Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
^\ILEOAGXKCG ^O@ODGCG@ M_C_A ( EGT O@JI\BOAO@X O@JI\BOAO@X ) HK K@HI@ORKG HGEGA ^O\R^OCXKJ @ODG\G M_C_A Ieom6 \kbi Roptkg` @iir Hiso` Jgcuetgs Mucua _`kvorsktgs ^geg`dcg \gyg o-agke6 rkbiYsoptkg`7;=;Nygmii.bi.kh o-agke6 rkbiYsoptkg`7;=;Nygmii.bi.kh
Glstrgc6 ^oragsgegmg` Glstrgc6 ^oragsgegmg` ao`do`gk mucua hg` po`odgcg` mucua aoag`d tkhgc por`gm soeosgk u`tuc hklgmgs hg` hklkbgrgcg`,bucup lg`ygc po`oektkg` hg` cgfkg` yg`d ao`oektk ao`do`gk mucua hg` po`odgcg` mucua lodktu pueg jirauegsk colkfgcg` hg` skstoa yg`d hklugt u`tuc aorulgm gdgr gdgr mucua hgpgt hgpgt hktodgccg` hktodgccg` sosugk ho`dg` ho`dg` tufug` mucua mucua ktu so`hkrk ygktu Coghkeg`. Ciapeocsktgs porsigeg` torcgkt ho`dg` upgyg po`odgcg` mucua hk `odgrg cktg solgdgk @odgrg Mucua to`tu`yg fudg torcgkt ho`dg` lg`ygc jgctir aksge`yg sgfg structur, sulstg`sk hg` cuetur mucua yg`d soaug `yg loraugrg pghg ghg`yg cotkapg`dg` g`tgrg (Hgs sieeo`) gtgu gpg yg`d soegag k`k hkmgrgpcg` ieom agsygrgcgt agsygrgcgt ho`dg` (Hgs sok`) ygktu co`ygtgg` hgega kapeoao`tgsk mucua hkagsygrgcgt, ieom cgro`g ktu poreu ghg`yg upgyg porulgmg` hg` porlgkcg` tormghgp jgctir-jgctir gpg sgfg yg`d aoapo`dgrumk aoapo`dgrumk po`odgcg` mucua torsolut. Cgtg Cu`bk6 ^o`odgcg` Mucua, @odgrg Mucua
^O@HGM_E_G@
K`hi`oskg ghgegm `odgrg mucua mge k`k toegm sobgrg foegs tortug`d hgega po`foegsg` __H 7;8? soloeua hk gag`hoao` yg`d hksolutcg` lgmwg K`hi`oskg kgegm `odgrg yg`d lorhgsgr gtgs mucua ( \obmtsstggt ), ), yg`d lorgrtk lgmwg @odgrg K`hi`oskg lorhgsgrcg` gtgs mucua hg` tkhgc lorhgsgrcg` pghg cocugsgg` soagtg (agbmtsstggt ). ). Coauhkg` mge k`k coalgek hkportodgs pghg gag`hoao` __H 7;8? hgega ^gsge 7 gygt (2) yg`d ao`ygtgcg` lgmwg @odgrg K`hi`oskg ghgegm @odgrg Mucua. Lorhgsgrcg` coto`tug` Ci`stktusk torsolut, agcg @odgrg K`hi`oskg hkpork`tgm lorhgsgrcg` mucua yg`d loregcu, toragsuc po`dugsg
KRR@ 6 <>=?-84?4
hgega mge k`k poaork`tgm pu` mgrus tu`huc pghg mucua yg`d loregcu. Oso`sk hgrk @odgrg Mucua ao`urut Rfgmrg` Lgsgm ghgegm6 ―Cocugsgg` ―Cocugsgg` tortk`ddk hkhgega sugtu `odgrg toreotgc pghg mucua gtgu tkghg cocugsgg` egk` gpgpu`, torcobugek cocugsgg` mucua soagtg yg`d hgega mge k`k lorsualor pghg pg`bgskeg soegcu sualor hgrk sodgeg sualor mucua.‑ 7 Rofgeg` ho`dg` po`hgpgt torsolut hkgtgs lgmwg mgcocgt`yg fkcg solugm `odgrg ghgegm @odgrg mucua agcg mucuaegm yg`d mgrus ao`fghk pohiag` hg` hgsgr hgega ci`tocs lor`odgrg, lodktu pueg hk K`hi`oskg solgdgk `odgrg mucua 7
Rfgbmrg` Lgsgm, 7;;<, ^orek`hu`dg` Mucua Xormghgp Rkcgp Xk`hgc Ghak`kstrgsk @odgrg, Geua`k. Lg`hu`d mea 78.
?=
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
yg`d ao`fu`fu`d tk`ddk mucua yg`d lorsualor hgrk pg`bgskeg solgdgk sualor hgrk sodgeg sualor mucua. _`tuc hgpgt aoagmgak porsigeg` yg`d lorcgktg` ho`dg` mucua sobgrg ao`hgega, agcg mucua mo`hgc`yg hkekmgt solgdgk solugm skstoa. ^o`dortkg` hgsgr yg`d torcg`hu`d hgega skstoa mucua torsolut aoekputk hug mge solgdgk lorkcut6 < ^ortgag, ygktu solgdgk sosugtu wufuh gtgu o`tktgs, ygktu skstoa lkgsg hkg`ddgp solgdgk sugtu mkapu`g` lgdkg` yg`d sgek`d lorcgktg`, yg`d aoalo`tuc sgtu cosoeurumg` yg`d ruakt gtgu ciapeocs totgpk aorupgcg` sgtu cosgtug`. ^g`hg`dg` k`k pghg hgsgr`yg lorskjgt hoscrkptkj, lorskjgt ao`ddgalgrcg` hg` k`k aoalorkcg` coau`dck`g` u`tuc ao`ddgalgrcg` hg` aoalohgcg` g`tgrg lo`hg-lo`hg yg`d loregk`g` hg` u`tuc ao`otgpcg` lgtgs-lgtgs coekek`d`yg gtgu aoakegm`yg du`g copo`tk`dg` po`dg`geksgg` hg` u`tuc aoaporauhgm poaobgmg` agsgegm. Cohug, skstoa aoapu`ygk agc`g aotihieidkc yg`d hkco`ge ho`dg` po`dortkg` uaua po`hocgtg` skstoa gpprigbm). (systoa ^ghg hgsgr`yg po`hocgtg` k`k aorupgcg` po`orgpg` aotiho keakgm hk hgega usgmg aoaobgmcg` agsgegm, gtgu ao`orgpcg` colkgsgg` lorpkckr gtgu lorg`ddgpg` lgmwg ghg lg`ygc solgl torfghk`yg sosugtu, hk hgega aoag`hg`d gtgu ao`dmghgpk sgek`d cotorcgktg`. ^o`hocgtg` skstoa lorusgmg u`tuc aoagmgak ghg`yg coruaktg` hk hgega colg`ygcg` lo`hg, somk`ddg tormk`hgr hgrk aoag`hg`d`yg solgdgk sosugtu yg`d gagt sohormg`g gtgu lgmcg` coekru. Fghk mucua hk K`hi`oskg aorupgcg` sgtu cosgtug` lorlgdgk <
Itfo Rgeag` R., M.\. hg` G`tmi` J. Rusg`ti, Xoirk
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
ciapi`o` lgkc ciapi`o` structur, sulstg`sk gtgupu` cuetur luhgyg mucua hgrk solugm skstoa mucua yg`d hk`gagcg` skstoa mucua K`hi`oskg. Fkcg aoekmgt lorhgsgrcg` sofgrgm`yg, skstoa mucua K`hi`oskg aoakekck structuryg`d sgag ho`dg` skstoa mucua yg`d ghg pghg agsg po`fgfgmg` Loeg`hg. Mge ktu torfghk foegs cgro`g @odgrg cktg hgega curu` wgctu curg`d eolkm 2?> tgmu` hkfgfgm loeg`hg ieom cgro`g ktu skstoa mucua K`hi`oskg lg`ygc ao`dghgptgsk pghg skstoa mucua pghg agsg po`fgfgmg` Loeg`hg hg` sgapgk socgrg`d prihuc mucua torsolut totgp hkpordu`gcg` sgegm sgtu bi`tim`yg C_M^. Rkstoa mucua hg` porghkeg` hk K`hi`oskg soloeua aorhocg lorskjgt agfoauc hg` skstoa`yg hklohg-lohgcg` lorhgsgrcg` diei`dg` gtgu rgs, ygktu diei`dg` oripg, diei`dg` coturu`g` bk`g hg` tkaur gsk`d, sortg diei`dg` prkluak.^ghg irho egag hg` irho lgru porcoalg`dg` hg` hk`gakcg mucua hgpgt hkcgtgcg` ao`dgegak cotorpurucg`. Mge k`k torekmgt lgmwg pghg agsg ktu mucua hkfghkcg` solgdgk gegt cocugsgg` lgdk po`dugsg, bi`tim `yg poaork`tgm aoalo`tuc lolorgpg prihuc mucua u`hg`d-u`hg`d yg`d lorpkmgc pghg gsk`d hg` aoauhgmcg` aihge gsk`d lork`vostgsk hk K`hi`oskg ho`dg` gegsg` hg` colkfgcg` torto`tu, k`torvo`sk poaork`tgm pghg fgeg``yg po`odgcg` mucua sgapgk gcmkr`yg kstkegm CC@ (Cirupsk, Cieusk hg` @opitksao) auegk lorcoalg`d pghg sggt ktu. Cololgsg` hgega lorpo`hgpgt hklu`dcga,rgcygt lgmcg` hktu`tut u`tuc soegeu pri tormghgp colkfgcg` poaork`tgm,mge k`k lgmcg` ao`kaluecg` poeg`ddgrg` mgc gsgsk ag`uskg yg`d torfghk hkag`gag`g. Lorgekm`yg agsg irho lgru co rojiragsk ao`fghk ti`ddgc porulgmg` tgtg`g` mucua hk K`hi`oskg yg`d hkmgrgpcg` aoalgwg
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
K`i`oskg. Hkgwgek ho`dg` ao`dgag`hoao` _`hg`d-_`hg`d Hgsgr 7;8? mk`ddg oapgt cgek gag`hoao` __H 7;8? sofgc tgmu` 7;;; sgapgk tgmu` <>><. ^oalo`tucg` lolorgpg _`hg`d-u`hg`d yg`d aorupgcg` lo`tuc poalgrug` skstoa piektkc hg` cototg`odgrgg`, poalgrug` skstoa mucua hg` mgc gsgsk ag`uskg hg`fudg hklkhg`d oci`iak. Gcg` totgpk pghg co`ygtgg` `yg ^o`ygckt egag pghg agsg irho egag hg` irho lgru, ygktu CC@ (Cirupsk, Cieusk hg` @opitksao) yg`d ao`kaluecg` cotkapg`dg` hgega ^o`odgcg` Mucua tor`ygtg fudg agskm totgp cicim hg` ao`dgcgr sgapgk pghg agsg rojiragsk, lgmcg` soagck` tkhgc torco`hgek. ^rileoagtkcg gtgu poragsgegmg` torcgkt ho`dg` porsigeg` mucua sgapgk pghg sggt k`k hk `odgrg k`k tor`ygtg aoalorkcg` dgalgrg` yg`d tkhgc ao`borak`cg` bkrk-bkrk hgrk sugtu `odgrg mucua yg`d hkk`dk`cg` ieom agsygrgcgt. Mge torsolut hktg`hgk ho`dg` lg`ygc`yg po`ykapg`dg` mucua aksge`yg cgsus yg`d torfghk lgkc ktu pieksk, fgcsg agupu` mgcka yg`d aoeg`ddgr mucuasoportk toreklgt cgsus cirupsk. Xolg`d pkekm tormghgp cgsus aksge`yg, lg`ygc`yg pgrg ciruptir yg`d hklolgscg` ieom po`dghkeg`, hg` cgegupu` hkmucua mg`yg ao`hgpgtcg` mucuag` yg`d rk`dg`. Ao`fghk mge yg`d euargm hk agsygrgcgt lgmwg irg`d aksck` gcg` sg`dgt cosuektg` ao`bgrk coghkeg`. Bi`tim cgsus soirg`d `o`oc yg`d ao`burk lugm cgcgi hoak colutumg` mkhup`yg mgrus hkg`bga po`fgrg hg` solgekc`yg lorlohg ho`dg` Ciruptir yg`d aorgapgs ug`d rgcygt yg`d hkmucua sg`dgt rk`dg`. Ho`dg` hoakckg`, hgpgt hkekmgt lgmwg prgctoc po`odgcg` mucua hk K`hi`oskg lorfgeg` ho`dg` hkscrkak`gtkj hg` sogcg`-
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
sgfg. Diei`dg` agsygrgcgt yg`d agapu ho`dg` lodktu auhgm ao`hgpgtcg` coghkeg` sohg`dcg` solgekc`yg agsygrgcgt lkgsg yg`d tordiei`d tkhgc agapu gcg` lodktu fgum hgrk coghkeg`. Ho`dg` cgtg egk` hgrk jgctir structur`yg mucua hk `odgrg cktg bi`tim`yg pghg putusg` po`dghkeg` yg`d hgpgt hkucur ho`dg` ug`d, cgro`g yg`d ao`fghk pgrgaotor u`tuc cork`dg`g` mucuag` hgega porghkeg` eolkm pghg portkalg`dg` lorgpg fuaegm ug`d u`tuc ktu hgrkpghg portkalg`dg` mucua yg`d lorsg`hgr pghg coghkeg` hg` colo`grg` yg`d aorupgcg` tufug` mgckck hgrk mucua. ^ghg Rulstg`sk `yg fudg agskm lg`ygc torhgpgt cocurg`dg` hgega mge prihuc mucua yg`d hklugt aksge`yg sgfg _`hg`d_`hg`d hg` prihuc mucua hk hgorgm lorupg ^orgturg` Hgorgm yg`d loragsgegm hgrk sodk sulstg`skge. Hg` jgctir Cueturge yg`d hgapgc`yg ghg pghg comkhupg` mucua hk`odgrg cktg ao`fghk tkhgc torgrgm hg` torpuruc cgro`g cotkhgc porbgygg` agsygrgcgt tormghgp mucua yg`d ao`kaluecg` curg`d`yg cosghgrg` mucua hgega agsygrgcgt. Cotorpurucg` mucua hk sugtu `odgrg to`tu gcg` lorhgapgc `odgtkj pueg tormghgp soctir comkhupg` egk` `yg aksge`yg comkhupg` oci`iak, piektkc hg` luhgyg. _`tuc ktu, mo`hgc`yg mucua ao`fghk pg`dekag hgega sotkgp hkao`sk comkhupg` yg`d lorgrtk mucua egm yg`d hkfghkcg` solgdgk pohiag` lgkc hgega comkhupg` somgrk-mgrk gtgu pu` comkhupg` lor`odgrg. ^O\AGRGEGMG@
Hgrk lorlgdgk urgkg` torsolut hkgtgs agcg ghg lolorgpg poragsgegmg` yg`d hgpgt ao`fghk ruausg` agsgegm yg`d hkg`dcgt hgega po`ueksg` k`k ygktu6
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
7.) Lgdgkag`g ^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg` Mucua hgrk porspoctkj @odgrg Mucua hk K`hi`oskg9 <.) Lgdgkag`g upgyg porulgmg` hg` porlgkcg` tormghgp ^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg` Mucua torsolut9 AOXIHO ^O@OEKXKG@
Hgega poalugtg` sugtu cgryg keakgm hgega keau mucua to`tu tkhgc gcg` toreopgs hgrk aotiho po`ueksg` yg`d hkhgsgrcg` pghg mgske po`oektkg` lgkc po`oektkg` `iragtkj agupu` po`oektkg` oapkrks. ^o`oektkg` yg`d yg`d hkdu`gcg` hgega tueksg` k`k ghgegm po`oektkg` ho`dg` aotiho yurkhks @iragtkj (Eodge \osogrbm) ygktu ho`dg` bgrg ao`oektk lgmg` pustgcg gtgu hgtg socu`hor. Hgega po`ueksg` k`k hkdu`gcg` ^o`hocgtg` Ci`soptuge (bi`soptuge gpprigbm ) hg` ^o`hocgtg` Cgsus (bgso gpprigbm ). Lgmg` mucua yg`d hkdu`gcg` hgega po`ueksg` k`k ghgegm lgmg` mucua prkaor, socu`hor, hg` lgmg` mucua torskor.Lgmg`-lgmg` mucua ktu coauhkg` hksusu` sobgrg skstoagtks hkcgfk sobgrg ao`hgega u`tuc soeg`fut`yg hktgrkc coskapueg`. ^OALGMGRG@ Aoalgmgs ao`do`gk mucua aoag`d tkhgc ghg sugtu hojo`ksk yg`d lgcu to`tg`d gpg yg`d hkagcsuhho`dg` mucua, `gau` hgpgt hktgrkc lolorgpg coskapueg` torcgkt po`dortkg` mucua ao`urut lolorgpg gmek, ao`urut Ruhkc`i Aorticusuai ygktu6 ―Mucua pghg uaua`yg ghgegm cosoeurumg` cuapueg` porgturg`-porgturg` gtgu cgohgm-cgohgm hgega sugtu comkhupg` lorsgag yg`d hgpgt hkpgcsgcg` poegcsg`gg``yg ho`dg` sugtu sg`csk. Cgrgctorkstkc mucua solgdgk cgohgm soegeu
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
hk ag`g sgfg hg` hgega wkegygm @odgrg torto`tu, tg`pg aoalohg- lohgcg`.‑ lohgcg`.‑2 Coauhkg` ao`urut Riocgr`i Glurgorg hcc,6 ―Lgmwg mucua hgpgt hkekmgt solgdgk mucua pisktkj ygktu mucua yg`d loregcu hkhgega solugm `odgrg. Hgega ci`tocs torsolut, mucua aorupgcg` po`otgpg` ieom poakapk` yg`d sgm hgega sugtu `odgrg solgdgkag`g fudg yg`d hkagc`gk ieom pgrg gmek mucua.‑ 8 Hgega pg`hg`dg` agsygrgcgt gwga, mucua hgpgt hkporsopskcg` solgdgk sugtu pieg comkhupg` lorsgag hgega agsygrgcgt yg`d hkgtur sobgrg ghke. Fghk, `kegk-`kegk coghkeg` hgega mucua yg`d hkpg`hg`d solgdgk `irag yg`d eolkm tk`ddk hklg`hk`dcg` ho`dg` `irag mucua hgega sugtu _`hg`d-_`hg`d. Fkcg hkcgktcg` ho`dg` pg`hg`dg` Rgtfkpti \gmgrhfi, agcg tktkc toau`yg ghgegm lgdgkag`g aoalugt sugtu prihuc mucua yg`d hgpgt aoalorkcg` colgmgdkgg` (coghkeg`) lgdk rgcygt hgega sugtu ci`sop mucua u`tuc ag`uskg. Mucua yg`d tkhgc mg`yg hkekmgt solgdgk lg`du`g` porgturg` poru`hg`du`hg`dg` solgdgk prihuc gtgu pork`tgm po`dugsg soagtg, totgpk mucua mgrus hklugt klgrgt sugtu irdg`ks yg`d agapu lorpkckr, aoro`bg`gcg` hg` socgekdus lortk`hgc sosugk ho`dg` mgtk `urg`k`ygyg`d hkeg`hgsk pghg `kegk-`kegk coghkeg` hgega agsygrgcgt u`tuc ? aowufuhcg` colgmgdkgg` rgcygt. Lorhgsgrcg` lorlgdgk urgkg` torsolut hkgtgs, agcg hgpgt hkskapuecg` lgmwg mucua ghgegm6 2
Ruhkc`i Aorticusuai,<>>2. Ao`do`ge Ao`do`ge Mucua.Eklorty, [idygcgrtg mea. 8> Rugtu ^o`dg`tgr .Eklorty, 8 Rucgr`i Glurgorg hcc, <>>;, Jkesgjgt Mucua, Lgyuaohkg ^uleksmk`d, Ageg`d, mea. 2< ? Rgtfkpti \gmgrhfi, <>>;, @odgrg Mucua [g`d Do`tmg ^uleksmk`d, Aoalgmgdkgcg` Aoalgmgdkgcg` \gcygt`yg \gcygt`yg ,
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
g. Mucua hgega grtk Coto`tug` po`dugsg6 Mucua hkgrtkcg` solgdgk porg`dcgt porgturg` yg`d hklugt ieom po`dugsg hgega mge k`k ghgegm poaork`tgm. Aksge`yg prihuc mucua lorupg sugtu _`hg`d-_`hg`d. l. Mucua hgega grtk ^otudgs6 Mucua hkhoscrkpskcg` hgega wufuh potudgs yg`d lorsorgdga yg`d lortudgs ao`odgcg` mucua aksge`yg pieksk. b. Mucua hgega grtk Rkcgp tk`hgc6 Mucua hk dgalgrcg` solgdgk porkegcu yg`d gfod gtgu skcgp tk`hgc yg`d torgtur. Aksge`yg6 G sowg cgagr hgrk L, ho`dg` cowgfklg` sotkgp lueg` G aoalgygr ug`d sowg. Agcg sobgrg torgtur sotkgp lueg` G aoalgygr sowg cgagr pghg L. h. Mucua hgega grtk Rkstoa Cgohgm6 Mucua hkdgalgrcg` solgdgk porkegcu agsygrgcgt yg`d ao`urutk `irag gtgu cgohgm yg`d loregcu hgega agsygrgcgt. Gpglkeg tkhgc ao`ggtk`yg agcg hkg`ddgp solgdgk porkegcu yg`d ao`ykapg`d. ^oakckrg` ao`do`gk Ci`sop @odgrg mucua toegm ghg sofgc hueu ygktu pghg glgh ]K] s/h glgh ]], pghg mgcocgt`yg @odgrg mucua lorgcgr hgrk ci`sop toirk cohguegtg` mucua yg`d pghg prk`skp`yg ao`ygtgcg` lgmwg cocugsgg` tortk`ddk hkhgega sugtu @odgrg ghgegm mucua, ieom solgl ktu soeurum gegt poreo`dcgpg` @odgrg gpgpu` `gag`yg toragsuc wgrdg`odgrg mgrus tu`huc hg` pgtum sortg ao`fu`fu`d tk`ddk mucua tg`pg torcobugek. @odgrg mucua yg`d au`bue pghg glgh co-]K] ghgegm `odgrg mucua jirake gtgu `odgrg mucua hgega grtk soapkt. Kstkegm gmek \obmtsstggt hklorkcg` ieom pgrg gmek mucua Oripg Ci`tk`o`tge sohg`d kstkegm \ueo ij Egw hklorkcg` ieom pgrg gmek mucua G`dei Rgxi`. ^ghg zgag` aihor`,
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
Ci`tk`o`tge hkcoalg`dcg` g`tgrg egk` ieom Kaag`uoe Cg`t, ^gue Eglg`h, Fuekus Rtgme, Jkbmto, hg` egk`-egk` ho`dg` ao`ddu`gcg` kstkegm Forag`, ygktu ―robmtsstggt‛ . Rohg`dcg` hgega trghksk G`dei Gaorkcg, ci`sop @odgrg mucua hkcoalg`dcg` gtgs copoeipirg` G.Z. Hkboy ho`dg` solutg` ―Xmo \ueo ij Egw ‑. Jrkohrkbm Fuekus Rtgme hgrk cgeg`dg` gmek mucua Oripg Ci`tk`o`tge aoalorkcg` bkrk-bkrk solgdgk lorkcut ygktu6 \obmtsstggt solgdgk 7. Mgc gsgsk ag`uskg. <. ^oaksgmg` gtgu poalgdkg` cocugsgg` u`tuc ao`fgak` mgc gsgsgk ag`uskg yg`d lkgsg hkco`ge solgdgk Xrkgs ^iektkbg. 2. ^oaork`tgmg` lorhgsgrcg` porgturg` porgturg`. 8. ^orghkeg` ghak`kstrgsk hgega : porsoekskmg`. Ghgpu` GZ Hkboy hgrk cgeg`dg` gmek mucua G`dei Rgxi` aoalorkcg` bkrk-bkrk \ueo ij Egw solgdgk lorkcut ygktu6 7. Ruproagsk mucua, hgega grtk tkhgc lieom ghg cosowo`g`d-wo`g`dg` somk`ddg sosoirg`d mg`yg lieom hkmucua fkcg torluctk aoeg`ddgr mucua. <. Cohuhucg` yg`d sgag hk hopg` mucua, lgkc lgdk rgcygt lkgsg agupu` lgdk pofglgt. 2. Xorfgak``yg mgc-mgc ag`uskg hgega u`hg`d-u`hg`d gtgu coputusg` 4 po`dghkeg`. Ci`sopsk @odgrg mucua aorupgcg` torfoagmg` hgrk kstkegm \obmtsstggt gtgu \ueo ij Egw. \ueo ij Egw ktu so`hkrk hgpgt hkcgtgcg` solgdgk lo`tuc poruausg` yurkhks hgrk dgdgsg` cistktuski`geksao. :
Jrkohrkbm Fuekus Rtgme hgega Gstka \kyg`ti,<>>:.Xoirk Ci`stktusk, Lg`hu`d6 [gpoahi,mea 8?. 4 G.Z. Hkboy, 7;?<.K`trihubtki` ti Rtuhy ij Xmo Egw
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
Robgrg sohormg`g yg`d hkagcsuh `odgrg mucua ghgegm `odgrg yg`d po`yoeoddgrgg` cocugsgg` poaork`tgmg``yg hkhgsgrcg` gtgs mucua. Hk hgega`yg `odgrg hg` eoalgdg-eoalgdg egk` hgega aoegcsg`gcg` tk`hgcg` gpgpu` mgrus hkeg`hgsk ieom mucua hg` hgpgt hkportg`ddu`d fgwglcg` sobgrg mucua. mucua. Hgega toirk @odgrg mucua mucua torhgpgt hug skstoa mucua ygktu robmtstggt hg` rueo ij egw. Lurco`s, ot.ge., ao`doaucgcg` po`dortkg` \obmtsstggt sobgrg sohormg`g soportk yg`d hkcutkp hgrk G. Mgakh R. Gttgakak ygktu6 ― @odgrg yg`d ao`oapgtcg` mucua solgdgk hgsgr cocugsgg` `odgrg hg` po`yoeo`ddgrgg` cocugsgg` agcg `odgrg torsolut hgega sodgeg lo`tuc gtgu prgctoc lor`odgrg `yg hkegcucg` hk lgwgm cocugsgg` mucua. Hgega \obmtsstggt , ao`urut`yg ghgegm kcgtg` g`tgrg `odgrg hg` mucua tkhgcegm loreg`dsu`d hgega kcgtg` yg`d eopgs gtgu pu` lorskjgt colotueg`, aoegk`cg` kcgtg` yg`d mgckck.‑ mgckck. ‑= Hgrk pg`hg`dg` torsolut hk gtgs , ao`dg`hu`d grtk lgmwg cocugsgg` sugtu poaork`tgmg` hgega sugtu `odgrg lorsualor pghg mucua hg` solgekc`yg u`tuc aoegcsg`gcg` mucua hgega po`yoeo`ddgrgg` poaork`tgmg` sugtu `odgrg mgrus lorhgsgrcg` cocugsgg`. Rygrgt-sygrgt hgsgr robmtsstggt yg`d hkcoaucgcg` ieom Lurco`s, ot.ge., yg`d hkcutkp ieom ^mkekpus A. Mghfi`ghgegm6 ; g. Gsgs eodgektgs3 sotkgp tk`hgc poaork`tgmg` mgrus hkhgsgrcg` gtgs hgsgr porgturg` poru`hg`d-u`hg`dg` dri`hsegd). (wottorekfco Ho`dg` =
G. Mgakh R. Gttgakak,
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
eg`hgsg` k`k, _`hg`d-_`hg`d hgega grtk jirage hg` __H so`hkrk aorupgcg` tuapug` hgsgr tk`hgc poaork`tgmg`. Hgega mge k`k poalo`tuc u`hg`d-u`hg`d aorupgcg` lgdkg` po`tk`d `odgrg mucua3 l. ^oalgdkg` cocugsgg`3 sygrgt k`k ao`dg`hu`d agc`g lgmwg cocugsgg` `odgrg tkhgc lieom mg`yg lortuapu pghg sgtu tg`dg`3 b. Mgc-mgc hgsgr (dri`hrobmto`)3 mgc-mgc hgsgr aorupgcg` sgsgrg` porek`hu`dg` mucua lgdk rgcygt hg` socgekdus aoalgtgsk cocugsgg` poalo`tucg` _`hg`d-_`hg`d3 h. ^o`dgwgsg` po`dghkeg` Ghak`kstrgsk3 lgdk rgcygt torsohkg sgeurg` aoegeuk po`dghkeg` yg`d lolgs u`tuc ao`dufk coglsgmg` tk`hgc poaork`tgmg` (robmtagtkdmokhs tiotsk`d). Roao`tgrg ktu, Xmo rueo ij egw hgega po`dortkg` k`k pghg k`tk`yg ghgegm biaai` egw solgdgk hgsgr porek`hu`dg` lgdk cololgsg` k`hkvkhu tormghgp cosowo`g`d-wo`g`dg` ieom po`dugsg gtgu ho`dg` cgtg egk` hgpgt hkcgtgcg` lgmwg pgrg pofglgt `odgrg tkhgc lolgs hgrk cowgfklg` u`tuc ao`tggtk mucua yg`d ao`dgtur wgrdg `odgrg lkgsg gtgu hgrk yurkhkcsk porghkeg` lkgsg hg` tkhgc hgpgt ao`iegc comghkrg` porghkeg` ghak`kstrgsk. Hk hgega `odgrg mucua, sotkgp gspoc tk`hgcg` poaork`tgmg` lgkc hgega egpg`dg` ^o`dgturg` ( \oduegtki`) agupu` hgega egpg`dg` ^oegyg`g` ( ^ulekb Rorvg`t ) mgrus hkhgsgrcg` pghg porgturg` poru`hg`d-u`hg`dg` gtgu lorhgsgrcg` pghg gsgs eodgektgs. Grtk`yg poaork`tgm tkhgc hgpgt aoegcucg` tk`hgcg` poaork`tgmg` tg`pg ghg`yg hgsgr cowo`g`dg` yg`d hkakekck`yg. _`sur-u`sur yg`d loregcu uaua lgdk sotkgp `odgrg mucua, ygc`k solgdgk lorkcut
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
g. Ghg`yg sugtu skstoa poaork`tgmg` `odgrg yg`d hkhgsgrcg` gtgs cohguegtg` rgcygt. l. ^oaork`tgm hgega aoegcsg`gcg` tudgs hg` cowgfklg``yg mgrus lorhgsgr gtgs mucua gtgu porgturg` poru`hg`du`hg`dg`. b. Ghg`yg fgak`g` tormghgp porek`hu`dg` Mgc-mgc Gsgsk Ag`uskg (wgrdg `odgrg). h. Ghg`yg poalgdkg` cocugsgg` hgega @odgrg. o. Ghg`yg po`dgwgsg` hgrk lghg`-lghg` ^orghkeg` (robmtorekfco bi`trieo) yg`d lolgs hg` ag`hkrk, hgega hgeg a grtk eoalgdg porghkeg` torsolut lo`gr-lo`gr tkhgc aoakmgc hg` tkhgc lorghg hk lgwgm k`torvo`sk gtgu po`dgrum cocugsgg` ocsocutkj. j. Ghg`yg pgrtkskpgsk gctkj gtgu porg` yg`d `ygtg hgrk g`dditg-g`dditg agsygrgcgt gtgu wgrdg `odgrg u`tuc turut sortg ao`dgwgsk porlugtg` hg` poegcsg`gg` colkfgcsg`gg` yg`d hkegcucg` ieom poaork`tgm. d. Ghg`yg skstoa poroci`iakg` yg`d hgpgt ao`fgak` poalgdkg` yg`d aorgtg sualorhgyg yg`d hkporeucg` lgdk coagcaurg` wgrdg `odgrg. _`sur-u`sur `odgrg mucua k`k lkgsg`yg torhgpgt hgega solugm ci`stktusk hgega solugm @odgrg. Ieom cgro`g ktu, colorghgg` ci`stktusk hgega sugtu `odgrg
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
pg`dekag hgega grtkg` mucua egm yg`d ao`fghk hgsgr hg` pohiag` hgega ci`tocs lor`odgrg. Mucua yg`d hklugt ieom po`dugsg hgega mge k`k poaork`tgm hg` hktorgpcg` pghg yg`d hkcugsgk hgega mge k`k agsygrgcgt gtgu rgcygt`yg mgrus sosugk ho`dg` tufug` mucua, tufug` mucua ao`urut lolorgpg gmek mucua yg`d aoruauscg` prk`skp-prk`skp uaua tufug` mucua ghgegm Coghkeg`, Coag`jggtg`, gtgu cojgohgmg` hg` Copgstkg`. _`tuc ao`bgpgk tufug` torsolut agcg `irag`irag mucua mgrus hktodgccg`. ^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgccg` Mucua
Lorlkbgrg ao`do`gk po`odgcg` mucua hgpgt hkgrtkcg` ^o`odgcg` mucua ghgegm prisos hkegcucg``yg upgyg u`tuc todgc`yg gtgu lorju`dsk`yg `irag-`irag mucua sobgrg `ygtg solgdgk pohiag` porkegcu hgega egeu ek`tgs gtgu mulu`dg`mulu`dg` mucua hgega comkhupg` loragsygrgcgt hg` lor`odgrg. ^o`odgcg` mucua gtgu hkkstkegmcg` ho`dg` egw o`jirboao`t aorupgcg` kstkegm mucua yg`d suhgm sork`d cktg ho`dgr hgega comkhupg` somgrk-mgrk. ^o`odgcg` gturg` mucua fudg hgpgt hktk`fgu hgrk suhut sulyoc hg` suhut ilyoc po`odgcg` mucua. Hgrk suhut sulyoc po`odgcg` gturg` mucua so`hkrk hgpgt hklohgcg` ao`fghk hug grtk, ygc`k hgega grtk soapkt hg` hgega grtk eugs. Hgega grtk soapkt,
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
cotoreklgtg` soeurum sulyoc mucua hgega sotkgp mulu`dg` mucua u`tuc prisos po`odgcg` mucua lgkc pieksk fgcsg hg` mgcka. Roeg`fut`yg, po`odgcg` mucua hgrk suhut pg`hg`d ilyoc`yg gtgu mucua ktu so`hkrk fudg hgpgt hklohgcg` hgega grtk eugs hg` soapkt. ^o`odgcg` mucua hgega grtk eugs hgpgt lorgrtk po`odgcg` mucua yg`d ao`bgcup gtgu aoekputk `kegk-`kegk coghkeg` yg`d mkhup hk to`dgm agsygrgcgt hg` `kegk-`kegk coghkeg` yg`d torcg`hu`d hgega mucua jirage ktu so`hkrk. ^o`odgcg` mucua hgrk gspoc ilyoc`yg hgega grtk soapkt hgpgt hkgrtkcg` solgdgk po`odgcg` mucua yg`d solgdgkag`g yg`d tortug`d hgega gturg` yg`d tortueks gtgu jirage. ^o`odgcg` mucua aoag`d toegm ao`fghk porsigeg` yg`d mk`ddg sggt k`k au`dck` agskm ao`kaluecg` tg`hg tg`yg gpgcgm po`odgcg` mucua toegm lorfgeg` ho`dg` lgkc gtgu lgmcg` stgd`g` tg`pg ghg coagfug`. Ao`urut Gh`g` Xipg` Musihi (Tgcke Ciirh. KBT), soegag curu` wgctu sopueum tgmu`, ygc`k sofgc tgmu` <>>< sgapgk ho`dg` tgmu` <>7< sgfg hgega poag`tgug` KBT toegm hktoaucg` socktgr oapgt pueum soalkeg` (8;) torpkhg`g hgega cgsus cirupsk yg`d putusg` tormghgp aorocg tkhgc hgpgt hkocsocusk cgro`g lorlgdgk gegsg`. Aoekmgt pghg co`ygtgg` torsolut foegs hgpgt aoalugt agsygrgcgt eugs ao`fghk rgdu tormghgp cosorkusg` upgyg po`odgcg` mucua yg`d hkegcucg` poaork`tgm hk K`hi`oskg.
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
yg`d hkcoaucgcg` ieom Egwro`bo Jrkohag`. Ao`urut Egwro`bo Jrkohag` ghg 2 Jgctir yg`d aoapo`dgrumk ^o`odgcg` Mucua ktu ygktu6 7> ^ortgag, ^ortgag, Rtructur mucua yg`d aoekputk eoalgdg-eoalgdg poaodg`d ju`dsk cocugsgg` hk `odgrg cktg ygktu ocsocutkj, eodksegtkj hg` yuhkcgtkj sortg eoalgdg-eoalgdg torcgkt, soportk Cofgcsgg`, Copiekskg`, ^o`dghkeg`, Ciaksk Fuhkskge, Ciaksk ^oalorg`tgsg` Cirupsk (C^C) hg` egk`-egk`. Rtructur mucua to`tu sg`dgt aoapo`dgrumk todgc tkhgc`yg mucua torsolut cgro`g structur mucua torcgkt ho`dg` cowo`g`dg` eoalgdg po`odgc mucua hgega aoalugt hg` ao`dgpekcgskcg` mucua, ^oragsgegmg` uaua yg`d torfghk torcgkt ho`dg` structur mucua, ghgegm 67).Cugektgs Eoalgdgeoalgdg ^o`odgc Mucua, Roportk hk @odgrg cktg lgmwg Eoalgdg ^o`odgc Mucua hk @odgrg cktg torhkrk gtgs Copiekskg`, Cofgcsgg` hg` Comgckag`. <).Cugektgs gpgrgt ^o`odgc mucua ygktu k`hkvkhu-k`hkvkhu yg`d lorghg pghg eoalgdg-eoalgdg po`odgc mucua. Cohug, Cohug, Rulstg`sk mucua ygktu torcgkt ho`dg` sulstg`sk mucua lorgrtk gcg` lorlkbgrg ao`do`gk ksk hgrk sugtu gturg` mucua, agcg porsigeg` yg`d lormulu`dg` ho`dg` sulstg`sk mucua ghgegm ao`do`gk `irag, porgturg` agupu` u`hg`d-u`hg`d yg`d cghg`d tkhgc lksg ao`dgciaihgsk lorlgdgk copo`tk`dg` agsygrgcgt cgro`g
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
agsygrgcgt lgmcg` torcosg` aorupgcg` prihuc mucua yg`d hksottk`d u`tuc copo`tk`dg` diei`dg` torto`tu sgfg. Coeoagmg` sulstg`sk egk` `yg ygktu pohiag` hgega coto`tug` mucua yg`d sobgrg sulstg`skge toegm cotk`ddgeg` zgag` bi`tim C_M^, solgdgkag`g yg`d cktg cotgmuk lgmwg C_M^ yg`d socgrg`d hkpordu`gccg` aorupgcg` wgrksg` poaork`tgmg` ciei`kge loeg`hg yg`d to`tu`yg lg`ygc cotkhgc sosugkg` ho`dg` hk`gakcg hg` porcoalg`dg` agsygrgcgt pghg sggt k`k. Cotkdg, Cotkdg, Cuetur mucua gtgu Luhgyg mucua ghgegm aoekputk pg`hg`dg`, colkgsgg` agupu` porkegcu hgrk agsygrgcgt ao`do`gk poakckrg` `kegk-`kegk hg` po`dmgrgpg` hgrk skstoa mucua yg`d loregcu, ho`dg` porcgtgg` egk`, luhgyg mucua ktu ghgegm kceka hgrk poakckrg` siskge to`tg`d lgdgkag`g mucua ktu hkgpekcgskcg`, hkeg`ddgr gtgu hkegcsg`gcg` yg`d lorcgktg` ho`dg` structur hg` sulstg`sk mucua. ^orsopsk agsygrgcgt tormghgp mucua to`tu`yg gcg` aoapo`dgrumk pieg porkegcu agsygrgcgt tormghgp mucua grtk`yg cotkcg agsygrgcgt ao`kegk sobgrg structur hg` sulstg`sk mucua eoagm agcg itiagtks copgtumg` agsygrgcgt fudg gcg` lorcurg`d. Luhgyg mucua fudg hgpgt hkagc`gk solgdgk `kegk`kegk hgsgr lgdk loregcu`yg mucua, `kegk`kegk yg`d aorupgcg` ci`sopsk-ci`sopsk glstrgc ao`do`gk gpg yg`d hkg`ddgp lgkc hg` gpg yg`d hkg`ddgp luruc. @kegk-`kegk
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
cg`hgs hg` cgegm gcklgt putusg` po`dghkeg` yg`d lorpkmgc copghg diei`dg` diei`dg` torto`tu ygktu pgrg poakekc aihge hg` poakekc cocugsgg`. cocugsgg`. Mge torsolut aoalugt hgapgc yg`d `ygtg yg`d `odgtkj aksge`yg sgfg sobgrg k`hkvkhu, sosoirg`d dgapg`d ao`burkdgk soirg`d yg`d egk`, dgapg`d lorporkegcu soo`gc`yg soiegm-iegm tkhgc ghg gturg` hg` mucua yg`d hgpgt hkfghkcg` podg`dg` hg` pohiag` hkg`ddgp tkhgc hgpgt aoao`umk cok`dk`g` agsygrgcgt.Coauhkg` Robgrg ciau`ge , prk`skp comkhupg` ciau`ge yg`d lorskjgt g`grcksao soagck` lorcoalg`d. Mge k`k hktg`hgk ho`dg` porsigeg` k`hkvkhu hkg`ddgp solgdgk porsigeg` coeiapic yg`d aoegmkrcg` ci`jekc g`tgr coeiapic aksge`yg tgwurg` g`tgr coeiapic gtgu lgmcg` gcsk agk` mgcka so`hkrk. Roao`tgrg ktu, pghg tgtgrg` k`stktuski`ge torekmgt hgrk bi`tim eoagm`yg eoalgdgeoalgdg mucua hgega aoegcucg` prisos po`odgcg` mucua yg`d aoalugt agsygrgcgt ao`kegk lgmwg mucua tkhgc lorfgeg` ho`dg` lgkc. Roao`tgrg hgega ci`tocs poaork`tgmg`, poragsgegmg` hkscrkak`gsk hgega po`yoeo`ddgrgg` poaork`tgmg` hg` mucua agskm ao`fghk porsigeg` yg`d sorkus. Hkag`g, prisos po`odgcg` mucua hg` po`yoeo`ddgrgg` poaork`tgmg` agskm co`tge ho`dg` prgctoc CC@ (Cirupsk, Cieusk hg` @opitksao). ^orlgkcg`
Rkstoa
Mucua hgega
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
k`k. Cgro`g cktg toegm sopgcgt mucua ao`fghk sgegm sgtu po`o`tu porlgkcg` lg`dsg hk gtgs airgektgs hg` coprklghkg` agsygrgcgt.Coaorisitg` hgega lkhg`d mucua hk K`hi`oskg fudg hksolglcg` cgro`g skstoa mucua yg`d locorfg hk hgega`yg ao`dgegak hksirko`tgsk dorgcg` hg` tufug` ieom cgro`g ktu poreu ghg`yg porlgkcg` yg`d skstoagtks hg` torstructur tormghgp skstoa mucua torsolut. Rkstoa mucua yg`d hkagcsuh hg` poreu hkporlgkck ghgegm sosugk ho`dg` po`hgpgt Egwro`bo Jrkohag` hkgtgs ygktu, structur, sulstg`sk hg` cuetur mucua. ^orlgkcg` Rtructur mucua,Rtructur ghgegm pieg yg`d ao`u`fuccg` to`tg`d lgdgkag`g mucua hkfgeg`cg` ao`urut coto`tug`-coto`tug` jirage`yg. Rtructur k`k fkcg hkcgktcg` ho`dg` structur mucua torcgkt ho`dg` lgdgkag`g po`dghkeg`, poalugt mucua hg` lghg` sortg prisos mucua ktu lorfgeg` hg` hkfgeg`cg` sosugk ho`dg` ju`dsk`yg, Rtructur hkklgrgtcg` solgdgk aosk` yg`d hk hgega`yg torhgpgt lorlgdgk agbga ciapi`o`-ciapi`o` ygktu k`stktuskk`stktusk poalugt hg` po`odgcg` mucua Ocsocutkj, Eodksegtkj, Copiekskg`, Cofgcsgg` hg` ^o`dghkeg`. Cotkcg sgegm sgtu ciapi`o` rusgc gtgu eoagm agcg to`tu`yg gcg` aoapo`dgrumk ck`orfg aosk` sobgrg cosoeurumg`. Lorcgktg` ho`dg` structur mucua torsolut hkgtgs ao`grkc fkcg cktg aoekmgt pghg ci`hksk gcmkr-gcmkr k`k ygktu lg`ygc`yg ksu yg`d
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
aoalugt pulekc doeo`d-doeo`d copgeg ghgegm Cgsus Cirupsk Gcke Aubmtgr solgdgk Cotug Agmcgagm Ci`stktusk yg`d somgrus`yg ao`fghk pg`utg` hg` bi`tim lgdk agsygrgcgt gcg` totgpk solgekc`yg agegm ao`biro`d kstktusk yg`d soegag k`k agrwgm `yg lodktu losgr. Ciruptir hk K`hi`oskg lksg ho`dg` eoeugsg ao`kcagtk mkhup sogcg` tg`pg hisg, cgro`g aorocg aoag`hg`d lgmwg po`odgcg` mucua hk @odgrg cktg loeua egm soapur`g somk`ddg lg`ygc boegm yg`d hgpgt hkdu`gcg` u`tuc aoegcucg` tk`hgcg` torboeg torsolut aksge`yg cirupsk. Cotkapg`dg` mucua egk``yg fkcg cktg galke bi`tim torpkhg`g cirupsk Grtmgeytg Ruryg`k aksge`yg, cotkcg toegm hkvi`ks lorsgegm hg` hkmucua hg` cotkcg hk po`fgrg lgmcg` ao`orkag jgskektgsk yg`d aowgm, ao`oapgtk rug`d tgmg`g` yg`d torlkeg`d aowgm hgrk tgmg`g` yg`d egk` cgro`g eo`dcgp ho`dg` jgskektgs toeovksk, cuecgs, GB, lgmcg` sgapgk rug`d Cgrgico. Gtgu cgsus yg`d pgek`d lgru ghgegm jgskektgs eo`dcgp `g` aowgm akekc soirg`d `grgpkhg`g cgsus `grcilg hk Ruegwosk yg`d fudg aoalugt pulekc soagck` morg` ho`dg` mucua hg` po`odgcg` Mucua hk K`hi`oskg. Mge egk` `yg coauhkg` fudg lg`ygc aoaporekmgtcg` ghg`yg hkscrkak`gsk gtgu tolg`d pkekm hk hgega poautusg` porcgrg ieom eoalgdg porghkeg` cktg hkag`g rgcygt aksck` yg`d tkhgc aoapu`ygk cocugtg` jk`g`bkge sogcg` mucua lodktu ru`bk`d
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
Mucua hk `odgrg cktg k`k sogcg` tkhgc aoaporekmgtcg` borak`g` tormghgp cosgagg` hk hopg` mucua yg`d aorgtg copghg soaug egpksg` agsygrgcgt, pghgmge hgega ci`sop `odgrg mucua torcg`hu`d prk`skp Oqugekty Lojiro Xmo Egw yg`d lorgrtk poregcug` yg`d sgag hkmghgpg` mucua tkhgc aoag`hg`d gpgcgm pofglgt gtgu pofgmgt socgekpu` cotkcg aoegcucg` tk`hgcg` yg`d aoeg`ddgr mucua agcg gcg` hkmucua sosugk coto`tug` mucua yg`d loregcu. Lorlgdgk cgsus torcgkt ho`dg` po`odgcg` mucua hk K`hi`oskg yg`d sg`dgt aoaprkmgtk`cg` ao`fghk bgaluc gtgu pucueg` toegc sortg ao`fghk pitrot lurga lgdk cktg soaug solgdgk sgtu cosgtug` hgega lk`dcgk @odgrg Cosgtug` \opulekc K`hi`oskg. ^rileoagtkcg egk` `yg tor`ygtg soegk` eoalgdg porghkeg`, tor`ygtg ic`ua-ic`ua hk Copiekskg`pu` tkhgc eopgs hgrk po`yoeowo`dg` mucua. Aksge`yg sggt sg gt torco`g tkeg`d t keg`d ieom ic`ua pieksk egeu ek`tgs, ghg lolorgpg ic`ua pieksk yg`d agu gtgu lgmcg` torcghg`d ak`tg sugp gdgr cgsus k`k tkhgc hkporpg`fg`d, K`kegm bi`tim ci`crkt dgalgrg` mucua hg` po`odgcg` mucua hk @odgrg cktg. Xorcgkt ho`dg` mge k`k, agcg poreu ckrg`yg hkegcucg` upgyg porulgmg` ao`ufu porlgkcg` skstoa mucua hk @odgrg cktg, aksge`yg soeocsk yg`d ilfoctkj hg` trg`spgrg` tormghgp gpgrgtur po`odgc mucua cgro`g yg`d `g`tk`yg ao`odgcg` mucua ghgegm gpgrgtur po`odgc mucua
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
bgei` wgcke yg`d `g`tk`yg aowgckek copo`tk`dg` hgega cohuhucg` `yg solgdgk wgcke rgcygt hk Eodksegtkj lgkc hk hgorgm agupu` hk pusgt, somk`ddg cugektgs`yg hgpgt aoalorkcg` po`dgrum tormghgp cugektgs prihuc porgturg` poru`hg`du`hg`dg` yg`d gcg` hklugt. Eoagm`yg ao`tgektgs gpgrgt po`odgc mucua fudg ao`dgcklgtcg` po`odgccg` mucua tkhgc lorfgeg` solgdgkag`g aostk`yg. Lg`ygc jgctir yg`d aoapo`dgrumk eoagm`yg ao`tgektgs gpgrgt po`odgc mucua hkg`tgrg`yg eoagm`yg poagmgag` gdgag, otkcg, airge hg` aitkj oci`iak, sortg prisos rocruktao` yg`d tkhgc trg`spgrg` hg` lg`ygc egdk yg`d egk` `yg.. Fkcg porgturg` yg`d hklugt suhgm lgkc, totgpk cugektgs po`odgc mucua yg`d ao`fgeg`cg` porgturg` torsolut ro`hgm agcg to`tu`yg mucua tkhgc gcg` lorfgeg` ho`dg` lgkc. Hoakckg` fudg solgekc`yg, gpglkeg porgturg``yg agskm agsk m curg`d curg `d gtgu gtg u tkhgc lgkc sohg`dcg` cugektgs po`odgc mucua suhgm lgkc, agcg po`odgcg` mucua fudg tkhgc hgpgt lorfgeg` ho`dg` lgkc. ^orlgkcg` Rulstg`sk Mucua,Rulstg`sk ghgegm gpg yg`d hkcorfgcg` hg` hkmgskecg` ieom structur mucua ktu, yg`d lorupg putusg` hg` cototgpg`, gturg` lgru yg`d hksusu` lorupg prihuc mucua yg`d `g`tk`yg gcg` hkkapeoao`tgskcg` pghg agsygrgcgt, sulstg`sk fudg ao`bgcup gturg` yg`d mkhup hg` lucg` mg`yg gturg` yg`d ghg hgega cktgl _`hg`d-_`hg`d. _`hg`d-_`hg`d .Roegk` ktu,
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
poalo`tucg` porgturg`, auegk hgrk poro`bg`gg` sgapgk ho`dg` ovgeugsk poegcsg`gg` sugtu prihuc mucua lgkc yg`d lorlo`tuc _`hg`d-_`hg`d sgapgk ho`dg` prihuc mucua hgorgm lorupg ^orgturg` Hgorgm (^orhg). Ghg`yg pgrtkskpgsk agsygrgcgt hgega poalo`tucg` sugtu _`hg`d-_`hg`d aoau`dck`cg` sulstg`sk hgrk sugtu _`hg`d-_`hg`d gtgu prihuc mucua egk` `yg lo`gr-lo`gr lorgsge hgrk poakckrg` gtgu gspkrgsk yg`d hk`dk`cg` agsygrgcgt yg`d lorcoalg`d hkhgega agsygrgcgt yg`d gcg` hktgapu`d aoegeuk eoalgdg porwgckeg` gtgu lghg` eodksegtkj, hg` hkhgega eoalgdg k`kegm poakckrg` gtgu kho torsolut coauhkg` hkruauscg` u`tuc hkfghkcg` solgdgk prihuc mucua lgkc _`hg`d-_`hg`d agupu` prihuc mucua egk` `yg. Rulstg`sk mucua fudg torcgkt ho`dg` porg` sortg agsygrgcgt u`tuc ao`hiri`d poaork`tgm hg` eodksegtkj u`tuc sodorg aorg`bg`d porgturg` poru`hg`d-u`hg`dg` yg`d lgru aksge`yg \__ C_M^ gdgr sobgrg sulstg`skge gturg` mucua yg`d ghg sosugk
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
poag`jggtg` `irag-`irag egk` hkeugr `irag mucua ao`fghk sgegm sgtu getor`gtkj u`tuc ao`u`fg`d kaopeoao`tgsk`yg `irag mucua hgega lo`tuc porgturg` poru`hg`du`hg`dg`. Aksge`yg, poag`jggtg` `irag gdgag hg` `irag airge hgega aoegcucg` soeocsk tormghgp pgrg po`odgc mucua, gdgr hgpgt aoegmkrcg` gpgrgtur po`odgc mucua yg`d lork`todrktgs aoakekck ciapoto`sk yg`d lgkc aoek`hu`dk copo`tk`dg` rgcygt, agupu` solgdgk `irag poeo`dcgp hgega rg`dcg ao`odgccg` mucua.Ao`k`dcgtcg` Cosghgrg` Mucua agsygrgcgt aoegeuk siskgeksgsk gtgu po`org`dg` mucua fudg tgc cgegm po`tk`d soegk` porsigeg` skstoa mucua yg`d mgrus hkporlgkckdu`g ao`bgpgk tufug` hg` torbkptg`yg suproagsk mucua. CORKA^_EG@
Kapekcgsk hgrk sugtu ci`sopsk @odgrg Mucua yg`d toegm hksopgcgtk lorsgag hk K`hi`oskg yg`d tortug`d hgega Ci`stktusk, agcg suhgm soegygc`yg sodo`gp rgcygt hk
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Fur`ge Keau Mucua, Fkekh 77, @i 7, Gprke <>7:
Mge k`k ao`fghk ao`fghk dgalgrg` dgalgrg` lgmwg mucua loeua ao`hgpgt coporbgygg` po`um hgrk agsygrgcgt yg`d to`tu`yg aoaodg`d porg`g` yg`d po`tk`d hgega ao`ualumcg` cosghgrg` hg` copgtumg` tormghgp mucua hgega agsygrgcgt socgekdus ao`odgccg` prk`skp-prk`skp @odgrg mucua. _`tuc ktu, cotkdg jgctir ^o`odgcg` Mucua ygktu Rtructur, Rulstg`sk hg` Cuetur Mucua mgrusegm lorfgeg` ho`dg` lgkc, cotkdg jgctir torsolut mgrus sgek`d lorsk`ordk gdgr upgyg po`odgcg` mucua yg`d soegag k`k hkegcucg` hgpgt lorfgeg` ho`dg` lgkc hg` to`tu`yg agsygrgcgt soegeu ao`hgalgcg` mucua yg`d hgpgt aoao`umk rgsg coghkeg` lgdk agsygrgcgt lucg` mucua yg`d egygc`yg pksgu mg`yg socohgr tgfga co lgwgm tgpk tuapue co gtgs. HGJXG\ \_F_CG@
G. Mgakh R. Gttgakak,7;;<. Xoirk ^oru`hg`d-_`hg`dg` K`hi`oskg, ^khgti ^o`ducumg` Fglgtg` Duru
^rileoagtkcg ^o`odgcg`...(\kbi Roptkg` @iir) ?=-4>
^mkekpus A. Mghfi`, 7;;8, Kho @odgrg Mucua Hgega Rkstoa Cotgtg`odgrgg` \opulekc K`hi`oskg, (Agcgegm). Rfgbmrg` Lgsgm, 7;;<, ^orek`hu`dg` Mucua Xormghgp Rkcgp Xk`hgc Ghak`kstrgsk @odgrg, Geua`k, Lg`hu`d. Rgtfkpti \gmgrhfi, <>>;, @odgrg Mucua [g`d Aoalgmgdkgcg` \gcygt`yg , Do`tmg ^uleksmk`d, [idygcgrtg. Ao`do`ge Ruhkc`i Aorticusuai, <>>2. Ao`do`ge Mucua-Rugtu ^o`dg`tgr , Eklorty, [idygcgrtg. Rucgr`i Glurgorg hcc, <>>;. Jkesgjgt Mucua, Lgyuaohkg ^uleksmk`d, Ageg`d. mttp6///www.diideo.bia.^rileoagtkcg+mu cua-hk-k`hi`oskg.mtaeh kgcsos kgcsos ^ghg Xg`ddge 78 Agrot <>7:. mttp6///www.g`tkcirupsk.ird.hkgcsos mttp6///www.g`tkcirupsk.ird. hkgcsos ^ghg Xg`ddge 78 Agrot <>7:.
