PHP MySQL Basic - Training Slides.ppt

Introduction to PHP & MySQL

A 4 days Course Presented by

Shaizar Md Daud @ Jat

Course Outline    

       

Introduction to HTML Introduction to PHP PHP - The Language Using Variables Giving Your Code Life – Flow Control Using Functions Creating Custom Functions Making Things Constant Variable Scope – Now You See Me, Now You Don‟t! Introduction to Database & MySQL Using MySQL from PHP Putting things Together – Lab Project 9 - 12 April 2007

Trainer: Shaizar Md Daud ([email protected])

Day 1   

Introduction to HTML Introduction to PHP PHP - The Language

9 - 12 April 2007


What is HTML? 

Hyper-Text Markup Language –

– – – – – –

Language for creating web pages Defines format & layout of a document Documents are Portable Link multiple documents Local and remote documents A simple text file Tag-based language

9 - 12 April 2007


HTML Markup Tags 

Single Tags –

No Content or Child Tags

Syntax: or Example:

,
,

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HTML Markup Tags, cont’d 

Start and End Tags –

Contains Content or Child Tags

Syntax: Some Content Example:

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

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HTML Comments 

Comments are not rendered (displayed)

Syntax: Example:

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HTML Document Structure  

Document Type Declaration HTML Container – –

HTML Header HTML Body

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DOCTYPE HTML Document Structure

Common DOCTYPEs:

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HTML Container Tags HTML Document Structure Start Tag

End Tag

Description

HTML Container

HTML Header Section

HTML Body Section

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HTML Layout Tags Start Tag

End Tag

-

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Description Paragraph Text Insert Line Break Division Block


HTML Text Formatting Tags Start Tag

End Tag

Bold Text

Bold Text

Italic Text

Underline Text

-

Horizontal Line

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Description

Text Headers [ n = 1 – 6 ] Apply Format Elements to Text Trainer: Shaizar Md Daud ([email protected])

HTML List Tags Start Tag

End Tag

Description

Ordered List

Unordered List

List Item

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Ordered List Tag Syntax:
[ list items ]

Example:

Item 1

Item 2

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Unordered List Tag Syntax:
[ list items ]

Example:

Item 1

Item 2

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HTML Table Start Tag

End Tag

Description

Table Container

Table Row

Table Data

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HTML Table Example

Row 1, Column 1 Row 1, Column 2

Row 2, Column 1 Row 2, Column 2

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HTML Tags HTML Links Start Tag

End Tag

Anchor link to a URL.

Anchor link to an Target ID.

Target ID to link to.

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Description


HTML Forms Start Tag

End Tag

Description

Form Container

-

Select Box Container

Select Box Options

<br /> <br />

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Input Fields

Text Box


Form Tag Syntax:
” method=“[ GET | POST ]”> Example: . . . . . .

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Input Tag 

Attributes –

type 

– – –

– –

TEXT | CHECKBOX | RADIO | PASSWORD | HIDDEN | SUBMIT | RESET | BUTTON

name value size maxlength checked 9 - 12 April 2007


Input Tag, cont’d Example:

Male Female Yes 9 - 12 April 2007


Select Tag 

Attributes – – –

name size multiple

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Option Tag   

Used within SELECT tags. Defines SELECT Items. Attributes – –



value selected

CDATA = Select item label

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SELECT … OPTION Example:

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SELECT … OPTION (multiple) Example:

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TextArea Tag 

Attributes – – –



rows cols wrap: [ soft | hard | off ]

CDATA –

Text to be displayed in the form field.

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TextArea Tag, cont’d Example: Text displayed in TextArea form field.<br /> <br /> It supports multiple text lines.

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What is PHP      

 

Scripting Language Server-side Scripting Embedded Scripts Based on C, C++, and Perl Create web pages dynamically Multi-platform (*nix, Windows) Supports Apache and IIS web server CGI or Server Module 9 - 12 April 2007


Server-side vs Client-side 

Server-side –

Pro    

–



–

More secure Client independent Light-weight Client Easier deployment

 

Powerful hardware High server resource High Network resource

9 - 12 April 2007

Pro   

–

Con 

Client-side Better response Richer user interface No or lighter server requirements

Con   

Less secure Client dependent Challenging Deployment Trainer: Shaizar Md Daud ([email protected])

PHP Basic Construct HTML Section

HTML Title

?>

HTML Section

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Language Syntax 

Start PHP Section –



End PHP Section –



PHP Statement –

A_php_statement;

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PHP Comments   



Not executed Source-code documentation Disable parts of codes C-style Comments – –



// Single line comment /* Multi-line comment */

Perl-style Comments (not recommended) –

# Perl-style single line comment

9 - 12 April 2007


Day 2  

Using Variables Giving Your Code Life – Flow Control

9 - 12 April 2007


Data Types Data Type

Description

String

“text”, „text‟

Integer

-2, -1, 0, 1, 2

Float Boolean

0.4, 1.234 True, false, 0,

Array Object Resource

Database, file 9 - 12 April 2007


Variables 

Syntax – –

   



$my_variable_1 $_my_variable

Case sensitive Container to hold a value or values Values can be changed Variable name starts with an alphabet or underscore Variable name consist of alphabets, underscores, and numbers

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Giving Variables a Value 

Examples – – –

$my_string = “My String”; $my_numbers = 123; $fn_return_value = my_function();

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Arrays   

Stores multiple values in a single variable Stored values can be of different types Index-based or Key-based

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Index-based Array  

Numeric indexes Examples – – –



$index_array[0] = “Item 1”; $index_array[1] = “Item 2”; $index_array[2] = “Item 3”;

Index starts from 0

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Associate Array  

Keys instead of numeric indexes Examples – – –

$kb_array[“one”] = “Item 1”; $kb_array[“two”] = “Item 2”; $kb_array[“three”] = “Item 3”;

9 - 12 April 2007


Constants  

Value is fixed once created Example – Creating constants – –



define(“MYCONST”, 23); define(“MYCONSTSTR”, “My String”);

Example – Using constants –

print “The value of MYCONST:” . MYCONST;

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Operators Operator

Description

Operator

=

Assignment

+

Addition

==

Equality

++

Increment

===

Exact Equality

-

Subtraction

Not

--

Decrement

&&

Logical AND

*

Multiply

||

Logical OR

/

Division

%

Modulo

!

>, >=

Greater (or Equal)

<, <=

Less (or Equal)

9 - 12 April 2007

.

Description

Concatenate (string) Trainer: Shaizar Md Daud ([email protected])

Form Variables   

$_GET[] $_POST[] $_REQUEST[]

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Flow Control  

Conditional Statements Loops

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IF Statement Syntax: if ( ) { [ block to be executed if is true ]

}

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IF … ELSE Syntax: if ( ) { [ block to be executed if is true ]

} else { [ block to be executed if is false ] }

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IF … ELSE IF Syntax: if ( ) { [ block to be executed if is true ]

} else if ( ) { [ block to be executed if is true ] }

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Nested IF Syntax: if ( ) { [ block to be executed if is true ]

if ( ) { [ block to be executed if is true ] } [ continue ] }

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Example of IF Statements if( $_POST[„location‟] == „sel‟ ) { print “Selangor”; } if( $_POST[„age‟] <=18 ) { print “You must be above 18”; } else { print “You may proceed”; } 9 - 12 April 2007


Loops   

WHILE loop FOR loop FOREACH loop

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WHILE Loop Syntax: while ( ) { [ block to be executed

while is true ] }

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WHILE Loop Example Example: $i = 0; while( $i print . . $i++; }

< sizeof( $profile ) ) { “Item $i: “ $profile[ $i ] „
‟;

9 - 12 April 2007


FOR Loop Syntax: for ( ; ; ) { [ block to be executed

while is true ] }

9 - 12 April 2007


FOR Loop Example Example: for ( $i = 0; $i < sizeof( $profile ); $i++ ) { print “Item $i: “ . $profile[ $i ] . „
‟; }

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FOREACH Loop Syntax 1: foreach ( as ) { [ block to be executed for each item in array ]

} Syntax 2: foreach ( as => ) { [ block to be executed for each item in array ] }

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FOREACH Loop Example Example 1: foreach ( print . . }

$profile as $item ) { “Item: “ $item „
‟;

Example 2: foreach ( print . . }

$profile as $key => $item ) { “Item “ . $key . “: “ $item „
‟;

9 - 12 April 2007


Day 3    

Using Functions Creating Custom Functions Making Things Constant Variable Scope – Now You See Me, Now You Don‟t!

9 - 12 April 2007


Using Functions Syntax: function_name([]) Example:

echo date(); echo date( ‘d-m-Y’ ); $a = sprintf( ‘hello’ );

9 - 12 April 2007


User-defined functions Syntax: function function_name() { }

function function_name($param1, $param2=2) { return $rv; }

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Variable Scope 

Global Scope –



Local Scope –



Accessible throughout script Accessible within a function

GLOBAL keyword –

Access global variables within a function

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Global keyword Example: $cfgHost = „localhost‟; function getHostName() {

global $cfgHost; $label = „The hostname is: „; // local scope. echo $label . $cfgHost; }

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Inserting External Files    

include([]); include_once([]); require([]); require_once([]);

9 - 12 April 2007


Day 4   

Introduction to Database & MySQL Using MySQL from PHP Putting things Together – Lab Project

9 - 12 April 2007


Database  

A structured collection of data Contains 1 or more Tables

9 - 12 April 2007

db1 db1.table_1

db1.table_3

db1.table_2

db1.table_4


Table   

Tables contain records Records contain fields Fields have values

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Creating a Database Syntax: CREATE DATABASE dbname; Example:

CREATE DATABASE training;

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Using a Database Syntax: USE dbname; Example:

USE training;

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Creating a Table Syntax: CREATE TABLE table_name ( field1_name

field_spec,

field2_name

field_spec

); Example: CREATE TABLE student (

st_id

bigint primary key auto_increment,

st_fname varchar(100), st_age

tinyint unsigned

); 9 - 12 April 2007


Querying a Table Syntax: SELECT FROM [ WHERE ];

Example: SELECT * FROM student; SELECT * FROM student WHERE st_age > 20;

9 - 12 April 2007


Inserting a Record Syntax: INSERT INTO `table_name` () VALUES (};

Example: INSERT INTO student (st_fname, st_age) VALUES ( „Ahmad Albab‟, 20 );

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Updating a Record Syntax: UPDATE table_name SET [ WHERE ];

Example: UPDATE student SET st_fname = „Jat‟, st_age = 22 WHERE st_id = 1;

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Deleting a Record or Records Syntax: DELETE FROM table_name [ WHERE ]; Example:

DELETE FROM student WHERE st_id = 2; DELETE FROM student WHERE st_age < 18;

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PHP Functions for MySQL PHP Function

Description

mysql_connect()

Connect to a MySQL database server

mysql_select_db()

Make a database active

mysql_query()

Execute SQL statement on active database

mysql_fetch_array()

Fetch a row from query result and return as data as an array of fields and values

mysql_insert_id()

Returns the last inserted ID from an auto_increment field

mysql_error()

Returns the last MySQL error message.

9 - 12 April 2007


mysql_connect() Syntax: resource mysql_connect ( [string server [, string username [, string password [, bool new_link [, int client_flags]]]]]); Example:

$dbh = mysql_connect( „localhost‟, „root‟, „‟ );

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mysql_select_db() Syntax: bool mysql_select_db ( string database_name [, resource link_identifier] ) Example: $stat = mysql_select_db( „training‟, $dbh );

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mysql_query() Syntax: resource mysql_query ( string query [, resource link_identifier] ) Example: $rh = mysql_query( „SELECT * FROM student‟, $dbh );

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mysql_fetch_array() Syntax: array mysql_fetch_array ( resource result [, int result_type] ) Example: $row = mysql_fetch_array( $rh );

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mysql_insert_id() Syntax: int mysql_insert_id( [resource link_identifier] )

Example: $newId = mysql_insert_id( $dbh );

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mysql_error() Syntax: string mysql_error( [resource link_identifier] ) Example:

$errMsg = mysql_error( $dbh );

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Putting It All Together 

Lab Project

9 - 12 April 2007


Thank You   

Shaizar Md Daud @ Jat [email protected] Tel: 012-311 2506

9 - 12 April 2007


Row 1, Column 1	Row 1, Column 2
Row 2, Column 1	Row 2, Column 2

PHP MySQL Basic - Training Slides.ppt

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