1
1.1: Introduction: The origin of clay roofing tile can be traced independently to two different parts of the world China, during the Neolithic Age, beginning around 10,000 B.C, and the Middle East, a short time later. From these regions, the use of clay tile spread throughout Asia and Europe. Not only the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians, but also the Greeks and Romans roofed their buildings with clay tiles, and adaptations of their practice continue in Europe to the present. European settlers brought this roofing tradition to America where it was established in many places by the 17th century. The word ‘tegula’ or tile was used to describe several clay products in the early Middle Ages including bricks and paviors as well as roofing tiles but the special word ‘thacktyle’ was used certainly from the year 1212 and possibly from as early as 1189 in London. As the term suggests, tiles were used as an alternative to thatch where a more long-lasting, a more uniform, a more predictable, and, above all a more fire-resistant roof covering than thatch or reed or straw was required. This was especially true of urban buildings. Squeezed within their defensive walls, medieval towns were crowded with timber-framed buildings covered with thatch and therefore vulnerable to the spread of fire from roof to roof. From an early date various municipalities attempted to counter the danger by legislating for the use of tiles. Use of plain tiles rapidly spread in town and country until by the 1 8th Century these were the normal roofing material for a third of the country. Tiles were normally made from clay dug close by the site of the intended buildings, worked and tempered and then burnt in a clamp or kiln made at the building site. Each individual tile was made by hand; it was not until well into the 19th Century that tile-making machines came into use and then more often for pantiles or other shaped tiles than for plain tiles. Clay is a natural material, which in the form of clay tiles has played an integral role, built environment for over seven hundred years. Clay roof tiles are durable, natural, sustainable products that improve with age and weathering. Their appeal adds value to buildings and enhances the built environment. With the increasing sophistication of the housing market, the external characteristics of a house can play as significant a role as the interior appearance in the purchasing decision. Eye pleasing, attractive features on the outside of the building add to its aesthetic appeal and make an immediate impression on the prospective
2
buyers before they walk through the front door. And first impression last. A clay roof undoubtedly distinguishes a house as a premium ‘product’ and, to the builder, offers the potential for ‘added value’ which will exceed the marginal increment to the overall cost of the construction that may be associated with the use of clay tiles. Increasingly, concern for the environment is becoming a major influencing factor for the prospective homebuyers and builders. Whether or not they have any influence, buyers are concerned as much about preserving the landscape as they are about the materials used in building and demand natural, sustainable products. Clay tiles are considered by many planners and specify, as a sustainable product because of their durability, long term visual effect on the environment, and their properties as a renewable natural resource. These factors, along with the fact that they are being specified increasingly by planners and conservation officers to preserve the character of buildings and the architectural landscape, mean that clay continues to be one of the most desired roofing products. Recent evidence of the increase in the use of clay tiles is demonstrated by the fifty percent increase in the volume of clay tiles produced and sold per annum. Clay tiles come in two main formats, the flatter plain tile and the larger format profiled tile. Amongst plain tiles there are also other variations in the tile shapes including camber or curve. Single camber tiles curve from top to bottom which reduces the capillary action between courses, while double or cross camber tiles are also curved from left to right adding another dimension to the roof. A further design dimension can be added by using ornamental tiles, which can have curved edges such as the club and bull nose or beavertail ornamental tiles, a fishtail shape or a pointed end, commonly known as diamond or arrowhead ornamentals.
3
1.2: Clay Tiles Industries in Mangalore Mangalore tiles (also Mangalorean tiles) are a type of tiles native to the city of Mangalore, India. The tiles were first introduced to India in 1860 by a German missionary. Since then the industry flourished in India. These red tiles, prepared from hard laterite clay, are in great demand throughout India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, the Far East and are even shipped to East Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Australia. These were the only tiles to be recommended for Government buildings in India during the British regime. These tiles still define Mangalore's skyline and characterize its urban setting. They are a popular form of roofing and are preferred over concrete due to its good quality 1.2.1: History A German missionary Plebot set up the first tile factory at Mangalore in 1860, after they found large deposits of clay by the banks of the Gurupura (also Phalguni) and Nethravathi (also Buntwal) rivers. It was called Basel Mission tile factory, and was the first ever tile factory in India, located on the banks of the Nethravathi River, near Morgan's Gate, around 100 meters (0.10 km) away from Ullal Bridge. Several other tile factories came up in the years that followed. In 1868, the Albuquerque tile factory producing these tiles was started by Mr.Pascal Albuquerque at Pane Mangalore in South Canara. These were the only tiles to be recommended for Government buildings in India during the British regime. The Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, a World Heritage Site is also topped with these tiles due to their excellent quality and was preferred over Bombay tiles by the structure's architect Frederick William Stevens. Since the opening of the Albuquerque tile factory, Mangaloreans have been actively involved in manufacturing these red Mangalore tiles. In 1878, followed the Alvares tile factory established by Mr.Simon Alvares of Bombay at Mangalore. The tiles produced by the factory were in great demand throughout the Indian subcontinent and East Africa. Abundant deposits of clay, plenty of firewood from the Western Ghats and cheap skilled labor helped the industry flourish. By the 1900s there were around 25 tile factories situated in and around Mangalore. By 1994 around 75 tile factories were present in Mangalore. As per the years 1991—1992 out of a selected 12 tile factories, 6 were owned by Hindus and
4
the other 6 by Christians. The factories along with these tiles also manufactured materials such as ridges, limestone and bricks. In 2007, the industry suffered a loss with about 10 tile factories shutting down due to scarcity of raw materials like clay. and as factories struggled to find skilled and cooperative workers. 1.2.2: Quality and Usage: These tiles define Mangalore's skyline and characterize its urban setting they provide excellent ventilation especially during summer and aesthetically as well. Some of them are especially made to be placed over kitchen and bathroom for the smoke to escape. Over a period of time, these tiles become dark to black from constant exposure to soot and smoke. These red colored clay tiles, unique in shape and size are so famous and export to all the corners of world. They are unique and are made or available in different size and shapes depending on the users need. These tiles are not only eco-friendly but also cheap, durable and costs only one third that of cement. Some of the buildings which are 100 yrs old still have tile roofing. These tiles are suited for regions experiencing heavy rainfall as water drains easily and fast. The Mangalore tiles are generally placed at forty five degree slant. The tiles get their robust red colour due to the high proportion of iron compound found in the laterite clay. A tile weighs about 2 kilograms (4.4 lb) to 3 kilograms (6.6 lb). These kinds of tiles are most popularly used in Canara, Goa, Kerala, and the Konkan. 1.2.3:
Trade and commerce:
These tiles are export to Far East, Europe, Australia, Africa and as close as Middle Eastern countries. Now a day’s people becoming more stylish and modern so no one's interested in these old styled tiled houses, so concrete structures occupy its place. But still modern designed houses are using these tiles for style
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.1.2.4: Source of Income: Plebot’s invention was marked Mangalore’s name and clay industry is become one of the main income source in Mangalore. In 1900 s there were 43 clay tile industries in Mangalore. Many people get employed in these industries and earned their daily bread. The industries were owned by land lords and traders. The tile industries were solved the unemployment problem in Mangalore to a certain extent. The daily wages system was first started in Mangalore by the industry owners. 1.2.5: Quality Production: The tiles made in Mangalore were very famous for the quality, leak proof and shapes. Mangalore surrounding places like Polali, Ammunje, Gurupuara, Addur etc are having finest clay which is used for the quality production. The provision of raw materials like firewood, clay mud, oil and the laborers were in large. Also the wages were very less and prices of raw materials were low. Even lots of laborers were there so the production was high .It was a good incoming source of that time they were getting good benefits too. 1.2.6: Present scenario of clay tile industries in Mangalore: The roof tiles industry in Mangalore, which was once a major contributor to the economy of this region, is in dire straits owing to the decline in demand. According to Mr. C.J Rego who owns Rego Tile Factory in Mangalore, there were 36 factories in and around Mangalore in 1969. But today there are only six tile factories surviving in the region and even among them not all are working to their full capacity due to lack of demand from customers and competition from the neighboring States, where the cost of production is low. Mr. C.J Rego claims that expenditure on tiles is one-third of the expenditure on concrete structures and the latter needs regular maintenance. If they are not set properly, these structures are prone to leakage, he said. One of the major factors that drive the industry is the availability of quality clay for the manufacture of tiles. `Mangalore Tile' a well-known brand got its name because of a particular variety of plastic clay used in its making and which gives it tensile strength and colour.
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Another variety is the lean clay. Majoor, Manel, Amja, Polali and Adoor areas have enough deposits of plastic clay, he said. A major portion of these lands has been occupied by mega industries, and only less than 40 sq. km. of land is available for clay deposits. Also, the cost for transportation of clay from the site to the factory is high. In addition, there is lack of adequate quantity of firewood, which is used as fuel. Earlier, factory owners used to bring firewood from Uttara Kannada district through country crafts at affordable costs. With the decline in the availability of firewood, tile manufactures have started paying attention to other sources of fuel. However, given a chance they still prefer firewood. The increase in prices of kerosene, bran oil and kid den oil used in the manufacture of tiles, and diesel and lubricating oil have all affected production. Another major hurdle is the high power tariffs and interruption in power supply. Internal competitions among the manufactures have played their role in causing further damage to the industry. An R&D Centre for Clay Roofing Tiles, Bricks and Other Ceramic Products was established on the campus of the National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK) at Suratkal near here in 1993 with the idea of guiding, supporting and helping the industry. There is vast scope for improvement of methods, quality control, fuel efficiency, innovation and invention in the production and marketing of tiles, according to Mr. C J Rego As the demand is less for roofing tiles, new designs should be introduced to attract customers. Referring to the use of clay beams abroad, he said such technology should be developed here too. With a decline in the demand for roofing tiles, some of the manufacturers are preparing flower pots and bricks to sustain in the industry. Echoing similar views, Mr. Giridhar Prabhu, former President of the Kanara Chamber of Commerce and Industry said changing housing pattern has affected the industry badly. The R&D centre should focus on designing demand-driven products in order to help the industry survive in a competitive environment.
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1.2.7: Major Clay Tile manufactures in Mangalore: •
Cascia Tile Factory
•
Rego Sons Tile Factory
•
Common wealth Tile Factory
•
Albuquerque Tile Factory
•
Raj Tile Factory
•
Maple Tile Factory
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Chart No.1.3: ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE DIRECTOR
MANAGER
OFFICE DEPARTMENT
ACCOUNTA NT
FACTORY DEPARTMENT MENT
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
FACTORY DEPARTMENT
CASHIER
SUPERVIS OR OTHERS
PRESS
PUG MILL SECTION CLAY SECTION KILN SECTION SPLITTING SECTION
FIRENESS KILN
1.4: SWOT ANALYSIS OF CLAY TILES INDUSTRIES
ENGINE DRIVER MECHANIC
ELECTRICIAN
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Strengths •
One of the oldest industries in Indian economy.
•
Indian clay tiles has got good name in all over the world.
•
Clay tiles have got unique property which protects flours from heat.
•
Clay tiles industry has got good technical support which can increase its usage.
•
Low cost compared to its alternative industries.
•
Less initial investment is required.
Weakness •
Labor problems.
•
Lack of skills among the workers.
•
Non availability of raw materials such as raw clay, firewood, etc.
•
Heavy Competition.
•
No proper marketing channel.
•
Lack of inventions.
Opportunities •
Innovations in the field of clay industry create a lot of opportunities.
•
Clay tiles are exploring its business as decorative tiles.
•
Global warming issue is also became a big advantage for clay tiles industry.
Threats •
Socialist problem.
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•
Many alternatives such as RCC of roofing affecting the growth of this industry.
•
Government regulations.
•
Increase in trade barriers.
•
Emergence of substitute products.
1.5: Industry life cycle analysis: Product life cycle defines the various stages of the industry. Form of fundamental analysis involving the process of making investment decisions based on the different stages an industry is at during a given point in time. The type of position taken will depend on firm specific characteristics, as well as where the industry is at in its life cycle. Currently the clay tiles industry in decline stage because of many reasons it may regain its demand in future but as always future is uncertain and currently the clay industry in India is making huge loss due to so many problems those are as discussed under: •
Shortage of Raw materials.
•
Lack of skilled labors.
•
Governmental interference.
•
Capital formation problems.
•
Availability of potential alternatives.
•
Lack of innovations in methods of production.
•
Decline in demand.
1.6: Michel Porter’s five force model:
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Bargaining power of suppliers In clay tiles manufacturing industry suppliers play a very important role because they provide major resources like clay and firewood for production of clay tiles. The supplier’s power is very strong in this industry because the raw clay is very rarely available and always suppliers stand for non negotiable price or fixed price.
Bargaining power of customers Customers in clay industries are mainly the building constructors or the persons mainly related to it, they always intend to buy the in a bulk but because of many inventions’ the RCC roofing is gaining importance day by day so the customers are shifting to RCC rapidly, so in this industry the power of customers is stronger.
Threat of new entrants As the industry is not so attractive nowadays the threat of entrants is also very less because the manufacturing of clay tiles needs experience and skill but the new entrants does not have enough skills so the threat of new entrants is very low in this industry.
Threat of substitute The clay tiles industry is facing a major threat from its substitutes which are less in cost than clay tiles. There are many substitutes available for clay tiles those are RCC roofing, ceramic tiles, glassy walls etc.
Competitive rivalry within the industry A Clay tile manufacturing industry has less number of players in market, but cost leadership and competition is very high within the existing players. So this industry is becoming an unattractive industry in upcoming days.
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2.1:
Introduction:
Mangalore tiles are a type of tiles native to the city of Mangalore, India. The tiles were first introduced to India in 1860 by a German missionary. Since then the industry flourished in India. These red tiles, prepared from hard laterite clay, are in great demand throughout India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, the Far East and are even shipped to East Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Australia. These were the only tiles to be recommended for Government buildings in India during the British regime. These tiles still define Mangalore's skyline and characterize its urban setting. They are a popular form of roofing and are preferred over concrete due to its good qualty.These tiles are native to Mangalore, a city in the former South Canara district on the western coast of India. Hence they were named Mangalore tiles by the tile factory manufacturers.
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2.2: Company History: A German missionary Plebot set up the first tile factory at Mangalore in 1860, after they found large deposits of clay by the banks of the Gurupura and Nethravathi rivers. It was called Basel Mission tile factory, and was the first ever tile factory in India, located on the banks of the Nethravathi River, near Morgan's Gate, around 100 metres (0.10 km) away from Ullal Bridge.Several other tile factories came up in the years that followed. In 1868, the Albuquerque tile factory producing these tiles was started by Mr.Pascal Albuquerque at Pane mangalore in South Canara. In 1871 Rego Sons was founded The Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, a World Heritage Site is also topped with these tiles due to their excellent quality and were preferred over Bombay tiles by the structure's architect Frederick William Steve. The tiles produced by the factories were in great demand throughout the Indian subcontinent and East Africa. Abundant deposits of clay, plenty of firewood from the Western Ghats and cheap skilled labour helped the industry flourish. By the 1900s there were around 25 tile factories situated in and around Mangalore. By 1984 around 75 tile factories were present in Mangalore. The factories along with these tiles also manufactured materials such as ridges, limestone and bricks. In the period 1990-1993 the industry suffered severe loses and many factories closed down. Poor market and also down due to scarcity of raw materials and labour.
2.3: Quality and Usage: These tiles define Mangalore's skyline and characterize its urban setting. They provide excellent ventilation especially during summer and aesthetically as well. Some of them are especially made to be placed over kitchen and bathroom for the smoke to escape. Over a period of time, these tiles become dark to black from constant exposure to soot and smoke. These red colored clay tiles, unique in shape and size are so famous and export to all the corners of world. They are unique and are made or available in different size and shapes depending on the users need. These tiles are not only eco-friendly but also cheap, durable and costs only one third that of cement. Some of the buildings which are 100 yrs old still have tile roofing. These tiles are suited for regions experiencing heavy rainfall as water drains easily and fast. The Mangalore tiles are generally placed at forty five degree slant.
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The tiles get their robust red color due to the high proportion of iron compound found in the laterite clay. A tile weighs about 2 kilograms (4.4 lb) to 3 kilograms (6.6 lb). These kinds of tiles are most popularly used in Canara, Goa, Kerala, and the Konkan.
2.4: Preparation First part is to collect enough clay and place it in a mold and is cut to exact measurement. Then that rectangular piece of clay with exact length and thickness is placed on another machine which puts the factory logo and shapes it into a tile. Then with hand any extra clay is removed and sent to be carried for firing and later glazing. It was interesting to say the least to see how both men and women worked cooperatively to produce the final product. It is a very delicate and detailed process starting from collection of clay to the final product to be fired. Once fired and glazed it is ready and is stored for shipping.
2.5: Trade and commerce. These tiles were exported to Far East, Europe, Australia, Africa and as close as Middle Eastern countries. Now a day’s people becoming more stylish and modern so no one's interested in these old styled tiled houses, so concrete structures occupy its place. But still modern designed houses are using these tiles for style.
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3.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY
The study consist of detailed analysis of the demand and supply of clay tiles products in the business but the organization (Rego And Sons Clay Tiles Factory) is facing low profit margin from past many years This study is evolved in identifying problem faced by the organization and ultimately the reason behind the low demand at “Rego & Sons Clay Tiles Factory”. 3.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
“To analyze Present and future demand of Clay Tile product with reference to Rego & Sons, Mangalore” 3.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY.
16 •
The study is focused on present and future demand of Clay Tile product.
•
The study was based on information provided by Rego & Sons Tiles Company and other clients related to this industry in Mangalore (Baikampady to Thokkottu).
•
Time frame January 18 to February 28.
3.4: OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY •
Analyze of present and future demand clay tiles products.
•
Analyze the various factors affecting the demand of clay tile products
3.5: DATA COLLECTION. Primary data: •
The primary data were collected through the well developed questionnaire, interview with the company individuals.
Secondary data:
•
Secondary data were collected through company brochures, internet, magazines and
newspapers.
3.6: SAMPLING DESIGN.
A sample design is a definite plan for obtaining a sample from a given population. Sample is a respondent from whom the data are collected.
17 3.6.1 Sampling Frame.
The user of clay tile product was the sampling frame. The total clay tiles users in Mangalore. 3.6.2 Sampling Unit.
The sampling unit is the population of Mangalore. 3.6.3 Sample Size:
The sample size was 135 respondents out of that 100 were households and 35 were contractors and builders from different parts of Mangalore. 3.6.4 Sampling Method.
The sampling method used was the Judgmental Sampling in case of contractors and in case of customers it is simple random sample those were taken as samples.
3.7 STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES. The descriptive statistics was used as the statistical technique. Cross tabulation was used because there was the need to find out the relationship between two variables to analyze the problems.
3.8: LIMITATION OF THE STUDY •
The time was not sufficient to collect the data as the sampling unit was whole Mangalore city.
•
The lack of sufficient resources for the study. •
The number of population was not sufficient to make a study.
•
The results of study are specific to Mangalore alone and cannot be generalize to
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other area.
Table 4 (A).1: Age of the Respondents Age
Frequency
Per cent
Below 25 25 – 30
46 14
46 14
19
30 – 35 Above 35
13 27
13 27
Total
100
100
Chart 4(A).1: Age of the Respondents.
Interpretation: From the above table it is clear that out of 100 respondents 46 respondents (46.0 per cent) fall below the age of 25 & only 13 respondents (13.0 per cent) fall in the age group of 3035.
Table 4(A).2: Occupation of the Respondents.
Government Employee Professionals
Frequency
Per cent
25 34
25.0 34.0
20
Self Employed Agriculture Total
35 6
35.0 6.0
100
100.0
Chart 4(A).2: Occupation of the Respondents
Interpretation: From the above table it is clear that out of 100 respondents 35 respondents (35.0 per cent) are self employed and only 6 respondents (6.0 per cent) are agriculturists which is their occupation.
Table No 4(A).3: Income Level of the Respondents
21
Frequency
Per cent
Below 1 Lakh
25
25.0
1 Lakh - 2 Lakh
38
38.0
2 Lakh - 3 Lakh
29
29.0
Above 3 Lakh
8
8.0
Total
100
100.0
Chart No. 4(A).3: Income Level of the Respondents
Interpretation: From the above table it is clear that out of 100 respondents 38 respondents (38.0 per cent) income Level fall under 1 lakh - 2 lakh and only 8 respondents (8.0 per cent) income fall Above 3 Lakh.
Table No 4. (A).4: Status of the Respondents.
22
Frequency
Percent
Tenant
24
24.0
Owner
76
76.0
Total
100
100.0
Chart No 4. (A).4: Status of the Respondents
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents 76 respondents (76.0 per cent) are the real owners of the house whereas the remaining 24 respondents (24.0 per cent) are staying as tenants. This shows that majority of the respondents own a house.
Table No 4. (A).5: Awareness of Clay tile product among respondents.
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Frequency
Per cent
No
18
18.0
Yes
82
82.0
Total
100
100.0
Chart No 4. (A).5: Awareness of Clay tile product among respondents.
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents 82 respondents (82.0 per cent) are aware of the clay tile products whereas the remaining 18 respondents (18.0 per cent) are not aware of the clay tile products. This shows that majority of the respondents are aware of the clay tile products and only a few percent are unaware of the clay tile products.
Table No 4. (A).6: The awareness of benefits of using Clay tile product
24
Frequency
Percent
No
33
33.0
Yes
67
67.0
Total
100
100.0
Chart No 4(A).6: The awareness of benefits of using Clay tile product
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents 62 respondents (62.0 per cent) are aware of the benefits of using clay tile products whereas the remaining 33 respondents (33.0 per cent) are not aware of the benefits of using clay tile products. This shows that majority of the respondents are aware of the benefits of using clay tile products.
Table No 4. (A).7: Inclusion of clay tile products in the house construction.
25
No Yes Total
Frequency 31 68 100
Per cent 31.0 68.0 100.0
Chart No 4(A).7: Inclusion of clay tile products in the house construction. .
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents 68 respondents (68.0 per cent) are currently using clay tile products at their home whereas the remaining 31 respondents (31.0 per cent) are not using clay tile products.
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Table No 4. (A).8: Part of the house comprises of Clay tile products.
Roof Floor Wall Outdoor Decorative Purpose Window Roof Total
Frequency 56 4 2 8 16 1
Percent 64.4 4.6 2.3 9.2 18.4 1.1
87
100.0
Chart No 4(A).8: Part of the house comprises of Clay tile products.
Interpretation: From the above table out of 87 respondents 56 respondents (64.4 per cent) use clay tile products for roof and only 1 respondent (1.0 per cent) use clay tile for window roof. This shows that majority of the respondents use clay tile for roofing.
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Table No 4. (A).9: Features preferred for when purchasing Clay tiles. Frequency 16
Per cent 13.0
Durability
25
20.3
Reducing Temperature
35
28.5
Safety
12
9.8
Environment friendly
14
11.4
Decorative purpose
21
17.1
Total
123
100.0
Price
Chart No 4. (A). 9 Features preferred for when purchasing Clay tiles.
Interpretation: From the above table out of 123 respondents 35 respondents (28.5 per cent) look for features when buying clay tile products because it reduces the temperature and only 12 respondents (9.8 per cent) go for safety purposes.
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Table No 4. (A).10.1: Respondents ranking in respect to Price. Rank
Respondent
Per cent
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
14 8 9 12 16 19 22
14 8 9 12 16 19 22
Total
100
100
Chart No 4. (A).10.1: Respondents ranking in respect to Price.
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents 22 respondents (82.0 per cent) rank agree for the price of the product and only 8 respondents (8.0 per cent) do not agree .
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Table No 4. (A) 10.2: Respondents ranking in respect to durability. Rank
Respondent
Percent
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
12 14 12 18 21 12 11
12 14 12 18 21 12 11
Total
100
100
Chart No. 4. (A).10.2. Respondents ranking in respect to durability.
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents 21 respondents (21.0 per cent) say that clay tile products are durable and rank it five and only 11 respondents (11.0 per cent) say that it’s not durable.
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Table No. 4. (A).10.3: Respondents ranking in respect to Reduction of temperature. Rank
Respondent
Per cent
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
26 21 19 11 14 3 6
26 21 19 11 14 3 6
Total
100
100
Chart No. 4. (A). 10.3: Respondents ranking in respect to reduction of Temperature
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents 26 respondents (26.0percent) say that clay tile product reduces the temperature and only 3 respondents (3.0) have given low ranking.
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Table No. 4. (A).10.4: Respondents ranking in respect to environmental friendly. Rank
Respondent
Percent
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
24 31 15 19 6 3 2
24 31 15 19 6 3 2
Total
100
100
Chart No. 4(A).10.4: Respondents ranking in respect to environmental friendly.
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents 31 respondents (31.0 per cent) say that clay tile products are environmental friendly and have ranked it high and only 2 respondents (2.0 per cent) have given low ranking.
32
Table No. 4. (A). 10.5: Respondents ranking with regard to safety. Rank
Respondent
Percent
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 7 6 19 18 15 27
8 7 6 19 18 15 27
Total
100
100
Chart No. 4. (A).10.5: Respondents ranking with regard to safety.
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents 27 respondents (27.0 per cent) say that clay tiles are not safe and ranked it 7 & only 6 respondents (6.0 per cent) say it is safe.
33
Table No. 4. (A).10.6: Respondents ranking in respect to the decorative use of clay tile product Rank
Respondent
Per cent
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
16 23 15 19 9 13 5
16 23 15 19 9 13 5
Total
100
100
Chart No. 4(A).10.6: Respondents ranking in respect to the decorative use of clay tile product
Interpretation: From the above table we can see that the maximum number of respondents (23) prefer clay tiles products as a decorative purpose.
Table 4. (A). 11: Respondents point of purchase.
34
Frequency
Percent
Manufacture Dealers Retailers Others
19 27 49 5
19.0 27.0 49.0 5.0
Total
100
100.0
Chart 4. (A).11: Respondents point of purchase.
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents 49 respondents (49 per cent) buy clay tiles products from retailers and only 5 respondents (5 per cent) buy from other outlets.
Table No. 4(A). 12: Availability of clay tile product.
35
Frequency
Per cent
No
33
33.0
Yes
57
57.0
Total
100
100.0
Chart No. 4(A).12: Availability of clay tile product.
Interpretation:
36
From the above table it is clear that out of 100 respondents 57 respondents (57 per cent) say that clay tiles products are widely available and only 33 respondents (33 per cent) say that clay tile products are not widely available.
Table 4. (A).13: Satisfaction of the respondents Frequency
Per cent
No
18
18.0
Yes
82
82.0
Total
100
100.0
Chart 4. (A). 13: Satisfaction of the respondents.
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents, 82 respondents (82 per cent) are satisfied with the use of clay tile products and only 18 respondents (18 per cent) are not satisfied with the
37
use of clay tile products. This shows that majority of them are satisfied with the use of clay tile products.
Table 4. (A) 14: The future use of clay tiles Frequency
Per cent
No
16
16.0
Yes
84
84.0
Total
100
100.0
Chart 4. (A).14: The future use of clay tiles.
Interpretation: From the above table out of 100 respondents 84 respondents (84 per cent) will use clay tiles in future and only 16 respondents (16 per cent) will not use clay tiles products in future. Thus it is clear that majority of the respondents will use clay tile products in future.
38
Table 4. (A). 15: The purpose of use clay tiles in future.
Roof Floor Wall Decorative Window roof Outdoor, Total
Frequency
Per cent
60 24 6 8 15 3
51.7 20.7 5.2 6.9 12.9 2.6
116
100
Chart 4. (A).15: The purpose of use clay tiles in future.
Interpretation:
39
From the above table out of 116 respondents 60 respondents (51.7 per cent) will use clay tile products for roofing purposes and only 3 respondents (2.6 per cent) will use clay tile products for outdoor purposes.
Table 4(A).16: Reasons for not using clay tiles in future.
Price Non Durability Non Availability Safety No response Total
Frequency
Per cent
2 7 1 8 82
2 7 1 8 82
100
100
Chart 4. (A).16: Reasons for not using clay tiles in future
Interpretation:
40
From the above table out of 100 respondents 82 respondents (82 per cent) have not responded whether they will use the clay tile products in future and only 1 respondents (1 per cent) will not use clay tile products because of its non availability.
Table 4. (A).17: The changes preferred in clay tile product. Frequency
Per cent
Size Availability Quality Price New Designs Safety
44 24 14 55 51 35
19.7 10.8 6.3 24.7 22.9 15.7
Total
223
100
Chart 4. (A).17: The changes preferred in clay tile product
Interpretation:
41
From the above table out of 100 respondents 55 respondents (24.7 per cent) would prefer changes in the price of clay tile products and only 14 respondents (6.3 per cent) would prefer changes in the quality of the product. This shows that majority of the respondents prefer change in the price of the product.
Table 4. (A).18: Respondents activeness to recommend the clay tile product to others.
No
Frequency 14
Per cent 14.0
Yes No response
83 3
83.0 3.0
Total
100
100
Chart 4. (A).18: Respondents activeness to recommend the clay tile product to others.
Interpretation:
42
From the above table out of 100 respondents 83 respondents (83 per cent) have recommended the use of clay tile products and only 14 respondents (14 per cent) have not recommended the use of clay tile products.
Table No. 4. (B).1: Respondents awareness about clay tile product. Frequency
Per cent
Yes
35
100.0
No
0
00.0
Total
35
100
Chart No.4. (B).1: Respondents awareness about clay tile product.
Interpretation: From the above table it is clear that out of 35 respondents, all respondents are aware of
43
clay tile product. It shows that contractors are aware of the use of clay product.
Table No. 4. (B).2: Inclusion of clay tile product in their constructions. Frequency
Per cent
No
4
11.4
Yes
31
88.6
Total
35
100.0
Chart No. 4. (B). 2: Inclusion of clay tile product in their constructions.
Interpretation: From the above table it is observed that out of 35 respondents, 31 respondents (88.6 per cent) use the clay tile product, only four (11.4 per cent) respondent are not using he clay tile product.
44
Table No.4. (B). 3: Respondents point Of Purchase.
Chart 4. (B).3: Respondents point of purchase.
Interpretation: From the above table it is observed that out of 31 respondents, 17 (54.8 per cent) respondents are purchased clay tile product from the manufacturer, 10 respondents (32.3 per cent) purchased from the wholesaler and only 4 (12.9 per cent) respondents purchased from the agent.
45
Table No 4. (B). 4: Customer preference towards the clay tile product. Frequency
Percent
House Holds Flats Office Building Multiple Complex Park Other
17 2 2 3 6 1
54.8 6.4 6.4 9.7 19.5 3.2
Total
31
100
Chart No4. (B). 4: Customer preference towards the clay tile product.
Interpretation: From the analysis of data it is clear that out of 31 respondents 17 (54 per cent) house prefer clay tile product, only 1 (3.2 per cent) respondent use clay tile product for other purposes.
46
Table No. 4. (B). 5: Availability of product. Frequency
Per cent
Strongly disagree Moderately disagree No opinion Moderately agree Strongly agree
2 4 5 17 3
6.5 12.9 16.1 54.8 9.7
Total
31
100.0
Chart No. 4. (B). 5: Availability of product.
Interpretation: From the above table it is clear that out of 31 respondents, 17 (54.8 per cent) respondents moderately agree that product are available according to their convenience and only 2 (6.5 per cent) respondents strongly disagree that product are not available according to their convenience.
47
Table No. 4. (B). 6: Frequency of clay tile products using by the respondents. Frequency
Per cent
Below 1000 1000 – 3000 3000 – 6000 6000 – 10000 Above 10000
3 8 12 4 4
9.7 25.8 38.7 12.9 12.9
Total
31
100.0
Chart No. 4. (B). 6: Frequency of clay tile products using by the respondents.
Interpretation: The above table shows that most of the respondents using clay tiles fall in the region of 3000-6000 (38.7 per cent) and only 3 respondents falls in the region of below 1000. (12 per cent) of respondents are using more than 10000. This mean there is high scope for clay tile products.
Table No. 4. (B). 7: Source of Information regarding the clay tile products.
48
Advertisement Personal experience Social Group Others
Frequency 1 15 14 1
Per cent 3.2 48.4 45.2 3.2
Total
31
100
Chart No. 4. (B). 7: Source of Information regarding the clay tile products.
Interpretation: From this table it is clear that personal experience (48.4 per cent) is the main source of information is through social group (45.2 per cent) also play an important tool for providing information and only minimal number of (3.2 per cent) people are getting information trough advertisement.
Table No. 4. (B).8: Reason for purchasing clay tile product.
49 Frequency
Per cent
Reducing Cost Attractive Environmental Friendly
14 17 6
23.7 28.9 10.2
Availability Temperature Cooling Healthy Commission
7 12 2 1
11.9 20.3 3.4 1.7
Total.
59
100
Chart No. 4. (B). 8: Reason for purchasing clay tile product.
Interpretation: From above table it is understood that main reasons for purchasing clay tile products are providing attractiveness to the building (28.9 per cent), reducing cost (23.7 per cent) and for reducing the temperature (20.3 per cent) but only (1.7 per cent) are looking for commission.
Table No. 4. (B). 9: Place for use. Frequency
Per cent
50
Floor Roof Out Door Decorative Purpose Window Roofing
2 18 7 15 9
3.9 35.3 13.7 29.4 17.7
Total
51
100
Chart4. (B). 9: Place for use.
Interpretation: Above table shows that 18 respondent (35.3 per cent) are using clay tile product for roofing purpose and 15 respondents (29.4 per cent) for decorative purpose and only two respondents (3.9 per cent) using clay tile for flooring purposes.
Table No.4. (B).10: Feature preferred in future works. Frequency
Percent
51
Size Price Quality Durability Availability Design Use
3 27 31 9 7 12 13
2.9 26.5 30.4 8.8 6.9 11.8 12.7
Total
102
100
Chart No. 4. (B).10: Feature preferred in future works.
Interpretation: The above table shows that only (6.9 per cent) respondents look availability as main criteria for purchasing the product but quality (30.4 percent) and price (26.5 percent) become the important criteria for taking their purchase decision.
Table No.4. (B). 11: Satisfaction of the respondents with the clay tile product. Frequency
Percent
52
Yes
29
93.6
No
2
6.4
Total
31
100.0
Chart No 4. (B).11: Satisfaction of the respondents with the clay tile product.
Interpretation: From the above table we observed that tout of 31 respondents, 29 respondents (93.6 per cent) show satisfaction toward use of clay tile product and only 2 respondents (6.4 per cent) show dissatisfaction toward the clay tile product.
Table No 4. (B). 12: Future preference of clay tile product. Frequency Yes
31
Per cent 88.6
53
No
4
11.4
Total
35
100
Chart No. 4. (B). 12: Future preference of clay tile product.
Interpretation: The above table shows that 35 respondents 31 respondents (88.6 per cent) will use clay tile product in their future construction works. But only 4 respondents (11.4 per cent) will not use clay tile product.
Table 4. (B). 13: Purpose of future use.
Price
Frequency
Percent
17
27
54
Durability Reducing temperature Environmental Safety Decorative Purpose
2 19 13 3 9
3.2 30.1 20.5 4.7 14.8
Total
63
100
Chart. 4. (B).13: Purpose of future use.
Interpretation: From the above table it is clear that the maximum number of respondents (30.1 per cent) use clay tiles because it reduces the temperature and only (3.2 per cent) prefer it because of its durability.
Table No. 4. (B).14.Reason for not using the clay tile products in future. Frequency Price Non Durability
3 1
Per cent 75 25
55
Non Availability Safety Other
0 0 0
0 0 0
Total
4
100
Chart No. 4. (B). 14: Reason for not using the clay tile products in future.
Interpretation: From the above table it is clear that (75 per cent) of respondent not use the clay tile product because of it s price and only (25 per cent) of respondent not using because of the non durability.
Table No. 4. (B).15: Respondents perception towards reducing temperature by using clay tiles products. Frequency Yes
33
Percent 94.3
56
No
2
5.7
Total
35
100
Chart No. 4. (B).15: Respondents perception towards reducing temperature by using clay tiles products.
Interpretation: From the above table it is clear that out 35 respondents, 33 respondents (94.3 per cent) agree that clay tile product will reduce the temperature and 2 respondents (5.7 per cent) not agree that clay tile product will reduce the temperature.
Table No. 4. (B).16.1 Respondents ranking with respect to price. Frequency Disagree Moderately disagree
7 11
Per cent 20.0 31.4
57
Disagree Neutral Moderately Agree Agree Strongly Agree
3 1 9 3 1
8.6 2.9 25.7 8.6 2.9
Total
35
100.0
Chart No. 4. (B).16.1 Respondents ranking with respect to price.
Interpretation: From the above table we observed that out of 35 respondents 11 respondents (31.4 per cent ) are moderately disagree with the price of the clay tile product and only one respondent (2.9 per cent ) strongly agree with the price.
Table No 4. (B).16.2: Respondents ranking with respect to durability. Frequency Strongly Disagree Moderately disagree Disagree
7 13 7
Per cent 20.0 37.1 20.0
58
Neutral Moderately Agree Agree Strongly Agree
2 4 1 1
5.7 11.4 2.9 2.9
Total
35
100.0
Chart. No. 4. (B).16.2: Respondents ranking with respect to durability.
Interpretation: From the above table we observed that out of 35 respondents 13 respondents (37.1 per cent) are moderately disagree with the and only one respondent (2.9 per cent) strongly agree with the durability of the clay tile as main criteria.
Table No. 4. (B).16.3: Respondents ranking with respect to reduction of temperature. Frequency Disagree Moderately disagree
Per cent 2 3
5.7 8.6
59
Disagree Neutral Moderately Agree Agree Strongly Agree
3 5 4 13 5
8.6 14.3 11.4 37.1 14.3
Total
35
100.0
Chart No. 4. (B).16.3: Respondents ranking with respect to reduction of temperature.
Interpretation: From the above table we observed that out of 35 respondents 13 respondents (37.1 per cent) are agree and only 3 respondent (8.6 per cent) disagree clay tile product will reduce the temperature.
Table No. 4.(B).16.4: Respondents ranking with respect to environmental friendly. Frequency Strongly Disagree Moderately disagree Disagree
3 4 5
Per cent 8.6 11.4 14.3
60
Neutral Moderately Agree Agree Strongly Agree
6 9 3 5
17.1 25.7 8.6 14.3
Total
35
100.0
Chart No. 4.(B).16.4: Respondents ranking with respect to environmental friendly.
Interpretation: From the above table we observed that out of 35 respondents 9 (25.7per cent) moderately agreed and only 3 respondent (8.6 per cent) strongly disagreed clay tile products were environmental friendly.
Table No. 4. (B).16.5: Respondents ranking with respect to safety. Frequency Strongly Disagree Moderately disagree Disagree Neutral Moderately Agree
11 4 7 7 4
Per cent 31.4 11.4 20.0 20.0 11.4
61
Agree Strongly Agree
1 1
2.9 2.9
Total
35
100.0
Chart No 4. (B).16.5: Respondents ranking with respect to safety.
Interpretation: From the above table we observed that out of 35 respondents 11respondents (31.4 per cent) strongly disagree that safety is main criteria and 1(2.9 per cent) strongly agree that safety is the main criteria for the use of clay tile.
Table No. 4. (B).16.6: Respondents ranking with respect to decorative purpose. Frequency Strongly Disagree Moderately disagree Disagree Neutral Moderately Agree Agree Strongly Agree Total
Per cent
3 3 7 4 8 5 5
8.6 8.6 20.0 11.4 22.9 14.3 14.3
35
100.0
62
Chart No.4. (B).16.6: Respondents ranking with respect to decorative purpose.
Interpretation: From the above table we observed that out of 35 respondents, 8 respondents (22.9 per cent) moderately agree and only 3 respondents (8.6 per cent) strongly disagree clay tile products are good to use for decorative purposes.
Table No 4. (B).17: Respondents activeness to recommend the clay tile product to others.
63
Frequency
Per cent
No
4
11.4
Yes
31
88.6
Total
35
100.0
Chart No. 4. (B).17: Respondents activeness to recommend the clay tile product to others.
Interpretation: From the above table it is clear that out of 35 respondents, 33 respondents (88.6 per cent) will recommend to other to use the clay tile product and only 3 respondents (11.4 per cent) will not recommend.
64
5. FINDINGS 1. The analysis showed that 35 respondents almost all are aware about the clay tiles products
as they are in the construction field. 2. It was observed that out of 35 respondent 31 respondents (88.6 per cent) use the clay tile
product, only four (11.4 per cent) respondents are not using he clay tile product. 3. The analysis showed that out of 31 respondents 17 (54.8 per cent) respondent is purchased
clay tile product from the manufacture, 10 (32.3 per cent) purchased from the wholesaler and only 4(12.9 per cent) respondent purchased from the agent. 4. The study revealed that out that out of 31 respondents 17 (54 per cent) house prefer clay
tile product, only 1 (3.2 per cent) respondents use clay tile product for other purposes 5. The analysis showed that of 31 respondents 17 (54.8 per cent) respondent moderately
agrees that product is available according to their convenience and only 2 (6.5 per cent) respondent strongly disagree that product are not available according to their convenience. 6. It was observed that most of the respondent using clay tiles falls in the region of 3000-6000
(38.7 per cent) and only 3 respondents falls in the region of below 1000. 12 per cent of respondents are using more than 10000. This mean there is high scope for clay tile products. 7. The study reveals that personal experience (48.4 per cent) is the main source of information
and information through social group (45.2 per cent) also pay an important tool for providing information and only minimal number of (3.2 per cent) people are getting information trough advertisement. 8. The analysis showed that main reasons for purchasing clay tile products are providing
attractiveness to the building (28.9 per cent), reducing cost (23.7 per cent) and for reducing the temperature (20.3 per cent) but only 1.7 percent are looking for commission.
65 9. It was observed that out of the total respondents 18 respondents (35.3 per cent) are using
clay tile product for roofing purpose and 15 respondents (29.4 per cent ) for decorative purpose and only two respondents (3.9 per cent) using clay tile for flooring purposes. 10. It shows that only 6.9 per cent respondents look availability as main criteria for purchasing the product but quality (30.4 percent) and price (26.5 percent) become the important criteria for taking their purchase decision. 11. The study reveals that out of 31 respondents 29 respondents (93.6 per cent) show
satisfaction toward use of clay tile product and only 2 respondents (6.4 per cent) show dissatisfaction toward the clay tile product. 12. The analysis showed that 35 respondents 31 respondents (88.6 per cent) will use clay tile
product in their future construction works. But only 4 respondents (11.4 percent ) will not use clay tile product 13. The study revealed that 75 (per cent) of respondent not use the clay tile product because of
it s price and only 25 (per cent) of respondent not using because of the non durability. 14. The study reveals that 35 respondents 33 respondents (94.3 per cent) agree that clay tile
product will reduce the temperature and 2 respondent (5.7 per cent) respondent did not agree that clay tile product will reduce the temperature. 15. It was observed that out of 35 respondents 11 respondents (31.4 per cent ) are moderately
disagree with the price of the clay tile product and only one respondent (2.9 per cent ) strongly agree with the price. 16. The study reveals that out of 35 respondents 13 respondents (37.1 per cent) moderately
disagree with the and only one respondent (2.9 per cent) strongly agree with the durability of the clay tile as main criteria. 17. The study revealed that out of 35 respondents 13 respondents (37.1 per cent) agree and
only 3 respondents (8.6 per cent) disagreed that clay tile product will reduce the temperature.
66 18. The analysis showed that out of 35 respondents 9 (25.7 per cent) moderately agreed and
only 3 respondent (8.6 per cent) strongly disagreed clay tile products were environmental friendly. 19. The study reveals that out of 35 respondents 11 respondents (31.4 per cent) strongly
disagreed that safety is the main criteria and 1 (2.9 per cent) strongly agree that safety is the main criteria for the use of clay tile. 20. It was observed that out of 35 respondents 8 respondents (22.9 per cent) moderately agreed
and only 3 respondents (8.6 per cent) strongly disagree the clay tile products were good to use for decorative purposes. 21. The study reveals that out of 35 respondents 31 respondents (88.6 per cent) will
recommend to other to use the clay tile product and only 4 respondents (11.4 per cent) will not recommend. 22. The study revealed that out of 100 respondents, 46 respondents (46 per cent) fall below the
age of 25 & only 13 respondents (13 per cent) fall in the age group of 30-35. 23. The analysis showed that that out of 100 respondents, 35 respondents (35 per cent) was self
employed and only 6 respondents (6 per cent) were agriculturists which is their occupation. 24. The study reveals that that out of 100 respondents, 76 respondents (76 per cent) were the
real owners of the house whereas the remaining 24 respondents (24 per cent) were staying as tenants. This shows that majority of the respondents own a house.
25. The analysis showed that out of 100 respondents 82 respondents (82 per cent) were aware
of the clay tile products whereas the remaining 18 respondents (18 per cent) were not aware of the clay tile products. This shows that majority of the respondents are aware of the clay tile products and only a few percent are unaware of the clay tile products.
26. The study reveals that out of 100 respondents 62 respondents (62 per cent) were aware of
the benefits of using clay tile products whereas the remaining 33 respondents (33 per cent)
67
were not aware of the benefits of using clay tile products. This shows that majority of the respondents are aware of the benefits of using clay tile products. 27. The study revealed that out of 100 respondents 68 respondents (68 per cent) were currently
using clay tile products at their home whereas the remaining 31 respondents (31 per cent) were not using clay tile products.
28. The analysis showed that out of 87 respondents 56 respondents (64.4 per cent) used clay
tile products for roof and only 1 respondent (1.0 per cent) used clay tile for window roof. This shows that majority of the respondents used clay tile for roofing 29. The study revealed that out of 123 respondents 35 respondents (28.5 per cent) look for
features when buying clay tile products because it reduces the temperature and only 12 respondents (9.8 per cent) go for safety purposes.
30. The study reveals that out of 100 respondents 22 respondents (82 per cent) rank 7 for the
price of the product and only 8 respondents (8 per cent) rank 2. 31. It was observed that out of 100 respondents 21 respondents (21 per cent) say that clay tile
products were durable and rank it five and only 11 respondents (11 per cent) say that it’s not durable. 32. The analysis showed that out of 100 respondents 26 respondents (26 per cent) said that clay
tile product reduces the temperature and only 3 respondents (3 per cent) have given low ranking. 33. The study reveals that out of 100 respondents 31 respondents (31 per cent) said that clay
tile products were environmental friendly and have ranked it high and only 2 respondents (2 per cent) have given low ranking.
68 34. It was observed that out of 100 respondents 49 respondents (49 per cent) bought clay tiles
products from retailers and only 5 respondents (5 per cent) bought from other outlets. 35. The study reveals that out of 100 respondents 57 respondents (57 per cent) said that clay
tiles products were widely available and only 33 respondents (33 per cent) said that clay tile products were not widely available.
36. The analysis showed that out of 100 respondents 82 respondents (82 per cent) were
satisfied with the use of clay tile products and only 18 respondents (18 per cent) were not satisfied with the use of clay tile products. This shows that majority of them are satisfied with the use of clay tile products. 37. The study reveals that out of 100 respondents 84 respondents (84 per cent) will use clay
tiles in future and only 16 respondents (16 per cent) will not use clay tiles products in future. Thus it is clear that majority of the respondents will use clay tile products in future. 38. It was observed that out of 116 respondents 60 respondents (51.7 per cent) will use clay tile
products for roofing purposes and only 3 respondents (2.6percent) will use clay tile products for outdoor purposes.
39. The study reveals that out of 100 respondents 82 respondents (82 per cent) have not
responded whether they will use the clay tile products in future and only 1 respondent (1 per cent) will not use clay tile products because of its non availability. 40. The study revealed that out of 100 respondents 55 respondents (24.7 per cent) would prefer
changes in the price of clay tile products and only 14 respondents (6.3 per cent) would prefer changes in the quality of the product. This shows that majority of the respondents prefer change in the price of the product.
69 41. It was observed that out of 100 respondents 83 respondents (83.0 per cent) will recommend
the use of clay tile products and only 14 respondents (14 per cent) will not recommend the use of clay tile products.
5.1 SUGGESTIONS
70
1. As per the survey it is clear that there is sufficient demand for the clay tiles products in
Mangalore hence the company should raise sufficient resources to fulfill the demand. 2. As per the survey many respondents are ready to use clay tiles for future purposes
because it reduces the heat or the floor temperature. It shows that the environmental factor may play a vital role in future demand of clay tiles. Hence the perception of the respondents shows some promises in the future. 3. The survey shows that the price of the clay tiles is not favorable for both contractors and users so reduction in the price may help the company in getting good demand. 4. The survey clearly shows that many people wants to see some changes in the design of
the clay tiles products so it is advisable to the company that it should introduce some new design which is attractive and fascinating. 5. The present clay tiles are majorly used by the respondents for roofing purposes and very less are aware of it that it can be used for decorative purpose also so company should take measures to improve it. 6. The major respondents became aware of clay tiles through there friends and other contacts as the survey shows so company should take the necessary steps to market these products. 7. Clay tiles products are sold in bulk so the agents and contractors are also be benefited in price reduction or in some other way by company so that they can get motivated to increases the use of clay tiles in there building projects.
6. CONCLUSION
71
Sadly, but true Clay tile industry in India is in its declining stage, which has affected the clay tile manufacturers in maximizing the profit. People opt for cement roof for the construction purpose. It has become necessary to create awareness about the clay tiles amongst the people through various promotional strategies and promote small and sick units in India. Rego & Sons tile factory is facing a loss for past few years due to high competition and other various factors such as quality of raw material, government policies, etc. the company must therefore diversify its business from clay tile manufacturing to ceramic tile as the demand is high for it. To overcome such problems and survive in the market Rego & Sons should take innovative steps and come up with aesthetic value products like split clay tiles, moisture proof clay tiles, water resistance clay tiles, glazed clay tiles, floor clay tiles, classical clay tiles, decorative clay tiles, terracotta clay tiles to grab the new generation demand. There sure seems to be light at the end of the tunnel and all is not lost provided Rego & Sons initiate the next step in the right directions.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
72
Articles and books: Malhotra Naresh; Briks David , Marketing research an applied approach , 5rd edition , 2009, Prentice hall of India. Nargundkar Rajendra, Marketing Research test and cases, 2003, 2nd edition, Tata McGraw Hill.
Websites: •
http://www.clayroof.co.uk/production/index.htm./,(Last accessed on 12-03-2010. 9.33.pm) •
http://www.hindu.com/pp/2005/11/26/stories/2005112601000100.htm,(Last accessed on 12-03-2010, 10.45 pm)
•
http://www.wienerberger.com/servlet/Satellite? pagename=Wienerberger/Page/CallArticle05&cid=1141671843168&sl=wb_com_h ome_en, (Last accessed on 16-04-2010, 05.05 pm)
•
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangalore_tiles, 16-04-2010, 05.15 pm
•
http://www.dahp.wa.gov/pages/HistoricSites/documents/ClayRoofTiles.pdf, 02-052010, 5.05 pm
•
http://www.google.co.in/search?hl=en&tbo=p&num=100&tbs=tl %3A1&q=history+clay+roof+tiles+in+india&btnG=Search&meta,( Last accessed on 03-02-2010, 7.07pm)
