Pre Engineered Buildings
1. INTRODUCTION
Techno Technolog logica icall improv improveme ement nt over over the year has contri contribut buted ed immen immensel sely y to the enhancement of quality of life through various new products and services. One such revolution was the pre engineered buildings. Through its origin can be traced back to 1960’s its potential has been felt only during the recent years. This was mainly due to the development in technology, which helped in computerizing the design and design. Though initially only off the shelf products were available in these configurations aided by the technological development tailor made solutions are also made using this technology technology in very short durations. durations. A recent survey by the Metal Building Building Associations Associations (MBMA) shows that about 60% of the non residential low rises building in USA are pre engineered buildings. Although PEB systems are extensively used in industrial and many other non reside residenti ntial al constr construct uction ionss world world wide, wide, it is relati relativel vely y a new concept concept in India. India. These These concepts were introduced to the Indian markets lately in the late 1990’s with the opening up of the economy and a number of multi nationals setting up their projects. The market potential of PEB’s is 1.2 million tones per annum. The current pre engineered steel building manufacturing capacity is 0.35 million tones per annum. The industry is growing at the compound rate of 25 to 30 %. With respect to design of the structure and aesthetic appearance India is way behind. Indian manufacturers are trying to catch up; comparatively PEB’s is a new concept in India. Beside, in fabrication and other areas of PEB India is very good. As compared to other countries Indian codes for building design are stringent but safer. IS standards are upgraded continuously. In India, American codes are also followed.
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Pre engineered steel buildings can be fitted with different structural accessories including including mezzanine mezzanine floors, canopies, fascias, interior interior partitions partitions etc. and the building building is made water proof by use of special mastic beads, filler strips and trims. This is very versatile buildings systems and can be finished internally to serve any functions and accesso accessoriz rized ed extern externall ally y to achieve achieve attrac attracti tive ve and unique unique design designing ing styles styles.. It is very very advanta advantageo geous us over over the conventio conventional nal buildi buildings ngs and is reall really y helpfu helpfull in the low rise building design. Pre engineered buildings are generally low rise buildings however the maximum eave height can go upto 25 to 30 metres. Low rise buildings are ideal for offices, houses, showrooms, shop fronts etc. The application of pre engineered buildings concept to low rise buildings is very economical and speedy. Buildings can be constructed in less than half the normal time especially when complemented with the other engineered sub systems. The most common and economical type of low rise buildings is a building with ground floor and two intermediate floor plus roof. The roof of low rise buildings may be flat or sloped. Intermediate floors of low rise buildings are made of mezzanine systems. Single storied houses for living take minimum time for construction and can be built in any type of geographical location like extreme cold hilly areas, high rain prone areas, plain land obviously and extreme hot climatic zones as well.
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2. BUILDING COMPONENTS
1. Prim Primee Stee Steell Fram Framing ing Syste Systems ms
We can can desi design gn prim primee stee steell fram framin ing g syst system emss acco accord rdin ing g to the the prov provid ided ed specifications for type, height, width, bay spacing and other parameters. These prime steel framing systems are constructed using premium quality, high grade steel plates with minimum yield strength ranging from 245MPa to 345MPa. The steel plates are painted with a minimum of 25 Microns DFT of red oxide primer. Each steel structural framing system is designed by experienced engineers and manufactured to precision tolerances under rigid quality controlled plant conditions. Some of common primary steel structural framing systems include:
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Clear Span (CS)
Building without interior columns - maximum practical width = 80 m
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Single Slope (SS)
Building without interior columns - maximum practical width = 50 m
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Multi-Span “1” (MS-1)
Building with one interior column - maximum practical module width = 70 m
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Multi-Span “2” (MS-2)
Building with two interior columns - maximum practical module width = 70 m
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Multi-Span “3” (MS-3)
Building with three interior columns - maximum practical module width = 70 m
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Multi-Gable (MG)
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Maximum practical module width = 80 m
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Roof System (RS)
Maximum practical width = 30 m
2. Secondary Systems
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Secondary structural steel framing system refers to purlins, girts, eave struts, wind bracing, flange bracing, base angles, clips and other miscellaneous structural parts. Some common examples are structures like typical "Z" section, typical "C" section, eave strut, etc. The secondary structural steel framing system is available in 1.5 mm to 3 mm thickness with a minimum yield strength of 245 to 345 MPa. The structures are made of imported imported steel and are factory painted painted with a minimum minimum of 15 microns DFT of red oxide primer.
Purlins, girts and eave struts are secondary structural members used to support the wall and roof panels. panels. Purlins Purlins are used on the roof; girts girts are used on the walls and eave struts are used at the intersection of the sidewall and the pump the pump stations. stations. Secondary members have two other functions: they act as struts that help in resisting part of the longitudinal loads that are applied on the building such as wind and earthquake loads, and they provide lateral bracing to the compression flanges of the main frame members thereby increasing frame capacity.
3. Coated Steel Sheet Products
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Coated steel sheet products have many attributes that make them suitable for diverse use in construction industry. These colours coated steel sheets and coated wall panels provide a combination of strength formability, jointability, paintability and economy. Colour coated sheets provide excellent resistance to corrosion and hence has become the most preferred material for a wide range of construction uses, particularly roofing and walling.
Coated steel sheets make a unique building material. These colours coated steel sheets combines the strength of steel with corrosion protection of zinc or zinc/aluminum alloy coatings. These colour coated sheets can be punched, pressed, roll-formed and joined into a number of structural and decorative building components.
4. Decking Sheets Flordec Sheets (Corrugated Sheet for Composite Floor)
Flordec decking sheets are composite floor systems, constructed with cold-rolled corrugated steel decking covered with concrete. These advanced steel floor decks are designed to provide an impact and abrasion resistant surface on concrete subject to extreme wear and tear. The formulation of floor decking sheets is self-leveling and ideal for use in material distribution facilities, warehouses, assembly plants etc.
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Thes Thesee stee steell deck deck shee sheets ts have have a unifi unified ed bond bond with with all all the the chara charact cter eris isti tics cs of tradit traditiona ionall reinfo reinforce rced d concret concrete, e, where where the deckin decking g sheet, sheet, after after having having perfor performed med the function of frame work, acts as a metal reinforcement. Appropriate crop ends in these steel deck sheets are provided to absorb the negative moments.
Insulation (PEBI) Description Pre-Enginee Pre-Engineered red Building Building Insulati Insulation on (PEBI) (PEBI) is a highly efficient, efficient, lightweight lightweight,, strong resilient and easy to handle flexible blanket insulation composed of fine, stable and uniformly textured inorganic glass fibers bonded together by a non-water soluble and fire-retardant thermosetting resin. It is free from coarse fibers and shot due to its mineral composition.
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3. DESIGN OF PRE ENGINEERED BUILDINGS
The main framing of PEB systems is analyzed by the stiffness matrix method. The design is based on Allowable Stress Design (ASD) as per the American Institute of Steel Construction specification or the IS 800. The design program provides an economic and efficient design of the main frames and allows the user to utilize the program in different modes modes to produ produce ce the the fram framee desi design gn geom geomet etry ry and and load loadin ing g and and the the desir desired ed load load combinations as specified by the building code opted by the user. The program operates through through the maximum number of cycles specified specified to arrive arrive at an acceptable design. The program uses the stiffness matrix method to arrive at an acceptable acceptab le design. The program uses the stiffness matrix method to arrive at the solution of displacements and forces. The strain strain energy method is adopted to calculate the fixed end moments, stiffness stiffness and carry over factors. Numerical integration is used. Design Cycle
The design cycle consists of the following steps: 1. Set up section sizes and brace locations based on the geometry and loading specified for the frame design. 2. Calc Calcul ulat atee mome moment nt,, shear shear,, and axial axial forc forcee at each each anal analys ysis is point point for for each each load load combination. 3. Compute allowable shear, allowable axial and allowable bending stress in compression and tension at each analysis point. 4. Compute the corresponding stress ratios for shear, axial and bending based on the actual and allowable stresses and calculate the combined stress ratios. 5. Design the optimum splice location and check to see whether the predicted sizes confirm to manufacturing constraints. 6. Using the web optimization mode, arrive at the optimum web depths for the next cycle and update the member data file. 7. At the end of o f all design cycles, an analysis is run to achieve flange brace optimization.
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Frame Geometry
The program has the capability capab ility to handle different types of frame geometry as follows: Frames of different types viz. rigid frames, frames with multiple internal columns, single slope frames, lean to frames etc. Frames with varying spans, varying heights and varying slopes etc. Frames with different types of supports viz. pinned supports, fixed supports, sinking supports, supports with some degrees of freedom released. Unsymmetrical frames with off centric, unequal modules, varying slopes etc. User specified purlin and girt spacing and flange brace location. Frame Loading
Frame design can handle different types of loadings as described below: All the building dead loads due du e to sheeting, purling, etc. and the self weight of the frame. Imposed live load on the frame with tributary reductions as well. Collateral Collateral load such as false ceiling, ceiling, light fixtures, fixtures, AC ducting ducting loads, loads, sprinkler sprinkler systems and many other suspended loads of similar nature.
Wind loads input such as basic wind speed or basic wind pressure that will be converted to deign wind pressure as per the building code specified by the user and shall be applied to the different members of the building according to the coefficients mentioned in the codes prescribed by the user. The standard building codes like MBMA, UBC, ANSI, IS: 875 part 3 etc are used fro this purpose.
Crane and non crane loading can be specified by the user and the program has the capabil capability ity to handle handle these these specia speciall loads loads and combine combine them them with with the other loads loads as required.
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Seis Seismi micc load loadss corr corres espo pondi nding ng to the the diff differ erent ent zone zone cate categor gorie iess of vario various us internation international al codes can also be defined and combined combined with other load cases as required. Temperature loads can also be specified in the form of different differential temperature value on centigrade and specifying the appropriate coefficient for the thermal expansion. Load combinations with appropriate load factors can be specified by the user as desired.
Design Codes
Following are the main design codes generally used: AISC: American institute of steel construction manual AISI: American iron and steel institute specifications MBMA: Metal building manufacturer’s code ANSI: American national standards institute specifications ASCE: American society of civil engineers UBC: Uniform building code IS: Indian standards Latest International Codes & Deflection
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Design Criteria
DESIGN METHOD: Allowable stress design method is used as per the AISC specifications. DEFLECTIONS: Unless otherwise specified, the deflections will go to MBMA, AISC criteria and standard industry practices. PRIMARY FRAMING: Moment resisting frames with pinned or fixed bases. SECONDARY FRAMING: Cold formed Z sections or C sections for purlins or girts designed as continuous beams spanning over rafters and columns with laps. LONGITUDANAL STABILITY: Wind load on building end walls is transferred through roof purlins to braced bays and carried to the foundations through diagonal bracing. DESIGN SOFTWARE The latest software that is used for design is STAAD 2007.
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4. ERECTION SYSTEM •
Preparation for Erection
1. Pre Pre Erec Erecti tion on che check ckss 2. Receiv Receiving ing Materi Materials als at site site 3. Unlo Unload adin ing g Cont Contai ainer nerss
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Erection of the Framing
1. 2. 3. 4.
Prepa Prepara rati tion on of the the Firs Firstt Bay Bay Main fr frames Mezz Mezzan anin inee floo floors rs Crane Beams
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Sheeting & Trimming
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Shee Sheeti ting ng prep prepar arat atio ion n Shee Sheeti ting ng the the wal walls ls Shee Sheeti ting ng the the roo roofs fs Misc Miscel ella laneo neous us trim trimmi ming ngss Fascia
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5. PRE ENGINEERED BUILDING vs CONVENTIONAL STEEL BUILDINGS
PROPERTY
PEB BUILDINGS
CONVENTIONAL BUILDINGS
STEEL
STRUCTURE WEIGHT
Pre engi ngineere ered buildings are onPri Primar mary stee steell mem member bers are are the average 30% lighter because of selected hot rolled “T” sections. the efficient use of steel. Primary Which are, in many segments of framing members are tapered builtthe members heavier than what up section. With the large depthsis actually required by design? in areas of higher stress. Member Memberss have constan constantt cross cross section regardless of the varying magnitude of the local stresses along the member length.
Seco Seconda ndary ry memb member erss are are ligh lightt Secondary members are selected weight roll formed “Z” or “C” from standard hot rolled shaped members. sections which are much heavier. DESIGN
DELIEVERY FOUNDATIONS
Quick and efficient: since PEB’sEach conventional steel are are main mainly ly form formed ed by stan standa dard rdstru struct ctur uree is des designe igned d form orm secti sections ons and connect connection ionss design design,,scratch with fewer design aids time is significantly reduced. Basicavailable to the engineer. desi design gn base based d on inte intern rnat atio iona nall desi design gn code codess are are used used over over and over. Specia Specializ lized ed comput computer er analys analysis is Subs Substa tant ntia iall engi engine neer erin ing g and and design progr ograms opt optimize detailing work is required from materi material al requir required. ed. Draft Drafting ing is the very basic is required by the also computerized using consu consult ltant ant with with fewe fewerr desi design gn standa standard rd detail detail that that minimi minimizes zes aids. the use of project custom details. Design shop detail sketches and Extensive amount of consultant erection erection drawings drawings are supplied supplied time is devoted to the alterations free of cost by the manufacturer. that have to be done. Appr Approv oval al draw drawin ing g is usua usuall lly y prepared within in 2 weeks. PEB design designers ers design design and detail detailAs each project is a new project PEB buildings almost every day of engin engineer eerss need need more more time time to the year resulting in improving thedevelop the designs and details quality of designs every time theyof the unique structure. work Average 6 to 8 weeks Average 20 to 26 weeks Simple de d esign, ea e asy to t o co c onstructExte Extens nsiv ive, e, heavy heavy found foundat atio ion n
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and light weight. required. ERECTION SIMPLICITY Since the connection of The connect connection ionss are normal normally ly compounds is standard thecompl complic icat ated ed and and diff differ er from from learning curve of erection for each project to project resulting tin subsequent project is faster. increasing the time for erection of the buildings. Periodic free of charge erection There has to be separate is prov provid ided ed at the the site site by the the allo alloca cati tion on of labo labour ur for for the the manufacturer. purpose of erection. EREC ERECTI TION ON COST COST AND AND Both costs and time of erection areTypi Typica call lly, y, conve convent ntio ional nal steel steel TIME accu accura rate tely ly know known n base based d upon upon buildings are 20% more extensive experience with similar expensive than PEB in most of buildings. the cases, the erection erection costs and time are not estimated accurately. The The erec erecti tion on proc proces esss is fast faster er Erec Erecti tion on proc proces esss is slow slow and and and much easier with very less extensive field labour is requirement for equipment. requir required. ed. Heavy Heavy equipme equipment nt is also needed. SEI SEISMIC SMIC RESI RESIST STAN ANC CE The The low weig weight ht flex flexib iblle frames amesRigi Rigid d heav heavy y fram rames do not not offer higher resistance to seismic perform well in seismic zones. forces. OVER ALL PRICE Price pe per sq square me meter ma may be be as asHigher price per square meter. low as by 30 % than the conventional building. ARCHITECTURE Outstanding architectural designSpecial Special architectu architectural ral design and can be achieved at low cost usingfeatures must be developed for standard standard architectu architectural ral details details andeach project which often interfaces. requ requir ires es res resear earch and and thus thus resulting in higher cost. SOURCING AND Building is supplied complete withMany Many sour source cess of supp supply ly are are COORDINATION all accessories accessories including including erection erectionthere so it becomes difficult to for a single “ONE STOPco ordi ordina natte and and hand handle le the the SOURCE”. things. COST OF ORDER
CHARGE PEB manufactures usually stock aSub Substitution of hot rolled large amount of that can besections sections infrequentl infrequently y rolled rolled by flex flexib ibly ly used used in many many type typess of mill millss is expe expens nsiv ivee and and time time PEB projects. consuming. Change orders are easily Chang Changee order orderss that that are are made made accomm accommodat odated ed at all stages of after the dispatch of hot rolled the the orde orderr fulf fulfil illm lmen entt proc proces ess. s. sections result in increasing the Little or no material is wasted time time and and cost cost invo involv lved ed in the the even if a change order is made project. after fabrication starts.
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BUILDING ACCESSORIES
Desi Design gned ed to fit fit the the syst system em with withEvery project requires different standardized and inter changeableand special design fro parts. Including pre designedaccessories and special sourcing flas lashing hing and and trims rims.. Buil Buildi ding ngfor for each each item item.. Flas Flashi hing ng and and accessories are mass produced for trims must be uniquely designed econom economy y and are availa available ble with withand fabricated. the building.
FUTU FUTURE RE EXPA EXPANS NSIO IONS NS
All All proje project ct reco record rdss are safe safely ly and andIt would be difficult to obtain orderly kept in electronic format project records after a long which make sit easy for the owner period of time. It is required to to obtain a copy of his buildingcontact more than one number record at any time. of parties.
SAFETY RESPONSIBILTY
PERFORMANCE
Future Future expans expansion ion is very very easy easy Future expansion is most and simple. tedious and more costly. AND Single source of responsibility isMult Multip iple le resp respon onsi sibi bili liti ties es can can there because all the job is beingresu result lt in ques questi tion on of who who is done by one supplier. responsible when the components do not fit in properly, insufficient material is supplied or parts fail to perform particularly at the supplier/contractor interface. All components have beenComponents are custom specified and designed specially todesigned for a specific act toge ogether her as a system for appli applica cati tion on on a speci specifi ficc job. job. maximu maximum m effici efficiency ency,, precis precisee fir Design and detailing errors are and peak performance in the field. possible when assembling the diverse diverse components components into unique buildings. Experience with similar Each building design is unique, buildings, in actual field so predication, of how cond condit itiions ons worl orld wide wide,, has has comp ompone onents will perform resulted in design improvements together is uncertain. Materials over time, which allow which which have performed performed well well in dependable prediction of some climates may not do well performance. in other conditions.
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6. PRE ENGINEERED BUILDING vs CONCRETE BUILDINGS
Evaluation Criteria
Building Dimensions
PRE PRE ENGI ENGINE NEE ERED RED BUI BUILD LDIINGS NGS
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Suitable for spans 20-30m. Can Can sust sustai ain n much much larg larger er spans.
CONC CONCRE RET TE BUI BUIL LDING DINGS S
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Fabrication •
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Deliv Deliver ery y and Logistics •
Memb Member erss fabr fabric icat ated ed in a controlled environment.
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Precise fabrication. Can be delivered anywhere in the world.
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Can be properly sequenced. •
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Erection Time
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Fast Fast erecti erection. on. Virtua Virtuall lly y no idle time •
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Industrial Applications
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Can easily handle equipment such as multiple cranes within building. Sways can be controlled. Precis Precision ion can be achiev achieved ed during installation.
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Suitable for short span buildings, 5-8m. Becomes difficult and hea heavy for larger spans. Fabrication done on site. Requires building the reinf einfor orce ceme ment nt cage cage and and shut shutte teri ring ng work work prio priorr to pouring. Might Might have have to build build batch batch plant on site if site is secluded or huge. Slow Slow erec erecttion and and time consuming. Pouring should take place in limite limited d amount amount of time. time. If exceeded ded, the con concrete quality may be jeopardized. The contractor will have to wait for the previous previous cast to harden (14-28 days) before being able to cast another batch. Heav Heavy y equi equipm pmen entt usag usagee such as cranes is limited. To solve precision problems, contractors use steel I beams and platforms in concrete building.
Many any factors lead to qual uality deterioration: Concrete is not a homogeneous product Qual Qualit ity y of stee steell is guar guaran ante teed ed Conc Concre rete te mix mix ingr ingred edie ient nt because: It is a homogeneous ratios are difficult to maintain. product. Quality of water used may Pieces are tailored vary. according to shop drawings. Weather conditions. Precis Precisee machin machinery ery is used used Labor experience in for fabrication. It is fabricated under shop pouring. Adequate use of vibrators. control. Using proper curing Qual Qualit ity y is not not affe affect cted ed by methods. Concrete shrinkage. weather conditions •
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Quality
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Cost •
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Modulability & Scalability
Consistency and Reliability
power
count •
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Can change a section of the building or even cancel a secti ection on wit with cont contrroll olled effort and with little effect on stru struct ctur uree stab stabil ilit ity y and functionality.
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Expansion is easy. Longitudinally expansion is about adding more bays and conn connec ecti ting ng the the seco seconda ndary ry members and the sheeting to the old building.
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Needs a lot of planning and has usually major cons conseq eque uenc nces es.. Migh Mightt be even impossible. To expan expand, d, the the contr contrac acto tor r has to build a new structure with with foundat foundation ions, s, column columnss and might have to break part of the old structure in order to expand it.
Easy to modify on site, even after erection. •
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Construction cost is high at site
Erection cost is low at site
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Error Modification
Low man needed.
High manpower count may weakan control.
Modification can be done by cutting, welding or attaching steel pieces. Stre Streng ngth th is assu assure red d from from design.
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Have Have to brea break k concr concret etee if modification is necessary.
Strength cannot be guaranteed without testing.
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Seismic Effect •
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Steel Steel proper propertie tiess are stabl stablee with time. Ductil Ductilit ity y of steel steel provid provides es flexi exible ble beha behavi vior or unde under r seismi seismicc loads. loads. Light Light Steel Steel stru struct ctur ures es mini minimi mize ze the the seismic effect on the structure. Steel is heavier than conc concre rete te but but is 18 time timess stro stronge nger. r. A stee steell memb member er can can hold hold 6 time timess its its own own weight. Show signs of failure when overloaded.
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Ductility •
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Environment
Gives chance to fix the problem. Stee Steell is full fully y recy recycl clab able le.. Steel Steel recycl recycling ing techno technolog logy y is mature and standardized.
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Recy Recycl cled ed stee steell resu result ltss in better quality than Iron Ore.
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Conc Concre rete te prop proper erti ties es may may change over time and environmental conditions Poor flexibility under seismic loads. Heavy stru struct ctur ures es maxi maximi mize ze the the seismic effect on the structure. Heavy self weight. Large portion of concrete strength consumed to resist effect of its own weight. No warning signs. May May resu result lt in disa disast stro rous us collapse. Steel reinforcement is used to prevent brittle failure. Shy Shy tria trials ls have have been been done done on recycling of concrete. No standards adopted. Quality Problems. Almost zero residual value
7. APPLICATIONS
More than 70% of all single storey non-residential construction, in the USA, utilizes utilizes pre-engineer pre-engineered ed buildings. buildings. The applicatio applications ns of pre-engineer pre-engineered ed buildings buildings range from small car parking sheds to 90 m (+) wide clear span aircraft hangars to low-rise multi storey buildings. Almost every conceivable building use has been achieved using the pre-engineered building approach. The most common applications of pre-engineered buildings are: Industrial • • • • • • • •
Factories Workshops Warehouses Fuel stations Cold storages Car parking sheds Slaughter houses Bulk product storage and Godowns.
Institutional • • • • • •
Schools Exhibition halls Hospitals Theaters Auditoriums Indoor Sports Indoor Sports halls. halls.
Aviation & Military • • • •
Aircraft hangers Administration Buildings Residential barracks Support facilities
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8. ADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES REDUCED CONSTRUCTION TIME : Buildings are typically delivered in just a few weeks after approval of drawings. Foundation and anchor bolts are cast parallel with finished, ready for the site bolting. Our study shows that in India the use of PEB will reduce total construction time of the project by at least 50%. This also allows faster occupancy and earlier realization of revenue. LOWER COST: Due to the systems approach, there is a significant saving in design, manufacturing and on site erection cost. The secondary members and cladding nest together reducing transportation cost. FLEXIBILTY OF EXPANSION : Buildings can be easily expanded in length by adding additional bays. Also expansion in width and height is possible by pre designing for future expansion. LARGE CLEAR SPANS : Buildings can be supplied to around 80M clear spans. QUALITY CONTROL : As buildings are manufactured completely in the factory under controlled conditions the quality is assured. LOW MAINTENANCE: Buildings are supplied with high quality paint systems for cladding and steel to suit ambient conditions at the site, which results in long durability and low maintenance coats. ENERGY ENERGY EFFICIE EFFICIENT NT ROOFIN ROOFING G AND WALL SYSTEM SYSTEMS: S: Buil Buildi dings ngs can can be supplied supplied with polyurethane polyurethane insulated insulated panels or fiberglass fiberglass blankets insulation insulation to achieve achieve required “U” values. ARCHITECTURAL VERSTALITY: Building can be supplied with various types of fascias, canopies, and curved eaves and are designed to receive pre cast concrete wall panels, curtain walls, block walls and other wall systems.
complete building package is supplied supplied SINGLE SOURCE RESPONSIBILTY: As the complete by a single vendor, compatibility of all the building components and accessories is assured. This is one of the major benefits ben efits of the pre engineered building systems.
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CONCLUSION
India being a developing country massive house building construction is taking place in various parts of the country. Steel is a preferred material for construction, due to its various advantages like quality, aesthetics, economy and environmental environmental conditions. This concept can have lot of scope in India, which can actually actually fill up the critical shortage shortage of housing, housing, educational and health care institutions, airports, airports, railway stations, stations, industrial buildings buildings & cold storages etc. Preengineered Metal building concept forms a unique position in the construction industry in view of their being ideally suited suited to the needs of modern Engineering Industry. Industry. It would be the only solution for large industrial enclosures having thermal and acoustical features. The major advantage of metal building is the high speed of design and construction for buildings of various categories. The pre-engineered building calls for very fast construction of buildings and with good aesthetic aesthetic looks and quality quality construction. construction. Pre-enginee Pre-engineered red Buildings Buildings can be used extensively for construction of industrial and residential buildings. The buildings can be multi multi storey storeyed ed (4-6 (4-6 floors floors). ). These These buildi buildings ngs are suitab suitable le to variou variouss enviro environme nmenta ntall hazards. The requirement of housing is tremendous but there will always be a shortage of house availability as the present masonry construction technology cannot meet the rising demand every year. Hence one has to think for for alternative construction construction system like preengineered steel buildings. India has an installed steel capacity of 35 to 40 million tonnes & apparen apparentt steel steel consumpt consumption ion is around 27 to 30 million million tonnes. tonnes. There There is a surplu surpluss capacity of flat steel products available in India particularly of hot and cold rolled sheets. These steel components can be utilized in the construction of pre-engineered building components.
PEB concept has been very successful and well established in North America, Australia and is presently presently expanding in U.K and European countries. PEB construction is 30 to 40% faster than masonary construction. PEB buildings provide good insulation effect and would would be highly suitable suitable for a tropical country country like India. India. PEB is ideal for construction in remote & hilly areas.
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REFERENCES
KIRBY Building System KUWAIT. KARTHIK FABRICATORS India P Ltd. MULTCOLOR PROJECTS India Ltd. LLOYD INSULATIONS India Ltd MABANI STEEL LLC, U.A.E STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING at WSP Asia Limited Philippines ZAMIL STEEL Building India Pvt.Ltd
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