PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES vs. ANTONIO MAGAT y LONDONIO [GR No. 130026 | May 31, 2000 | Per Curiam | Rai Rai]
Crime: Two count o! ra"e #$CT% Two Two in!ormation &'e(, &'e(, c)ar*in* accue(+a""e''ant wit) wit) ra"e n arrai*nment, accue(+a""e''ant pleaded guilty but bargained for a lesser penalty o T)e mot)er o! com"'ainant an( t)e "u-'ic "roecutor a*ree( a*ree( wit) t)e "'ea -ar*ain iue( an r(er &n(in* accue( Ma*at *ui'ty -eyon( reaona-'e (ou-t o TC iue( o! ra"e an( entencin* )im to a ai' term o! 10 year "er cae /anuary 10, 1 $!ter $!ter 3 mont) 4 cae were re5i5e( re5i5e( on intance o! com"'ainant on t)e *roun( t)at t)e "ena'ty im"oe( wa too 'i*)t7 $ccue(+a""e''ant re+arrai*ne( re+arrai*ne( on -ot) in!ormation, to w)ic) )e "'ea(e( o NT G89T; Tria' on merit enue( o Tria' T)e "roecution "reente( "reente( two witnee: witnee: t)e me(ico+'e*a' o mot)er u'y 3, 1 4 a-out a mont) mont) a!ter, t)e accue(+a""e''ant accue(+a""e''ant entere( a*ain a "'ea "'ea o! G89T; were rea( to )im in in -ot) ?n*'i) an( Ta*a'o* Ta*a'o* an( )e wa o T)e in!ormation were re"eate('y a@e( a@e( a to w)et)er )e un(ertoo( )i c)an*e o! "'ea an( t)e coneAuence o! ai( "'ea TC TC 4 !oun( Ma*at *ui'ty o! crime o! ra"e an( wa wa entence( to (eat) -y 'et)a' inection %ent to %C on automatic re5iew • •
•
•
•
•
•
ARGUMENT ONE t)at t)e TC erre( in re+arrai*nin* an( "rocee(in* into tria' (e"ite t)e !act t)at )e )a( a'rea(y -een con5icte( -ae( on )i "'ea o! *ui't t)e ori*ina' or(er )a( attaine( &na'ity ince t)e "roecution (i(n>t a""ea' or o mo5e !or reconi(eration or mo5e( to et ai(e t)e or(er t)ere!ore, t)ere!ore, t)e or(er )ou'( no 'on*er -e et ai(e or mo(i&e( e5en i! t)e o "ena'ty im"oe( in t)e ai( or(er wa too 'i*)t )e a'o "oit t)at t)e re+arrai*nment re+arrai*nment an( tria' on t)e ame in!ormation 5io'ate( )i ri*)t a*aint (ou-'e eo"ar(y •
•
B9NG The Jan 10 1!!" order of T# $on%i$ting &'& on his o(n plea of guilt is )OI* &+ INITIO -ecaue t)e $D$> "'ea i not t)e "'ea -ar*ainin* contem"'ate( an( a''owe( -y 'aw an( ru'e o! "roce(ure "roce(ure E)en i "'ea -ar*ainin* a''owe(F %ec 2, Ru'e 116 4 w)en an accue( "'ea( *ui'ty to a lesser oene o o P'ea o! *ui'ty to a 'eer oene. 4 T)e accue(, wit) t)e conent o! t)e oen(e( "arty an( t)e &ca', may -e a''owe( -y t)e tria' court to "'ea(
•
o
*ui'ty to a 'eer oene, re*ar('e o! w)et)er or not it i neceari'y inc'u(e( in t)e crime c)ar*e(, or i co*niHa-'e -y a court o! 'eer uri(iction t)an t)e tria' court. No amen(ment o! t)e com"'aint or in!ormation i neceary. $ con5iction un(er t)i "'ea )a'' -e eAui5a'ent to a con5iction o! t)e oene c)ar*e( !or "ur"oe o! (ou-'e eo"ar(y.7
9n intant cae: t)e $D$ (i( NT "'ea( to a 'eer oene -ut "'ea(e( *ui'ty to rape c)ar*e an( on'y -ar*aine( !or a lesser penalty . )e (i( not "'ea -ar*ain -ut ma(e con(ition on t)e "ena'ty to -e im"oe( ?RRN?8% -ecaue -y "'ea(in* *ui'ty to t)e oene c)ar*e(, $D$ )ou'( -e entence( to t)e "ena'ty w)ic) )e "'ea(e( • •
?ence o! a "'ea o! *ui'ty t)at accue( a(mit $=%8T?; an( 8NCN9T9N$; )i *ui't an( re"oni-i'ity !or t)e oene im"ute( to )im. an accue( M$; NT a(mit *ui't "ro5i(e( t)at a certain "ena'ty wi'' -e *i5en to )im t)i i a con(itiona' "'ea o! *ui'ty /NT $E?
•
9n intant cae: t)i wa un(ou-te('y a con(itiona' "'ea TC )ou'( )a5e 5acate( uc) a "'ea an( entere( a "'ea o! not *ui'ty •
$'o in eect, u(*ment ren(ere( -y TC -ae( on a 5oi( "'ea -ar*ainin* i a'o I9 $= 9N9T9, t)u cannot -e coni(ere( to )a5e attaine( &na'ity sin$e ,udg-ent of $on%i$tion rendered against &'& is %oid double ,eopardy (ill not lie BE?I?R, w)ate5er were t)e error in t)e arrai*nment o! $D$ are coni(ere( wai5e( -ecaue o! t)e re+arrai*nment, ince )e (i( not Auetion t)e "roce(ura' error in )i &rt arrai*nment ARGUMENT TWO t)ere wa "ro"er -ai !or ettin* ai(e an 10, 1 or(er -ecaue t)e TC erre( in not &n(in* t)at )e ma(e an im"ro5i(ent "'ea o! *ui'ty o TC> !au't -ecaue t)ey (i( not com"'y wit) "roce(ure in Ru'e 116, %ec 3 o Recor( o! t)e cae !ai' to u""ort TC> aertion t)at t)ey con(ucte( a earc)in* inAuiry to (etermine t)at t)e $D$ 5o'untari'y entere( )i "'ea o! *ui'ty wit) !u'' un(ertan(in* an( coneAuence o! )i "'ea No e5i(ence t)at t)e TC con(ucte( earc)in* inAuiry accor(in* to t)e ru'e o •
B9NG Preent ru'e i! accue( "'ea( *ui'ty to a ca"ita' oene, TC i u""oe( to Con(uct earc)in* inAuiry into t)e 5o'untarine an( !u'' com"re)enion o! t)e coneAuence o! )i "'ea ReAuire t)e "roecution to "reent e5i(ence to "ro5e t)e *ui't o! t)e accue( an( t)e "recie (e*ree o! )i cu'"a-i'ity To a@ t)e accue( i! )e o (eire to "reent e5i(ence in )i -e)a'! an( a''ow )im to (o o i! )e want
•
•
•
9n intant cae: %C i con5ince( t)at TC u(*e !ait)!u''y (ic)ar*e( t)i (uty
•
•
a-ence o! trancri"t o! teno*ra")ic note o! t)e "rocee(in* (urin* arrai*nment (o not ma@e t)e "roce(ure Jawe( minute o! "rocee(in* )ow t)at t)e u(*e rea( in!ormation to $D$ in -ot) ?n*'i) an( Ta*a'o*, a@e( )im Auetion a-out )i un(ertan(in* o! t)e coneAuence o! )i "'ea, )i e(ucationa' attainment an( occu"ation
$'o 4 "roecution )a a'rea(y "reente( it e5i(ence. ?5en i! t)ere wa an im"ro5i(ent "'ea o! *ui't, t)e e5i(ence on recor( can utain t)e con5iction o! t)e $D$. $D$ a'o (i(n>t "reent e5i(ence to re-ut "roecution> e5i(ence nor teti&e( on )i -e)a'! to (eny t)e tetimony o! t)e com"'ainant Gi5e im"reion t)at )e ac@now'e(*e t)e c)ar*e a*aint )im •
•
T)ere )a5e -een time w)en t)e %C et ai(e cae -ae( on im"ro5i(ent "'ea o! *ui'ty, -ut t)i wa -ecaue t)e "'ea i t)e %? =$%9% o! t)e u(*ment o! con5iction. in t)i cae, t)ere> e5i(ence "'u $D$ wa !u''y in!orme( o! t)e nature o! t)e c)ar*e a*aint )im an( t)e Aua'i!yin* an( a**ra5atin* circumtance recite( in t)e in!ormation •
$% 4 $D$> econ( "'ea o! *ui'ty 5a'i(ate( )i &rt "'ea o! *ui'ty. 9t remo5e( any reaona-'e (ou-t a to )i *ui't.