BNP[FÐC KN ]QIVN@[IP DNQQITFHQFIP ]JHCFDF@H@FÐC, KFPNØI V @ICP[Q^@@FÐC
Auncis Hfrns, 2 kn hbisti kn 1=8?
Åckf`n ]jhcfdf`h`fðc, Kfsnøi y @icstru``fðc kn Jåcnhs kn Hjth Tnji`fkhk F.
(F)
Qnsnø Qnsnøh h ofst ofstðrf ðrf`h `h y sftuh sftuh`fð `fðc c h`tu h`tuhj hj kn jh Hjth Hjth Tnji`fk nji`fkhk hk
FF. Pn`tir Pn`tir Dnrri Dnrrivfh vfhrfi rfi Nsph Nsphøij øij.. Hbnct Hbnctns ns y Ehr`i Ehr`i Jnbh Jnbhjj FFF. ]jhcfdf` ]jhcfdf`h`fðc h`fðc bncnr bncnrhj hj nc Nsphøh Nsphøh y su nviju nviju`fðc `fðc FT. ]jhcfdf` ]jhcfdf`h`fðc h`fðc kn knthjjn. knthjjn. Nstukfi Nstukfi Fcdireh Fcdirehtfvi tfvi y KFH KFH T.
(FF)
Knsh Knshrr rrij ijji ji kn jis jis ]riy ]riyn` n`ti tis s
TF. @hsi @hsi ]rè`t ]rè`tf`i f`i77 JHT JHT Ehkrf Ehkrfk-J k-Jnv nvhct hctn n TFF. Qnsujth Qnsujthkis kis iatnc iatncfkis fkis TFFF.Entikijibåh TFFF.Entikijibåh AFE nc Hkfd
]ri`nsi
F. Qnsnøh ofstðrf`h y sftuh`fðc h`tuhj kn jh Hjth Tnji`fkhk nc Nsphøh
Hctn`nknctns kn jh Hjth Tnji`fkhk nc Nsphøh Pftuh`fðc knj dnrri`hrrfj nsphøij nc jis Høis 2= y ?=7 -Kn`hknc`fh -80.=== le kn rnk -]ærkfkh kn trèdf`i y uch knbrhkh`fðc kn jh sftuh`fðc dfchc`fnrh kn jh `iephøåh -@ie -@iepn pntn tnc` c`fh fh kn knjj trhc trhcsp spir irtn tn pir pir `hrr `hrrnt ntnr nrh h -]jhct hctnhe nhefnctis kn `fnr `fnrrn rn kn jåcnhs kn ns`h ns`hsi si trèdf rèdf`i `i
Nj fepujsi y jh rn`upnrh`fðc knj dnrri`hrrfj sn fah h priku`fr h trhvæs knj knshrrijji kn cunvhs jåcnhs kn hjth vnji`fkhk prfc pr fc`f `fph phje jenc nctn tn y jh ei eikn knrc rcfz fzh` h`fð fðc c kn jåcn jåcnhs hs `icv `icvnc nc`f `fic ichj hjns ns..
Qnsnøh ofstðrf`h kn jh Hjth Tnji`fkhk nc Nsphøh Høis 2=
Høis 1===
862> ]rfenr priyn`ti Hjth Tnji`fkhk Ehkrfk-Ahr`njich
1==0 ]unsth nc snrvf`fi Ehkrfk-Jjnfkh 1==> ]unsth nc snrvf`fi Ehkrfk-[ijnki 1==4 ]unsth nc snrvf`fi Jjnfkh-[hrrhbich y @ðrkiah-Hctnqunrh
1==2 ]unsth nc snrvf`fi Hctnqunrh-Eèjhbh y Ehkrfk-Thjjhkijfk
Høis ?= ]riyn`ti y Iarh JHT Ehkrfk-Pnvfjjh
1==? ]unsth nc snrvf`fi [hrrhbich-Ahr`njich 1=8= ]unsth nc Pnrvf`fi Cunvi H``nsi Dnrrivfhrfi h Jnvhctn Ehkrfk-Thjnc`fh y Ehkrfk-Hjah`ntn
1=8= ]unsth nc snrvf`fi kn jis trheis EijjntBfrich y Dfbunrns-]nrpfbchc
1=88 ]unsth nc snrvf`fi Iurncsn-Phctfhbi 1=80 ]unsth nc snrvf`fi Ehkrfk-Hjf`hctn 1=8> ]unsth nc snrvf`fi7
Høis 6=
-Ngn Htjèctf`i Phctfhbi kn @iepistnjh-Tfbi -Pnvfjjh-@èkfz
8661 Fchuburh` Fchuburh`fðc fðc
-JHT Thjjhkijfk-]h Thjjhkijfk-]hjnc`fh-Jnðc jnc`fh-Jnðc
HTN Ehkrfk‐Pnvfjjh
-Ijenki-Wheirh (JHT Ehkrfk-Bhjf`fh)
-1=8? ]unsth nc snrvf`fi Thjnc`fh-@hstnjjðc
Oftis kn jh Hjth Tnji`fkhk nc Nsphøh
[rhahgis nc `ursi
FF. Pn`tir Dnrrivfhrfi Nsphøij. Hbnctns y Ehr`i Jnbhj.
]rfc`fphjns hbnctns knj ]ri`nsi Pn`tir Dnrrivfhrfi nc Nsphøh Pn`tir ]÷ajf`i
Pn`tir ]rfvhki
BIAFNQCI KN NP]HØH HKEFCFP[QHKIQ KN FCDQHNP[Q^@[^QHP DNQQITFHQFHP EFCFP[NQFI KN DIENC[I
HKEFCFP[QHKIQ KN FCDQ. DNQQITFHQFHP KN HJ[H TNJI@FKHK -
Pn`rnthråh kn Nsthki kn Fcdrhnstru`turhs [rhcspirtn y Tfvfnckh Pn`rnthråh Bncnrhj kn Fcdrhnstru`turhs
-
Knshrrijji y hpriah`fðc kn jis priyn`tis (dhsn kn Kfsnøi). @icstru``fðc y Qncivh`fðc kn jh rnk dnrrivfhrfh Bnstfðc kn jh Ipnrh`fðc y nj Ehctncfefncti Bnstfðc kn jh @hph`fkhk y `iari knj @hcic
FCBNCFNQÅH, @ICP^J[IQÅH, NE]QNPHP @ICP[Q^@[IQHP @ICP[Q^@[IQ HP V KN P^EFCFP[QIP
Kndfcn jh pijåtf`h, rnbujh`fðc y pjhcns dnrrivfhrfis
Puakfrn``fðc Bncnrhj kn ]jhcfdf`h`fðc Dnrrivfhrfh
Knshrrijjh, puajf`h y hprunah tikis jis Nstukfis ]rnjfefchrns n Fcdirehtfvis (dhsn kn pjhcfdf`h`fðc)
QNCDN TFHGNQIP
QNCDN ENQ@HC@ÅHP
HBNC@FH NP]HØIJH KN PNB^QFKHK DNQQITFHQFH
P^]NQTFPFÐC KNJ PN@[IQ
@ic`nkn jis pnrefsis h jhs `iephøåhs dnrrivfhrfhs
@IE]HØÅHP DNQQITFHQFHP ]QFTHKHP
Pðji snrvf`fis kn enr`hc`åhs ]ricti, snrvf`fis kn phshgnris
Ehr`i Jnbhj JNV KNJ PN@[IQ DNQQITFHQFI (JPD Jny 06/1==0- Jny 0?/1=8>), knshrrijjhkh pir nj Qnbjhencti Qnbjhencti knj Pn`tir Dnrrivfhrfi (Q.K. 10?2/1==;)
Fc`irpirh Kfrn`tfvhs Nuripnhs
Qnbujh
- Pnphrh`fðc Fcdrhnstru`turh Pnrvf`fis - Jf Jf`n `nc` c`fh fhss - @h @hph ph`f `fkh khk k - Fctnr Fctnripnrh ipnrhafjfk afjfkhk hk
- Qnk Dnrrivfhrfh kn Fctnræs bncnrhj ]jhcfdf`h`fðc ]riyn`ti y @icstru``fðc Ehctncfefncti y Nxpjith`fðc
- Hbnctns knj Pn`tir dnrrivfhrfi HKFD QNCDN-Ipnrhkirh Neprnshs Dnrrivfhrfhs ]rfvhkhs
- Qæbfenc kn7 Jny kn irknch`fðc kn jis [rhcspirtns [nrrnstrns (JI[[, Jny 84/86?2 knshrrijjhkh pir nj QJI[[, Q.K. 8188/866= y Q.K. 811>/=4 pir nj qun sn eikfdf`h).
Jny kn nvhjuh`fðc kn Feph`ti Heafncthj (Qnhj Kn`rnti Jnbfsjhtfvi 8/1==?, kn 88 kn ncnri. Jny 4/1=8= kn 1; kn ehrzi, Jny
Pnburfkhk N`icðef`i y [rfauthrfi Fcspn``fðc y Phc`ficns Qnbujh itris hspn`tis
ci fc`jufkis nc jh Jny knj Pn`tir Dnrrivfhrfi
- @hph`fkhk7 Kn`jhrh`fðc kn Qnk Hkgukf`h`ficns
Nsthajn`n pri`nkfefn pri`nkfefncti cti phrh bhrhctfzhr jh vfhafjfkhk heafncthj , kn direh prnvfh h rnhjfzh`fðc/hutir rnhjfzh`fðc/hutirfzh`fðc fzh`fðc kn iarhs, fcsthjh`ficns y h`tfvfkhkns
Ehr`i Jnbhj Kndfcf`ficns Aèsf`hs
Fcdr Fc drhn hnst stru ru`t `tur urh h dn dnrr rriv ivfh fhrf rfh h (k (kns nshr hrri rijj jjhk hki i nc QP QPD D hr hrt. t. 0. 0.8) 8) [ith thjf jfkh khk k kn ji jis s njnenctis vfc`ujhkis h jhs våhs prfc`fphjns y h jhs kn snrvf`fis, y h jis rheh rh ehjns jns kn kn knsv svfh fh`f `fðc ðc ph phrh rh ph phrt rtf` f`ujh ujhrn rns s, `ic nx`np`fðc kn jh jhs s våh åhs s sft ftu uhkhs knctri kn jis thjj th jjn nrn rns s kn rnp nphr hrh h`f `fð ðc kn eh ehtn tnrf rfh hj rik ikhc hcttn y kn ji jis s kn knpð pðsf sfti tis s i bh bhrrhgn gns s kn knjj ef efse sei i.
Qnk Dnrrivfhrfh kn Fctnræs Bncnrhj (QDFB) (Knshrrijjhki nc QPD hrt. ;)
Fctnbrhkh pir jhs fcdrhnstru`turhs dnrrivfhrfhs qun rnsujtnc nsnc`fhjns phrh bhrrhc bh hctf tfz zhr uc sfs fstn tneh eh `i `ie e÷c kn tr trhc hcsp spi irt rtn n dnrr rri ivfh fhrrfi nc tiki nj tnrrftirfi knj Nsthki i `uyh hkefcfstrh`fðc `icgucth rnsujtn cn`nshrfh phrh nj `irrn`ti duc` du c`fi fich chef efnc ncti ti kn th thjj sf sfst stne neh h `i `ie÷ e÷c c kn tr trhc hcsp spir irtn tn,, `i `iei ei77 - Jh Jhs s vf vfc` c`uj ujhk hkhs hs h ji jis s ft ftfc fcnr nrhr hrfi fis s kn tr trèd èdf` f`i i fc fctn tnrc rch` h`fi fich chj. j. - Jhs qun ncjh`nc jhs kfstfcths `ieucfkhkns hutðciehs y sus `icnxficns y h``nsis h jis prfc`fphjns c÷`jnis kn piajh`fðc y kn trhcspirtn i h fcst fc sthj hjh` h`fi ficn cns s ns nsnc nc`f `fhj hjns ns ph phrrh jh n` n`ic icie ieåh åh i jh kn kndn dncs csh h ch ch`f `fic ichj hj.. Jh fc`jusfðc i nx`jusfðc kn fcdrhnstru`turhs dnrrivfhrfhs nc jh QDFB knanrè snr hpriahkh pir nj Efcfstnrfi kn Diencti, prnvfi fcdiren kn jhs @ieucfkhkns hdn`thkhs.
Ehr`i Jnbhj Kndfcf`ficns Aèsf`hs
Jåc Jå cnh dn dnrrri rivf vfhr hrffh (kns nshr hrri rijjjhk hki i nc QPD hr hrtt. 0)
]hrtn kn jh fcdrhnstru`turh dnrrivfhrfh qun ucn kis puctis kntnrefchkis knj tnrrftirfi y qun nstè fctnbrhkh pir jis sfbufnctns njnenctis7 pjhthdireh kn jh våh, supnrnstru`turh `iei `hrrfjns y `ictrh`hrrfjns, trhvfnshs y ehtnrfhj kn sugn`fðc, iarhs `fvfjns `iei punctns, vfhku`tis y t÷cnjns n fcsthjh`ficns kn njn`trfdf`h`fðc, kn snøhjfzh`fðc, snburfkhk y kn tnjn`ieucf`h`fðc kn jh våh, `he hefc fcis is kn snr nrvf vf`f `fi i y ji jis s nj njn nen enct cti is qun pn pnrref efttnc nj hj hjue uea arhk hki i. -
Pn `ic `icsfkn sfknrh rhc c Jåc Jåcnh nhs s Dn Dnrr rriv ivfh fhrf rfhs hs kn Hj Hjth th Tnj nji` i`fk fkhk hk77 Jhs jå Jhs jåcn cnhs hs ns nspn pn`f `fhj hjen enct ctn n `i `ics cstr truf ufkh khs s phr phrh jh hj hjth th vnj nji i`f `fkh khk, k, nq nquf ufph phkh khs s ph phrrh vnji ji` `fk fkhk hkn ns, pir ji bnc ncn nrhj hj,, fb fbuh uhjn jns s i su supn pnrrfi firn rns s h 1> 1>= = le/o /o.. Jhs jåc åcn nhs nspn`fhje jen nctn h`ickf`fichkhs phrh jh hjth vnji ji` `fkhk nqufp fph hkhs phrrh vnj ph nji i`f `fkh khkn kns s kn knjj irk rkn nc kn 1== le/ e/o. o. Jhs jå Jhs jåcn cnh hs nsp spn n`fh fhje jen nct ctn n h`i `ic ckf kf` `fi fic chk hkhs hs phr hrh h jh hjt jth h vnji ji`f `fk khk hk,, kn `hr `hrè` è`ttnr nspn`ådf`i, knafki h kfdf`ujthkns tipibrèdf`hs, kn rnjfnvn i kn nctirci urah ur ahci ci `u `uy yh vnj nji` i`fk fkhk hk kn knan anrè rè hg hgus usth thrs rsn n `h `hsi si pi pirr `h `hsi si..
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Pn `ic `icsfkn sfknrh rhc c Jåcnhs Dnr Dnrrivf rivfhrfhs hrfhs `icv `icvnc`fi nc`fichjns chjns77 Jhs qun, nsthcki fctnbrhkhs nc jh Qnk Dnrrivfhrfh kn Fctnræs Bncnrhj, ci
Ehr`i Jnbhj QNHJ KN@QN[I JNV 8>/1=80 kn 80 kn kf`fnearn siarn rnnstru`turh`fðc kn jh nctfkhk p÷ajf`h neprnshrfhj HKFD y itrhs enkfkhs urbnctns nc nj irknc n`icðef`i Kfspisf`ficns
HKFDHKFD- Hjth Tnji`fkhk - @rnh`fðc `iei nctfkhk p÷ajf`h neprnshrfh neprnshrfhjj - Efsei @icsngi @icsngi kn Hkefcfstrh`fðc Hkefcfstrh`fðc - Efse Efsei i ]rnsfknctn ]rnsfknctn - Efsei Pn`rnthrfi Pn`rnthrfi knj @icsngi
NP[H[^[I KN HKFD-HJ[H TNJI@FKHK Qnhj Kn`rnti 8=;;/1=80 Kn 12 kn kf`fnearn
QNPIJ^@FICNP KN ]QNPFKNC@FH
Fepjf`h jh eikfdf`h`fðc knj Nsthtuti kn HKFD, qun rn`ibn
nj efsei Qnhj Kn`rnti
- Qnk Dnrrivfhrfh Hjth Tnji`fkhk [ftujhrfkhk ]riyn`ti y @icstru``fðc Ehctncfefncti y Nxpjith`fðc - H`tfvis Kndfcfkis Irknc ]QN/1;;0/1=80 kn 12 kf`fnearn Ndn`tis Ndn`ti s rntritrhfki rntritrhfkis s 8 kn ncnri kn 1=80 Fcdrhnstru`turhs, nsth`ficns, dfarh ðptf`h, nt` - ]nrsichj7 Qnjh`fichki nc Irknc DIE/1;0?/1=80 ]ri`nknctn kn HKFD Ehctfncnc hctfbúnkhk y ræbfenc - Qnjh`fðc `ic HKFD7 @icvncfis kn prnsth`fðc kn snrvf`fis sn rvf`fis Dh`turh`fðc rn`åpri`h kn nsis snrvf`fis
Nsthajn`nc jh nstru`turh kn HKFD-Hjth Tnji`fkhk, nj ciearhefncti kn sus tftujhrns, jh knsfbch`fðc knj rnspicshajn kn jh Pnburfkhk nc jh @fr`ujh`fðc, jh cirehtfvh fctnrch, knjnbh`ficns kn `iepntn c`fhs, nt`.
FFF. ]jhcfdf`h`fðc Bncnrhj y su nviju`fðc ofstðrf`h
]jhcfdf`h`fðc Bncnrhj ]jhcns Bncnrhjns
Nj Efcfs fcfsttnrfi rfi kn Diencti cti prnphrh jh pjhcfdf`h`fðc bncnrhj, nc `iirkfch`fðc `ic jhs Hkef Hk efcf cfst strrh`fi h`ficn cns s Qnb nbfi fich chjn jns s y Ji`h Ji`hjn jns, s, h trhv trhvæs æs kn ]jhcns ]jhcns Bncn Bncnrhj rhjns ns, kickn ickn hphr phrn`nc `nc pir prfe rfenrh nrh vnz jis jis `irr `irrnk nki irns rns kn uc uch h jåc jåcnh. nh.
@uhc @uhcki ki nstè nstè ph`t ph`thk hki i pijå pijåtf tf`h `hen enct ctn, n, nj Efcf Efcfst stnr nrfi fi ji sien sientn tn h fcdireh`fð fcdireh`fðc c p÷ajf`h p÷ajf`h
Nc nstn pri`nsi kn `icsujth sn punknc priku`fr hjnbh`ficns qun sn punknc tncnr nc `unc `uncth th.. @ic @ic jhs jhs eikf eikfdf df`h `h`f `fic icns ns qun qun sn h`un h`unrk rknc nc,, nj ]jhc sn hprunah
Nj prfenr phsi feprns`fckfajn phrh tiehr jh kn`fsfðc kn `icstrufr uch cunvh Jåcnh kn Hjth Tnji`fkhk ns fc`jufrjh nc jh pjhcfdf`h`fðc bncnrhj
]jhcfdf`h`fðc Bncnrhj ]jhc kn [rhcspirtn Dnrrivfhrfi ][D 86?2
]jhcfdf`h`fðc Bncnrhj ]jhc Kfrn`tir kn Fcdrhnstru`turhs ]KF 8660-1==2
]jhcfdf`h`fðc Bncnrhj ]jhc kn Fcdrhnstru`tur Fcdrhnstru`turhs hs kn [rhcspirtn ]F[ 1===-1==2 1=== -1==2
]jhcfdf`h`fðc Bncnrhj ]jhc Nstrhtæbf`i kn Fcdrhnstru`turhs kn [rhcspirtn ]NF[ 1==>-1=1=
]jhcfdf`h`fðc Bncnrhj ]F[TF 1=81-1=1;
Fcvnrsficns prfirfthrfhs7 trhahgis nc `ursi
]jhcfdf`h`fðc Bncnrhj ]jhcfdf`h`fðc Nuripnh
FT. ]jhcfdf`h`fðc kn Knthjjn. Nstukfi Fcdirehtfvi y Kn`jhrh`fðc kn Feph`ti Heafncthj (KFH)