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Practice Problem Turbine, fans and blowers and compressor
1. 45 kW of shaft power is developed by a turbine working under an available available head of 40 m. The energy transferred from the water to the runner is 350 J. The mechanical efficiency is 95%. The discharge through the turbine in cumex is a. the hydraulic efficiency is: b. the over-all turbine efficiency is: 2. A hydro-electric plant having 50 sq. km reservoir area and 100 m head is used to generate power. The energy utilized by the c onsumers whose load is connected to the power plant during a 5-hr period is 13.5x106 kW-hr. The overall generation efficiencies is 75%. The fall in the height of water in t he reservoir after the period m is?
3. A hydraulic turbine receives water from a reservoir at an elevation e levation of 100 meters above it. What is the minimum water flow in kg/sec to produce a steady turbine output of 50MW?
4. A reaction turbine develops 373 kW. Flow through the turbine is 1.417 c umex. Water enters at 6 mps w ith a 30.5 pressure head. The elevation of the t urbine above the tail water level is 3m. Find the effective effect ive head. 5. The difference in elevation between the surface of the water in a storage reservoir and the intake to a turbine was 140 ft. During a test, the pressure head at the latter point was 130 ft and the discharge was 50 cfs. The inside diameter of t he penstock was 35 inches. What was the efficiency of the pipeline? 6. A hydroelectric plant has 20MW generators with an efficiency of 96%. The ge nerator is directly coupled to a vertical francis type hydraulic turbine having an efficiency of 80%. The total gross head on the turbine is 150m while the loss of head due to friction is 4% of the gross head. The r unaway speed is not exceed to 750 rpm. Determine the flow of water through the turbine in cfs. 7. A hydroelectric plant discharges water at the rate of 0.75
3
and enters the turbine at 0.35
with a
pressure of 275 kpa. Runner inside diameter is 550mm, speed is 520 rpm and the turbine efficiency is 88%. Find the turbine speed facto
8. In a hydraulic plant, the difference between the surface of the water at intake and the tail race is 60 ft. when the flow is 60 cfs. The friction loss in the penstock is 65 ft. and the head utilized by the turbine is 500 ft. The mechanical friction in the turbine is 110 Hp. And the leakage loss is 4 cfs. a. The hydraulic efficiency is? b. the volumetric efficiency is? c. the horsepower delivered to the shaft is? d. the brake horsepower is? e. the mechanical efficiency is? f. the overall efficiency is?
9. A fan whose static efficiency is 40% has a capacity of 60,000 ft 3/hr at 60oF and barometer of 30 inches Hg and gives a static pressure of 2 inches of water column on full delivery. What size of electric motor should be used in Hp to drive the fan? 10. A fan withdraws 1.42 m 3 per second of air at a static pressure of 2.54 cm of water through a duct 300 mm diameter and discharges it through a duct of 275 mm diameter. Determine the static fan efficiency, if the total fan mechanical efficiency is 70% and air is measured at 25oC and 760 mm Hg. 11. Find the air Hp of an industrial fan that delivers 25 m 3/s of air through a 900 mm by 1200 mm outlet. Static pressure is 127 mm of water gage and air density is 1.18 kg/m3. 12. A boiler requires 90,000 m 3/hr of standard air. The mechanical efficiency of fan to be installed is 65%. Determine the size of driving motor in KW, assuming fan can deliver a total pressure of 150 mm of water gage. 13. At 1.2 kg/m3 air density a fan develops a brake power of 100 KW. If operates at 98 KPa and 32 oC with the same speed, what is the new brake power of the fan in KW? 14. A fan has suction pressure of 30 mm water vacuum with air velocity of 3 m/s. The discharge has 150 mm of water gage and discharge velocity of 7m/s. Determine the total head of fan in meters, if air density is 1.2 kg/m 3. 15. A 50 KW motor is used to drive a fan that has a total head of 110 m. If fan efficiency is 70%, what is the maximum capacity of the fan in m 3/s using standard density of air? 16. A fan using standard air condition can developed a static pressure head of 310 mm water gage. If fan will operate at 93 oC and 735 mm of Hg, find the new static pressure required in mm of water gage. 17. The total head of fan is 185 meters and has a static pressure of 210 mm of water gage, what is the velocity of air flowing in m/s, if density of air is 1.15 kg/m 3? 18. The volume flow of air delivered by fan is 20 m 3/s and 180 mm water gage. The density of air is 1.185 kg/m3 and the motor power needed to drive the fan is 44 KW. What is the fan efficiency?
