PROFIT and Loss. 45

PROFIT & LOSS 1. Cost of of 3 cricket cricket balls balls = cost of of 2 pairs pairs of leg leg pads pads cost of 3 pairs of leg pads = cost of 2 pars of gloves gloves cost of 3 pairs of gloves=cost of 2 cricket bat if a cricket bat costs Rs.54, what is the cost of a cricket ball? Ans Rs.16 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Let us assume Cricket balls = A ; Leg pads = B ; Gloves = C ; Cricket bat = D Answer with Explanation: Explanation:

3A = 2 B

⇒

3B = 2 C

⇒

B

=

C

= =

C

=

3C = 2 D

⇒

D

= =

D D = 54

⇒

= 54

3 2 3 2

A B

3 2 9

2 3 2

=

A)

C (

27 8

2

A

4 3

3

(

9 4

A)

A

27 8

A

A = 16

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 1

www.aptitudecoach.com

2. If by selling an article for RS.100, a man gains Rs.15 then his gain percent is Ans 17 11/17% Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Cost price = selling price - profit

Answer with Explanation: Explanation:

Step : 1 Cost price = selling price - profit = ∴Profit

per cent =

Profit and Loss, BU

100 – 15 = 85 15 85

x 100

=

300 / 17

=

17

11 17

%

Page 2


2. If by selling an article for RS.100, a man gains Rs.15 then his gain percent is Ans 17 11/17% Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Cost price = selling price - profit


Step : 1 Cost price = selling price - profit = ∴Profit

per cent =

Profit and Loss, BU

100 – 15 = 85 15 85

x 100

=

300 / 17

=

17

11 17

%

Page 2


3. What What is the loss loss percent percent if a man loses Rs.10 Rs.10 on selling selling and articl articlee for Rs.100?

Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Cost price = selling price + loss


Step : 1 Cost price = selling price + loss = 100 + 10 = 110

Step : 2

Loss per cent

=

10 110

100

=

=9

Profit and Loss, BU

x 100

11

1 11

%

Page 3


4. A shopkeeper sold an article for Rs.2564.36. Approximately what was his profit percent if the cost price of the article was Rs.2400? Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Cost price + Profit = selling price


Cost price is 2400 Profit is X% ie. 2400 + 2400 x 1/100 x X = 2564.36

2400 + 24x = 2564.36 24x X

= 2564.36 – 2400 = 164.36 / 24 =

6.848

Approximately Approximately 7 %

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 4


5. A man sold an article for Rs.247.50, thereby gaining 12 ½% . The cost of the article was. Rs.220 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Cost price + Profit = Selling price

Answer with Explanation:

Let us assume cost price is x X + X x 25/2 x 1/100 = 247.50 X + 25x/200 = 247.50 (taking LCM) 200x + 25x = 247.50 x 200 225x = 49500 X = 49500 / 225 X = 220

The cost price is Rs. 220/-

∴

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 5


6. A retailer buys a radio for Rs.225. His overhead expenses are Rs.15 he sells the radio for Rs.300. The profit percent of the retailer is ……….Ans25 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Cost price + profit = selling price


Cost price = 225 + 15 = 240 Ie., 240 + X x 240 x 1/100 = 300 240 +

24 x 10

= 300 (taking LCM)

2400 + 24x = 3000 24x = 3000 – 2400 24x = 600 X = 600/24 X = 25.

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 6


7. A shopkeeper bought an article for Rs.319.60. Approximately at what price should he sell the article to make 25% profit ans Rs.400 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Assume cost = 100 Profit = 25 / 125 100

⇒

125

319.60 = ? ⇒

319 .60

x125

100

⇒

399.5

⇒

400 approximately.

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 7


8. If the selling price of an article is 4/3 times its cost price, the profit percent is ans…. 33 1/3 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Cost price = selling price – profit Let cost price is x and selling price is 4/3 x Ie., profit = selling price – cost price =

4 3

x

-x

= x/3 Profit % =

cos

tprice

x

= =

x

profit

3 100 3

x

= 33

Profit and Loss, BU

x100

=

3

x

100

x 1 3

%

Page 8


9. There would be 10% loss if a to is sold at RS.10.80 per piece. At what price should it be sold to earn a profit of 20% ans…Rs.14.40 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Answer with Explanation: Step : 1

Assume cost = 100

Assume cost = 100

Loss = 10 / 90

profit

= 20 = 120 = ?

90 ⇒ 10.80 120 = ? 120

x10 .80 90

= 14.40

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 9


10.By selling an article for Rs.19.50 a dealer makes a profit of 30% by how much should he increase his selling price so as to make a profit of 40% an ….Rs.1.50 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Assume cost = 100

Assume cost = 100

Profit =30 = 130

profit

= 40 = 140 = ?

130 = 19.5 140 = ?

⇒

140

x19 .5

130

= 21

Ie. Selling price = 21 – 19.5 =

Profit and Loss, BU

Rs. 1.5

Page 10


11.Rahim buys mangoes at the rate of 3kg for Rs.21 and sells them at 5kg for Rs.50. To earn Rs.102 as profit, he must sell. Ans 34kg Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Cost : 3 kg Mangoes Rs. 21

⇒

1 kg = Rs. 7

Selling Cost: 5 kg = 50

⇒

1 kg = 10

Difference for 1 kg is (10-7) = 3 1 kg = Rs.3 ? = Rs.102 102 / 3 = 34 kg

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 11


12.If books bought at prices ranging from Rs.200 to Rs.350 are sold at prices ranging from Rs.300 to Rs.425, what is the greatest possible profit that might be made in selling eight books ? ans Rs.1800 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

profit = selling price – cost price


Let us consider all the eight books are bought at least cost 200 x 8 = 1600 Selling at the highest price 425 x 8 = 3400 Profit = selling price – cost price

∴

=

3400 - 1600 = 1800

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 12


13.The cost price of 20 articles is the same as selling price of 15 articles. The profit percent in the transaction is ans : 33 1/3 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Answer with Explanation: 20

15

−

15 5 15

x 100

x 100

=

100/3

=

33 1/3 %

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 13


14. A man sells 320 mangoes at the cost price of 400 mangoes. His gain

perecent is Ans, 25% Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Gain percentage = profit / cost price x 100


400 – 320 = 80

80 320

x 100 = 25 %

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 14


15.If the cost price of 12 tables is equal to the selling price of 16 tables, the loss percent is ans 25% Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

cos tprice

sellingric e

−

sellingpri

ce

x 100

Result is +ve = we get a profit Result is –ve = we get a loss Answer with Explanation: 12

16

−

16 −4

16

x 100

x 100 = -25% = 25% loss.

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 15


16.If the selling price of 18 articles is equal to the CP of 21 articles the loss or gain percent ans: 16 2/3 % loss Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

cos tprice

sellingric e

−

sellingpri

ce

x 100

Result is +ve = we get a profit Result is –ve = we get a loss

Answer with Explanation: 21 −18 18 3 18

X 100

X 100

100 / 6 = 50/3 = 16 2/3 % profit

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 16


17.If by selling 100 mangoes the CP of 120 mangoes is realized the gain percent is ans 6 1/11% Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Let cost price of each Mango be Re.1 Cost price of 120 Mangoes is Rs. 120 Selling price of 100 Mangoes is rs. 100

Gain is = 20/100 x 100 =

20%

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 17


18.By selling a pen for Rs.15, a man loses one sixteenth of what it costs him. The cost of the pen is Rs.16 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Let us assume cost price is x Ie., x – 15 =

x

16 x − x

16

X=

x

16

= 15

16

16 15 x

16

x

X – 15 X-

1

= 15

= 15

15 x16 15

X = 16

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 18


19. By selling an article, sheetal earned a profit equal to 1/4

th

of the price he bought it. If he sold it for Rs.375 what was the cost price ans RS.300


Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Selling price = cost price + profit


Let us cost price is x 375 = x + 375 = 375 = 375 x 4 5

1 4

x

4 x + x 4 5 x 4

=x

X = 300 The cost price is Rs. 300

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 19


20.A shopkeeper on selling a pen for Rs.10, loses 1/11 of what it costs him. His cost price is ans 11. Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Loss = Cost price – selling price


Given : Loss is 1 11

1 11

of Cost Price

CP = CP – 10

10 = CP 10 =

1 11

CP

11 CP −1CP 11

⇒

10 =

10 11

CP

⇒

10

x11

10

= CP

Cost Price = 11

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 20


21.A fruit seller purchases oranges at the rate of 3 for Rs.5 and sells them at 2 for Rs.4. His profit in the transaction is ans 20% Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 21


22.If I purchased 11 books for Rs.10 and sold all the books at the rate of 10 books for Rs.11, the profit percent is ans 21% Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 22


23.A man bought a number of oranges at 3 for a rupee and an equal number at 2 for a rupee. At what price per dozen should be sell them to make a profit of 20%? Answer: Rs.6 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 23


24.

A man buys eggs at 2 for Re.1 and an equal number at 3 for Rs.2 and sells the whole at 5 for Rs.3. His gain or loss per cent is ? Answer : 2 6/7% gain Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 24


25.Ajay bought 15 kg os dhal at the rate of Rs.14.50 per kg and 10kg at the rate of Rs.13 per kg. He mixed the two and sold the mixture at the rate of Rs.15 per kg. What was his total gain in this transaction? Answer :Rs. 27.50


Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


15 10

→ →

14.50 13

The difference rate is 15 (15 – 14.50) ⇒ 15 x 0.50 = 7.5 10 (15 – 13)

⇒

10 x 2 = 20.0

Total = 27.5 Answer = Rs. 27.50

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 25


By mixing two qualities of pulses in the ratio 2:3 and selling the mixture at the rate of Rs.22 per kg a shopkeeper makes a profit of 10%. If the cost of the smaller quantity be Rs.14 per kg, the cost per kg of the large quantity is ? Answer : Rs 24


Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 26


26.Toffees are bought at the rate of 3 for a rupee. To gain 50% they must be sold at? Answer : 2 for a Rupee Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Cost price + profit = Selling Price


Let 3 toffees cost price is Re.1 Ie. 1 toffee cost price is 1/3

Ie., 1/3 + 1/3 x 50% = x

1 3

1 3

2

1

+

3

1

+

6

+1

6

X=

x 50 x

1 100

=x

=x

=x

1 2

2 toffees for a rupee.

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 27


The cost price of 12 article is same as selling price of 9 articles. Then find the Gain Percentage? Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Gain Percentage = Profit / cost price x 100

Answer with Explanation: 12

−

9

9

x 100

3/9 x 100 100/3 = 33 1/3

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 28


Alfred buys an old scooter for Rs.4700 and spends Rs.800 on its repairs. If he sells the scooter for Rs.5800, his gain percent is ? Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Profit Percentage = Profit / cost price x 100


Cost price

=

4700 +800 = 5500

Profit

=

5800 – 5500 = 300

Profit percentage = =

Profit and Loss, BU

300 / 5500 x 100 5.45%

Page 29


27. When a plot is sold for Rs. 18,700, the owner loses 15%. At what

price must the plot be sold in order to gain 15%? Answer : Rs. 25,300 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Assume cost = 100 Loss = 15 = 85

Assume Cost = 100 gain =

15 = 115

Sold for Rs. 18,700 85 ⇒ 18700 85 = 18,700

115 = ?

To find : 115 = ? 85x = 115 x 18,700 X=

115 x18700 85

X= 25300

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 30


If selling price is doubled, the profit triples. Find the profit percent Answer : 100 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 31


The percentage profit earned by selling an article for Rs. 1920 is equal to the percentage loss incurred by selling the same article for Rs. 1280. At what price should the article be sold to make 25% profit? Answer : Rs. 2000 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 32


28.A man bought apples at the rate of 8 for Rs.34 and sold them at the rate of 12 for Rs.57. How many apples should be sold to earn a net profit of Rs. 45? Answer : 90 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Answer with Explanation: To find cost price per apple:

8 apples = Rs. 34 1 apple = Rs. 4.25

Selling price per apple: 12 apples = Rs. 57 1 apple = Rs. 4.75

Profit per apple = selling price – cost price 4.75 – 4.25 = .50 Therefore X x 0.50 = 45 X = Rs. 90

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 33


29.A man bought some oranges at Rs.10 per dozen and bought the same number of oranges at Rs.8 per dozen. He sold these oranges at Rs.11 per dozen and gained Rs. 120. The total number of oranges bought by him was : Answer : 60 dozens Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Answer with Explanation: Cost price : 1 dozen oranges = Rs. 10 1 dozen oranges = Rs. 8

2 dozen oranges

=

Rs. 18

1 dozen oranges

=

Rs. 9

Selling price: 1 dozen oranges = Rs. 11 Profit per dozen is Rs. 2 Therefore x dozen x profit = Rs. 120 x = 120/2 X = 60 dozen

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 34


39. A sells a bicycle to B at a profit of 20%. B sells it to C at a profit of 25%. If C pays Rs.225 for it, the cost price of the bicycle for A is: Rs.110

Rs.120


Rs.125 Moderately easy

Rs.150 Difficult

Basic Formula:


Selling price for 8 is Rs. 225 Cost price + profit = 225

X+

25 x 100

= 225

X = 180

Cost price of 8 is 180

Selling price of a is 180 Cost price + profit = 180 Y+

20

y

100

= 180

Y = 150 The cost price of A is Rs. 150/-

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 35


40. If 5% more is gained by selling an article for Rs.350 than by selling it for Rs.340, the cost of the article is: Rs.50

Rs.160


Rs.200 Moderately easy

Rs.225 Difficult

Basic Formula:

Cost price + profit = selling price X = Cost price Y = Profit


X+ X+

xy 100

= 340

x( y + 5) 100

⇒

= 350

100x +xy = 34000

⇒

105x +xy = 35000 (-)

-5 x = - 1000 X = 200

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 36


41. Hemant sold 10 sarees for a total profit of Rs.460 and 12 sarees for a total profit of Rs.144. At what profit per saree should he sell the remaining 20 sarees so that he gets an average profit of Rs.18 per saree? Rs.7.40

Rs.7.60


Rs.7.80

Moderately easy

Rs.8

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 37


42. What is the selling price of a car? If the cost of the car is Rs. 60 and a profit of 10% over selling price is earned? Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:



Cost price is Rs. 60 Profit is 10% of Cost Price

10 100

x 60 = 6

Selling Price = CP + Profit =

60 + 6 = 66

SP is Rs. 66

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 38


43. The cost of an item is Rs. 12.60. If the profit is 10% over selling price what is the selling price?


Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:



Cost Price = 12.60 Profit = 10% of CP = =

10 100 126 100

x 12.60 = 1.26

Selling Price = CP + Profit =

12.60 + 1.26

=

13.86

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 39


44. A man gains 10% by selling a certain article for a certain price. If he sells it at double the price, the profit made is : Answer : 120% Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 40


45. Kanaka owns aplot worth Rs.10,000. He sells it to Raman at 10% profit Raman sells the plot back to kanaka at a loss of 10%. In the whole transaction kanaka gets : Answer : Rs.1,100 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 41


46. Profit after selling a commodity for Rs. 425 is the same as the loss after selling it for Rs. 355. What is the cost of the commodity? Answer : 390


Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:

Profit = Selling Price – Cost Price


Assume cost Price = x P = 425 –x P

⇒

425 – x = 355 +x

425 – 355 = 2x 70 = 2x X = 35

P = 425 – 35 = 390

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 42


47. An article when sold at a gain of 5% yields Rs.15 more than when sold at a loss of 5%. What is the cost price? Answer : Rs.150


Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Let the cost price is x 5% gain

⇒

x-

100

100

100

100

x

100

X=

−

5

100

95

105 x − 95 x

10

+

5

100

5% loss = 105

100

=

=

105 100

95 100

x = 15 = 15

= 15 1500 10

= 150

Profit and Loss, BU

Page 43


48. A reduction of 25% in the price of eggs will enable one to buy 4 dozen more eggs for Rs.96. What is the price per dozen? Answer : Rs.8


Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 44


49. If an article is sold at 5% gain instead of 5% loss, the seller gets Rs.6.72 more. The Cost Price of the article is : Answer : Rs.67.20 Difficulty Level : Easy

Moderately easy

Difficult

Basic Formula:


Profit and Loss, BU

Page 45


PROFIT and Loss. 45

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