OTN – Transporting Ethernet and SONET/SDH OTN Signal Structure
ODU Overhead
Information Structure
Layers
Client
h t a P k U D O
OPUk OH
OTLnominalbitrate
OTL3.4
255/236x 9953280kbps = 10754603.390 kbps
O TL 4 4.
2 5 5/ 2 27 x 2 4 8 83 2 0 0 k b ps = 27952 493.392kbps
O TL 4 1. 0
2 5 5/ 2 27 x 9 9 5 3 2 80 k b p s = 11180 997.357kbps
Lets users support path monitoring(PM),tandem connection monitoring(TCM), and automatic protection switching(APS).
Column# 1
FEC
OT Lk n .
Optical Multiplex Section
OT Lk n.
OTLk n .
H O d e t a i c o s s a n o N
Optical Transmission Section
OChr Payload
OChr Payload
OChr Payload
OChr Payload
6
7
9
OpticalMultiplexUnit
n * OTM-0.m (e.g.,ribboncable) n = number ofwavelengths m = list ofsupported bit rates in theOTM(e.g.,m = 12= OTU1and OTU2)
OTM-0.m
Frame Alignment Signal (FAS) 2
3
4
5
6
1
OTM-0.mvn (e.g.,100GBase-LR4)
PMbyte3, bits 6, 7, 8
9
10
SM
11
12
13
GCC0
•
255
4080 FEC
•
•
•
Information bytes
•
1
1st sub- row
011 100 101 110 111
SubClause I.2
Concatenated or Non-Concatenated Concatenated FEC
I.3
Concatenated FEC
I.4
Concatenated FEC
255
16th sub- row
TheFEC accordingto ITU-T G.709uses a Reed-Solomon RS(255,239) code.
I.6 I.7 I.8 I.9
Concatenated FEC (Softdecisioncapable) Non-conc c oncatenatedFEC ConcatenatedFEC Non-conc c oncatenatedFEC ConcatenatedFEC
1 2 3 4 5
UsedFECCode
RES
JC2
JC2
RES
Outer code:RS(255,239) Inner code:CSOC(n0 /k 0 = 7/6,J = 8) Outer code:BCH(3860,3824) Inner code:BCH(2040,1930) Outer code:RS(1023,1007) Inner code:BCH(2047,1952) Outer code:RS(1901,1855) Innercode:Extendedhamming product code(512,502) x (510,500) LDPCcode Twoorthogonally concatenat e nated ed BCH codes RS(2720,2550) Twointerleav l eaved extended BCH (1020,988) codes
JC2 RES
1 5 1 6 17 1 R ES ES J C A 2 RES JCB 3 RES NJO2 4 PSI NJO1 0 1
255
1 1 10
F o cr e ds w ti c h( F S)
1 10 0 1 01 0 1 0 00
S ig na na l f ai l ( SF ) S ig na na l d eg ra de de ( SD SD ) M an u al s wi t ch ( MS )
0 1 10 0 10 0
W a ti - o t -e r s to r e (W T R) E xe rc is e (E (E XE R)
o i t c e t o r P
B D R
0 1 I 15 P A
16
2
BIP-8i
D o no t re v er t (D NR )
3
1
0 x 00
2
3
1
2
3
Reserved v ed for o r futur u ture internationalstandardization ion
0
No A PS ch ann el
1
APS channel
0
1 +1 ( pe pe rm an en tb ri dg dg e)
1
1n : ( no pe pe rm an en t br id ge )
0
U ni di re re ct io na l s wi tc tc hi ng ng
1
B id ir ec ti on on al s wi tc tc hi ng
0
N on -r ev er ti ve ve o pe ra ti on
1
R ev er ti ve o pe ra ti on
5
1
6
BDI 4
BDI
2
3
4
7
TCM T-BERD®/MTS-6000A/8000
8
PM
8
SM(OTU)
STAT
5 6
B E /I B A I E
8
7
STAT
5 6
BEI
Operator specific
N or e qu e st ( N R)
Others
4
BEI/BIAE
SAPI 0 x 00
DAPI
0 0 00
0 Requested 1−254 signal 2 55 0 Bridged 1−254 signal 2 55
1
TTIi
31 32
R e ve r se r e qu e st ( R R)
0 0 01
255
Hexcode 01 02 03 04 05 05 06 07
B DI
7
STAT
(accordingto ITU-TG.709/G.798)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 T T T T T T p S E M R M M M M M M D D D D D D D
Fault indication codes Fault Definition indication code
BEI/BIAE
Normal traffic signal g nal 1−254 E xt ra ra t ra ffic s ig na l Null signal Normal traffic signal g nal 1−254 E xt ra ra t ra ffic s ig na l
ONTFamily
Detection Criteria
PM& TCM
63
Null signal
...
22
...
30
6
7
Interpretation E xp xp er er im en ta ta l ma pp in g A s yn c hr o no u sC B Rm ap p in g B i ts y nc h ro n ou s C B Rm a pp i ng A TM m ap pi ng G FP ma map pin g V i rt u al c o nc a te n at e ds i gn al 1 0 00 Ba s e- X i n to OP U0 m a pp i ng 40GBase-R into OPU3 100GBase-RintoOPU4 F C -1 2 00 i n to O D U2 e m ap p n i g GFPmappingintoextendedOPU2payload S TM -1 m ap pi pi ng i nt oO D U0 S T M- 4 m ap p n i g i nt o O D U0 F C -1 0 0 ma p pi n g i nt o O D U0 F C -2 0 0 ma p pi n g i nt o O D U1 F C -4 0 0 ma p pi n g i nt o O D Ufl e x F C -8 0 0 ma p pi n g i nt o O D Ufl e x Bitstreamwithoctettiming n g mapping Bitstreamwithout octettiming n g mapping I B S DR m ap p n i g i nt o O D Ufl e x I B D DR m ap p n i g i nt o O D Ufl e x I B Q DR m ap p in g i nt oO D Ufl e x O D Um ul t ip l ex s tr u ct u re s u pp o rt i ng ODTUkj only (AMP only) ODUmultiplexstructuresupporting ODTUk.tsorODTUk.tsandOTDUjk(GMPcapable) N ot a va li ab el N ot a va li ab el Reserved codes for proprietary e taryuse N U LL t e st s i gn a l ma p pi n g P RB S te s ts ig na l ma pp in g N ot a va li ab el
8
JC(1)
08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13 14 20
JC(1) NJO2/JC(1)
...
PJO3 PJO1,PJO2
PT Mapping& Concatenation specific
21 55 66 80 - 8F FD FE FF
OTNType OTUNominal BitRate
ODU Type
ODU Nomi nal Bi tR tRate
Example Cl ient Si Si gnal
—
—
ODU0
1.244160 G
1GE LAN
—
—
ODUflex
Client specific
MAC/IP
Abbreviation
Alarm/Error
Detection Criteria
OOF LOF OOM LOM
out offrame loss offrame out ofmultiframe loss ofmultiframe
FAS (bytes 3,4and 5) are errored for ≥ 5frames IfOOFpersists ≥ 3ms MFAS numbers errored for ≥ 5frames IfOOMpersists ≥ 3ms
OTU-SM SM-BIP-8
SMbit-interleavedparity
SM-BEI
SMbackwarderrorindication
OTU-AIS SM-BDI SM-IAE SM-BIAE
OTUalarmindicationsignal SMbackwarddefectindication SMincomingalignment error SMbackwardincomingalignmenterror
Mismatchoftherecoveredandcomputed BIP-8covers theOPUand payload SMbyte3,bits 1to 4: v a l ue 0 t o 8 : B I Pe r o rc o un t v au l e 9 t o1 5 : N oB I Pe r o rs va u l e 11 11: BI AE ac ac it ve PN-11sequencecoverscompleteOCh SMbyte3,bit 5= 1 ≥ 5frames SMbyte3,bit 6= 1 ≥ 5frames SMbyte3,bits 1to 4 = ‘1011’ ≥ 3frames
ODU-PM PM-BIP-8
PMBIP error
PM-BEI
PMbackwarderrorindication
ODU-AIS
ODUAIS
ODU-OCI ODU-LCK
ODUopenconnectionindication ODUlockeddefect
PM-BDI
PMbackwarddefectindication
ODU-TCM TCMi-BIP-8
TCMBIP
TCMi-BEI
TCMbackward error ror indication ion
TCMi-BDI TCMi-BIAE
TCMbackward defect indication TCMbackward incomingalignment error
0000 0000 No fault
OTUkSMBEI/BIAE bits 1, 2, 3, 4
Interpretation
0 ... 8
BIP error
9 ... 1 5
No BI P error
0 0001 Signalfail 0000 000 0000 0010 Signaldegraded 0000 0010 Reserved for future international 0000 0010 standardization • • •
BIAE, no BIP error
11
JC,NJO, and PJO generation with asynchronousmapping process
255/238x 2.488320G = 2.666057G
O DU 1
2 39 /2 38 x 2. 2. 488 320 G = 2. 49 87 75 G
ST S- 48/ ST M- 16
JC2
JC1
OTU1e
255/238x 10.312500 G = 11.049107 G
O DU 1e
2 39 /2 38 x 10 10 3 . 12 50 0 G= 1 0. 35 58 30 G
1 0G 0G EL EL AN
00
00
OTU1f
255/238 x 10.518750 G = 11.270089 G
O DU 1f
2 39 /2 38 x 10. 51 87 50 G =10 5. 62 94 6G
10 GF GF C
00
01
OTU2
255/237x 9.953280G = 10.709255G
O DU 2
2 39 /2 /2 37 x 9. 95 32 80 G = 1 0. 03 03 72 72 74 74 G
S TS -1 92 /S /S TM -6 -6 4W 4W AN
00
10
OTU2e
255/237x 10.312500 G = 11.095730 G
O DU 2e 2e
2 39 39 /2 /2 37 x 1 0. 0. 31 25 25 00 00 G = 1 0. 39 39 95 95 25 G
1 0 GE L AN
OTU2f
255/237 x 10.518750 G = 11.317642 G
O D U2 f
2 3 9/ 2 37 x 10 . 51 8 7 50 G = 10 . 6 07 5 1 6G
10GFC
00
11
OTU3
255/236x 39.813120G = 43.018414G
ODU3
2 3 9 /2 3 6 x 3 9 8. 1 31 2 0 G = 4 0. 3 1 92 1 9 G
STS-768/STM-256
OTU3e1
255/236x 4x 10.312500 G =44.570974576G
O DU 3 e1
2 39 39 /2 36 36 x 4 x 10 10 3 . 12 50 50 0 G =4 1 7. 7 43 6 44 0 7 G
OTU3e2
243/217x 16x 2.488320G = 44.583356G
ODU3e2
239/255 x 243/217 x 16 x 2.488320 G = 41.785969G
4 x O DU 2e 4x ODU2e
239/227 x 99.5328 00 G = 104.794446G
100 GE
Generic Mapping Procedure (GMP) The 14-bit C8 value indicates the number of data bytes per frame. C 8 = 15232 means maximum transport capacity and zero stuffing bytes. Data bytes and stuffing bytes are evenly distributed over the frame. ΣC1D value is used for one bit timing information when higher granularity is needed. Clients for which the 8-bit timing information in Cm with m=8 is sufficient (e.g., 1000Base-X client mapping) will not use ΣC 1D, and JC4/5/6 will be all zeros.
Mismatchoftherecoveredandcomputed BIP-8covers theOPUand Payload PMbyte3,bits 1to 4: v a l ue 0 t o 8 : B I Pe r o rc o un t v au l e 9 t o1 5 : N oB I Pe r o rs PMbyte3,bits 6to 8= ‘111’ ≥ 3frames and ODUexceptFTFLfilledwithAll-1s PMbyte3,bits 6to 8= ‘110’ ≥ 3frames and ODUfilledwith‘01100110ODU PMbyte3,bits 6to 8= ‘101’ ≥ 3frames and ODUfilledwith‘01010101’ PMbyte3,bit 5= 1 ≥ 5frames
C C
01
*
11
*
NJO1 Just. byte Data byte Just. byte Just. byte Data byte Just. byte
NJO2 Just. byte Just. byte Just. byte Just. byte Data byte Just. byte
PJO1 Data byte Data byte Just. byte Just. byte Data byte Just. byte
PJO2 Data byte Data byte Just. byte Data byte Data byte Just. byte
PJO3 Data byte Data byte Data byte Data byte Data byte Just. byte
2.5 Gtime slot 1516 17 ...
Interpretation No justification (0)
C C C 2 3 4 C C C
C 5 C
C C C 6 7 8 C I D I
JC2 9 10 11 12 13 14 I
14-bit C8 Decrementindicator
API AMP APS/PCC
CRC-8
JC3
Incrementindicator
1 5 1 6 17 ... ... 1 J C4 C4 J C1 C1 1 2 2 JC5 JC2 3809 3810 3 JC6 JC3 7617 7618
...
3824
OPU0OH 0 1 F 2 S
C
BCH
3808 7616
B DI
11424
4 PSI RES 11425 11426
BEI B IA E
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 RES
255
JC4
S S S D E E E R R R 1
JC5
S S D S E E E R R 6 R
JC6
S S S E E E R R R
D 2 D 7
D D D 3 4 5 D D D 8 9 10
Client-specific 10-bit ∑C1D
BIP-8
CRC-5
BMP C S OC DAPI
... 3824
1
Theactual useofthese bytes depends on theOTNrateused * bits used for NJO2
25 . G Tri bu ta ry Sl Slo ts
3 4
OPU2 1
2 3
4
1 2
3
4
1 2 3 4
OPU3
1. 25 G Tri bu ta ry Sl Slo ts OPU1
OPU2
OPU4
−
−
ODU1
A MP ( PT =2 1)
A MP ( PT =2 1)
−
A MP ( PT =2 1)
A MP ( P T= 21 ) GMP(PT=21)
1
ODU2
−
AMP (PT=21)
−
−
AMP (PT=21) GMP(PT=21)
2
ODU2e
−
−
−
−
GMP(PT=21) GMP(PT=21)
ODU3
−
−
−
−
...
... 3824
3 4 1
2 3
4
5 6
7
8
1
2 3
4
5 6
7
8
ODUflex
To T o learn more, visit www.jdsu.com/ont
−
−
AMP(PT=21) GMP(PT=21)
OPU3
ODU0
1.25 Gtime slot 1516 17
−
GMP(PT=21)
EXP F T FL
GMP(PT=21) GMP(PT=21)
−
GMP(PT=21)
GMP(PT=21) GMP(PT=21)
F EC GMP GCC0
GCC1, GCC2 generalcommunication channels Fields that allowcommunication between two NEs.
Up to eight levels of nested APS/PCC signals may be present in this field.
JC L D PC NJO
Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem FECcoding scheme b ac ac kw kw ar dd e fe ct i nd nd ic ic at at io n
justification control l o w- d en s it y p a ri t yc h ec k negative justification opportunity operator-specific
O DU k
o p ti c al c h an ne l d at a un i t k
Foroperator-specific use. O P Uk
o p ti c al c h an ne l p ay l oa du n ti k
backward errorindication and b a ck w ar d i nc o mi n g a li g nm e nt e r r or
O TL
o p ti c al c h an ne l t ra ns p or t l an e
Signals carryinginformationon interleaved-bitblocksdetectanerror upstream.
OTM
opticaltransportmodule
OTS
optical transmission section
bit-interleavedparity The BIP-8 (8 bit)is computed overthe whole OPUand payload and is inserted into the BIP-8 SMbyte two frames later.
2
Negative justification (−1) Doublepositive justification (+2) Positive justification (+1) Doublenegative justification (−2) Triplepositive justification (+3)
accesspointidentifiers asynchronousmappingprocedure automaticprotection switching/ protection communicationchannel
BDI = 1 indicates OTUk backward defect BDI = 0 otherwise
15232
OPU0payload (4× 3808bytes)
PT
Mismatchoftherecoveredandcomputed BIP-8covers theOPUand payload TCMbyte3,bits 1to 4: v a l ue 0 t o 8 : B I Pe r o rc o un t v au l e 9 t o1 5 : N oB I Pe r o rs va u l e 11 11: BI AE ac ac it ve TCMbyte3,bit 5= 1 ≥ 5frames TCMbyte3,bits 1to 4= ‘1011’ ≥ 3frames
Glossary
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 JC1 1
Time slotstructure (e.g., OTU2)
OTU1
ODU 4
L oc k ou to f p r ot e ct i on( L O )
Payloadtypecodepoints (PT)
OTU/ODU Types and Capacity
255/227x 99.532800G = 111.809973G
Description
1 1 11
0 0 10
Operator 138 specific
reserved forfuture international standardization normalpathsignal reserved forfuture international standardization reserved forfuture international standardization reserved forfuture international standardization maintenance signal: ODUk-LCK maintenance signal: ODUk-OCI maintenance signal: ODUk-AIS
Justification bytes JC1/JC2,NJO2/JC(1), and PJO1/PJO2/PJO3arerequired for AMP. For BMP,all JC(1)s are0, NJO(1) is a justification byte,and PJO(1) is a databyte.
I.5
Parity check bytes
240
In thesub-row,239bytes are used to c alculate the FEC parity check, the result of which is transmitted in bytes (symbols) 240 to 255 of the same sub-row.
OTU4
e t a t s / t s e u q e R
127 128
Status
000 001 010
SeeODU -TCMi/PM/SM
FEC corrects and detects errors in an opticallink.
Parity check bytes
no source TC in use without IAE in use with IAE reserved forfuture international standardization reserved forfuture international standardization maintenance signal: ODUk-LCK maintenance signal: ODUk-OCI maintenance signal: ODUk-AIS
ITU-T G.975.1defines additional FEC schemes,called Super-FEC
Forward Error Correction (FEC)
240
9 10
Operator specific
e p y t n
Asynchronous Mapping Procedure (AMP)
0xFF
Information bytes
Fault indication Operator 129 identifier 137
1
Operator identifier
Va lu e
RES
0x00 •
Overhead+Client
n o i t c e r i d d r a w k c a B
F ie ld
14
MFAS byte
3825
Fault indication 0
OPU Overhead
•
32
Status
PM/SM/TCMi (i = 1...6)
Field valuesforAPS channel
n o i t c e r i d d r a w r o F
The OPU OH regulates the mapping and concatenation of the client signals and provides information on the type of signaltransport ed. Payload structureidentifier (PSI):a 256 byte multiframe signal.The PSI[0] contains payload type(PT) informatio n. Mappingand concatenation:PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and concatenation-specific.
•
16 17
EXP
RES
000 001 010 011
101 110 111
Forfurtherdescription,pleaserefer totheoptical channel data unit (ODU). 8
OTU 1 row 1− 4
14
FTFL
Lets users support section monitoring(SM).
MFAS
FAS byte 1 FAS byte 2 FAS byte 3 FAS byte 4 FAS byte 5 FAS byte 6 0xF6 0xF6 0xF6 0x28 0x28 0x28
PM
APS/PCC
TCMbyte 3, bits 6, 7, 8
100
OTU Overhead
7
FAS
1
13
A
s e l u d o M t r o p s n a r T l a c i t p O
OpticalTransmissionUnit
1
12
TCM4
TCM1
ODUkTCMstatusinterpretation
OTM-nr.m
11
ODUkPMstatusinterpretation
Optical Channel Carriers
d a e h r e v O M T O
10
TCM5
TCM2 GCC2
FTFL
8
TCM6
OChr-n
OSC
OTM-n.m
1
GCC1
5
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Request/ Protection R eq ue st ed sisi gn al B ri dg ed sisi gn gn al R es er ve d state type A B D R
OTLk.n OpticalChannel Transport Lanes
OCh Payload
4
TCM3
4
U D O
OCh OH
3
PM& TCM TCM ACT
k:supported bit rate(1:2.7G;2: 11G;3: 43G;4: 112G) n: number ofwavelengths r: reduced functionality (i.e.,no non-associated overhead is used)
OTUk OH
n o i t c e S k U T O
2
RES
# 2 w o 3 R
OTLk.n multiplexes OTUk signals onto n lanes. Each laneis transmitted via onelambda on a single fiber or an individual fiber.
ODUk OH
C T k
l e n n a h C l a c i t p O
OTLtype
bit-synchronousmappingprocedure c o nv o lu t io n al s e l f- o rt h og o na l c o de destination accesspointidentifier Contains information regarding the country oforigin, network operator, and administrativedetails. Reserved forfurther experimentaluse.
O TU k
o p ti c al c h an ne l t ra ns p or t u ni t k
PM
p at hm on it ori ng
PJO RES
positive justificationopportunity
RS
Reed-Solomon FECcoding scheme source accesspointidentifier status
Monitorsparticular sections within the network and fault location.
SAPI STAT
Reserved forfuture internationalstandardization.All bytes are set to 0s.
Three bits indicate the presence of maintenancesignals.
f a ul t t y pea n df a u lt - lo c at i onc h a nn e l A256-byte multiframesignalproviding fault status information regarding type and location of the fault.
TCM
t a nd e m co n ne c ti o nm o ni t or i ng
f or wa rd rd e r ro r co rr rr ec ec ti on genericmappingprocedure generalcommunication channel
Enables signalmanagementacross multiple networks.
TCM/ACT
Two bytes thatallow communication betweensectionendpoints.
TCM activation/deactivation Byte field used to activateand deactivate TCMfields. Forfuturestand ardization.
TTI
trailtrace identifier The 64-byte multiframe TTI signalis similar to theJ0 byte in SONET/SDH.
