PDF Culture Essay

ATIRIAFL RHIMKIM@ FQQI@MENMR(4364)

AJ^TQN AJBN ? SAT334> AJ^TQN RIRLN ? ATIRIAFL RHIMKIM@ RJSIA

? A^LR^TN

@TJ^S

? GR31

@TJ^S MFEN

? RNMFAIJ^Q QYMNT@Y

LIQR JG @TJ^S ENEDNTQ

? 6) 4) 1) 2) >)

LNAR^TN MFEN? SM-MJT HFQTIMF DIMRI

EJHFEFBCQ^LFIEFM

RQ

Sf`n 6


Ajmrnmrq 

















Bngimirijm jg a~lr~tn Tnliìjmq fmb qsitir~fliry Gfeily qrt~ar~tn fmb efttif`n @tnnrim`q Gnqriwflq A~iqimn Aljrhim` Lfm`~f`nq Sntgjteim` ftrq Bfman Btfef fmb rhnfrtn E~qia Wiq~fl ftrq Eftrifl ftrq j

j

j





RQ

Sf`n 4


BNGIMIRIJM JG A^LR^TN A~lr~tn iq rhn ibnf, wfl~n fmb dnlingq jg f sftria~lft aiwilizfrijm fr f sftria~lft sntijb- Ir iq ejtn rhfm fmyrhim` nlqn, ‘F Qrfrn jg Eimb’- A~lr~tn iq rhn ibnf, wfl~n fmb dnlingq jg f sftria~lft aiwilizfrijm fr f sftria~lft sntijb- Ir iq ejtn rhfm fmyrhim` nlqn, ‘F Qrfrn jg Eimb’- A~lr~tn iq rhn eixr~tn jg qnwntfl rhim`q likn gfqhijm, e~qia, ftriqrty, dnhfwij~t, qjaifl mjteq, ftahirnar~tn fmb nwnm gjjb fmb btnqq qnmqn- F liwim`, widtfrim` fmb bymfeia fariwiry phiah nm`~lgq rhn phjln jg liwim`, im f antrfim sntijb jg rien- Rhiq iq phfr efknq ~s rhn phjln sfmjtfef jg j~t qjaifl gfdtia gilrntim` bjpm gtje rhn ~ssnt qrtfrf rj rhn dfqia tjjrq, rj rhn ajeejm efm jm rhn qrtnnr- Rhn Imbifm A~lr~tn fq pn kmjp ir rjbfy iq fm fqqieilfrijm jg qnwntfl qjaifl dnhfwij~tq- Imbif hfq dnnm f h~`n enlrim` sjr jg wftij~q dnlingq fmb dnhfwij~tq phiah efkn ~s rhn biggntnmr a~lr~tnq-

TNLI@IJMQ IM IMBIF Imbif kmjpm fq rhn lfmb jg qsitir~fliry fmb shiljqjshy, pfq rhn ditrhslfan jg qjen tnliìjmq, phiah nwnm nxiqr rjbfy im rhn pjtlb-Rhn ejqr bjeimfmr tnliìjm im Imbif rjbfy iq Himb~iqe- Fdj~r 83. jg Imbifmq ftn Himb~q- Himb~iqe iq f ajljtg~l tnliìjm pirh f wfqr `fllnty jg @jbq fmb @jbbnqqnq- Himb~iqe iq jmn jg rhn fmainmr tnliìjmq im rhn pjtlb- Ir iq q~ssjqnb rj hfwn bnwnljsnb fdj~r >333 ynftq f`j- Lfrnt jm im fmainmr sntijb jrhnt tnliìjmq bnwnljsnb im Imbif-Himb~iqe, D~bbhiqe fmb Ofimiqe, ftn qnnm fq rhn ejlbntq jg rhn Imbif shiljqjshy- Im 'ejbntm' sntijb mnp tnliìjmq pntn flqj nqrfdliqhnb im Imbif-Jmn ajesftfriwnly mnp tnliìjm im Imbif iq Qikhiqe fmb ir pfq nqrfdliqhnb im rhn 6>rh anmr~ty- Fdj~r 4. jg Imbifmq ftn Qikhq- Fljm` pirh rhn tnliìjmq rhfr bnwnljsnb im Imbif, rhntn ftn gjlljpntq jg mjm% Imbifm tnliìjmq- Rhn lft`nqr mjm%Imbifm tnliìjm iq Iqlfe- Rhny ftn fdj~r 64. jg Imbif'q sjs~lfrijm- Ahtiqrifmq ftn ejtn rhnm 4. jg Imbif'q sjs~lfrijm- Rhntn ftn flqj _jtjfqrtifmq phj nwnm rhj~`h efkn lnqq rhnm 3-36. jg Imbif'q sjs~lfrijm, ftn kmjpm ftj~mb Imbif- Rhntn ftn flqj f gnp rhj~qfmb Onpq im Imbif- O~bfiqe fmb Ahtiqrifmiry ei`hr hfwn fttiwnb im Imbif dngjtn rhny fttiwnb im N~tjsn -

RQ

Sf`n 1


GNQRIWFLQ IM IMBIF F gnqriwfl iq f anlndtfrijm jg lign- Gnqriwflq dtim` snfan fmb ojy rj rhn efqqnqRhny dtnfk rhn ejmjrjmy jg lign- Imbifm gnqriwflq ftn m~entj~q- Rhny ftn jg rhtnn rysnq% mfrijmfl, tnliìj~q fmb qnfqjmflRhn mfrijmfl gnqriwflq imal~bn Tns~dlia Bfy, Imbnsnmbnman Bfy, @fmbhi OfyfmirRhn tnliìj~q gnqriwflq jg Imbif imal~bn @~t~ Sftfw, Hjli, Ljhit, D~bbhfs~tmief, Efhfwit Ofyfmir, B~qqnhtf, Bipfli, Ofmefqrfei, Ahfrh, Mfwftfrti, Nib, Ahtiqrefq, rhn gnqriwflq jg rhn Sftqnnq fmb Onpq nra- Rhn qnfqjmfl gnqriwflq imal~bn Dhi, Dfiqfkhi, Jmfe, Sjm`fl, Dfqfmr Sfmahfmei -Imbifm gnqriwflq ftn m~entj~q- Rhny ftn hftejmij~q, tiah, wftinb fmb ajljtg~l-Imbifm gnqriwflq ftn wftinb fq rhn snjsln rhneqnlwnq-

Bipfli iq rhn ejqr stjeimnmr jg Himb~ gnqriwflq- Ir iq rhn gnqriwfl jg li`hrq- Rhn Himb~q anlndtfrn rhiq bfy rj ajeenejtfrn rhn tnr~tm jg Ljtb Tfef rj Fyjbhyf fgrnt rhn wiarjty jwnt Tfwfmf- ir iq rhn wiarjty jg `jjb jwnt nwil- Rhn hj~qnq ftn alnfmnb fmb phirnpfqhnb- Rhn snjsln pnft mnp aljrhnq- Jm rhiq bfy, snjsln gtje fll pflkq jg lign li`hr ~s rhnit hjenq- Atfakntq ftn d~tqr fmb rhn ahilbtnm fq pnll fq rhn yj~rh nmojy rhneHjli iq anlndtfrnb fr rhn nmb jg rhn pimrnt qnfqjm- Rhiq gnqriwfl eftkq rhn dnìmmim` jg qstim`- 'Tffqlilf' f a~lr~tfl bfman jg Efmis~t iq qrf`nb b~tim` rhiq gnqriwfl- Rhn bfman iq bnbiafrnb rj Ljtb Ktiqhmf fmb rhn `jsiq- Hjli f gnqriwfl jg ajljtq- Snjsln rhtjp ajljt jm jmn fmjrhnt- Ir iq anlndtfrnb im hjmjt jg Stfhlfb- Ir anlndtfrnq rhn wiarjty jg `jjb jwnt nwil- Ajljt iq fm nqqnmrifl sftr jg Hjli- D~r ir e~qr mjr dn qstfynb jm snjsln phj bj mjr pfmr rj slfy ir- Rhn d~tqrim` jg atfakntq qhj~lb dn qrjssnb- Gnqriwflq qhj~lb dn anlndtfrnb pirh qiesliairySnjsln dnljmìm` rj jrhnt ajee~mirinq qhj~lb dn imwirnb b~tim` tnliìj~q gnqriwflq- Rhiq pill hnls im stjejrim` mfrijmfl imrn`tfrijm fmb ajee~mfl hftejmy-

RQ

Sf`n 2


Gfeily qrt~ar~tn fmb efttif`n

Imbifm Fttfm`nb Efttif`n Rfeil efttif`nq ftn mjr wnty qhjpy fmb nxrtfwf`fmr fq Rfeilifmq dnlinwn im qiesln liwim`- Rfeil snjsln ftn wnty sftria~lft fdj~r rhnit a~qrjeq fmb rtfbirijmqHjpnwnt, Rfeil pnbbim`q ftn frrnmbnb dy biqrfmr tnlfriwnq fmb gtinmbq fmb hnman ftn hnlb jm f lft`n qafln- Rhntn ftn efmy pnbbim` tir~flq phiah ftn jdqntwnb dy rhne, pirhj~r phiah rhn efttif`n iq bnnenb imajeslnrn- Rhn iesjtrfmr Rfeil pnbbim` tir~flq ftn ìwnm dnljp-

Stn Pnbbim` Tir~flq Rhn pnbbim` tir~flq dnìm pirh Sfmbf Kffl E~h~trhfe- Fgrnt rhiq, rhn `tjje iq pnlajenb pirh rhn rtfbirijmfl fftri- Mnxr iq Wtfrhfe, phiah iq f qefll s~of jt`fmiznb dngjtn efttif`n-Rhn mnxr tir~fl iq Mffmbi, im phiah Dtfheimq ftn ìwnm ìgrq fmb qpnnrq- Miaahiyfbhftfrhfe iq rhn gjtefl nm`f`nenmr antnejmy, phntnim rhn dtibn fmb rhn `tjje nxahfm`n tim`qPnbbim` Tir~flq Jm rhn bfy jg rhn pnbbim`, Efm`flf Qmffmfe rfknq slfan, fq snt phiah rhn dtibn fmb rhn `tjje rfkn s~tigyim` dfrh-Rhnm rhn nxahfm`n jg `ftlfmbq rfknq slfan dnrpnnm rhn dtibn fmb rhn `tjje- Fgrnt rhiq, E~h~tr~e tir~fl rfknq slfan phntnim rhn `tjje rinq efm`flq~rtf fmb s~rq wnteillijm rj rhn dtibn- Q~dqnv~nmrly, rhny rfkn qnwnm tj~mbq fmb qnwnm wjpq ftj~mb rhn qfatnb gitn afllnb QfsrfsfbiSjqr Pnbbim` Tir~flq Fgrnt rhn pnbbim`, djrh rhn gfeilinq nxahfm`n ìgrq pirh nfah jrhnt- Rhiq iq afllnb Qfeefmbhi Eftiyfrhfi- Fgrnt fll rhn pnbbim` antnejminq ftn jwnt, rhn dtibn lnfwnq pirh hnt h~qdfmb gjt hnt eftirfl hjen-

RQ

Sf`n >


@TNNRIM@Q Mfefqkft*Mfefqkftfe) iq f ajeejm qsjknm wflnbiarijm jt qfl~rfrijm jtiìmfrim` gtje rhn Imbifm q~dajmrimnmr- Ir iq f a~qrjefty `tnnrim` phnm imbiwib~flq ennr, fmb f wflnbiarijm ~sjm rhnit sftrim`- F mjm%ajmrfar gjte jg qfl~rfrijm iq rtfbirijmflly stngnttnb im Imbif fmb Mfefqrn iq rhn ejqr ajeejm gjte jg q~ah f qfl~rfrijmPhnm qsjknm rj fmjrhnt sntqjm, ir iq ajeejmly faajesfminb dy f qli`hr djp efbn pirh hfmbq stnqqnb rj`nrhnt, sfleq rj~ahim` fmb gim`ntq sjimrnb ~spftbq, im gtjmr jg rhn ahnqr- Rhiq `nqr~tn, afllnb Föofli E~btĆ jt Stfmfefqfmf, afm flqj dn sntgjtenb pjtblnqqly fmb afttinq rhn qfen enfmimÈNFMIM@ Fq ir iq ejqr ajeejmly ~qnb, mfefqrn iq tj~`hly nv~iwflnmr rj $`tnnrim`q$ jt $`jjb bfy,$ im Nm`liqh, iesliairly pirh rhn ajmmjrfrijm $rj dn pnll$- Fq jssjqnb rj qhfkim` hfmbq, kiqqim` jt nedtfaim` nfah jrhnt im jrhnt a~lr~tnq, Mfefqrn iq f mjm%ajmrfar gjte jg tnqsnarg~l `tnnrim` fmb afm dn ~qnb ~miwntqflly philn ennrim` f sntqjm jg biggntnmr `nmbnt, f`n jt qjaifl qrfr~q-

RQ

Sf`n 7


ALJRHIM@ IM IMBIF Aljrhim` im Imbif wftinq gtje tnìjm rj tnìjm bnsnmbim` jm rhn nrhmiairy, `nj`tfshy, aliefrn fmb a~lr~tfl rtfbirijmq jg rhn snjsln jg rhfr tnìjmHiqrjtiaflly, enm fmb pjenm'q aljrhim` hfq nwjlwnb gtje qiesln Lfm`jrfq fmb ljimaljrhq rj ajwnt rhn djby rj nlfdjtfrn ajqr~enq mjr jmly ~qnb im bfily pnft d~r flqj jm gnqriwn jaafqijmq fq pnll fq tir~flq fmb bfman sntgjtefmanq- Im ~tdfm ftnfq, pnqrntm aljrhim` iq ajeejm fmb ~migjtely pjtm dy snjsln jg fll qrtfrfImbif flqj hfq f `tnfr biwntqiry im rnteq jg pnfwnq, gidntq, ajljtq fmb efrntifl jg aljrhim`- Ajljt ajbnq ftn gjlljpnb im aljrhim` dfqnb jm rhn tnliìjm fmb tir~fl ajmantmnb- Gjt imqrfman, Himb~q pnft phirn aljrhnq rj imbiafrn ej~tmim` philn Sftqiq fmb Ahtiqrifmq pnft phirn rj pnbbim`qPJENM’Q RTFBIRIJMFL ALJRHIM@

Qfti @hf`tf Ahjli (lnhnm`f ahjli) Qflpft Kfennz Ah~tibfft K~trf Sfrr~ Sfwfbfi jt Lfm`f bfwfmi E~mb~e Mntiyfrh~e ENM’Q RTFBIRIJMF1-6-6 Bhjri

L~mì Qhntpfmi Hnfb`nft Bfqrft Shnrf Eyqjtn Snrf Tfofqrhfmi sf`fti @fmbhi afs

RQ

Sf`n 0

ATIRIAFL RHIMKIM@ FQQI@MENMR(4364) LFM@^F@NQ Rhn lfm`~f`nq jg Imbif dnljm` rj qnwntfl lfm`~f`n gfeilinq, rhn efojt jmnq dnim` rhn Imbj%Ftyfm lfm`~f`nq (qsjknm dy 02. jg Imbifmq) fmb rhn Btfwibifm lfm`~f`nq (qsjknm dy 42. jg Imbifmq)- Jrhnt lfm`~f`nq qsjknm im Imbif dnljm` rj rhn F~qrtj%Fqifria, Ridnrj%D~tefm, fmb f gnp eimjt lfm`~f`n gfeilinq fmb iqjlfrnqFqqfenqn*Fxjeiyf Dnm`fli Djbj Bj`ti @~oftfri Himbi Kfmmfbf Kfqheiti Kjmkfmi Efirhili Eflfyflfe Efmis~ti (flqjEnirni jt Enirhni) Eftfrhi Mnsfli Jtiyf S~mofdi Qfmqktir Qfmrhfli Qimbhi Rfeil Rnl~`~ ^tb~

RQ

Sf`n 8


SNTGJTEIM@ FTRQ BFMAN Bfman im Imbif ajwntq f pibn tfm`n jg bfman fmb bfman rhnfrtn gjteq, gtje rhn fmainmr alfqqiafl jt rnesln bfman rj gjlk fmb ejbntm qrylnq -

♧ Alfqqiafl Imbifm Bfman 6- Dhftfrfmfryfe % Rfeil Alfqqiafl Bfman4- Jbiqqi % Jtiqqf Alfqqiafl Bfman1- K~ahis~bi % Rnl~`~ Alfqqiafl Bfman2- Efmis~ti % Efmis~t Alfqqiafl Bfman>- Ejhimiffrrfe % Kntflf Alfqqiafl Bfman7- Qfrrtiyf % Fqfenqn Alfqqiafl Bfman0- Kfrhfkfli % Eflfyflfe Alfqqiafl Bfman8- Kfrhfk % Mjtrh Imbifm Alfqqiafl Bfman 9-Bnwftfrrfe

♧ Imbifm Gjlk Bfman 6- K~eei 4-Sjikfl K~bitfi Frrfe 1-Kfefmbi 2-Kfefm Sfmbi`fi >-Kjlfrrfe 7-Efyil Frrfe (Snfajak bfman) 0-Rhnt~ Kjjrh~

RQ

Sf`n 9


BTFEF FMB RHNFRTN Imbifm btfef fmb rhnfrtn hfq f ljm` hiqrjty fljm`qibn irq e~qia fmb bfmanKflibfqf'q slfyq likn Qhfk~mrflf fmb En`hfbjjrf ftn qjen jg rhn jlbnt btfefq, gjlljpim` rhjqn jg Dhfqf- Jmn jg rhn jlbnqr q~twiwim` rhnfrtn rtfbirijmq jg rhn pjtlb iq rhn 4,333 ynft jlb K~riyfrrfe jg Kntflf-

E^QIA Imbifm e~qiafl imqrt~enmrq afm dn dtjfbly alfqqiginb imrj gj~t afrn`jtinq, efimly alfqqiafl, pnqrntm fmb gjlkDfof (Hftejmi~e) Dfmq~ti (Gl~rn) Ahierf (Rjm`) Bhjl (Dhfm`ftf Bt~e) Bhjlfk (gjlk Bt~e) Bilt~df (Djpnb) Efmoitf Mfbfqpftfe Mf`fqpftfe Qirft Rfdlf Rfms~tf (Rfed~tf, Rfedjjtf)

RQ

Sf`n 63


WIQ^FL FTRQ Imbifm Ftr iq rhn wiq~fl ftr stjb~anb jm rhn Imbifm q~dajmrimnmr gtje fdj~r rhn 1tb eillnmmi~e DA rj ejbntm rienq- Rj winpntq qahjjlnb im rhn Pnqrntm rtfbirijm, Imbifm ftr efy qnne jwntly jtmfrn fmb qnmq~j~q; fsstnaifrijm jg irq tngimnenmr ajenq jmly `tfb~flly, fq f t~ln- Wjl~sr~j~q gnnlim` iq ìwnm ~m~q~flly gtnn nxstnqqijm im Imbifm a~lr~tn- F qrtjm` qnmqn jg bnqi`m iq flqj ahftfarntiqria jg Imbifm ftr fmb afm dn jdqntwnb im irq ejbntm fq pnll fq im irq rtfbirijmfl gjteqNXFESLN JG WIQ^FL FTRQ?

6- Onpnlty 4- Rnesln fmb Qa~lsr~tn%ftr 1- Dtjmzn Qa~lsr~tn 2- Imbifm gtnqaj >- Eimifr~tn sfimrim` 7- Gjlk fmb rtidfl ftr 0- Ftr im rhn Dtiriqh sntijb 8- Ajmrnesjtfty ftr

RQ

Sf`n 66


EFTRIFL FTRQ Eftrifl ftrq iq f sftr jg Imbif’q fmainmr a~lr~tn fmb f rtfbirijmfl `fenq-Jtiìmflly f rtfbirijmfl gjte jg eftrifl ftr rhfr qrftrnb im Qj~rh Imbif, fmb mjp ir hfq biggntnmr mfenq fmb biggntnmr gjteq im rhn a~lr~tn jg rhn tnìjmq im Imbif- Kh~qri Rhn Imbifm Ptnqrlim` iq flqj f sftr jg Imbifm Eftrifl ftrq gj~mb rhtj~`hj~r rhn Imbif- Imbifm eftrifl ftrq hfq fm iesjtrfmr imgl~nman im rhn bnwnljsenmr jg ejbntm Fqifm eftrifl ftrq- Mjpfbfyq f qnmqn jg qnlg%bngnmqn fmb gjt girmnqq ljrq jg snjsln ftn jsrim` gjt eftrifl ftrq-Fq im jrhnt tnqsnarq jg Imbifm a~lr~tn, Imbifm eftrifl ftrq afm dn tj~`hly biwibnb imrj mjtrhntm fmb qj~rhntm qrylnqNXFESLN JG EFTRIFL FTRQ?

Kflftissfyfrr~ Qilfedfe @frkf E~qri y~bbhf Rhfm` Rf Lfrhi Eftbfmi Khnl Sfti%khfmbf

RQ

Sf`n 64

PDF Culture Essay

Recommend Documents