SUBSECRETARÍA DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR TECNOLOGICO NACIONAL DE MÉXICO INSTITUTO TECNOLÓGICO DE PINOTEPA
MATERIA: PLEANEACIÓN PLEANEACIÓN Y DIRECCIÓN DE LA EMPRESA AGROPECUARIA TRABAJO: PLANEACIÓN CLÁSICA PRESENTA: CÉSAR DAVID DIONICIO GASGA CATEDRATICO: ING. LAURO GASGA PÉREZ CARRERA: INGENIERÍA EN AGRONOMÍA 7 SEMESTRE GRUPO “B”
SANTIAGO PINOTEPA NACIONAL, NACIONA L, OAXACA. OAXACA. 28 DE AGOSTO DE 2015 1. EVOLUCIÓN DE LA PLANEACION, TENDENCIAS Y PERSPECTIVAS. 1.1 PLANEACIÓN CLÁSICA La pla!a"#$ "l%"a a''a"a "( !l pa&a)(* !l p'!&!+! , &(-'! &+! &! pla!a pa'a !l /0+0'(.
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Pla#1"a"#$2 )#&!3a' 0 pla )! a""#$ pa'a !l 4a3aa. O'5a#6a"#$2 -'#)a' , 4(#l#6a' '!"0'&(& pa'a la p0!&+a ! 4a'"8a )!l pla. D#'!""#$2 )#'#5#'* &!l!""#(a' , !al0a' a l(& !4pl!a)(& "( !l p'(p$+( )! l(5'a' !l 4!9(' +'a-a9( pa'a al"a6a' l( pla#1"a)(. C((')#a"#$2 #+!5'a"#$ )! l(& !&/0!'6(& , a&!50'a4#!+( )! :0! &! "(4pa'+a la #/('4a"#$ , &! '!&0!la l(& p'(-l!4a&. C(+'(l2 5a'a+#6a' :0! la& "(&a& ("0''a )! a"0!')( "( l( pla#1"a)( , !9!"0"#$ )! la& a""#(!& "(''!"+#a& !"!&a'#a& )! la& )!&#a"#(!& !"(+'a)a&.
!&+'a+5#"a* &! )!-! p!&a' &! :0#!'! , !&+0)#a' :0
CARACTERISTICAS DE LA PLANEACIÓN CLÁSICA La pla!a"#$ "l%"a ( +'a)#"#(al +#!! la& "a'a"+!';&+#"a& )! &!' 0 p'("!&( "(4p0!&+( p(' +'!& !+apa& /0)a4!+al!&2 !<=a+!* '!"0''!+! , !<=p(&+. A. La p'#4!'a* :0! #"l0,! !l )#a5$&+#"( pa'a la "(4p'!$ )! la& "a0&a& :0! ('#5#a 0 p'(-l!4a , a&; )!+!'4#a' l(& !l!4!+(& :0! /a('!"! &0 '!p'()0""#$* #"l0,! +a4-# la !+apa )! p'($&+#"(* p(' 4!)#( )! la :0! &! )!1! !&"!a'#(& p(-l!& , al+!'a+#a& )! &(l0"#$. E la /a&! !<= a+!* &! )!1! l(& (-9!+#(&* la& p(l;+#"a&* la& !&+'a+!5#a& , la& a""#(!& p'#('#+a'#a& >pla!a"#$ p'!!+#a ( "(''!"+#a?. T()( l( a+!'#(' &! !&p!"#1"a ! 0 “Pla )! D!&a''(ll(”. C( l( a+!'#('* &! )a ##"#( a la !+apa )! #4pl!4!+a"#$. E&+a pa'+! )!l p'("!&( !& la 4%& "(4pl!9a* )!-#)( al #!l )! #+!5'a"#$ "( !l '!&+( )! l(& !l!4!+(& >p'(5'a4a"#$* p'!&0p0!&+a"#$* !al0a"#$ , "(+'(l?. B. La !+apa '!"0''!+!* !&+% )!1#)a p(' la p'(5'a4a"#$ , la p'!&0p0!&+a"#$. E !&+a /a&! &! )!+!'4#a la 4a5#+0) )!l 5a&+(* ! /0"#$ )! 0a &!'#! )! !l!4!+(& "(4(2 )!4a)a )!l 4!'"a)(* )#a5$&+#"( &("#(!"($4#"(* p(l;+#"a& p'#('#+a'#a& , !&+'a+5#"a&* , '!la"#(!& #+!'50-!'a4!+al!&* p'#"#pal4!+!.
C. La /a&! !<=p(&+ "(4p'!)! !l a%l#& )! #4pa"+(& 5!!'a)(& a p(&+!'#('# 4!)#a+! la !al0a"#$* !l "(+'(l , la "(''!""#$ >'!+'(al#4!+a"#$?. C( &+a !+apa &! "#!''a !l p'("!&(. La !al0a"#$ p'!+!)! 4()!la' la !&+'!"8a '!la"#$ !+'! l(& (-9!+#(& , l( '!al#6a)( al 4(4!+( )! la #4pl!4!+a"#$. El "(+'(l p!'4#+! !l 4(#+('!( "(&+a+! )! la& p(l;+#"a& , &0& '!"0'&(&* a&; "(4( la "(''!""#$ pa'"#al.
1.1.1. ASES DE LA ADMINISTRACIÓN ASES DE LA ADMINISTRACIÓN DE LA PLANEACIÓN CLÁSICA PRIMERA ASE: EL DIAGNOSTICO El )#a5(&+#"( "(&+#+0,! 0 p'("!&( )! a%l#&* /0)a4!+al4!+! pa'a !l )!&a''(ll( )!l p'("!&( 5!!'al )! pla#1"a"#$* :0! p!'4#+! p'!"#&a' la a+0'al!6a , 4a5#+0) )! l(& p'(-l!4a& :0! a/!"+a a 0a a"+##)a)* #&+#+0"#$ ( &+!4a* a&; "(4( &0& p!'&p!"+#a& a /0+0'(* ( "a4-#a a)a. SEGUNDA ASE: LA PROGRAMACIÓN S! )!(4#a !&+a /a&! "(4( la p'(5'a4a"#$* p(':0! +a4-# &0!l! 0+#l#6a' !&+! +'4#( pa'a '!/!'#'&! al p'("!&( 5!!'al )! pla#1"a"#$. E&+a p'#"#pal4!+! ('#!+a)a 8a"#a la '!al#6a"#$ )!la& 2#!+!& a"+##)a)!&2 /('40la"#$ )! (-9!+#(&* &!l!""#$ )! p'#('#)a)!&* aa"#$ )! '!"0'&(& ! #&+'04!+(&* &!3ala4#!+( )! +#!4p(&* )!1#"#$ )! 4!+a&* !la-('a"#$ )! "al!)a'#(&* !+'! (+'a&. TERCERA ASE: DISCUSIÓN ! DECISIÓN E&+a /a&! p'!&0p(! la #+!'a""#$ , "(40#"a"#$ !+'! l(& 5'0p(& +"#"(& )! pla#1"a"#$* )! a)4##&+'a"#$ '!&p(&a-l!& )! la (p!'a"#$ )! l(& &!'#"#(&* l(& )#/!'!+!& #!l!& )! a0+('#)a) p(l;+#"a , l(& '!p'!&!+a+!& )! l(& &!"+('!& :0! '!&0l+a'a -!!1"#a)(& ( a/!"+a)(& "( la #&+'04!+a"#$ )! l(& pla!&* p'(5'a4a& , p'(,!"+(&. CUARTA ASE: ORMULACIÓN SELECCIÓN DE ALTERNATIVAS. L(& p'(-l!4a& ( &0!l! +!!' &(l( 0a &(l0"#$* ( :0! +#!! a'#a& ( 4@l+#pl!& &(l0"#(!& al+!'a+#a&* "( !+a9a& , )!&!+a9a& '!la+#a&* +a+( '!&p!"+( a &0 #a-#l#)a) "(4( ! "0a+( a &0& #!l!& )! !1"#!"#a , !1"a"#a pa'a '!&(l!' !&(& p'(-l!4a&. "UINTA ASE: EJECUCIÓN O INSTRUMENTACIÓN Pa'a :0! l(& 4!)#(&* "0'&(& )! a""#$ , !&+'a+!5#a& ( :0!)! &(l( ! p'(p$+(& ( !&"'#+(& ! 0 pap!l* &! !"!+a !&+a-l!"!' +()( 0 "(90+( )! p'!#(!& )! #&+'04!+a"#$ , l(5;&+#"a :0! #4pl#"a !+'! (+'(&* l(& 2#!+!& !l!4!+(&. =E&+a-l!"#4#!+( )! 0 (9( %5#l )! #/('4a"#$ , "(40#"a"#$. = D!1#"#$ "la'a )! /0"#(!& , )#&+'#-0"#$ a)!"0a)a )! '!&p(&a-#l#)a)!&. =E&p!"#1"a"#$ , a"(p#( )! '!"0'&(& &01"#!+!& , (p('+0(&* a&; "(4( (+'(& !l!4!+(& )! l(5;&+#"a. =C((')#a"#$ )#%4#"a , !1"a6.
=E&+a-l!"#4#!+( )! p'("!&(& )! &!50#4#!+(* &0p!'#$ , !al0a"#$ :0! '!+'(al#4!+! la +(4a )! )!"#(!&. SEXTA ASE: EVALUACIÓN, RETROALIMENTACIÓN Y CONTROL. E la !(l0"#$ )! l(& pa'a)#54a& )! la pla!a"#$ 4()!'a* la !al0a"#$. 0! +'a)#"#(al4!+! 8a-;a )( "()!'a)a "(4( la @l+#4a !+apa ( /a&! )!l p'("!&(* 8a !#)( a "(!'+#'&! ! !l "('a6$ ( "!'!-'( )!l p'("!&( 5!!'al )! la pla!a"#$. La !al0a"#$ p!'4#+! !'#1"a' !l !&+a)( :0! 50a')a 0 p'("!&( ( 0a a"+##)a) , !&+#4a' !l #!l )! l(5'( )! l(& (-9!+#(& , 4!+a&* 4!)#a+! la p'#4!'a apl#"a"#$ )! "'#+!'#(& ! #)#"a)('!& "(4@4!+! a"!p+a)(& p'!/!'!+!4!+! a+#"#pa)(& ( p(' l( 4!(& !
D!1#' l(& (-9!+#(&2 !l p'#4!' pa&( )! la pla!a"#$ !& !&+a-l!"!' l(& (-9!+#(& :0! &! p'!+!)! al"a6a'. L(& (-9!+#(& )! la ('5a#6a"#$ )!-! ('#!+a' l(& p'#"#pal!& pla!& , &!'#' )! -a&! a l(& (-9!+#(& )!pa'+a4!+al!& , a +()(& l(& (-9!+#(& )! la& %'!a& &0-(')#a)a&. L(& (-9!+#(& )!-! !&p!"#1"a' l(& '!&0l+a)(& )!&!a)(& , l(& p0+(& a l(& :0! &! )!&!a ll!5a'* pa'a "(("!' "0%l!& &( l(& pa&(& #+!'4!)#(& :0! &! )!-! )a' pa'a ll!5a' all%. V!'#1"a' la +0a"#$ a"+0al /'!+! a l(& (-9!+#(&2 (l+%!a4!+! a la )!1#"#$ )! l(& (-9!+#(&* &! )!-! !al0a' la +0a"#$ a"+0al ! "(+'ap("#$ a l(& (-9!+#(& )!&!a)(&* !'#1"a' )$)! &! !&+% , :0 &! )!-! 8a"!'. D!&a''(lla' p'!4#&a& &(-'! la& "()#"#(!& /0+0'a&2 la& p'!4#&a& "(&+#+0,! l(& a4-#!+!& !&p!'a)(& )! l(& pla!& ! (p!'a"#$. C(4( la ('5a#6a"#$ (p!'a ! a4-#!+!& "(4pl!9(&* "0a+a& 4%& p!'&(a& a"+@! ! la !la-('a"#$ , "(4p'!$ )! la pla!a"#$ , "0a+( 4%& #(l0"'a4#!+( &! l(5'! pa'a 0+#l#6a' p'!4#&a& "(8!'!+!&* 4%& "((')#a)a &!'% la pla!a"#$. S! +'a+a )! 5!!'a' !&"!a'#(& al+!'a+#(& pa'a l(& !&+a)(& /0+0'(& )! la& a""#(!&* aal#6a)( l( :0! p0!)! a,0)a' ( p!'90)#"a' !l aa"! 8a"#a l(& (-9!+#(&. La p'!#$ !& 0 a&p!"+( #4p('+a+! ! !l )!&a''(ll( )! p'!4#&a& , !&+% '!la"#(a)( "( &0p0!&+(& a"!'"a )!l /0+0'(. Aal#6a' la& al+!'a+#a& )! a""#$2 &! +'a+a )! '!la"#(a' , !al0a' la& a""#(!& :0! &! )!-! !4p'!)!'* !&"(5!' 0a )! !lla& pa'a p!'&!50#' 0( ( 4%& (-9!+#(& , !la-('a' 0 pla pa'a al"a6a'l(&. El!5#' 0 "0'&( )! a""#$ !+'! la& al+!'a+#a&2 8a, :0! &!l!""#(a' !l "0'&( )! a""#$ a)!"0a)( pa'a "(&!50#' l(& (-9!+#(& p'(p0!&+(&. S! +'a+a )! 0a +(4a )! )!"#$ ! :0! &! !l#5! 0a al+!'a+#a , &! a-a)(a la& )!4%&. La al+!'a+#a &!l!""#(a)a &! +'a&/('4a ! 0 pla pa'a al"a6a' l(& (-9!+#(&. I4pl!4!+a' !l pla , !al0a' l(& '!&0l+a)(&2 !l @l+#4( pa&( !& 8a"!' l( :0! !l pla )!+!'4#a , !al0a' "( "0#)a)( l(& '!&0l+a)(& pa'a 5a'a+#6a' la "(&!"0"#$ )! l(& (-9!+#(&* &!50#' l( :0! /0! pla!a)( , !4p'!)!' la& a""#(!& "(''!"+#a& a 4!)#)a :0! &!a !"!&a'#a&.
A0:0! la pla!a"#$ &!a 0a a"+##)a) ('#!+a)a 8a"#a !l /0+0'(* la pla!a"#$ )!-! &!' "(+#0a , p!'4a!+! ,* !& p(-l!* a-a'"a' !l 4a,(' @4!'( )! p!'&(a& ! la !la-('a"#$ ! #4pl!4!+a"#$. E (+'(& +'4#(&* la pla!a"#$ )!-! &!' "(&+a+! , pa'+#"#pa+#a. Pa'a !la-('a' la pla!a"#$ !& )! #+al #4p('+a"#a "(("!' &0 4#"'(a4-#!+!* &0 4#$* l(& (-9!+#(& -%"(& ,* &(-'! +()(* l(& /a"+('!& "la!& pa'a &0 <#+(. EJEMPLO DE LA PLANEACIÓN CLÁSICA #"U$ ES MISIÓN%
E& 0a )!"la'a"#$ "("#&a* "( 0a ('#!+a"#$ #+!'a* )! la 'a6$ )! la !<#&+!"#a )! la ('5a#6a"#$* !l p'(p$+( -%"( 8a"#a !l :0! &! )#'#5! &0& a"+##)a)!& , l(& al('!& :0! 50;a la& a"+##)a)!& )! l(& !4pl!a)(&. La 4#$ +a4-# )!-! )!&"'#-#' "$4( !&p!'a "(4p!+#' la ('5a#6a"#$ , !+'!5a' al(' a l(& "l#!+!&. #"U$ ES VISIÓN%
E& 0a )!"la'a"#$ "("#&a :0! )!1! l(& p'(p$+(& a 4!)#a( , la'5( pla6( >)! +'!& a )#!6 a3(&? )! la ('5a#6a"#$. La #$ )!-! &!' !<+!'a , ('#!+a'&! 8a"#a !l 4!'"a)(* a&; "(4( !
S( l(& 1!& :0! &! p!'2! p(' 4!)#( )! 0a a"+##)a) )! 0a 0 (+'a ;)(l!. R!p'!&!+a ( &$l( !l p0+( +!'4#al )! la pla!a"#$* ( +a4-# !l 1 :0! &! p!'2! 4!)#a+! la ('5a#6a"#$* la #+!5'a"#$ )! p!'&(al* la )#'!""#$ , !l "(+'(l. R!p'!&!+a l(& '!&0l+a)(& :0! la !4p'!&a !&p!'a (-+!!'* &( 1!& pa'a al"a6a'* !&+a-l!"#)(& "0a+#+a+#a4!+! , )!+!'4#a)(& pa'a '!al#6a'&! +'a&"0''#)( 0 +#!4p( !&p!";1"(. Cla"a"#$ )! l(& (-9!+#(&2 E&+'a+5#"(& ( 5!!'al!&2 "(4p'!)! +()a la !4p'!&a , &! !&+a-l!"! a la'5( pla6(. T%"+#"(& ( )!pa'+a4!+al!&2 &! '!1!'! a 0 %'!a ( )!pa'+a4!+( )! la !4p'!&a* &! !&+a-l!"! a "('+( ( 4!)#a( pla6(. Op!'a"#(al!& ( !&p!";1"(& &! !&+a-l!"! ! #!l!& ( &!""#(!& 4%& !&p!";1"a& )! la !4p'!&a ! #a'#a-l!4!+! &( a "('+( pla6(.
BIBLIOGRA&A •
T!'', G!('5! R.* 'al# S+!p8! G. “Principios de administración ” F !)#"#$* E)#+('#al C(4pa3;a !)#+('#al C(+#!+al* S.A. )! CV.* M<#"(.HJ
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Sala6a' ('!& L0#& E)0a')(. “Lapla!a"#(* !l -ala"!) &"('!"a') , 0a p'(p0!&+a pa'a !l -a"( )!la a"#$”. L#4a* P!'@. K 0)a4!+(& )! la +!(';a )! la pla#1"a"#$ E. a'la. “P'("!&( A)4##&+'a+#( >Pla!a"#$?”* A)4##&+'a"#$ )! E4p'!&a&* a"a)4#"a* 0l#( KF. G'a)a E&"(-a' R0- Da';(* “C(+a-#l#)a)”. C(+'(l ! #)#"a)('!& )! 5!&+#$ pa'a !l )!&a''(ll( !4p'!&a'#al. S!p+#!4-'! K.