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Pathway Ckd
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Pathway Ckd
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Author:
Rizki August Cullen
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PATHWAY infeksi
vaskuler
reaksi antigen antibodi
zat toksik
arteriosklerosis
Obstruksi saluran kemih
tertimbun ginjal
Retensi urin
suplai darah ginjal turun
batu besar dan kasar
iritasi / cidera jaringan
menekan saraf perifer
hematuria anemia
nyeri pinggang GFR turun CKD/GGK
perpospatemia pruritis
MK: gangguan. integritas kulit
urokrom tertimbun di kulit
total CES naik
tek. kapiler naik gang. keseimbangan perubahan warna kulit asam - basa
Anemia sekresi eritropoitis turun
MK: resiko Ketidakseimbangan nutrisi < keb. tubuh
suplai nutrisi dalam darah turun
produksi Hb turun oksihemoglobin turun
MK: gangguan perfusi jaringan
vol. interstisial naik
suplai O2 kasar turun
MK: intoleransi aktivitas
prod. asam naik edema (kelebihan volume cairan)
as. lambung naik
nausea, vomitus
resiko gangguan nutrisi
SDM rusak saat HD
retensi Na
sekresi protein protein terganggu sindrom uremia
Hemodialisa
iritasi lambung infeksi gastritis mual, muntah
preload naik
perdarahan - hematemesis - melena anemia
beban jantung naik hipertrofi ventrikel kiri
MK: Penurunan curah jantung
GAGAL JANTUNG bendungan atrium kiri naik KIRI (CHF)
COP turun tek. vena pulmonalis
aliran aliran darah ginjal turunsuplai O2 jaringan turun RAA turun
metab. anaerob
retensi Na & H 2O naik timb. as. laktat naik MK: kelebihan vol. cairan
- fatigue - nyeri sendi
suplai O2 ke otak turun syncope (kehilangan kesadaran) MK: intoleransi aktivitas
kapiler paru naik Cairan berpindah ke intertitial
Akumulasi cairan >>
Akumulasi cairan >>
Edema Paru
Alveoli terisi cairan
MK: Gangguan pertukaran gas
Pertukaran gas di alveoli terganggu Perfusi jaringan terganggu
Brain
Iscemic jaringan otak: pons
Breath
Takipnea, dispnea
Blood
Bladder
Hipoksia
Perfusi ginjal
Bowel
Perfusi GIT
Retensi Na & H2O
Kesadaran – pusat pernafasan terganggu
pucat
Iscemic sal. pencernaan Produksi urin <<
Gagal nafas
Pemasangan ventilator
Mual, muntah
Control tekanan vent yg tidak sesuai
MK: Risiko cedera
Sumber: Smeltzer&Bare, 2001 Muttaqin & Sari, 2011 Jones & Fix, 2009
Bone
Kelemahan
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