m A branch of
prosthodontics concerned with the replacement or restoration of teeth or, both, by artificial substitutes that are not removable from the mouth.
u.
Abutment
2. Retainer 3. Connector 4. Pontic
ianne Stephanie M. Fadrigo
2 2 t is the artificial crown that is cemented over the abutment tooth.
m Pinlegde Retainer
- is occasionally used as a single restoration, generally to reestablish anterior guidance, in which case only the lingual surface is prepared.
SES: m Retainer for FP m o splint periodontally compromised tooth
Minimal tooth u. Has less resistance to structure is lost. distortion. 2. Optimal periodontal 2. t must be executed response is achieved. with greater than average skill and care. 3. Optimal esthetic results 3. Because of the first two can be attained. factors, its application is rather limited. u.
For anterior teeth: u. he coronal tooth structure is intact or nearly so. 2. Normal coronal form is present. 3. he crown of the tooth has average length r longer. 4. he tooth has average or greater labiolingual thickness in the incisal one-half of the crown. 5. he abutment teeth are in normal alignment or very nearly so.
u.
When caries or a restoration extends past the normal outline of the preparation. 2. he crown of the tooth exhibits abnormal form or other developmental deffects. 3. he crown of the tooth is so thin labiolingually. 4. Conditions exist that could cause excessive torsional force to be applied to the retainer.
Pamela Rose Manaloto
m t is a tooth, a portion of tooth,
or that portion of dental implant that serves to support and/or retain a prosthesis.
u. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Healthy/ deal Abutment Cantilever Abutments Pier Abutments ilted Abutment Endodontically treated abutment (depending on the amount of the remaining tooth structure) Periodontically weak teeth mplant abutments
An unrestored vital tooth in its normal anatomic position is considered as an ideal abutment. his deal abutment should have all the features like ideal crown root ratio, adequate thickness of enamel and dentin, adequate bone support, absence of periodontal diseases and proper contour of the gingiva.
O hese are abutments present only on one side of the edentulous space capable of taking support.
` t is a single tooth with two edentulous spaces on either side. n this case the single tooth will have to act as an abutment for both the edentulous spaces in the ental Bridge.
á n this abutment, either the design of the prosthesis should be modified or the tilt of the abutment should be corrected.
Ä
f a tooth is properly treated endodontically, it can serve well as an abutment with a post and core foundation for retention and strength.
m v m his abutment cannot take up occlusal load
as effectively as healthy abutment. m ã m his abutment is an implant and the design
of the prosthesis should be modified accordingly.
ianne Mamaid
m parts of a fixed partial
denture (FP) or splint that join the individual retainers and pontics together. m sually this is accomplished with rigid connectors
m RRigid Connector
Cast Connector Soldered Connector Loop Connector m NNon Rigid Connector
Precision type Non precision type
m t can be made by casting, soldering, welding or Loop
Connectors
m shaped in wax as part of a multiunit wax pattern. m Cast connectors are convenient and minimize the number
of steps involved in the laboratory fabrication m However, the fit of the individual retainers may be adversely affected because distortion more easily results when a multiunit wax pattern is removed from the die system.
Soldered connectors m involves the use of an intermediate metal alloy whose melting temperature is lower than that of the parent metal
Welding m another method of rigidly joining metal parts. Here the connection is created by melting adjacent surfaces with heat or pressure.
Loop Connectors m Although they are rarely used, loop connectors are sometimes required when an existing diastema is to be maintained in a planned fixed prosthesis.
ndications: èwhen it is not possible to prepare two abutments for an FP with a common path of insertion è n case of grade u mobility, where reduction of force is required èWhen inlay is present or indicated èShort edentulous span
Precision ype m involves a female part (mortise) prepared within the contour of the retainer and a male part (tenon) attached to the pontic and fitting into the female part
Non-precision type m could be in the form of occlusal rest, subocclusal rest or lingual rest
ennifer Katherine Su
m An artificial tooth on
fixed partial denture that replaces a missing natural tooth, restores its function, and usually fills the space previously occupied by the clinical crown.
h u. Saddle Pontic 2. Ridge lap Pontic 3. Modified ridge lap Pontic 4.Ovate Pontic 5. Bullet-shaped or conical or heart-shaped pontic 6. Spheroidal and modified spheroidal pontic 7. Sanitary or hygienic pontic 8. Modified sanitary or perel pontic or arc-fixed partial denture 9. Articulated pontic
m h
u. Metal-ceramic Pontic 2. Resin veneered Pontic 3. All metal Pontic m h
u. Custom-made pontic 2. Pre-fabricated pontic
m h u. Saddle Pontic m A pontic with a concave gingival surface that overlaps the ridge buccally and ligually. m he gingival surface will not have continuous contact with the ridge instead only the buccal and lingual ends of the gingival surface will contact the tissue. m Major disadvantage: ifficulty in maintenance. Special
instructions to floss (clean) the gingival surface should be given to the patient. m Generally avoided because they are very difficult to maintain and often leads to inflammation of the tissues in contact.
2. Ridge lap pontic m his pontic resemble natural tooth. m t is designed to adapt closely to the ridge. m t is avoided because it is difficult to maintain and often leads to inflammation of the tissues in contact.
3. Modified ridge lap pontic m Ridge lap pontic evolved from saddle pontic. m Less tissue contact, but difficult to maintain. m esign with a slight buccolingual concavity wherein food entrapment can occur. m Generally, this pontic is avoided because the buccolingual concavity is difficult to clean and maintain. m When the modified ridge lap is further reduced, they are known as lap facings.
4. Ovate Pontic m sed in cases where the residual ridge is defective or incompletely healed. Can also be used in broad and flat ridges. m esigned such that its cervical end extends into the defect of the edentulous ridge. m More aesthetic as it appears to arise from the ridge like a natural tooth. t is said to have evolved from root extended or root tipped pontics.
5. Bullet-shaped or conical or heart-shaped pontic m Has a convex tissue surface, which contacts the tissue at one single point without any pressure. m his pontic is very easy to clean and maintain. m Only disadvantage: poor aesthetics, due to wide embrasures. m ndication: Replacement of mandibular posterior
teeth where aesthetic is not a major concern.
6. Spheroidal and modified spheroidal pontic m hese pontics contact the tissue only at the ridge crest. m hey do not have concave gingival surfaces. m hey are indicated for cases with reduced inter-arch space, where the pontic should give the appearance of an exaggerated occlusogingival dimension.
7. Sanitary or hygienic pontics m Zero tissue contact m Easy to maintain m Highly unaesthetic m sed only for posterior teeth m he pontic should be at least 3 mm high occlusogingivally and at the same time provide adequate tissue clearance for easy maintenance. m .
m hree common designs can be employed while
fabricating a sanitary pontic hey are: h m Have a flat gingival surface that has sufficient gingival clearance. b m he gingival surface is convex both buccolingually and mesiodistally. m isadvantages: he sizes of the connectors are decreased, hence, the strength of the prosthesis is reduced and the mesial and distal contours of the pontic are difficult to maintain
c ! " m he gingival surface is to design to be a hyperparaboloid. t is concave mesiodistally and convex buccolingually. m he arch shape increases the size of the connectors and is easier to maintain.
m Bar sanitary pontic, Fish belly or conventional
sanitary pontic and and Modified sanitary pontic
D m here are modified pontics with inbuilt connectors. m he pontic is fabricated in two portions that fit on to one another during insertion. Refer split pontic and cross pin-wing connectors.
m h u ! Advantages: m Aesthetic m Biocompatible m Straightforward procedure isadvantages: m ifficult to fabricate if the abutment is not metal ceramic. ndications: m Most situations Contraindications: m Long span bridges.
O 2 Advantages: m Straightforward procedure m Conventional gold alloy substructure isadvantages: m Lesser strength compared to all metal pontics m Poor abrasion resistance m Staining at resin metal interface m Permeable to oral fluids m naesthetic ndications: m Long-term provisional restoration Contraindications: m efinitive restoration
` Advantages: m Strength m Single step procedure isadvantages: m Permeable to oral fluids m Poor aesthetics ndications: m Mandibular molars especially under high stress m Bruxism Contraindications: m Where aesthetic is more important
m h u. ! m Most commonly used type of pontics. m Fabricate individually for the patient. m A wax pattern is prepared and cast to prepare the pontic. m hey offer superior aesthetics and flexibility but the fabrication procedure is tedious compared to prefabricated pontics.
2 ! m hey are commercially available as porcelain pontics. m Should be adjusted according the individual requirement. m hey are finally reglazed and fit to a metal blacking (usually gold).
