Political Dynasties Manuscript

Causes, Impacts of Political Dynasty

The Causes and Impacts of the Political Dynasties in the Political Sphere of the Philippines

A Research Paper Presented to Professor Edward Jay ! "uinto ap#a Institute of Technolo$y

in partial fulfillment of the re%uirements in En$lish for Academic Purposes & 'E()11*

+y Raymond ! Roario Reynan C! Roul John -e+er )! Rui Ronn .e/in 0! Santos Eddie Rae A! alle2os

Decem+er &313

1


&

Acknowledgment

The researchers would li4e to $i/e their $ratitude to the followin$ that made this study possi+le5 6irst, they would li4e to e7press their deepest $ratitude to Professor Edward Jay ansarte "uinto, who not only moti/ated and tau$ht them, +ut also $a/e them constructi/e criticisms for this study to +e +etter! They would li4e to $i/e $ratitude $ratitude to Professor Professor Anna+elle Anna+elle Dona Donato to, ,

their their

inte inter/ r/iew iewee ee

who who

$a/e $a/e

a

lot lot

of

4ey 4ey

infor informa mati tion on

re$ardin$ this study! The researchers researchers would li4e to $i/e than4s to their alma mater,

ap#a

educat education ion, ,

Instit titute

of

and its li+rar li+rary y

Technolo$y

for $i/in$ $i/in$

for

$i/in$ in$

%ual uality

the resear researche cher r

/alua+ /alua+le le

information! The researchers would also li4e to than4 their parents who ha/e +een /ery supporti/e to the researchers! And most of all, they would li4e to e7press their deepest $ratitude to )od, the one who $a/e them 4nowled$e and wisdom to pursue and create this study! R! ! R! R! C! R! J! -! )! R! R! .! 0! S! E! R! A! !


&

Acknowledgment

The researchers would li4e to $i/e their $ratitude to the followin$ that made this study possi+le5 6irst, they would li4e to e7press their deepest $ratitude to Professor Edward Jay ansarte "uinto, who not only moti/ated and tau$ht them, +ut also $a/e them constructi/e criticisms for this study to +e +etter! They would li4e to $i/e $ratitude $ratitude to Professor Professor Anna+elle Anna+elle Dona Donato to, ,

their their

inte inter/ r/iew iewee ee

who who

$a/e $a/e

a

lot lot

of

4ey 4ey

infor informa mati tion on

re$ardin$ this study! The researchers researchers would li4e to $i/e than4s to their alma mater,

ap#a

educat education ion, ,

Instit titute

of

and its li+rar li+rary y

Technolo$y

for $i/in$ $i/in$

for

$i/in$ in$

%ual uality

the resear researche cher r

/alua+ /alua+le le

information! The researchers would also li4e to than4 their parents who ha/e +een /ery supporti/e to the researchers! And most of all, they would li4e to e7press their deepest $ratitude to )od, the one who $a/e them 4nowled$e and wisdom to pursue and create this study! R! ! R! R! C! R! J! -! )! R! R! .! 0! S! E! R! A! !


8

Abstract

This This

rese resear arch, ch,

enti entitl tled ed

9The 9The

Cause Causes s

and and

Impa Impact cts s

of

Poli Politi tica cal l

Dynasty in the Political Sphere of the Philippines:; which will tac4le the followin$ issues5 -hat is the political dynasty< -hich families ha/e +uilt political dynasty in the local $o/ernment< E/en thou$h unconstitutional, why do such dynasties e7ist< =ow does

it

affect

indepe independe ndent nt

the

local

candid candidate ates s

in

$o/ernment<

runnin$ runnin$ for a

=ow

does

it

affect

certain certain positi position< on< The

methods that ha/e +een used for this research are the descripti/e inter/iew and descripti/e li+rary methods! This research was a success success since the all of the %uestions %uestions were studied and answered thor thorou ou$h $hly ly! ! $o/e $o/ern rnme ment nt

The The and and

rese resear arch chers ers laws laws

must must

ha/e ha/e

+e

o+se o+ser/e r/ed d

impl implem emen ente ted d

many many for for

flaws flaws

thes these e

in

the the

poli politi tica cal l

dynasties dynasties to +e $one! 6or political dynasties dynasties to +e reduced: reduced: the mem+ers of these dynasties themsel/es must realie that what they are doin$ mi$ht affect them in the future and will suffer +ecause of

dist distru rust st

of

peop people le

to

the the

$o/e $o/ern rnme ment nt

that that

may may

lead lead

to

re+ellion! 6uture studies related to this topic must tac4le the possi+le possi+le procedures for these political political dynasties to slowly fade out!


>

Outline

1! Introduction

1!1! Political dynasty is a succession of people from the same family who plays a role in politics!

1!&! Political dynasty e7ists in the Philippines +ecause of families that ha/e an intense desire for power!

&! ?ody

&!1! Political Dynasties e7ist for /arious reasons!

&!1!1! They can $ain money throu$h $raft and corruption!

&!1!&! The family $ains influence which is +eneficial in the future!

&!1!8! The family intends to ha/e a

steady control of

political power!

&!&! Political dynasty has con%uered different positions in +oth the local and national $o/ernments!

&!&!1! The iola$os of (ue/a Eci2a, Arroyos of Pampan$a, and

@aps

$o/ernment!

of

Tarlac

dominate

their

local


&!&!&!

The

A%uinos,



Arroyos,

and

arcoses

are

some

families in the national $o/ernment!

&!8! Political

dynasties

e7ist

e/en

thou$h

they

are

unconstitutional!

&!8!1! They e7ist +ecause there is no proper definition of political dynasties!

&!8!&! A

law

re$ardin$

the

elimination

of

political

dynasties cannot +e properly made!

&!>! Political dynasties affect Philippine politics

&!>!1! The capacity of independent candidates to $arner /otes is si$nificantly reduced!

&!>!&!

any

politicians

o/erloo4

the

mista4es

offenses of others +ecause of family ties!

8! Conclusion

and


B

Introduction Background

Sim+ulan

'&33*

stated

that

political

dynasty

is

a

succession of people from the same family who plays a role in politics, and now one of the pro+lems in the Philippine politics that the $o/ernment cant sol/e! It is +ecause the people in the position are those who are in/ol/ed in these political dynasties! These people want to stay in their position +ecause they want power for personal $ain! Almost all citiens 4now that political dynasties are lur4in$ in the $o/ernment +ut still, they continue to support them e/en thou$h political dynasties are unconstitutional! They cant

+e

dynasties

+lamed use

+ecause

their

those

influences

candidates and

who

money

ha/e

to

political

dominate

and

manipulate the politics! Since this country doesnt distri+ute $ood

%uality

of

life

to

its

citiens,

those

who

are

in

the

position are $reedy and may+e scared +ecause they dont want to e7perience a difficult life!




As of &33, different cities in the Philippines are +ein$ ruled +y a+out &3 political dynasties! They ha/e the superiority in the Philippine politics +oth national and local le/els ha/e +een there for at least three decades 'Sim+ulan, &33*! -ith the statement mentioned, the researchers came up to this study since the le/el of political dynasty in the $o/ernment is alarmin$ and the researchers should study this +ecause it is them and their fellow citiens who will suffer if this continues! The study, as stated +efore, will focus on the different causes and

impacts

towards

the

society

and

the

$o/ernment!

They

are

ea$er to $et the results which they 4now would +e helpful for the citiens to +e more aware to its side effects and also for the other lawma4ers to see the /iews of the other people!

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to enumerate the different causes and impacts of political dynasties in the political sphere of the Philippines! This research specifically aimed to answer the followin$ %uestions5 1! -hat is political dynasty< &! -hich families ha/e +uilt

political dynasties in the

local $o/ernment of the Philippines< 8! E/en thou$h unconstitutional, why do e7ist<

such

dynasties


>! =ow

does

a



political

dynasty

affect

the

local

$o/ernment< ! =ow does the political dynasty affect the independent candidates in the election<

Significance of the Study

The researchers aim to +enefit the people associated with the followin$ $roups5 The

Present

Students!

They

should

+e

aware

of

why

political dynasties e7ist and what will happen if these dynasties will continue to e7ist! The

General

Public!

They

will

attain

4nowled$e

and

awareness a+out political dynasties, which can +e the +asis of the pu+lics desire to chan$e the trend re$ardin$ dynasties! The Politicians of Our Country! Their awareness re$ardin$

the effects of ha/in$ these dynasties in our $o/ernment will help moti/ate them in the pre/ention of political dynasties!

Thesis Statement

-ith

this

in mind, political dynasties e7ist in the

Philippines +ecause of families that ha/e an intense desire for power!


F

Body

Political Dynasties !ist for "arious #easons

Due to their wealth and the capa+ility to control the economy, they can e7ercise influence which $i/es them chance to $ain political power 'Sim+ulan, &33*! -ealthy families ha/e the capacity to control economy, +ecause in some communities, money can run their li/es and can +uy their di$nity so it will +e easy for wealthy families to +uild a dynasty and $ain political power! All candidates in the cate$ory 4nown in the $o/ernment called

9political

candidates

are

dynasties;

not

mem+ersGrelati/es!

allowed

Hf

course,

always to

a$ree

choose

only

in

one

the of

sayin$ their

the /oters will

that

family

decide who

will win! any 6ilipinos are +othered when there is political dynasty on their area, +ecause they thin4 that corruption will +e the result of it, +ut for the candidates, it is $ettin$ difficult for them +ecause, if they run to their family mem+ers to simply help

and

support

them

for

their

pu+lic

ser/ice,

the

pro+lem,

howe/er, is e/ery time they run to their family or relati/es, they always $et wron$ and +ad feed+ac4 from people! The people thin4 that they will $et corrupted +ecause the candidates chose a


13

family mem+er to $ain power! ?ut of course, they still need a more professional help from outside their family to sur/i/e in our modern world economy! (ew candidates are 2oinin$ the election e/ery year! E/en in show+i, people there are runnin$ for their chosen positions in the political world! That is mostly what are happenin$ today, candidates from show+i top the list of winners +ecause of their e7posure on tele/ision, for e7ample5 .ris A%uino and (oli De Castro: we can see the reflection of the current dominance

of

tele/ision

in

the

daily

life

on

the

a/era$e

6ilipino! They ha/e all this campai$ns, from facetoface media appearances popularity

to to

ad/ertisements people

of

our

which

they

country!

paid

for

Cele+rities

to

$ain

today

are

tempted in what the former president Joseph Erap Estrada did! =e $ained

popularity

and

made it

into

a

political

career!

=e

easily captured the health of 6ilipinos! ?ut e/ery society is uni%ue in

its de/elopment! ?uildin$

a

stron$ modern political

world is decidedly toward the formulation that we can $et not only

from ad2uncts

of

clans, churches

or

corporations 'Da/id,

&33*! The statement shows that people always thin4 that ha/in$ a relati/e in position while a certain person is in position also is called political dynasty and can result to corruption! This cause

candidate

to

ha/e

a

hard

time

as4in$

help

to

their

relati/es +ecause people may see it as a ne$ati/e si$n or not a


11

worthy man for a position +ut as e/eryone can see, it is normal to

as4

for

help

to

relati/es

and

nonrelati/es!

Some

of

the

elected politicians came from show+i and they top the list of elected persons this is due to hi$h e7posure in show+i and +ein$ popular li4e former president Erap Estrada! The presence of political dynasties in our $o/ernment promotes

$raft

and corruption,

+ecause

family mem+ers

tend to

o/erloo4 the mista4es of each other! This also leads to nepotism 'A! Donato, personal communication, Hcto+er &, &313*! The main effect of political dynasties: as stated a+o/e is $raft and corruption due of their power and confidence to do it +ecause they hold e/ery position in a community so no one will char$e them of their +ad deeds! (epotism occurs when the relati/e of a powerful fi$ure ascends to similar power seemin$ly without appropriate %ualifications!

Political Dynasty has Con$uered Different Positions in both the %ocal and &ational Go'ernments

?en Rosario stated in his article in anila ?ulletin entitled5 6or$et antidynasty +ill in the 1th Con$ress: The list of solons +elon$in$ to powerful political families include5 etro

anila5

Pinas*: 'anila*:

Reps!

?elmonte

Jr!

'"ueon

City*:

illar

'Kas

?inay 'a4ati City*: )onales 'andaluyon$ City*: Kope An$pin$

'anila*:

?a$atsin$

'anila*:

?iaon


1&

'untinlupa City*: To+ias'(a/otas*: Ru+ianoCali7to 'Pasay City*: Castelo

'"ueon

'Ta$ui$

City*:

City*:

?anal

)atchalian

'"C*:

E2ercito

'alenuela

'San

Juan*: Tin$a

and

Kacson(oel!

City*:

Re$ion I5 Reps! Romualde arcos 'Ilocos (orte*: Sin$son 'Ilocos Sur*:

Sin$son

'Pan$asinan*:

Jr! De

'Ilocos

enecia

Sur*:

Hrte$a

'Pan$asinan*:

'Ka

0nion*:

Co2uan$co

Celeste

'Pan$asinan*:

PrimiciasA$a+ad 'Pan$asinan*: Re$ion II5 Reps! A+ad '?atanes*: EnrileJr

'Ca$ayan*:

Tin$

'Ca$ayan*:

Al+ano

'Isa+ela*:

Dy

'Isa+ela*, and Cua '"uirino*: Re$ion III5 Reps! )arcia '?ataan*: Roman

'?ataan*:

'(ue/a

Eci2a*:

Al/arado iola$o

acapa$alArroyo

'?ulacan*: '(ue/a

'Pampan$a*:

endoa

Eci2a*: ?ondoc

'?ulacan*:

0mali

'(ue/a

'Pampan$a*:

Joson

Eci2a*:

Co2uan$co

'Tarlac*: @ap 'Tarlac*: Kapus 'Tarlac* and a$saysay 'Lam+ales*: Re$ion I A5 Reps! Collantes '?atan$as*: A+aya 'Ca/ite*: ercado Re/illa

'Ca/ite*:

Crispin

Remulla

'Ca/ite*:

Chipeco

'Ka$una*:

En/er$a '"ueon*: Alcala '"ueon*: Tanada III '"ueon*: Dua/it 'Rial*: Rodri$ue Jr! 'Rial*: Puno 'Antipolo City*: Re$ion I ?5

Reps!

illarosa

'Hccidental

indoro*:

and

0mali

'Hriental

indoro*: Re$ion 5 Reps! Ka$man 'Al+ay*: 0nico 'Camarines Sur*: Andaya Jr! 'Camarines Sur*: Arroyo 'Camrines Sur*: illafuerte 'Camarines .ho

Sur*: 6uente+ella 'Camarines Sur*:

'as+ate*:

Seachon

Kanete

'as+ate*:

?ra/o 'as+ate*:

and

Escudero

III

'Sorso$on*: Re$ion I5 Reps! Ja/ier 'Anti%ue*: Castro 'Capi*: (a/a

')uimaras*:

)arin

'Iloilo*:

Sy2uco

'Iloilo*:

Defensor

Jr


'Iloilo*: afranon Al/are

Tupas

Jr!

'(e$ros '(e$ros

18

'Iloilo*:

Hccidental*: Hccidental*:

Kedesma Arroyo

Re$ion

I

'(e$ros

'(e$ros II5

Hccidental*:

Hccidental*:

Reps!

)arcia

and

'Ce+u*:

Durano I 'Ce+u*: Del ar 'Ce+u City*: Hsmena 'Ce+u City*: Te/es '(e$ros Hriental*: and 6ua 'Si%ui2or*: Re$ion III5 Reps! Espina '?iliran*: Romualde 'Keyte*: Apostol 'Keyte*: Cari 'Keyte*: Daa '(orthern

Samar*:

Tan

'-estern

Samar*:

and

ercado

'Southern

Keyte*: Re$ion IM5 Reps! Seth and Cesar Jalos2os 'Lam+oan$a del (orte*: Cerilles 'Lam+oan$a del Sur*: Climaco 'Lam+oan$a City*: and Jalos2os Jr! 'Lam+oan$a Si+u$ay*: Re$ion M5 Reps! Lu+iri III '?u4idnon*: Romualdo 'Cami$uin*: Imelda and 6atima Alia Dimaporo 'Kanao del (orte*: and Emano 'isamis Hriental*: Re$ion MI5 Reps! Amaton$

'Compostela

Rosario

'Da/ao

del

alley*: (orte*:

Almario

Ka$dameo

'Da/ao

'Da/ao

del

Hriental*:

Del

(orte*:

Ca$as

'Da/ao del Sur*: (o$rales 'Da/ao City*: and )arcia 'Da/ao City*: Re$ion

MIII5

'A$usan 'Dina$at

del

Cara$a5 Sur*:

Island*:

Reps!

Pichay AR5

Amante 'Suri$ao

Reps!

'A$usan del

del

Sur*:

=atamanSaliman

(Hrte*: and

Plaa

Ecleo

Jr!

'?asilan*

and

'Kanao del Sur* '&313*! There are a lot of political families in the national $o/ernment

such

as

the

?inays,

A%uinos,

Arroyos,

arcoses,

E2ercitos, Cayetanos, and others! The statements show lists of the many politicians in/ol/ed in political dynasties! The fact that there are numerous people


in/ol/ed

in

political

1>

dynasties

can

mean

that

the

situation

re$ardin$ the pre/ention of political dynasties: especially in the local $o/ernment may really $et out of hand!

Political Dynasties !ist 'en Though They are (nconstitutional

Political Dynasty is unconstitutional +ecause under the Philippine constitution at Art! II, Sec! &B, it is stated that 9The

state

shall

$uarantee

e%ual

access

to

opportunities

for

pu+lic ser/ices, and prohi+it political dynasty as ma +e defined +y law; 'De Keon, &33, p!113*! The statement mentioned means that truly political dynasty is a crime! ?ut o+/iously it still e7ists here in the Philippines +ecause political dynasties ha/e no definite definition in our constitution 'as stated +y Cru, &33* so how it would +e stop +y our

$o/ernment!

The

implementation

of

prohi+itin$

political

dynasties is a must to ha/e an e%ual opportunity to e/ery people of the country in the positions in our $o/ernment! Accordin$ to the constitution, e/ery position in the $o/ernment has a limited term to e/ery indi/idual who had +een in that position li4e the local $o/ernment officials: they are limited only for three terms of +ein$ reelected to a position etc! any +ills and laws are passed to define political dynasty in order to prohi+it +uildin$ political dynasties here in our country

+ut

the

/ery

pro+lem

of

this

+ills

and

laws

are

the


1

$o/ernment officials who is indeed will pass this +ills and laws +ecause they are also the people who are $uilty of +uildin$ such political

dynasties

here

in

our

country

'A!

Donato,

personal

communication, Hcto+er &, &313*! In the statement a+o/e, we could completely say that in order to eliminate political dynasty here in our country, we must firstly eliminate those person in the $o/ernment who are $uilt of +uildin$ such as dynasties, then it will ena+le to pass those laws and +ills that defines and prohi+its political dynasties! Kastly as a $o/ernment official, they must follow in what our constitutions

tells

a+out

their

limitations

and

all

the

prohi+ited acts that will surely ma4e them honest and trustworthy officials! A! Donato said, Political dynasties are wea4enin$ our democratic

form

of

$o/ernment

+ecause

these

dynasties

depri/e

independent candidates: who can +e more capa+le and deser/in$: in e%ual

opportunity

of

aimin$

for

a

position

in

the

$o/ernment

'personal communication, Hcto+er &, &313*! The

statement

said

that

the

e7istence

of

political

dynasties in our country wea4ens our $o/ernment! -hy you may as4< ItNs +ecause these dynasties depri/e the sense of fairness in people

runnin$

independent

for

candidates!

office The

durin$

chance

to

elections, $ain

a

especially

position

in

the

$o/ernment should +e e%ual, +ut with families monopoliin$ the


different

positions

in

the

1B

$o/ernment,

these

independent

candidates may ne/er $et the opportunity to ser/e their country! The situation has worsened! They ha/e e/en e7ploited the PartyKist election 'Hcampo, &313*! This statement shows that the a+use of people in/ol/ed in political

dynasties

has

increased,

that

dynasties

are

also

formin$ amon$ political partylists! -hat was once affectin$ few places in the local $o/ernment now has escalated to the national $o/ernment! The $o/ernment must find a way to stop these +efore families completely dominate Philippine politics! The phenomenon of Political Dynasties shows the a+sence of any real competition in politics, ?ecause of the cop sided economic

structure

of

ine%uality

which

allows

only

a

few

to

monopolie wealth and power 'Sim+ulan, &33*! The power of political dynasties can ma4e the competition in

the

election

unfair!

It

is

+ecause

of

different

political

families which are in/ol/ed in the $o/ernment! They want to $et their wealth and power to their political family, +ut mostly to ha/e power for them not to +e replaced in their position! After winnin$ their desired position in the $o/ernment, they can affect

fa/ora+le

laws which is

not

only

$i/in$

them

power and money, +ut also the protection in order for them to +e secured in their position 'Sim+ulan, &33*!


1

any candidates are ruled +y the a+use of ha/in$ the power of their position! Hnce they ha/e their desired position, they ne/er want to +e replaced in the position they stand at! 6or them say in their position, they will chan$e some laws that fa/or them and not only will $i/e them money and power, +ut also will ma4e them secured in the position they ha/e!

Power of the Political )amilies O'erwhelming Others

The dynasties!

A

constitution

forci+ly

retired

indirectly official

encoura$es

arran$es

for

political a

family

mem+er, or a mistress to occupy his position for one term, after which he is %ualified to run a$ain for office! The su+stitute is usually a puppet for the retired family mem+er 'Cru, &33*! An official with a position 'for e7ample a mayor* in the $o/ernment will forci+ly +e retired in hisGher position for one term! ?ut, +y the law of Constitution, he may use one of his family mem+er, may it +e a mistress or sonGdau$hter, to run for the

position

he

was

retired

at!

=e

or

She

will

ser/e

as

a

su+stitute of the retired family mem+er! Then after the time of the su+stitute family mem+er e7pires as mayor, it will +e the time for the retired family mem+er to run a$ain for the desired position in the $o/ernment! This loophole in the Constitution is one that must +e mended, +ecause this is one way that people in/ol/ed in political dynasties can escape in their offense!


1

E/ery official in the $o/ernment must ha/e e%ual access to political opportunities +y the power of the pro/isions limitin$ the terms of office of electi/e officials! In order to prohi+it political dynasty so that no one could use their powers as a $o/ernment

official

in

spawnin$

e/il

in

our

$o/ernment

'The

Philippine Constitution* 'De Keon, &33, p!111* The statement a+o/e is somewhat a way to pre/ent the occurrence of political dynasties, +ut the %uestion is, is it +ein$

implemented<

dynasties

still

The

rests

occurrence on

the

or

hands

pre/ention

of

the

of

people

political in

office,

+ecause they are the ones who will decide whether or not they will implement ways to pre/ent a+use of power and formation of political families!


1F

Conclusion

The researchers found out that the political dynasty is a succession of political positions to people +elon$in$ to the same family! They maintain their power, influence or authority o/er the course of $enerations! Also, the political dynasty is one of the many pro+lems of our $o/ernment! It promotes $raft and corruption, +ecause of the family mem+ers turnin$ a +lind eye to each others mista4es and crimes! After conductin$ this study, the researchers were a+le to determine the different families that ha/e political dynasties in their constituents! The research showed that e/ery re$ion in the Philippines has political dynasties! Political dynasty is a hindrance for the success of our country! These dynasties must +e slowly remo/ed so that the true meanin$ of democracy will pre/ail and other candidates will feel secured

in

terms

of

the

%uality

of

elections

within

our

territory! The researchers conclude that political dynasties do e7ist e/en thou$h it is unconstitutional +ecause of the different reasons li4e to ha/e the power for personal purposes! It also e7ists +ecause of the money

and

connection

of

the

political

families

to

control

some

$o/ernment officials in creatin$ dynasties! Kast +ut not the least is


the

lac4

of

+ills

and

laws

&3

that

may

define

and

prohi+it

such

as

political dynasties +ecause the mem+ers of the $o/ernment that ha/e the power to pass +ills and laws are the one who is in such acts li4e this! The researchers su$$est that to prohi+it political dynasties: the $o/ernment must first define the conditions to

consider sayin$

that this act is a way to create a political dynasty! Then they must $et rid of political officials who doin$ this act that will ena+le them to pass the laws and +ills that prohi+its political dynasties here in the Philippines! The researchers ha/e shown that the local $o/ernment is one of the most affected areas of political dynasties! The political families ha/e the a+ility to control the economy, the people, and also the elections +ecause of their e7cessi/e a+use of power, and with this power they fill almost e/ery position in the local $o/ernment! -ith a+usi/e power, political dynasties can also control the

people

of

a

locality

+y

threatenin$

them

+y

usin$

old

fashioned methods: /iolence, and ille$al acti/ities for e7ample! This will affect the peopleNs freedom and ri$hts, +ecause they can +e 4illed anytime +y the pri/ate armies of these political dynasties without anyone 4nowin$, so people will +e scared and +e afraid to tal4! The research conducted also shows that political dynasties ha/e

effects

on

independent

candidates:

and

that

political


families power

with the

and

desire

influence

independent

in

candidates

&1

to stay order

who

in position

to

also

do want

as

are

they

to

ser/e

usin$

their

please!

These

their

local

compatriots are not $i/en the opportunity, +ecause they cannot claim a position +ecause of these political dynasties! -ith this a+use of power of many political families, the sense

of

people,

our

countrys

especially

the

democracy

is

independent

really

not

candidates

felt

+y

runnin$

the for

elections! E/ery+ody should ha/e the e%ual opportunity to ha/e a chance

in ha/in$

a

position

in

the

$o/ernment, so

that

other

mem+ers of the community, especially the people more capa+le, can ha/e a chance in ser/in$ the people! In this

study, it shows that power is the political

dynasties aim so that they can ha/e superiority to others! They also

want

personal

$ain

and

they

are

a+le

position +y usin$ their money and influence!

#eference %ist

to

maintain

their


&&


APP&DICS

&8


APP&DI* A ')roup Schedule*

&>


&


APP&DI* B ')roup Chec4list*

&B


&


&

APP&DI* C 'Inter/iew "uestions*

Inter'iew +uestions

1! =ows your day so far sirGmaam< &! -hats your understandin$ re$ardin$ political dynasty<


&F

8! Do you 4now some families that has political dynasty< >! -hy do you thin4 political dynasty e7ist e/en thou$h it is unconstitutional< ! -hat do you thin4 are the pro+lems that it may cost in their constituents< B! =ow

does

this

affect

the

independent

candidates

in

runnin$ for local elections< ! -hat

are

the

disad/anta$es

in

ha/in$

political

dynasties in the $o/ernment< ! -hat

do

you

thin4

are

the

effects

of

political

dynasties in implementin$ laws< F! Do

political

dynasties

stren$then

or

wea4en

the

democratic form of $o/ernment< -hy or why not< 13! the

-hat do you thin4 are the possi+le actions that $o/ernment

must

political dynasties<

do

in

order

to

remo/e

this


APP&DI* D 'Inter/iew Transcript*

Inter'iew Transcri,t Introduction #onn Santos5 )ood afternoon e/eryone! -e are $roup nine!

83


81

#aymond #o-ario5 -e are a+out to conduct an inter/iew for our

research! ddie

"alle.os5

Entitled

a+out

the

causes

and

impacts

of

political dynasty on the political sphere of the Philippines! /eber

#ui-5

the inter/iewee

is

Professor Ana+elle

Donato

from

S!K!=!S! department! #eynan#o-ul5)raduate of political science in the 0ni/ersity of

Sto! Tomas Grou, 05 And now, for the inter/iew proper!

Inter'iew ,ro,er /eber #ui-5 )ood afternoon mam! =owNs your day so far< Professor Donato5 INm fine, how a+out you< /eber

#ui-5

INm

o4!

0hm!!to

start

it

off,uhm!!what

is

your

understandin$ re$ardin$ political dynasty< Professor Donato5 Political dynasty has not +een strictly defined

in our laws +ut, it is commonly or traditionally 4nown as,uhm!!!a $roup or a family e7ercisin$ the power in a certain locality to the point of +ein$ typical warlords in that particular localities so e/en thou$h it has not +een defined in our laws, that is the common understandin$ +etween this term political dynasty! ddie "alle.os5 So the second %uestion, do you 4now some families

that has political dynasty in the country< 'Construction (oise*


8&

'People chattin$* Professor Donato5 I donNt personally 4now any+ody +ut, there are

popular political dynasties in our country! Say for e7ample, the Dy

dynasty

of

Isa+ela<,Joson

of

(ue/a

E2ica,uhm!!arcoses

of

Ilocos!So, these are some popular political dynasties who were a+le to perpetuatetheir family to help the $o/ernment operate! #eynan#o-ul5 -hat do you thin4 are the pro+lems that it may cause

in their constituents< Professor

Donato5

The

pro+lemitNs

this

families

a+usin$

their

power in the locality! ?ut if theyNre really doin$ their 2o+, their

family

thin4

there

really will

dedicated

+e

a

to

pro+lem!

pu+lic The

ser/ice,

pro+lem

will

thenI lie

donNt

now

in

pro/idin$ e%ual access to the opportunities for pu+lic ser/ice to other

people!

Say

for

e7ample,

in

yourlocality

there

are

new

+lood or there are people who also wants to ser/e the pu+lic +ut since you family is dominatin$ the politics, youNre appointin$ all of the mem+ers of your family to the different positions in the $o/ernment! In that case, that mi$ht cause the locality to lose uhh!!a /ery concerned leader uhh!! a $ood leader +ecause they

will

not

allow

him

to

ser/e

pu+licly

+ecause

they

are

dominatin$ the politics! #eynan#o-ul5

am

you

ha/e

said

one

effect

on

independent candidates, can you cite other effects<

the

local


Professor

Donato5

independent

(o

I

88

mean if

candidates

will

they

will

not

+e

a+le

to

not

+e a+le!! this infiltrate

the

politics, it will also +e the laws of the people +ecause this independent leader mi$ht pro/e himself to +e a $ood leader or will +e the law of the constituents +ecause we cannot sur/i/e the ser/ice that he wants to $i/e +ecause he was not $i/en the chance to ser/e this people! #onn Santos5 =ello mam! Professor Donato5 =i Santos5

#onn

-hat

are

the

disad/anta$es

in

ha/in$

political

dynasty in our $o/ernment< Professor

Donato5

-ell!!li4e

what

IN/e

mentioned

earlier,

one

disad/anta$e will +e, we were depri/in$ of the people of uhh!!new +lood

or

new

set

of

leaders!

eanin$,

uhm!!people

who

will

introduce new ideas, new policies which mi$ht +e $ood for our country! So in that case, if we will allow the political dynasty to

continue,

we

representati/es!

are

depri/in$

And!!aside

from

the

that,

it

people can

of

also

these lead

to

nepotism! eanin$, this political!!this family, of course, will appoint those people who are also mem+er of their family! #onn

Santos5

y

ne7t

%uestion

is,

what

do

you

thin4

are

the

eanin$

the

effects of political dynasties in implementin$ laws< Professor

Donato10hm!implementin$

locality ha/e political dynasty<

the

laws<

0hm!!


8>

#onn Santos1 uhh!!@es Professor

So

Donato1

pro+a+ly

created

corruption!

-hy<

a

I

thin4

culture

?ecause

there

where

in

the

we

could are

+e

someO!theyNre

promotin$

implementation

of

$raft this

and

laws,

since no+ody can chec4 whether these people are doin$ what the mandate

of

their

constituent,

+ecause

they

are

all

family

mem+ers, they tend to o/erloo4 the mista4es of each other! So in that case, I thin4 that mi$ht lead to the circum/ention of the law or pro+a+ly the $raft and corruption< Is that what youNre as4in$ re$ardin$ the implementation<

So

yea that

is

promotin$

those 4inds of thin$s to happen +ecause this people are mem+ers of one

family!

So instead of

chec4in$

each other,

they

mi$ht

condole each other if they will commit mista4es! #onn Santos5 Than4you mam! #aymond #o-ario5 =i mam! Professor Donato1 =i! #aymond #o-ario5 Do political dynasty stren$then or wea4en the

democratic form of the $o/ernment< -hy or why not< Professor Donato1 I thin4 in a way it wea4ens the democratic form

of our $o/ernment +ecause +y allowin$ these political dynasties to remain

in

our

country,

we

are

+ein$

undemocratic

to

other

people who also want to ser/e the pu+lic! So isnNt democracy a concept

where

people,

to

e/ery+ody

spea4

their

can!!should mind!

So

in

+e

allowed

this

case,

to we

ser/e are

the

tryin$


8

to!!allow!!we are allowin$ this people to +uild a dictatorship of their own, with them +ein$ the leader! So we are allowin$ them to monopolie the system! So that is anatima or itNs anta$onistic to the concept of democracy! #aymond #o-ario5So, for our final %uestion, what do you thin4 are

possi+le actions that the $o/ernment must do in order to remo/e this political dynasties< Professor Donato1 -ell to remo/e these political dynasties, the

$o/ernment must pass a law which will disallow these political dynasties to continue! ?ecause what I ha/e mentioned earlier, in our constitution, what is pro/ided is a $eneral law: it is not selfe7ecutor y!

Those pro/isions under section &!!ah!!article &

rather

selfe7ecutin$,

are

e7ecutin$! political

not Hne

of

dynasty!

2urisdiction,

there

this So

is

the

+efore

has

to

most law

it +e

of or

can

them the

+e

ena+lin$

are

not

self

pro/ision

on

the

implemented

in

our

law

+y

the

passed

con$ress! So in order to eliminate political dynasty, this +ill, this pendin$ +ill in the con$ress re$ardin$ political dynasty, definin$ political dynasties, must +e passed and afterwards they should pro/ide sanctions and they should ma4e sure that this law a$ainst political dynasties will +e properly ! So the first thin$

that

they

need

to

do

is

to

define

what

is

political

dynasty! eanin$, they should pro/ide a clear definition of what


8B

will fall under this cate$ory of political dynasty and implement the law ! 'Construction (oise* #aymond #o-ario5 So thatNs it! Than4 you mam for $i/in$ us some

inOfor $i/in$ us some information a+out political dynasty! Professor Donato1 H4,no pro+lem! &D Cutted ,art of the inter'iew ddie "alle.os5 So, why do you thin4 political dynasty e7ist e/en

thou$h it is unconstitutional< 'Construction (oise* 'People chattin$* Professor

Donato5

?ecause

thereNsO

6irst,

thereNs

no

law

prohi+itin$ political dynasties, meanin$, it should +e pro/ided in

our

constitution!

declarations

can

?ut

+ecome

under

article

selfe7ecutin$,

&,

there

+efore needs

those to

+e

ena+lin$ law passed +y the con$ress! And as of present, that law is still pendin$ in con$ress! And the pro+lem is, this people who are in con$ress, they are the /ery people $uilty of political dynasty so why will they pass a law which will +e contrary to  ri$ht< So if that case, e/en thou$h this political dynasty e7ist since thereNs no sanction or punishment or

 political

dynasty  it will not stop so lon$ as this fact still not +e punished +y our laws!


APP&DI*  'Documentation*

8


8

The $roup '6rom the left5 alle2os, Roul, Roario, Rui, Santos* introducin$ their inter/iewee, Professor Donato

A mem+er of the $roup, John -e+er Rui $ettin$ ready for his turn in the inter/iew

Political Dynasties Manuscript

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