Descripción: Since the mid-1980s, the PCI Bridge Producers Committee and the PCI Committee on Bridges have led plans for the development of this comprehensive Bridge Design Manual. It was the consensus of bri...
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– Total force in topping – Compression due to sagging – Tension due to hogging
Contd.
Contd.
5.3 Shear – Shear Friction • § 11.6 of ACI 318M-08 – An existing or potential crack – Interface between dissimilar materials or – Interface between Concrete cast at different times Vu Avf f y
where μ is coeff. of friction
Contd.
5.4 Torsion • Low fixity compared to cast-in-situ members • Based on the Zia and McGee Proceedures – § 11.6.7 of ACI 318-05 : when d/b > 3
Cntd.
Cntd.
5.4 Torsion - Design
1. Determine Vu and Tu at critical section 2. If Tu ≤ Tu(min) Neglect torsion Vu T u 3. Ensure: Tn (max) and Vn (max)
(Avoid: potential compression failure due to over-reinforcing)
4. Calculate shear and torsion carried by concrete Tc and Vc 5. Stirrups for Tu - Tc & min. web reinforcement for ductility 6. Provide longitudinal reinforcement for diagonal tension due to torsion
5.5 Beams with Ledges (eg: L beams) • • • • • •
Shear strength of Ledge: Refer PCI handbook Transverse (Cantilever) Bending of Ledge Longitudinal Bending of Ledge Attachment of Ledge to Web Out-of-Plane Bending near Beam End Pocketed Spandrels Refer PCI Handbook (Important)
Cntd.
5.6 Bearing • On Plain Concrete: when Vu ≤ φ(0.85 f’c A1) • On RC: when Vu > φVn – Additional hooks