Using within min. -29 General
to max. 425 °C
°C
The Carbon Equipvalent (CE) for carbon steel intended for welding shall not exceed 0.43% base on the long formula: CE=C + Mn / 6 + ( Cr + Mo + V ) / 5 + ( Cu + Ni ) / 15 Service ce
A) Carbon Steel
Pipes Pipes
Non-corrosiv Non-corrosive piping system ( fresh fresh water, water, plant air, nitrogen nitrogen,, fuel gas, etc.) ASTM A106 Gr.B, Gr.B, API API 5L Gr.B Gr.B
Applications F it titi ng ng s
A S TM TM A 2 34 34 G r .W .W P B
Natural Rubber->NR F or or gi gi ng ng s
Styrene Butadiene Rubber->SBR
A ST ST M A1 A1 05 05
Neoprene Rubber->CR Butyl Rubber->IIR
General
Using if the minimum m um service temperature e mperature is below -29 -29
°C
Chlorosulphonated polyethylene->CSM Nitrile Butadiene Rubber->NBR, HNBR Ethylene Propylene Rubber->EPDM
Service ce
I) Elastomeric
Low temperature non-corr non-corrosive osive piping system ( flare flare system )
P ip ip e s
Fluoroelastomers->FKM
B) Low Temp Carbon Steel
A S TM TM A 3 33 33 G Grr ..6 6
Applications
Perfluoro Polymer->FFKM
F it titi ng ng s
A S TM TM A 4 20 20 G r .W .W P L6 L6
Fluor-Silicone Rubbers->VMQ, PMQ, FMQ Polyurethane Rubbers->AU,EU
F o rg i ng s
Glassfibre Rainforced Epoxy->GRE
The use of austenitic stainless steel in offshore is limited to a maximum service temperature of 60 °C
Glassfibre Rainforced Vinylester->GRV No use in hydrocarbon and methanol system Glassfibre Rainforced Plastic->GRP
Maxinternal design temperature 20 bargs Design temperature range for -40 °C up to 95°C for epoxy and up to 80°C for vinylester
A S TM TM A 3 50 50 G r .L F 2
General
H) Non-Metallic
Using
Using when the corrosion rate is too high to use carbon steel ( typical more than 3mm or 6mm max. corrosion allowance for the design life ) Any hydrostatic testing of austenitic stainless steel shall be conducted with water containing less than 2 mg/kg chlorides, and any open ends sealed after drying to ensure no moisture ingress.
Commonlly used for the sea water system in offshore Service
C) Austenitic Stainless Steel Plasticised Polyvinyl chloride->PVC
Pipes Pipes
Unplasticised PVC->UPVC
Fuel gas, chemical injection, instrument air, wet hydrocarbon ( corrosive ). ASTM A312 A312 Gr.TP304/3 Gr.TP304/304L, 04L, ASTM A312 A312 Gr.TP316/31 Gr.TP316/316L 6L
Application
Polyethylene->PE
Basic Material
Fittings
Polyamide->PA Polypropylene->PP
ASTM 403 Gr.WP304/304L, ASTM 403 Gr.WP316/316L
Forging Forgings s
ASTM A182 A182 Gr.F304/3 Gr.F304/304L, 04L, ASTM A 182 Gr.F31 Gr.F316/316 6/316L L
PolyTetraFluoroEthyleme->PTFE Polychlorotrifluoroethylen->PCTFE Perfluoralkoxy->PFE
Fluoropolymers
Using when the the design condition is exceed the limit do SS316
G) Thermoplastic
General
Fluorinated ethylene propylene->FEP Polyvinylidenefluoride->PVDF Polyphenylenesulpone->PPS Cross-linked Polyethylene->PEX Polyketone->PK
Service P i pe pe s
D) Duplex Stainless Steel Application
Polyetheretherketone->PEEK Including Inconel and incoloy
Any hydrostatic testing of austenitic stainless steel shall be conducted with water containing less than 2 mg/kg chlorides, and any open ends sealed after drying to ensure no moisture ingress.
F itit titi ng ng s F o rg rg i ng s
A S TM TM A 79 79 0 UN UN S S3 S3 1 80 80 3 A S TM TM A 8 15 15 U NS NS S 3 1 80 80 3 A S TM TM A 18 18 2 G r.r. F5 F5 1
Nickel Alloys
Commonly used because of the high ppm Monel is a nickel-copper alloy, 10%~90% commonly used
Cr-Mo heat resistant steel contain 0.5~9% Cr and 0.5~1.0% Mo. Carbon content max 0.20%
Monel
Service: sea water General Cu-Ni 90/10, Cu-Ni 70/30
Copper-Nickel
Services: sea water piping system Good corrosion resistance, especially chlorite induced pitting and stress-corrosion cracking
These Alloy Steels are used up to max temperature about 650 °C
F) Non-Ferrous Alloy
Elevated Temperature Services
Pipes Pipes
ASTM A 335 Gr.P Gr.P11, 11, A335 A335 Gr.P22 Gr.P22
Non-Alloyed grade Titanium
Good resistance to oxidizing media, e.g. nitric acid Resistance to reducing media superior to non-alloyed titanium
Supplied in normalized and tempered, quenched and tempered or annealed condition
Appication
Alloyed grade
Fittings t ings
ASTM A234 Gr. Gr.WP11, WP11, A234 Gr.WP22 Gr.WP22
Forgin Forgings gs
E) Alloy Steel General
ASTM A182 Gr.F11, .F11, A182 Gr.F Gr.F22 22
Application with temperature form 0 °C to –195°C, Nickel steels is typically used P ip ip e s
A S TM TM A 33 33 3 G r. r. 3
Low Temperature Services Application
F itit titi ng ng s F o rg i ng ng s
A S TM TM A 4 20 20 G r .W .W P L3 L3 A S TM TM A 3 50 50 G r .L F 3
