Olga Gui Manual

DYNAMIC MULTIPHASE FLOW SIMULATOR

OLGA 2015 Version 2015.1

GUI manual

OLGA GUI User manual

Table of Contents OLGA GUI User manual..................................................................................... 2 Copyright notice ................................................................................................. 3 Relationship between OLGA GUI and OLGA Simulation engine ....................... 5 Introduction to projects and cases ...................................................................... 6 Dataflow in the OLGA GUI together with editors ................................................ 7 Files and file extensions ................................................................................... 10 Case toolbar ..................................................................................................... 12 File menu ......................................................................................................... 17 New .................................................................................................................. 19 Recent .............................................................................................................. 21 Tools ................................................................................................................ 22 Help .................................................................................................................. 23 Options ............................................................................................................. 24 Moving windows ............................................................................................... 26 Diagram view ................................................................................................... 27 Editing a case using the Diagram view............................................................. 29 Context menus for the Diagram view ............................................................... 30 Network connection overview ........................................................................... 34 Configuration of separator/phase split nodes ................................................... 35 Configuration of controller connections ............................................................ 36 Shortcut keys ................................................................................................... 40 Model Browser ................................................................................................. 41 Adding variables ............................................................................................... 43 Time series editor ............................................................................................. 44 Centrifugal pump .............................................................................................. 47 Case overview .................................................................................................. 52 Flowpath geometry data view ........................................................................... 53 Output view ...................................................................................................... 57 Simulation ........................................................................................................ 59 Reports............................................................................................................. 61 Plots ................................................................................................................. 62 Common behaviour in trend, profile and fluid plots .......................................... 63 3D Plots............................................................................................................ 68 Fluid plots ......................................................................................................... 71 Interactive trend and profile plots ..................................................................... 72 Profile plots ...................................................................................................... 77 Trend plots ....................................................................................................... 79 Tools available with OLGA ............................................................................... 83 OLGA Command Prompt ................................................................................. 85 OLGA Viewer ................................................................................................... 86 Risk management and optimisation (RMO)...................................................... 87 Parametric study .............................................................................................. 94 Fluid Definition Tool/Fann table........................................................................ 99 Mud properties - model description ................................................................ 101 IO Configuration Tool ..................................................................................... 104 Add configurations ......................................................................................... 105 Multiphase Toolkit .......................................................................................... 118

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OLGA GUI user manual

OLGA GUI User manual The complete program documentation includes: 

OLGA Release notes

 

OLGA user manual OLGA GUI user manual (this document)

 

OLGA Sample cases Well editor user manual

 

OLGA Viewer user manual Pipeline editor user manual

 

Profile generator user manaul FEMTherm editor user manual

 

OLGA OPC server guide OLGA Submodelling guide

 

OLGA Namespace Explorer guide Installation guide



Rocx User manual

All documents listed above are available from the Start menu (Start - All Programs - Schlumberger - OLGA x.x.- Documentation). The OLGA User manual is also available from the Help menu in the GUI. User Manuals for other tools included with the installation (e.g. FEMTherm, Rocx, OLGA Namespace Explorer, etc.) are available from the Help menus in the tools. Release information Please refer to the Release notes for detailed release information. Online help OLGA is equipped with a context sensitive help document which can be opened directly from the user interface. The help can be reached in several ways: 

Click the Properties view and press F1 -> leads to the information on the relevant model

 

Select Help from the File menu Select the Help icon in the upper right corner of the OLGA main window.

Operating system The program is available on PCs with Microsoft Windows operating systems (Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows Server 2008 and 2012). Several versions of OLGA may be installed in parallel. Support centre The Support Portal provides useful information about frequently asked questions and known issues. Please contact OLGA support if problems or missing functionality are encountered when using OLGA or any of the related tools included in the OLGA software package.

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Copyright notice

Copyright notice Copyright © 2015 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. This work contains the confidential and proprietary trade secrets of Schlumberger and may not be copied or stored in an information retrieval system, transferred, used, distributed, translated or retransmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, in whole or in part, without the express written permission of the copyright owner. Trademarks & Service Marks Schlumberger, the Schlumberger logotype, and other words or symbols used to identify the products and services described herein are either trademarks, trade names or service marks of Schlumberger and its licensors, or are the property of their respective owners. These marks may not be copied, imitated or used, in whole or in part, without the express prior written permission of Schlumberger. In addition, covers, page headers, custom graphics, icons, and other design elements may be service marks, trademarks, and/or trade dress of Schlumberger, and may not be copied, imitated, or used, in whole or in part, without the express prior written permission of Schlumberger. Other company, product, and service names are the properties of their respective owners. An asterisk (*) is used throughout this document to designate a mark of Schlumberger. Security Notice The software described herein is configured to operate with at least the minimum specifications set out by Schlumberger. You are advised that such minimum specifications are merely recommendations and not intended to be limiting to configurations that may be used to operate the software. Similarly, you are advised that the software should be operated in a secure environment whether such software is operated across a network, on a single system and/or on a plurality of systems. It is up to you to configure and maintain your networks and/or system(s) in a secure manner. If you have further questions as to recommendations regarding recommended specifications or security, please feel free to contact your local Schlumberger representative.

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Graphical User Interface

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Relationship between OLGA GUI and OLGA Simulation engine

Relationship between OLGA GUI and OLGA Simulation engine When starting OLGA there are two major components that come into play: OLGA GUI The OLGA GUI (GUI) is the graphical user interface which allows for the creation of new OLGA cases, editing input, starting simulations, viewing results and much more. This is what is described in detail in this document. OLGA Simulator The OLGA simulator is the component that performs the simulation. The simulation is usually started from the GUI but it can also be started independently (using a command line interface). The results from the simulation are stored in plot-files which can be displayed in the GUI.

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Introduction to projects and cases An OLGA case (model) is the collection of all the input data that is sent to the simulator when clicking ‘run simulation’. It normally consists of pipelines, process equipment and more to simulate the real world objects. In addition it contains information about simulation options, boundary conditions, etc. that influence the simulation. A case may also consist of references to other files like tab-files for fluid definitions, files with compressor characteristics etc. An OLGA project is a container for one or more OLGA cases and is a way of organizing relevant files. A project can contain other information like Word documents, reports, Excel calculations and more. The fluid files referred to in a case are automatically included in the project. When working in the OLGA GUI, work is always performed within the context of a project and will create a project when one doesn’t exist. When a case is opened, the GUI will create a project for it and when closing the GUI it will prompt to save the project and the case(s).

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Dataflow in the OLGA GUI together with editors

Dataflow in the OLGA GUI together with editors Dataflow in the OLGA GUI The OLGA GUI can be used to create and edit any OLGA model. The model that the GUI sends to the OLGA simulator is described in a keyword/key based structure. The keywords and their keys can be directly edited in the OLGA GUI. For users familiar with the keyword structure, the OLGA GUI offers a compact editing format using the Model browser and the multikeyword editor. The GUI also includes a set of editors that offer more support for creating new models. An editor in OLGA has the following characteristics: 

An editor contains one or more input pages customized for a specific domain

 

An editor may impose an internal workflow An editor does not use the keywords and keys of OLGA but knows how to convert the input given in the input pages to the OLGA keywords and keys.

There are three editors in OLGA: the Pipeline editor, the Well editor and the Bundle editor. Details for working in these editors are given in specific user manuals. In the following topic, the overall workflow is described. The model you build in an editor can be saved in a library. The library will contain a domain specific representation of the model, not using the OLGA keywords. This model can be reused in different simulation scenarios. Before you run a simulation, you will convert this model into a keyword/key based model which can then be further edited in the keyword based GUI or sent as is to the OLGA simulator. You control the discretization when converting the model to a keyword/key model. This is illustrated in the figure below.

The conversion from editor to keyword/key model is a one-way transition. The generated keyword/key model can be further edited in the keyword based GUI. Any changes made here will not be transferred back into the editor. If you return to the editor after making changes in the keyword based GUI, a warning is issued since when you regenerate the keyword based model, you will overwrite your changes.

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Not all changes done in the keyword/key model is overwritten when you regenerate the model from the editor. The following principle is used: Changes done to the keywords and keys generated by the editor will be overwritten when you regenerate. Changes done to keywords and keys which are NOT generated by the editor will not be overwritten. There are some exceptions to this principle: 

Changes done to keys on equipment are not overwritten by the Pipeline editor, except for the keys that control the location of the equipment



Flow connections are not overwritten by either the Pipeline editor or the Well editor

Different strategies when working in editor and keyword based GUI When you work in an editor, you do not use the OLGA PIPE and SECTION keywords to position objects. You typically give the position of e.g. equipment as a distance from the start of the pipeline or well. This is a fundamental difference between working in an editor compared to working in the keyword based GUI. The conversion from the model built in the editor to the keyword based model is done by the editor. The OLGA PIPEs and SECTIONs are created based on the model built in the editor. The editor will make sure that there is a SECTION or SECTIONBOUNDARY where you have positioned the object. The discretization of the model adapts to the model, not vice versa. An example illustrates the difference: Example Modelling a pipeline with a pump with the following geometry:

Modelling this in the keyword based GUI, you will add PIPE keywords and divide it into a number of sections. In order to position the pump exactly where you want (780 meters into the pipe in this example) you must make sure there is a section boundary at 780 meters. Using the Pipeline editor to model this, you define that the pump is positioned at 780 meter. When you generate the OLGA keyword/key model, the editor ensures there is a section boundary at that position and inserts a pump there.

Since the discretization is vital to the results and the simulation speed , you should consider this when working in the editors. Both the Pipeline editor and Well editor have a Discretization page where you tune and preview the discretized model before creating it.

Workflow for building a pipeline in OLGA using the Pipeline editor and Profile generator An overview of the basic workflow for building a pipeline in OLGA including the different tools that support this workflow is shown in the figure below.

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Dataflow in the OLGA GUI together with editors

The Profile generator is a stand-alone tool which is used to simplify a detailed profile into a profile that is used in an OLGA simulation. Too many pipes and sections will reduce the performance of the OLGA simulator. The Profile generator offers a box filter to remove noise and an angle distribution algorithm to create simplified profiles without compromising the simulation results. The pipeline profile created in the Profile generator can be imported into the Pipeline editor. In the Pipeline editor, you can add material to the pipeline, add equipment and specify ambient conditions. The model can then be converted into an OLGA keyword/key model. The model can then be further detailed in the keyword based GUI before running the simulation. When you save the OLGA case into an *opi file, both the input to the editor and the generated model is saved. Workflow for editing an existing OLGA model If you have a case not created by using the Pipeline editor, you have two options: 1.

You can continue to edit the case using the keyword based GUI.

2.

You can connect the flowpaths to the Pipeline editor.

Double-click the flowpath to open it in the Flowpath geometry data view. This is a view of all PIPE keywords in the flowpath. In this view, you can edit all properties of the PIPES. You can also import a geometry to replace the one you already have. To connect a flowpath to the Pipeline editor, click the Open in editor. Note that when you connect an existing flowpath to the editor, only the profile is transferred. The material given by the WALL keywords and other information is not transferred. You can edit the pipeline in the Pipeline editor and then regenerate the model. The original flowpath is then replaced with the generated model. If you want to use the old WALLS, you must select them again using the Flowpath geometry data view. Also note that any signal connections to or from the model will be removed and must be reconnected. Connections to nodes and all equipment are kept. Workflow for building a well in OLGA using the Well editor The workflow for creating a well using the Well editor is similar to using the Pipeline editor. The Well editor contains some basic functionality for filtering the well trajectory. You cannot transfer the geometry from an existing flowpath into the Well editor as you can with the Pipeline editor. There is a separate library for wells created by the Well editor.

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Files and file extensions When using the OLGA GUI understanding the different files used by the GUI and the simulator are not required. A basic understanding of the different file types is still useful when backing up files in Windows Explorer or running simulations from the command line. The figure below illustrates some of the files used by OLGA.

Project File (*.opp) The project file is a file with references to other files (e.g. case files) Case File (*.opi) The case file contains all user input in addition to graphical layout of the model, parametric study input and more. Generated input files (*.genkey) The genkey file is generated when starting an OLGA simulation from the graphical user interface (GUI).

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Files and file extensions

Output files During the simulation, the simulator will produce several types of output files. The most common are trend plots (*.tpl), profile plots (*.ppl), general output information (*.out) and restart files (*.rsw). The files with a ~ prefix e.g. ~Case-0.opi is the case file from the last save. With auto-save turned on for all case files in a project, files are saved at user-specified intervals.

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Case toolbar

Toolbar

Tool tip

icon

Shortcut

Description

key Duplicate case

A new identical case is created and added to the project

Remove case

Gives three options; remove from project delete or delete all output files as well

Save

Ctrl+S

Save as

Copy

Saves the case

Opens a window with the option to save the case with a new name Ctrl+C

Copies the selected components. The label consists of the original label and a suffix and is globally unique.

Paste

Ctrl+V

Pastes the copied components

Delete

Delete

Deletes the selection

button Undo/Redo

Ctrl+Z to undo Ctrl+Y to redo

You can undo and redo the following actions: 

Move and re-size objects

 

Add objects and keywords Delete objects and keywords

 

Change keywords Change units

 

Auto-arrange items Paste actions

 

Connections Text changed in Comment field

Show Grid

Makes the grid on the Diagram view visible

Snap to Grid

Snaps items to the grid when moving them; will work even when the grid is not visible

Straight lines

Use straight line mode for flowpaths and signal lines. Select this command to 

change all existing flowpaths and signal lines from right angled lines to straight lines.



set the default mode. Select Straight line to use this on all new flowpaths and signal lines.

Note that it is possible to apply straight line mode to individual

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Case toolbar

Toolbar

Tool tip

icon

Shortcut

Description

key flowpaths and signal lines as well, by using the context menu instead Right angles

Use right angles on flowpaths and signal lines. Select this command to 

change all flowpaths and signal lines from straight lines to



right angles. set the default mode. Select Right angle to use this on all new flowpaths and signal lines.

Note that it is possible to apply Right angle mode to individual flowpaths and signal lines as well, by using the context menu instead Auto route

Use auto routing for flowpaths and signal lines. By selecting this command, the diagram will avoid collisions between the objects on the canvas. Flowpaths and signal lines will automatically be routed around nodes and other objects. The auto routing takes place when you connect a signal or flowpath, as well as when you move the end-points of a flowpath or a signal. Note that only the object you are moving or connecting will be auto routed. After the line is auto routed, you can adjust it by moving the control poinmts (or inserting new ones). This will not trigger the auto routing.

Arrange Horizontally Arrange

Rearranges the graphical layout with mainly horizontal flow lines

Rearrange the graphical layout with mainly vertical flow lines

Vertically Local instances

Shows all local instances of the selected object in an editor table; all valves on one flowpath

Global instances

Shows all instances in a case of the selected object in an editor table

Duplicate to all flowpaths

Duplicates the selected object to all flowpaths

Network connections

Opens the Network overview/connection window

Submodel connections

Opens the Submodel connections window.

Add to User’s Library

Adds selected object to the User's Library

Import from User’s Library

Opens the User's Library with a list of objects that can be imported

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Toolbar

Tool tip

icon

Shortcut

Description

key Show user's library

Opens the User's Library with a list of objects.

Parametric

Opens the parametric studies

Studies Copy as image

Copies the Diagram view or plot to the clipboard depending on what is in focus in the centre area

Well library location

Opens a window where you can browse for the well library

Pipeline library location

Opens a window where you can browse for the pipeline library

Profile generator

Opens a separate tool for creating a pipeline profile to be used in OLGA

I/O Configuration tool

Opens the I/O Configuration tool used to define plot variables and to populate variables on the OLGA OPC server.

Risk

Opens the Risk management and optimisation tool used to

Management and

perform sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, as well as tuning/optimisation on parameters defined in OLGA.

Optimisation (RMO) FEMTherm editor

Opens a window with easy configuration of bundles/annulus and burial of flowpaths

Pipeline editor

Opens the pipeline editor which can be used to add a new pipeline to the case.Click the arrow to the right to view already open pipeline editor instances.

OLGA Well editor

Opens the Well editor which can be used to add a well to the case. Click the arrow to the right to view already open well cases.

Run Batch

F4

Runs the simulation from a command shell window, independent of GUI

Run Interactive

F5

Runs the simulation well integrated with GUI

Pause

F9

Pauses the simulation if run interactively

Step

Ctrl+F5

Runs one step (only interactively). Note that this setting does not override the OLGA time step setting.

Step length Stop

Option to configure the length of the step Shift+F5

Stops the simulation

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Case toolbar

Toolbar

Tool tip

icon

Shortcut

Description

key Verify

F7

Checks input file and reports errors and missing information in the output view

Clear errors

Clear all error messages in the Diagram view. You can also select Clear errors from the Context menu of the Output window.

Multiple Plots

Adds a plot tab to the case with the option to select and configure multiple plots

Trend Plot

Adds a trend plot to the case if trend variable(s) are selected

Profile Plot

Adds a profile plot to the case if profile variables(s) are selected

3D Plot

Adds a 3D holdup profile plot

Fluid Plot

Gives the option to plot the fluid properties defined in a tab file

Report

Save Restart

Opens an input report of the case

F3

Saves a restart file (only available for interactive simulation and when the simulation is paused)

Output File

Opens the out file in a text editor

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Graphical User Interface

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File menu

File menu When starting OLGA the File menu will appear with New in focus. From the New page, a case can be created by selecting an empty case or selecting a sample. The samples are complete cases that are ready to simulate. The File menu can be accessed by clicking on File at any point in time. To exit the File menu click either on the File tab again or on a case tab.

The File menu covers the following:

File menu item

Shortcut key

Save Project

Description Saves the project and all open cases

Save Project as…

(Ctrl+Shift+S)

Saves the project and all open cases with a new name

Open Case

(Ctrl+O)

Opens a case of file type *.opi, *.inp or*.key

Open Project…

(Ctrl+Shift+O)

Opens a project of file type *.opp

Import…

Opens a case of file type *.geninp or *.genkey

Close Project

Closes the project with option to save project

New

New case or project can be created in this page

Recent

Recent projects and cases are listed in this page

Tools

Internal and external tools can be accessed in this page

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File menu item

Shortcut key

Description

Help

Information about manuals, sample cases and support

Options

Opens the options window

Exit

Closes OLGA with the option to save project

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New

New  

New cases or projects are created from the New page. A new project is created by clicking on the Empty project icon. This opens a file window to specify the



location and name of the project. A new case is created either by selecting Empty case or by choosing an appropriate sample.

There are two ways to select a sample for a new case: From the carousel view or from the icon view. The Sample view is selected with the two toggle buttons in the top right.

In carousel view, the samples can be navigated sequentially and shows a preview of the network and a description of the sample. The selected sample is the front most sample highlighted in the orange selection colour. Navigation is done by clicking to the right or left of the selected sample which will scroll the new selected sample to the front. This can also be done using the left and right arrow keys on the keyboard.

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In Categories view, the sample categories are shown on the left side of the window and the samples in each category are shown on the right. The name and location of the new case can be set at the bottom of the window. Use the Browse button to bring up a file window to choose a different location of the case. The default location of new cases can be changed in the Option window. When selecting a sample, OLGA suggests a default case name based on the sample selected and a number if a case with that name already exists. The new case is created by clicking the Create button or double-clicking on the sample. The new case will be added to the currently open project. If no project is open, a new project with the same name as the case is created.

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Recent

Recent Previously opened projects and cases can be accessed from the Recent page.

Selecting a recent project will open all cases from that project in separate tabs. Selecting a recent case will open it and add it to the currently open project or create a default project if no project is open.

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Tools The Tools page is accessed through the File menu.

This page gives access to useful utilities which are installed with OLGA. These tools are documented separately. Other external tools may be added to this page via the Options window.

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Help

Help The Help page is accessed through the File menu.

Help option

Description

OLGA Help

Opens the general user documentation.

Wells Help

Opens the well GUI documentation.

Getting started

Opens a video showing some of the steps to build a case in OLGA

Support Centre

Link to the support centre on the Internet. This option requires Internet access.

Send to support Zips the projects with all cases and data files and attaches it to an e-mail template. About OLGA

Lists the version information.

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Options The overall simulator settings are specified under Options. The Options window is located under the File menu Settings on the General tab are:  

My Project Location: Location where file windows will open. Specify if the program shall execute auto-save at specified intervals.

 

Delete .bat file after batch simulation Simulation threads – number of treads to run simultaneously. By default the number of treads available



will be used in an optimal way. Restore to Factory settings: The layout of the GUI windows, default unit set and similar will be restored.

External programs that should be available from the Tools page can be specified under the External Tools tab. Some programs are set by default during installation and additional programs like Excel, a texteditor etc. can be specified. Select Add… to browse for an external tool to include in this list.

The Default Units tab is used to select the preferred set of units. Units can select from three predefined sets (SI, Metric and Oilfield) or a customized set may be specified. The default units affect the none-given properties and the default values in the property editor and also which units the plotting variables are shown in.

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Options

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Moving windows Windows may be hidden and re-opened through the View menu. They may be detached from the frame (floating) and may be docked again by moving the window to the border of the frame. You can drag and drop windows anywhere in the Diagram view. Click the mouse cursor in the top bar of a window and drag to relocate. If you drag the window to any border in the Diagram view, the window will snap to place by the border. Click the crosses located in the top bar to minimize and maximize the windows.

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Diagram view

Diagram view When a case is opened or created the central window of the GUI displays a graphical view of the case. Below is a snapshot from the GUI with the Basic sample case loaded. The Diagram view displays pipelines, nodes, process equipment and more. All visible objects are listed in the components view.

In the Diagram view, nodes and flow lines are drawn schematically, not reflecting the real geometry of the case. Sources, pressure boundaries and process equipment are also visible.

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Rotate labels in the Diagram view Description You can rotate the labels you have used in the Diagram view. This is how you do it: 1.

Mark the relevant label. A rotation wheel is displayed above the label:

2.

Left- or right-click the mouse pointer and drag the wheel in the direction you want to set the label. Note that you can undo and redo the label editing.

3.

Save the case.

The label rotation setting is saved in the case file.

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Editing a case using the Diagram view

Editing a case using the Diagram view Flowpaths Nodes and flowpaths are drawn schematically. All objects shown in the component list can be dragged onto the Diagram view. The process equipment needs to be dropped on a flowpath to be added to the Diagram view. By default the position of the equipment will be where it is dropped on the flowpath . If the inline equipment is given a position (e.g. pipe and section) the position will be adjusted to reflect the real location along the flowpath. Flowpaths can be created either by dragging the Flowpath component from the component list or by dragging from the middle of a node or from a separator’s inlet and outlets. To disconnect a flowpath from a node, select the flowpath, left-click and hold one of the green ends while dragging it away from the node/separator. Fixed points on a flowpath can be added by selecting the flowpath, click and hold the left mouse button and drag to where the fixed point should be added. A fixed point, indicated by a small square, will appear on the flowpath. Fixed points can be moved to shape the flowpath to improve the layout in the Diagram view. This does not change the actual geometry of the flowpath. Fixed points can be removed from the flowpath by right-clicking on the point and selecting Delete segment. Signal connections Signal connections are also based on dragging from one object to the connecting object. To disconnect a signal from an object, select the signal line, left click and hold one of the green ends while dragging it away. Fixed points on a signal line can be added by selecting the signal line, clicking and holding the left mouse button and drag to where the fixed point should be added. A fixed point, indicated by a small square, appears on the signal line. The fixed points can be moved to shape the signal line to improve the layout in the Diagram view.

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Context menus for the Diagram view Context menu in Diagram view

Icon

Option

Suboption

Description Rearrange the graphical layout with mainly horizontal flow lines.

Arrange diagram horizontally

Rearrange the graphical layout with mainly vertical flow lines.

Arrange diagram vertically Fit to page (Ctrl+Q)

Zoom in or out to capture the whole graphical network in the visible part of the Diagram view.

Show grid

Makes the grid on the Diagram view visible.

Snap to grid

Snaps items to the grid when moving them; will work even when the grid is not visible. Opens the network overview/connection window.

Network connections Submodel connections

Opens the Submodel Connections window.

Paste

Pastes object that are copied.

Undo/Redo

You can undo and redo the following actions:

action

Move and re-size objects - Add objects and keywords - Delete objects and keywords - Change keywords - Change units - Autoarrange items - Paste actions - Connections - Text changes in Comment field You can undo all actions until you start a new operation. E.g. Do 5 actions, undo 3 of these and then do a new action. The 2 remaining actions can now not be undone. Choose to show or hide visual objects.

Filter layout Use filter

Save user defined filters with this command or use this

(Ctrl+H)

command to refresh settings.

User

Create user defined filters.  Choose Add selected to filter (Ctrl+F7) to add all selected

define filters



objects to the user defined layout filter. Choose Add all of selected type to filter (Ctrl+F8)to add all objects that equals the selected objects type to the filter. Note that only on object can be selected to access this item.

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Context menus for the Diagram view

Icon

Option

Suboption

Description 

Choose Clear filter to clear the user defined filter.

All objects are added to the same layout filer and the content of the user defined layout filter is case specific. Show all

Show/hide all filters simultaneously. Select: Signal lines to show/hide all signal lines. Flow and Process to show/hide all flow components and process equipment, apart from transmitters. Instrumentation to show/hide all controllers, signal lines and transmitters. Heat transfer to show/hide all heat transfer conditions. Tuning and corrosion to show/hide all tuning and corrosion objects. Comments to show/hide all comments. Plots to show/hide all plots and values. Labels to show/hide all labels. User defined to show/hide all objects added to a user defined layout filter. Copies the Diagram view or plot to the clipboard depending on

Copy as image

what is in focus in the centre area. Select trend variables

Add, edit or remove global output variables.

Select profile variables

Add, edit or remove global output variables.

Context menu on component in Diagram view Icon Option Copy

Sub-option

Description Copies selected item. The label consists of the original label and a suffix and is globally unique.

Paste

Pastes the copied item onto the currently selected item.

Delete

Deletes selected object.

Undo/Redo

You can undo and redo the following actions:

action

Move and re-size objects - Add objects and keywords - Delete objects and keywords - Change keywords - Change units - Autoarrange items - Paste actions - Connections - Text changed in Comment field You can undo all actions until you start a new operation. E.g. Do 5 actions, undo 3 of these and then do a new action. The 2 remaining actions can now not be undone.

Arrange

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Icon Option

Sub-option

Description Brings the selected object forward.

Bring forward

Brings the selected object to the front.

Bring to front Send backward

Sends the selected object backward.

Send to

Sends the selected object to the back.

back Choose to show or hide visual objects.

Filter layout Use filter (Ctrl+H)

Save user defined filters with this command or use this command to refresh settings.

User

Create user defined filters.

define filters



Choose Add selected to filter (Alt+S) to add all selected



objects to the user defined layout filter. Choose Add all of selected type to filter (Alt+A)to add all



objects that equals the selected objects type to the filter. Note that only on object can be selected to access this item. Choose Clear filter to clear the user defined filter.

All objects are added to the same layout filer and the content of the user defined layout filter is case specific. Show all

Show/hide all filters simultaneously. Select: Signal lines to show/hide all signal lines. Flow and Process to show/hide all flow components and process equipment, apart from transmitters. Instrumentation to show/hide all controllers, signal lines and transmitters. Heat transfer to show/hide all heat transfer conditions. Tuning and corrosion to show/hide all tuning and corrosion objects. Comments to show/hide all comments. Plots to show/hide all plots and values. Labels to show/hide all labels. User defined to show/hide all objects added to a user defined layout filter.

Select visible signals...

Opens a window for selection of which controller signals should be shown graphically.(only available for controllers)

Set colour

This command is only available for flowpaths. You can use different colours on flowpaths. This is useful if you want to visualise separate flowing streams. Select the colours you want to use and click the plus ( ) sign .You can also type in the RGB value instead of selecting a colour. Enter a unique name for the

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Context menus for the Diagram view

Icon Option

Sub-option

Description colour you selected. View the colours used on the flowpath canvas.

Show legend

Note: The selected colours are saved in the case file and in the central settings file and can be used for other cases. Select trend variables

Add, edit or remove output variables for the selected component and for profile variables for a flowpath which is a component in the Diagram view.

Select profile variables

Add, edit or remove output variables for the selected component and for profile variables for a flowpath which is a component in the Diagram view.

Right angled

This command is only available for flowpaths. Select Right angles from the Tool bar to 

change all flowpaths and signal lines from slanted lines to right



angles. set the default mode. Select Right angle to use this on all new flowpaths and signal lines.

Select Right angles from the Context menu to 

Straight line Distribute Inline equipment

change selected flowpaths and signal lines from slanted lines to right angles.

Use straight lines on flowpaths and signal lines. This command is only available for flowpaths. Distributes the inline equipment equally on a flowpath. If you re-select this item, the equipment is moved back to its original position.

evenly Local

Shows all local instances of the selected object in an editor table;

instances

e.g. all valves on one flowpath

Global instances

Shows all instances within the case of the selected object in an editor table.

Add to user’s

Adds selected keyword(s) to the user’s library.

library Import from

Imports from the available keywords/components from the user’s

user’s library

library.

Properties

Starts the property editor for the selected object. For a flowpath this would be the Flowpath geometry data view.

Open in editor

Opens the Well editor if the flowpath is created via the Well editor. If the flowpath is created via the Diagram view, the Pipeline editor opens.

Edit label

Enter user defined text for the object label.

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Network connection overview Connection of flowlines and nodes can also be done through the Network Connection window. The Network Connection window can be access through the Case toolbar or by right-clicking on the Diagram view and selecting Network Connection. Select the "from-to" nodes for each Flowpath and click OK. The network should appear as specified.

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Configuration of separator/phase split nodes

Configuration of separator/phase split nodes The multi-phase coupling of a separator is performed in a similar manner as the coupling between a node and a flowpath. The coupling of a phase split node works again in a similar way as the separator. First, add a node and a separator to the case from the component view. Then connect the flowline from the node to the separator as follows: 1. 2.

Select the node and drag to the separator Release on the separator’s inlet terminal

3.

Click on the outlet terminals of the separator one at the time (gas, water and oil) and drag

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Configuration of controller connections All out-signals need to be transmitted through a transmitter in OLGA. This means that if for instance the liquid level from a separator is required as input to a controller, a transmitter needs to be added to the separator first. The only exception here is the controllers which also can operate as transmitters.

The variable required from the separator must be specified as a property (key) on the transmitter. Coupling of signal components is possible with two different techniques in the graphical user interface; i.

Coupling with drag and drop

ii.

Coupling through the connection view (see connection view)

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Drag and drop coupling The drag and drop coupling between two signal components is done in the same manner as between two multiphase network components: 1.

Hover over the component which the output signal is taken from. Click one of the component's green circles (connection point(s)) and drag towards another component in the network. Green circles that appear when dragging over a component are available connection points for the other component.

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Configuration of controller connections

2.

Release on any of the second component’s connection points. Normally you would select the closest connection point to make the signal line as short as possible. A dialog appears with all available in and out signals. Select the signals you would like to connect and click Ok. A signal connection is made between the two components. In the figures shown the out signal (equal to the variable listed for the transmitter at its position) from a transmitter is connected to a PID controller's measured input signal.

By clicking on a signal line, you will see what signals are connected. By double clicking on a signal line, you will see the dialog for selecting terminals (signals). You can change the terminal using this dialog. You can also move the signal line from one connection point to another. This is only for tidying your case, the selected connection point does not decide what terminals are connected. All valid output and input signals are by default displayed for all components. Several components have many input and output signals, which you can filter away, using the Edit visible signals option on the Context menu, see illustration below. In this window, you can configure which signal should be accessible/visible in the Diagram view for each type of controller. The configuration will be saved with the case. Both the input signals and the output signals can be configured. By default, all signals are available. Select which signals to configure, in or out. Then, select the type of controller if the selected one is not the correct one. A selected check box indicate that the signal will be available when connecting in the Diagram view. Note that all connected signals will be visible in the Diagram view independently of the check marks.

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Add connections to other controller tunable components You can add connections to HEATTRANSFER, TUNING and CORROSION. This is how to edit the number of visible terminals you want to display in the Diagram view: 1. 2.

Right-click the relevant keyword. The Context menu is displayed. Select Select visible signals.

3.

Select the check boxes for the terminals you want to display in the Diagram view.

The terminals you select, apply to all HEATTRANSFER, TUNING or CORROSION nodes in your case and are stored when you save the case. You can only have one CORROSION item per flowpath.

Illustration This is an illustration of a user dragging a new connection from the manual controller to CORROSION. The connection points appear when the mouse is close to the component. The dialoig for selecting terminals is displayed when a connection point is selected.

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Configuration of controller connections

Control the keys to HEATTRANSFER You can use an OLGA controller for the following keys for the HEATTRANSFER keyword, unless set to Not used in the Model browser: TAMBIENT, INTAMBIENT, OUTTAMBIENT, HMININNERWALL, INHAMBIENT, OUTHAMBIENT, HAMBIENT See also Connection view

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Shortcut keys Given below is a list of some shortcut keys. For more information regarding shortcut keys, see Case toolbar.

Shortcut

Description

Mouse wheel

Zoom in or out in Diagram view

Ctrl+/Ctrl-

Zoom in or out in Diagram view

Ctrl+0

Return to un-zoomed view

Ctrl+A

Selects all items in Diagram view

Delete

Deletes selected objects

Shift+left drag

Pans

Ctrl+left click/drag

Multi- select items

Click mouse wheel+drag Pans

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Model Browser

Model Browser

The Model view, File view and Property editor windows appear when you double-click a component in the Diagram view. The window is named Model Browser. You can also open this window via the 

View list in the upper right corner of the Diagram view. Select the File view or Model Browser.



Using the shortcut keys Ctrl+1, Ctrl+2, Ctrl+5, Ctrl +Enter or Ctrl+Space.

The Model Browser is used for navigating between the objects of the system. The objects are ordered hierarchically with a project on top comprising one or more cases. A case contains Case Definitions, Libraries, Output and Network Components. Note that the Model Browser lists all objects in the case whereas the Diagram view only shows the visual objects. Non-visual objects (for instance case options) are not shown in the diagram view but are listed in the Model Browser. 

Case Definitions describe information common to the whole system being simulated.



Network Components describe the properties of the flow network (currently either a node or a flow

 

path). Libraries contain keywords that can be accessed globally (for instance Material and Wall). Output contains global output definitions, such as plotting intervals for trend, profile and output.

 

FA-models contain input to flow assurance models. Compositional has input to the compositional model.



Thermal Components contains input to the FEMTherm and bundle models and input to annulus calculations.

When you select an object in the Model Browser, the object is made active and its properties may be edited in the Properties view.

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The Model Browser contains input for all cases in the project. Switching between the different cases is done by clicking on the file name in Model Browser. Right-click while pointing to an object in the Model Browser brings up various menus depending on the object:

Menu item

Description

Add

Add items to the network object.

Verify

Checks input file and reports errors and missing input in the Output view.

Copy

Copies selected item.

Paste

Pastes the copied item onto the currently selected item.

Delete

Deletes selected object.

Local instances

Shows all local instances of the selected object in an editor table. E.g. all valves on one flowpath.

Global instances

Shows all instances within the case of the selected object in an editor table.

Add to user’s library

Adds selected keywords to the user’s library.

Import from user’s library

Imports from the available keywords/components from the user’s library.

Properties

Starts the Property editor for the selected object. For a flowpath, this is the Flowpath geometry data view.

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Adding variables

Adding variables This is how to add variables: 1.

Click in the VARIABLE field in the Properties window and then the

2.

Select variables from the window displayed. The variables may be sorted:  Alphabetically (by name or description)  

- box.

Categorized (as seen below) Those already selected (select the check box)

The units for plotting variables can be changed when actually plotting. There is also an option to specify a label for the variable selection and save it. These variables can then easily be re-used at several positions.

By clicking OK in the relevant variable selection window, all selected variables will appear in the Properties window:

By clicking OK, the window closes and focus is returned to the Properties window. Enter the pipe selection again and complete the specification by giving the sections.

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Time series editor Input keys with time series can be edited in a time series editor. The time series editor is accessed through the Property editor for the relevant keyword.

If there are several independent time-varying parameters within one keyword the graph of these can be displayed by checking them in the graph legend (which shows the minimum necessary input parameters).

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Time series editor

Custom windows Special editors are available for editing initial conditions and heat transfer statements. The input is graphically displayed together with the data. An example of an initial condition is shown in some detail below. An example of a heat transfer specification is also given. Initial conditions You can access the custom window for initial conditions through the property editor button on the INITIALCONDITION statement. Note that this custom window can only be accessed if only one initial conditions statement (keyword) exists. This custom window can only be used when entering data section-wise. However, by selecting cells in a spread sheet and right-clicking, a number of interpolation options are available. These will help input the desired data. Also, if incomplete data is given it will automatically be completed when exiting the editor. To activate the custom window click the property button on top of the properties page, see below:

Heat transfer You can access the custom window for heat transfer through the property editor button on the HEATTRANSFER statement. Note that this custom window can only be accessed if only one heat transfer statement (keyword) exists. This custom window can only be used when entering data section-wise. However, by selecting cells in the spread sheet and right-clicking, a number of interpolation options are available. These will help input the desired data. Also, if incomplete data is given it will automatically be completed when exiting the editor. The heat transfer properties can be as shown below:

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By clicking the properties icon of this window, the heat transfer’s custom window is presented.

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Centrifugal pump

Centrifugal pump Pump curves are required input for the centrifugal pump. To help the user with the input, the pump curves together with some key parameters can be specified in a custom window. This can be accessed in one of the following ways: 

Double click on the centrifugal pump in the Diagram view

 

Select the centrifugal pump, right-click and select Properties from the Context menu Select the centrifugal pump and press the property page button in the Properties editor

The following window appears:

First, choose the centrifugal pump phase mode. 

If phase mode = liquid (single phase), the option “One speed per curve” is given. This means that the only single phase curve will be used in the simulation. The multiplier for two-phase will be ignored.

There are two scenarios for curve input:

Curve input

Description

Single curve

This scenario is straight forward. The best efficiency point is used as rated values for the centrifugal pump.

Multiple speeds This scenario is straight forward if the input data follow the pump laws. If the data and one speed per curve

deviate from the pump laws, the generated pump curves will become “bumpy”, and might be difficult to use in simulation. An option to generate multiple homologous curves, which will be interpolated in speed, will therefore be added



If phase mode = two (two phase), the input data will be one curve per GVF (gas volume fraction), the options to choose between are:  Calc multipliers - generates single phase curves from input with GVF=0.  Calc multipliers and degraded head - generates single phase curves from input with GVF=0. Generate degraded head curves from maximum GVF given in.  Interpolation in gas volume fraction - generates one “single phase” curve per GVF, and interpolate the curves using actual GVF

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Secondly, decide to specify the rated values or chose the option to auto generate them. The auto generate option can be used if rated data is not available. Next, click on Add in the Pump curve frame to enter the pump curve data. First, enter the gas volume fraction and density. Note that the gas volume fraction needs to be 0 if phase mode = liquid (single phase – no gas present). Further, choose which type of input data the pump curves should be specified in (head/delta pressure, and efficiency/head/torque), and then enter the data. At least three data sets need to be entered. When this is done, more pump curves can be added. Note that only the pump curves with a check mark will be used for the selected centrifugal pump. The centrifugal pump curve is a keyword named CENTPUMPCURVE, located on the library level. Several pump curves can exist. One pump curve can be used by several centrifugal pumps or not used at all. The Update plots button in the Normalized pump curves frame to the right will be enabled when enough information is given. The conversion of centrifugal pump curves to homologous curves will be then be performed. These curves are only for information; this is the input that will be used for the OLGA simulation. Several plots are shown: 

Single phase Head - two or more static curves

 

Single phase Torque - two or more static curves Two Phase Head - two or more static curves

 

Two Phase Multipliers - two or more static curves Head vs Volume flow - one static curve per centrifugal pump curve



Torque vs Volume flow - one static curve per centrifugal pump curve

Note that the pump curves data can contain large errors that may give the curves a strange form. I order to avoid bad data, plot the input curves and the generated homologous curves to adjust the input data. Navigating in the pump curve grid In the pump curve grid, use the tab button to move from left to right and use enter to move from top to bottom.

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Centrifugal pump

File view You open the File view by clicking the File view option in the View menu. The File view shows the files associated with the project. This will typically be the input file as well as PVT files and other files used in the case. However, any type of file can be added to the project (Word-files, Excel-files, etc.). By right-clicking on a file, the file can be removed or the input file can be opened in a text editor. The text file may be edited and reloaded into the OLGA GUI by right-clicking the .opi file and selecting Reload from text file. Note that the graphical layout will be recreated on reload from a text file as the text file does not contain any information about the layout. This information is stored in the .opi file.

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Components view The Components view contains a library of objects that can be used to build the case. Simulation objects may be dragged from the Components window and dropped onto the Diagram view. You can hide the Components view with the cross located in the upper right corner of the window. You can hide the labels to make room for more components. This way you do not have to scroll to find the component you are looking for. Alternatively you can use the search box to filter the content of the Components view. Start typing the name of the component you are looking for and the Components view only shows components that matches your search criteria

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Centrifugal pump

The view is divided into several groups:

Group

Description

Nodes and node type equipment

covering boundary nodes and node type equipment like separator, phase split node, etc.

Flowpaths

covering flowpaths of different shapes

Valves

covering all types of valves supported by OLGA

Compressors and pumps

covering pigs, tuning and corrosion

Other equipment

covering loss, pig and heat exchanger

Boundary conditions

covering inflow and outflow components like different types of sources and leaks

Transmitter and controllers

covering all types of controllers in addition to the transmitter

Results and Comments

covering interactive plots, values and comments

Controller tunable objects

covering tuning, corrosion and heattransfer

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Case overview The Case overview window is used for helping with orientation in the Diagram view for larger network cases. The white frame shows what is visible in the Diagram view; the size of the frame is dependent on the zoom level. The visible area can be moved by clicking and dragging (left mouse button) the white area. You can zoom in and out of the Diagram via the Overview view: Draw a rectangle in the Overview to zoom to that area in the Diagram view. Also panning the same rectangle in the overview will pan the Diagram view.

If the case overview window is not visible it can be opened from the View menu, in the upper right corner, or to the right of the zoom buttons in the lower right corner.

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Flowpath geometry data view

Flowpath geometry data view Use the Flowpath geometry data view to visualize, inspect and edit a flowpath. To open the Flowpath geometry data view, double-click a flowpath in the Diagram view or select Properties. You can also open this view via the Property page button in the Model Browser. The Flowpath geometry data is always updated with the data from the flowpath in OLGA.

Reverse geometry Click this button to reverse the geometry. Note that the reverse functionality varies depending on how the geometry is given: Length/Elevation The Reverse geometry button reverses the pipes and flips the elevation. In the example below, you can see in the table that the sequence of the pipes is changed. You can reset the pipe labels. The elevation for each pipe is changed from positive to negative and vice versa.

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XYZ The Reverse geometry reverses the pipes and adjusts the XYZ coordinates. The start points become the end point. In an XY plot, this can be illustrated as follows:

The plot in the Flowpath geometry data view is a horizontal distance and elevation plot which always starts with zero. The XYZ geometry illustrated above is displays as follows in the Flowpath geometry data view:

This is how it is displayed when the data is reversed:

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Flowpath geometry data view

Mixed geometry If the geometry is specified with a mix of Length/Elevation and XYZ, then the reverse functionality first calculates the complete XYZ geometry. The length direction is x. Then the XYZ geometry is reversed. A Length/Elevation geometry with the geometry keys XStart, YStart and ZStart different from zero is treated as a mixed geometry. Section lengths If the section lengths are specified in a list, the list is reversed. Reset pipe labels Click this button to change all the labels of the pipes. The pipes will be labelled Pipe-1, Pipe-2, …, Pipe-n. This is useful if you have used the reverse geometry function. Discretize geometry Click this button to automatically fill in the section lengths of all pipes. Note that any existing sections will be overwritten. The discretization algorithm takes two parameters as input: Minimum number of sections per pipe and Maximum section length. The algorithm gives all pipes the same selected number of sections. The algorithm also tries to make sure that two adjacent sections does not have a length ratio higher than 1:2 (i.e: one section will be less than double the length of any adjacent sections). Open in editor Click the Open in editor button to open the Well editor if the flowpath is created via this editor. If the flowpath is created via the Diagram view, the Pipeline editor opens. This option is also available via the Context menu in the Diagram view.

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Import .geo file Click this button to import data from a .geo file. Plot tool bar A tool bar is available on the right side of the Flowpath geometry data view plot. The following options are available: Zoom - You can zoom in the plot by highlighting parts of the flowpath. To return to the initial view, click this button. Toggle pipe boundaries - Click this button to show/hide pipes in the Flowpath plot. Toggle section boundaries - Click this button to show/hide sections in the Flowpath plot. Toggle section length ratios - Click this button to show/hide the section length ratio in the Flowpath plot. The length ratios of each pipe section to its previous section is displayed. The recommended ratio range between 0.5 and 2 is highlighted in the plot. Toggle pipe walls - Click this button to show/hide pipe walls in the Flowpath plot

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Output view

Output view The Output view (not to be confused with the OUTPUT keyword/OUTPUT file) gives information about the state of the cases, modelling and simulations. The information is divided into three categories: Errors, Warnings and Info.

Error messages (and task list) The simulation can be performed. This symbol is displayed: Errors can be caused by:  Errors in input  Errors from initialization phase  Errors during simulation  List of incomplete keywords. Click on the

symbol to go to the incomplete keyword

Warnings The simulation may still be performed This symbol is displayed: Information (

) is given regarding:

 Simulator state changes  Progress during simulation  Any messages during simulation (info previously directed to the DOS window) The windows can be cleared from the Context menu (right-click). Copy text To copy text, mark the text and then right click and select Copy. Active Output categories, located in the top left of the Output view, are indicated by an orange background colour.. A left mouse click on the text will activate or deactivate the category. By default the output from the active case is shown. Output from other cases can be selected from the drop-down menu at the top of the Output view.

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Connections view The connections view gives information about the signal connections between transmitters, controllers, process equipment and boundary conditions. There are two modes: Display case and Display current object. Display case will show all signal connections for the entire case. Display current object will only show the signal connections for the selected object on the Diagram view. The sample below shows that a PID controller’s output signal (CONTR) is connected to VALVE-1’s input signal (VALVESIG). The VALVESIG for a valve is the same as the valve opening. The transmitter’s (TM-1) output signal (which depends on the variable specified for the transmitter e.g. pressure) is connected to the PID controller’s measured input signal (MEASRD).

You can view the direction of the signal connection on the Display current object tab to get a quick overview of all signals and their impact on the model parts. Inbound signal connections are coloured orange while outbound signal connections are coloured blue. See also Configuration of controller connections

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Simulation

Simulation There are some alternative ways to run a simulation, Run interactive and Run batch case by case or the entire project. Run interactive Run interactive makes it possible to open and view output results while running. An interactive simulation may be paused and continued. If you use the Step functionality in interactive simulations, note that the OLGA time steps override the Step functionality settings. Run in batch Click Run Batch to start the simulation in the background. This will open a command prompt showing output and progress. A batch simulation is running in a separate process than the GUI which means that it is possible to close down the GUI without disrupting the simulation. All open cases are saved when you click this button. Run Project and Run Project Batch

If the project contains more than one case there are two alternative options, Run Project and Run Project Batch. These options are available in the project menu located in the upper right corner, and will run all cases in the current project in sequence. The sequence can be specified by setting the project dependencies. Project Dependencies… can be access either from the 

Project menu or



By right-clicking the project in the Model Browser

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Set dependencies in the window to obtain the wanted simulation order.

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Reports

Reports A case report is generated and viewed in the default web browser from Report on the case toolbar. The menu system in the report uses JavaScript which may trigger a security warning from the web browser. Allow the blocked content to activate the menus in the report. Use the buttons on the top to jump to specific sections in the report or select Printer Friendly version to remove the menu system.

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Plots There are several types of plots that can be activated in OLGA. These are described below. Trend plots Profile plots Fluid plots 3D plots Interactive plots OLGA viewer

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Common behaviour in trend, profile and fluid plots

Common behaviour in trend, profile and fluid plots Adding notes on the plot Add a descriptive note to the plot by selecting Edit - Add Note from the Context menu. The window allows text to be entered and attached to the case to one of the series in the graph.

Change or delete the note by right-clicking it and select Edit - Edit Note from the Context menu. The notes can be toggle on and off by the notes button on the toolbar. Use of the plotting Context menu The plotting tool is a sophisticated program and provides access to several functions for modifying graphs. Most functionality is accessed through the Context menu (right-click on the plot to bring up the Context menu) File menu Save As Image Displays a window for saving current plot to an image file

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Print Setup Displays a window for modifying print settings like portrait/landscape, margins etc. Edit menu Select This option is used to add and remove plot variables. This window can also be brought up using the Select button in the toolbar. Copy There are two options: copy the underlying data for the plot (to clipboard) or copy the current graph as an image (to clipboard). The size of the plot can be adjusted so that all copied images will get the same size (this can be useful when copying several plots into a report). Note(s) A descriptive note may be added to the plot by selecting Edit - Add Note from the Context menu. The window allows text to be entered and attached to the case to one of the series in the graph. Min/max values The minimum and maximum values can be adjusted on the axis to zoom in on a subset of the graph. By default the minimum and maximum values are reset when the plot file is reloaded. This can however, be turned off. Series... This option brings up the window below which enables changes to the title used for the series and change the colour and line style for the series.

Legend... This option brings up the window below which enables setting the font, font-size and position of the legends.

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Axis... This option brings up the window below which enables editing the name of the axis, the format on the numbering, the position (top/bottom or left/right) and the colour of the axis. Note that for collapsed axis, only the position can be edited (the other options will be disabled for collapsed axis).

Titles... This option brings up the window below which enables editing of the header and footer. The visibility of the header and/or footer can also be set.

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View menu Black/White Collapse Axes If two variables use the same unit the axes for these variables will by default be collapsed. This option is used to switch between collapsed axes and individual axes for each variable. Legend This option is used to hide/show the plot legends. Track Values This option is used to see the numerical values used as basis for the plot. Notes This option is used to hide/show notes added to the plot (see Edit-Notes above). Plot templates If the same plot is to be generated several times, the plot configuration may be saved as a plot template. A plot template includes information about the selected variables, sequence of selected variables, colours, units and more. Plot templates are convenient when running the same case several times or when several nearly identical cases exist (e.g. restart cases). To create a plot template the plot must first be configure, and then select File - Save As Template…, located on the Context menu. The template is stored as a .tpl.tz/.ppl.tz file in the location specified. To use a plot template, click on the arrow on the right side of the profile/trend plotting buttons.

Select template from the list with recent templates or select Browse to locate a template not in the list. A plot template can also be opened from within the plot (File - Open Template). Note that a plot template will overwrite the current plot when opened this way.

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Export/import data to/from MS Excel Export data In the Select variable… window, mark the variables to export and then click the Export button. If desired, select export data to clipboard or to file. If exporting to file, a location and file name must be specified. The file can be opened in any text editor. If exporting to clipboard, the marked variable data is now copied to the clipboard and can easily be pasted into MS Excel. Some examples are shown below. Paste from Excel Select data columns in and select copy. In Plot window, right- click and select Dataset->Paste. Multi-case plotting It is possible to plot results from several cases/projects simultaneously. For example data from all the cases in a project can be plotted (use the Plot Project button in the Select variables… window). Several results files can also be opened via the Tools - Plot menu, select several files, either trend (.tlp) or profile (.plt) or within the plot tool itself by adding files, see below.

Note that for profile plots where different plotting intervals have been used in the different files, the profile closest to the selected time will be used and no interpolation is currently applied.

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3D Plots The 3D plot shows the holdup for liquid along a single flowpath (pipeline length) in a three dimensional view. The plot is activated by defining the keyword ANIMATE at the case level:

Only the plotting frequency needs to be specified. After the case is run, click on the 3D plot button in the case toolbar to open a separate tab with the holdup view. This tab can be undocked and docked. The area between the slug tail and the slug front (the slug body) is coloured red in the 3D plot when slugging occurs and slug tracking is activated.

3D plot toolbar

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3D Plots

Tool

Description

Reset view

Reset the x-y ratio and diameter sliders and fit the plot to the page.

Fit to page

Fits the plot to the page.

Point view

Toggles the point view.

Pan view

Toggles the Pan view (Shift+drag)

Rotate view

Toggles the Rotate view (Ctrl+drag)

Zoom view

Toggles the Zoom view (Mouse wheel)

X/Y ratio

Use this slider to change the ratio between the x-axis and y-axis. The default value is automatically set up by the 3D Plot view. It is also possible to enter the ratio directly in the input field next to the slider. The range for the slider is 0.01-100 (1:100-100:1).

Diameter

Use this slider to scale the relative size of a pipe diameter. The X/Y ratio is not affected by the changes you make here. Note that flowpath sections can overlap if you adjust the X/Y ratio or Diameter settings. Click Reset view to return to the original settings.

Show 3phase

Select this check box to visualize all three phases in the 3D Plot view. Water is coloured blue and oil is coloured brown. Gas is not coloured. If you clear this check box, the flow is visualized in two phases.

Uniform diameter

Select this check box to use one single diameter for all pipes. The actual pipe diameter is not used.

Show slugs Select this check box to visualize slugs in the 3D Plot view. Note that slug data must be available for this check box to be available. Show legend

Select this check box to display the colours of the phases in the flow in the Diagram view. If slugs are visualised, the legend also displays the slug colour.

Context menu

Menu item

Description

Select Branch

Presents a list of all branches.

Display Options

Toggles the title or the tool bar for the plot. Select Smoothing to visualize any holdup with smooth edges. If you clear this check box, the holdups are discretizised.

Load Layout from File...

Opens a window to specify a saved layout

Save Layout to File…

Opens a window to save the layout

Add Plot

Option to add a plot above/below /right/left of the selected plot

Remove Plot

The selected plot will be deleted

Copy

Options to copy image/data

Layout

Options to maximize, minimize and flip

Save As Video Clip (.avi)...

Export a video file of simulations run in the 3D viewer. The exported file uses your speed settings for the simulation.

View

Select type of plot - post processed or not

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Time slider Use the time slider located in the lower part of the 3D Plot view to control the 3D playback. Drag the time slider to a specific time in the animation, or click the various buttons to start, stop and pause the animation. You can also set the speed with the Realtime list on the right side of the slider. Note that the time slider is only displayed when interactive profile plots or 3D plots are present in the custom plot.

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Fluid plots

Fluid plots The plot-tool can be used to plot fluid-properties. Select Fluid Plot from the Case toolbar and then open a fluid-properties file (.tab). Select the variables to plot and press OK.

The freeze-function as for profile plots can be used. Click the nail and then the play button. Clicking the nail multiple times allows for the freezing of more curves. The default x-axis is temperature. It can be changed by moving the column header fields in the right-hand side window to locate the X-Axis field (which is in the far right position by default) and select Pressure instead of Temperature (see figure below).

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Interactive trend and profile plots Interactive plots means that you can view a parameter while simulating and the data in the plot will automatically be updated. You must define trend and profile variables through the SERVERDATA statement to be able to view these variables in interactive plots. The SERVERDATA keyword can be added through the model view on flow component level. SERVERDATA statements with only the variable given are treated as profile variables. If the position is specified, the variables listed in the variable field are trend variables. All process equipment variables are trend variables and require that a position is given e.g. VALVE = valve label. SERVERDATA data given for a controller does not work for interactive plotting. SERVERDATA keyword placed on case level, will only work for global variables in interactive plots. You cannot make plots for SERVERDATA statements containing a list of values for a section, only value will be reported.

After the plot variables are defined, interactive plots can either be added to the Diagram view by dragging from the component list or opened as separate plot tabs. Plot tabs are created by pressing the Interactive plot button on the case toolbar or pressing the + on the right side of the tabs.

For profile plots you can only see the last available profile, no history is saved.

In the plot tabs within the case, you can add several plots to one frame. An example is shown below. Each individual plot can be configured through the Context menu.

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Interactive trend and profile plots

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Adjustable sliding window in interactive trend plots Background If you run a long simulation in OLGA with interactive plotting of trend variables, the increasing amount of plot data-points will eventually slow down the plot update resulting in a longer simulation time. With the adjustable sliding plot window, the number of data points is reduced. This gives a predictable and constant plot update time. Sliding window is enabled as default in interactive window simulation plots with a time span of 3600s (1h)

How to use it Adjustable sliding window functionality can be used on the horizontal (time) axis of interactive trend plots in OLGA. To define a sliding window select the menu item Max/Min Settings.. in an interactive trend plot Context menu:

You define the sliding window setting for a plot in the Time axis sliding window section:

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Interactive trend and profile plots

Note  

Windowing is only available for interactive trend plots Changes are only submitted when you click Ok or Apply.



The sliding window settings for a plot are saved to the case file.

Explanation of fields Activate Select this check box to enable the sliding window in current plot. Span This field is only accessible when Activate is selected. In this field, you define the width of the window used on the horizontal axis, given in the horizontal axis unit. For example: If you specify a sliding window span to be 1000s and the simulation has run for more than the given time span, data points are removed at start to allow place for the new data points. This reduces the amount of points to be updated in the plot. Use this setting for all plots in case Select this check box to force all plots in this case to use the current sliding window setting. All new interactive trend plots are also initialised with this setting. Note that you can still change the setting locally: Define the local setting, clear Use this setting for all plots in case and submit change by clicking Ok or Apply.

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Context menu These are the menu items on the Context menu:

Menu item

Description

Edit/select Variables…

Opens the Variable selection window

Remove All Variables

Removes all variables in selected plot

Show variable selector

Toggles automatic pop-up of the Variable selection window (only used for the plot and value on Diagram view)

Max/Min Settings…

Opens a window to set the max and min values of the axis

Edit X-axis Unit…

Makes it possible to change the unit of the x-axis

Show border

Toggles the border around the plot

Load Layout from File…

Opens a window to specify a saved layout

Save Layout to File…

Opens a window to save the layout

Add Plot

Option to add a plot above/below /right/left of the selected plot

Remove Plot

Deletes the selected plot.

Remove All Plots

All plots in the plot tab will be deleted

Edit Title…

Opens a window where you can edit the plot title

Layout->

Options to change the plots position and size

Copy

Options to copy image/data

Configuration…

Opens a configuration window to edit the selected plot

View->

Select type of plot - post processed or not

The Context menu for the plots added to the Diagram view contains a subset of the above menu. Single values added to the Diagram view have the following Context menu:

Menu item

Description

Edit/select

Opens the Variable selection window

Variables... Show variable selector

Toggle automatic pop-up of the Variable selection window (only used for the plot and value on Diagram view)

Show border

Toggle the border around the value and name of the variable

Show Name

Toggle the variable name

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Profile plots

Profile plots Profile plots are variables plotted along a distance (flowpath). There are many different profile variables. A list of the different profile variables are given in the variable section. A profile variable needs to be added to the case before the simulation is started to be able to plot it afterwards. Profile variables can be added on case level and on flow component level through the keyword PROFILEDATA. In the profile data statement the user has to select a variable e.g. VARIABLE = PT (pressure). One can read more about the PROFILEDATA in the Keywords section. The plotting frequency is given through the keyword PROFILE on case level. All profile variables use the same plotting frequency. Note that the plotting frequency can never be lower than the time step of the OLGA simulation. To view the profile plot, select the profile button on the case toolbar and then select the variables to plot:

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It is possible to "play-back" the profile plot, either by dragging the slide or by clicking play. The keyboard arrows can also be used to navigate; in the profile plot integrated in the case tabs use the key ctrl in combination with the right and left arrows. You can also freeze a curve by clicking the nail stored. To "un-freeze" a curve, disable the nail

button. Each time the button is clicked, a curve is . Play-back is stopped by clicking stop. Several profiles

can be played back simultaneously; however, the speed will depend on the capabilities of the PC.

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Trend plots

Trend plots Trend plots are variables varying with time e.g. how the pressure varies with time at a given location. There are many different trend variables. A list of the different trend variables are given in the variable section. A trend variable needs to be added to the case before the simulation is started to be able to plot it afterwards. Trend variables can be added at the case level and at the flow component level through the keyword TRENDDATA. In the trend data statement the user has to select a variable and then a position e.g. VARIABLE = PT (pressure) and position given e.g. by ABPSPOSITION = 100 m. One can read more about the TRENDDATA in the Keywords section. The plotting frequency is given through the keyword TREND on case level. All trend variables use the same plotting frequency. Note that the plotting frequency can never be lower than the time step of the OLGA simulation. After the simulation is run, select trend plot from the button in the case toolbar. This gives the Select variable window below. Select the variables to plot. Double click on the selection or right-click and choose one of the options displayed. Click OK to see the graph.

There are many ways to filter the content of the window above. Note that filtering is a tool for locating the variables. The selected variables are plotted even if they are ‘filtered away’. Slug statistics It is possible to plot slug statistics using the plots. This is done by adding the plot variables LSLEXP (slug length) and LSBEXP (bubble length) to the trend data. Based on these plot variables two synthetic variables are calculated; LSLEXP_STAT and LSBEXP_STAT. By plotting these variables, a bar chart will be created that shows the distribution of slugs/bubbles that have a duration which is a multiplicity of the given slug duration interval.

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The slug duration interval and calculation time span can be changed using the window below.

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Trend plots

Surge Volume The plot will calculate and plot the surge volume if the plot variable ACCLIQ is included (accumulated liquid volume flow) as a plot variable in the trend data. The surge volume variables can be plotted as surge liquid volume (SURGELIQ), surge oil volume (SURGEOIQ) and surge water volume (SURGEWAQ).

The default calculation interval is from the simulation start to the end time. Default Qmax is given as:

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(ACCLIQ@endtime - ACCLIQ@starttime)/(Endtime-starttime) Start time, end time and Qdrain can be changed in the Surge Volume Options window (see below). Setting empty values in an option field causes default values to be used for this field, i.e. an empty value in end time cause last simulation time step to be used as end time.

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Tools available with OLGA

Tools available with OLGA

Tool

Started from

Documentation

FEMThem Viewer

File menu F1 inside tool - > Tools within OLGA GUI

OLGA viewer

File menu Start page, All Programs->Schlumberger-> OLGA 2014.2->Documentation - > Tools within OLGA GUI

Mud property table


Multiflash

File menu Help menu within the tool. - > Tools within OLGA GUI

OLGA Namespace Explorer


Profile Generator


OLGA command shell

File menu Click here - > Tools within OLGA GUI

Fluid definition tool

File menu F1 inside tool - > Tools within OLGA GUI or from Well GUI

Rocx

File menu Start page, All Programs->Schlumberger-> OLGA 2015.1->Documentation - > Tools within OLGA GUI

Parametric study

From To Click here or F1 inside tool ols on the case toolbar

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Tool

Started from

Documentation

within OLGA GUI Multiphase toolkit


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OLGA Command Prompt

OLGA Command Prompt Cases may be run without opening the GUI. Select OLGA Command prompt from the start menu (Start All Programs - Schlumberger - OLGA X.x - Tools - OLGA Command Prompt). A command prompt is opened and allows for the use of the special ‘opi’ command. Type ‘opi /?’ to bring up help on all available options for this command. Here are some examples of what can be done with the opi command: Run a single simulation from the current folder opi sample.opi Run all cases in the current folder opi *.opi Run all cases in the current folder and all sub-folders opi /recursive *.opi The opi command may run opi-files, inp-files, key-files, geninp-files and genkey-files.

When you run the OPI command from the OLGA Command Shell, the following log files are created: • BatchExecutionSummary.txt - for a general simulation status overview. • BatchExecutionSummary.txt.simOut - for the OLGA simulation output.

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OLGA Viewer The OLGA Viewer is a stand-alone animation tool that is installed and defined as an external tool by default; see the File menu/Tools –> External tools. The PLOT keyword is needed by the OLGA Viewer, and it is always specified on case level:

In the Properties window for the PLOT, both the plotting frequency DTPLOT and the variables must be specified. All variables are plotted for all flowpaths (branches) and all sections of the case. A *.plt file is generated during the OLGA simulation. After opening the OLGA viewer, select the appropriate .plt file. The figure below shows a snap-shot from the OLGA viewer. A separate help document is available from the Help menu within the tool.

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Risk management and optimisation (RMO)

Risk management and optimisation (RMO) RMO is a risk management and optimisation module powered by MEPO you use to perform sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, as well as tuning/optimisation on parameters defined in OLGA. 

The sensitivity analysis allows you to find out which of your input parameters have the greatest



influence on a specific output. The uncertainty analysis allows you to define distribution functions for each of your input parameters, and run a case honouring these in order to see how the output parameters vary.

When you tune/optimize, the input parameters automatically changes to minimize or maximize the difference between specified measurements and simulation results. For a detailed description of RMO; launch RMO and select the Analysis manual tab. Define input parameters This is how you define the input parameters to be used in the RMO analysis : 1.

Select Risk Management and Optimisation (RMO) in the case toolbar of the case you want to do the analysis for:

The RMO Input parameters window opens. 2.

Enter the parameter definitions:

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Use non-numeric parameters The RMO module requires that all parameters to be varied in a study are defined as numeric values (integer or floats). Normally, this is not a problem since parameters used in a study often defines a numeric (i.e. mass-flow on a source). But in some cases the parameter to vary in the study is a non-numeric value, such as geometry or fluid. The solution to this is to use a numeric value in the label of the parameter to vary.

By setting the precision to 0, you can use integers for OLGA keys with a label value in the sensitivity cycle.

If you want to run a study with 11 different geometries, define the different geometries with label from 0 to 10 as shown below (other numeric labels will also work as long as the string represent a numeric value).

Select New in the RMO input parameters window. Then select GEOMETRY on the flowpath:

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Specify GLOBALGEOM as a parameter:

A new parameter is defined in the RMO input parameters window which can be used to run a study on the different geometries.

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Use time series/lists as parameters If a selected input parameter in RMO contains a list of values, the last parameter in the list is used in the RMO analysis. This means that you can only change the last number in a time series/list during the RMO analysis.

Valid characters for folders, cases and parameter names Space and hyphen (-) are allowed in the folder path and in the OLGA case name when launching the RMO module. The name of the RMO input parameters can contain the following characters: ()><&|='.?+$%§!{}^,\"

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Explanation of fields Parameter name This is the name of the parameter (Default value is the same as Parameter). The parameter name can be edited by the user. You click on a cell to edit a cell and then move out of the cell to accept edited name. The following characters are illegal to use in the parameter name: ( ) > < & | = _- * / " ' . ? + $ % § ! { } ^ , (+space) An error message is given if illegal characters are used in a parameter name, and the Launch RMO button is disabled. Parameter This is the type of parameter (key). Unit The unit is the same as the unit used in the property editor. If you want a different unit, this must be changed in the property editor for the specific parameter. The unit cannot be changed within the RMO analysis. Location This field specifies the location (parent container, i.e. flowpath name) of the defined parameter. Keyword(s) This field defines the keywords to which a parameter belongs. Notification area This field shows errors and information, i.e. if an illegal character is used in the parameter name.

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Action buttons New Use this button to add new input parameters to use in RMO simulation. When you click this button, the Select Parameter window opens. Choose flowpath, node, separator, controller, case or library in accordance with where the parameter change belong. In this window, you choose the keyword from the list on the right side by double-clicking a keyword or with the arrows between the lists. Then you choose Click to select parameter header in the list of selected keywords. A list with all parameters for the selected keyword is displayed, but you can only select the keys shown in black. Select a parameter and press OK. Note: For pipe, it is possible to choose several pipes. I.e. the parameter selected for this keyword is commonly changed for all pipes selected. Edit Use this button to change the selected row. When you click this button, the Select parameter window opens. The same procedure as for the New button applies. Delete Use this button to delete selected parameters. Clear Use this button to delete all parameters in the list. Launch RMO Use this button to start RMO with the parameters as defined in the list. This button is not available if: 

Illegal characters are used in parameter name

 

If no result files exists for the base case The RMO module is already running (only one instance of the module can run at the same time)

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Troubleshooting Illegal characters In folders: RMO has restrictions regarding legal characters in case file name and path. The following characters are not allowed: ()><&|=-*/"'.?+$%§!{}^, An error message is displayed in the Notification area if illegal characters are used in a folder name, and the Launch RMO button is disabled. In parameter names: Parameter names can be changed by the user in the RMO input parameters window. The following characters are illegal to use in the parameter name: ( ) > < & | = _- * / " ' . ? + $ % § ! { } ^ , An error message is displayed in the Notification area if illegal characters are used in a parameter name, and the Launch RMO button is disabled. Missing result files Note that the base case must have been run prior to the RMO launch since the results from the TPL and PPL files are used in further analysis. An error message is displayed in the Notification area if TPL and PPL files are missing, and the Launch RMO button is disabled. RMO already running Only one instance of RMO can run at the same time. If an instance is already running, the Launch RMO button is disabled. Hibernate Do not to set the PC in hibernate mode during study. This will make the simulations for the RMO tuning optimization cycle fail.

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Parametric study A parametric study is a way to set up a series of OLGA cases based on a current case where each case has one or more parameters that change. A typical example is to define four cases where everything is the same except for the mass inflow through the source. The inflow increases incrementally in each case. The parametric study makes it easy to define and run these cases. You can use up to 50 parameters. The Parametric studies page is opened from the Case toolbar, where new studies can be added or previously performed studies reopened. The input window for parametric studies is shown below.

Studies can only be performed on the local machine; however, the number of simultaneous simulation can be given (#Parallel simulations). This can be useful for machines with multiple processors or multithreading. Use the Duplicate button to create a new study. All cases and parameters are copied from the original study. This simplifies the process of entering the same parameters for several studies. You cannot run parallel simulations in batch, i.e. you can only use Run study with parallel simulations. When saving the case, the parametric study is saved in a separate folder together with the Project/Case.

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Parametric study

Naming of cases The naming of the cases can be changed by selecting an alternative Decoration. %N – will be replaced by case number %1 – will be replaced by name of parameter 1 Custom decorations can be created. The name applied as a result of the selected decoration is displayed in the list below.

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Creating a study First, click on the button Add. Secondly, decide how many parameters/properties that should be varied in the parametric study. Enter the number in the #Parameter field.

Then select the parameters to change by right-clicking in the header of the table, where it says , then Select Parameter… . In the window that appears, choose the flowpath, node, separator, controller, case or library to where the parameter to change belongs.

Next choose the keyword from the list shown on the right by double clicking on the keyword or by using the arrows between the lists. Then, in the list of selected keyword(s), click in the header where it says “Click to select parameter”. A list all parameters for the selected keyword will show, only the keys shown in black can be selected. Select one parameter and press OK. Note that for pipe, it is possible to choose several pipes. This means that the parameter chosen for this keyword will be commonly changed for all pipes selected. When all parameters to change have been selected, add values to the parameters. There are several ways of entering data: 

Typing values directly into the table. Right-clicking the case column will bring up the option to insert



more cases. Right-click on one of the parameter headings and choose Set Value(s)… . This gives the option of giving a range of values; start, end and step. The case table will then automatically be filled in for the selected parameter.

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Parametric study



Clicking on the Matrix… button. This option is only available if more than one parameter is given. In the matrix window gives the option of entering a list of values for each parameter, which then again will update the case table with all combinations of parameters specified.

When all data are specified, run the study. The Run Study Batch button will start a command shell which will run independently of the OLGA GUI and only report status while running in the command shell window. While the Run Study button will start the simulations more integrated with GUI, meaning that the status will be shown in the case table. Note that only the cases with a check mark will be run. The check marks are removed after the simulations have completed if the Run Study option is used.

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Viewing results After the parametric study has been run, several different plots can be used to view the results. Below is a short description for each of the options Trend Plot Click on the Trend Plot button and the Select variables… window appears. The functionality here is similar to the one described in general for plots. Select the variables that should be plotted, press OK and the plot will appear. Profile Plot Click on the Profile Plot button and the Select variables… window appears. The functionality here is similar to the one described in general for plots. Select the variables that should be plotted, press OK and the plot will appear. XY Plot Click on the XY Plot button and a window appears. First, select variable type, trend or profile. Then, select the parameter for the x-axis. Then select the 2nd parameter. This parameter will be constant for each curve plotted, meaning that there will be a curve for each value of this parameter. The variable for the yaxis then needs to be selected, choose one of the listed items in the left part of the window. Press Plot and the plot will be created.

Within the XY plot, the time for trend plot variables and the time and pipeline length for profile variables can be changed by the lists shown at the bottom of the plot. The option Tabulate shows the value of the variable as function of parameter 1 and parameter 2 at selected time/pipeline length in a table. Several tables can be added. The values in the tables can easy be copied out by clicking on the Copy tables button. Note that this option only makes sense if one or more parameters are kept constant while other parameters are varying. This will be obtained if the Matrix… option is used to add data to the case table.

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Fluid Definition Tool/Fann table

Fluid Definition Tool/Fann table The Fluid Definition Tool can be used to generate mud tables and Fann tables. The two different modes work independently of each other and are described below. The fluid tool is activated either through the Tool menu on the Case toolbar, through the Tools page on the File menu or via the Well editor - Fluid & PVTtask (illustrated below):

Fluid definition This part of the fluid definition tool is used to generate different mud tables by modifying an existing PVT file. The physical properties of the base fluid are substituted with the values from simple correlations. The base fluid can either be oil, gas, or water. You can specify the type of base fluid, density and viscosity of the base fluid at the standard conditions. Optionally yield stress can also be given to oil or water based mud.

Procedure 1.

2.

Browse to select an existing .tab file. If there are more than one fluid definition in this file, one of them can be selected as the base fluid to be used as a starting point for the generated fluid. Both keyword based PVT files and fixed format PVT files are supported as base fluids. Define the properties that will be used when generate the resulting PVT file: Mud type, Density, Plastic viscosity and yield stress. Select Custom to give values for all these properties. You may also select one of the preset options: Nitrogen, Air or Sea Water. Note that these pre-set options only fill in default values for the input. The same correlations are used as if you select Custom.

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3. 4.

Yield stress is an optional input for oil- and water mud types. Type a negative value if you do not want the yield stress in the resulting table. Click Save file… to give a name and location for the resulting PVT file. The generated PVT file will be added to the list of fluids in Fluid & PVT. Note that the generated PVT file will be fixed format even if the base PVT file is keyword based.

FANN definition This part of the fluid tool is used to generate a file containing Fann readings. The Fann file is specified as an input file in the FILES keyword and it is used by OLGA to automatically create a Rheology file. The format of the Fann file is described in the Fann table file. The Fann readings are entered in the table (manually or pasted from Excel or a text file). If some data is not given (empty cells), the values for that column are not included in the Fann file, i.e. it is not possible to have partial input in a column. When the Fann readings are entered you create the Fann file by clicking the Save file… button. Note that due to a limitation of the current implementation in OLGA the Pressures and Temperatures of the measurements must be given in a rectangular grid. If not, a warning is displayed when you try to save the file.

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Mud properties - model description

Mud properties - model description Below is an overview of the calculations of the mud properties in the Fluid definition tool. Note - Vogel: OLGA input assumes the temperature in the Vogel equation is in °C. The maximum viscosity obtained with the Vogel equation is limited to 1e9 cP (1e6 Ns/m²), and the minimum is limited to 1e-6 cP (1e-9 Ns/m²). Units are given as: p - pressure (pa) T - temperature (K) - density at in-situ pressure and temperature (kg/m3) - density at standard pressure and temperature (kg/m3) Gas phase Only density and viscosity are adjusted: Gas density From the equation of state:

Density derivatives From the equation of state:

Gas viscosity There are two options for viscosity - Vogel or Simple Simple

Vogel

- Viscosity (pa.s) - Viscosity (N7m) at standard condition and - are constants, specified through the VISCOSITYBCONST and VISCOSITYCCONST keys, respectively.

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Oil phases Oil density

Oil viscosity Simple

Vogel

and

are constants, specified through the VISCOSITYBCONST and VISCOSITYCCONST keys,

respectively. Oil thermal capacity

- thermal capacity (J/kgC) Oil Enthalpy

Water phases Water density

Water viscosity Simple

Vogel

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Mud properties - model description

and - are constants, specified through the VISCOSITYBCONST and VISCOSITYCCONST keys, respectively. Water thermal capacity

- thermal capacity (J/kgC) Water enthalpy

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IO Configuration Tool Use the IO Configuration Tool in an OLGA model to fast and easy define plot variables and to efficiently populate variables on the OLGA OPC server. The configurations you set up can be general, such as defining one or several trend variables on all sources in a model. These configurations can also be specific, such as setting up the OPC server with the valve opening variable for valves only with a label matches a given text filter. The set of configurations is saved together with the current case file. The configuration set is reapplied when you open the case. The set is model specific, meaning it creates inputs and outputs only if there is a correct match in the current model. However, you can save the configurations to file (and load from file) to allow reuse between different models and projects. Note: It is not recommended to edit the saved file manually. This is due to the strictly structured file format.

You start the IO Configuration Tool from the Tools menu in the OLGA Case tool bar:

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Add configurations

Add configurations Add configuration: 1. 2.

Write a general description for all configurations. This field is optional. Select the Plot, Interactive plot or OPC configuration you want to add via the buttons on the Tool bar:

Plot Use this configuration to define plot variables in the OLGA model. This configuration maps to the TRENDDATA or PROFILEDATA keyword in the OLGA model, depending on the selection: Global trend, Trend data or Profile data. Trend data: A keyword must be set before the plot variables are selected. To set a trend variable on a specific position on the flowpath, define the POSITION keyword with relevant position. Then use POSITION as keyword when you define trend data output. Profile data: FLOWPATH is the only keyword available. Global trend: Defines GLOBAL trend variables (there is no keyword selection).

Examples Example 1: Add trend variable TM to all SOURCE keywords 1. Define the configuration. a. Click the Keywords button to select keyword. The Select keyword window opens. b. Select Source from the list of keywords. Then click OK. c. Click the Variables button to define variables. The Select variables window contains variables based on a user selection (e.g. configuration type, trend type and keywords)

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2. Select Apply from the Tool bar. The OLGA model is updated with a new TRENDDATA. See illustration below. The data generated by the IO Configuration Tool is displayed with a separate colour::

Example 2: Add profile variable PT to the FLOWPATH keyword

1. Define the configuration.

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Add configurations

a.

Click the Variables button to define variables. Notice that only the Variables button is available and the Keywords field is set to FLOWPATH.

2. Select Apply from the Tool bar. The OLGA model is updated with new PROFILEDATA. The data generated by the IO Configuration Tool is displayed with a separate colour::

Example 3: Add global trend variable HT

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1. Define the configuration. Notice that only the Variables button is available and the Subgroup column is indicating Global.

2. Select Apply from the Tool bar. The OLGA model is updated with new TRENDDATA. The data generated by the IO Configuration Tool is displayed with a separate colour:

Interactive plot Use this configuration to define interactive plot variables in the OLGA model. The configuration maps to SERVERDATA in the OLGA model. In Interactive mode, you can display variables in an interactive plot or interactive variable values.

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Add configurations

Trend data: A keyword must be selected before the plot variables are selected. To set a trend variable on a specific position on the flowpath, define the POSITION keyword with relevant position. Then use POSITION as keyword when you define trend data output. Profile data: FLOWPATH is the only keyword available. Global trend: Defines GLOBAL trend variables.

Examples Example 1: Add interactive trend variable PT on SOURCE 1. Define the configuration. a. Click the Keywords button to select keyword. The Select keyword window opens. b. Select Source from the list of keywords. Then click OK. c. Click the Variables button to define variables. The Select variables window contains variables based on a user selection (e.g. configuration type, trend type and keywords)

2. Select Apply from the Tool bar. The OLGA model is updated with new SERVERDATA. The data generated by the IO Configuration Tool is displayed with a separate colour.

Example 2: Add interactive profile variable TM on FLOWPATH 1. Define the configuration.

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2. Select Apply from the Tool bar. The OLGA model is updated with new SERVERDATA. The data generated by the IO Configuration Tool is displayed with a separate colour:

Example 3: Add interactive GLOBAL trend variable VOLGBL 1. Define the configuration.

2. Select Apply from the Tool bar. The OLGA model is updated with new SERVERDATA. The data generated by the IO Configuration Tool is displayed with a separate colour:

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Add configurations

OPC Use this configuration to define input and output items on the OPC server in the OLGA model. This configuration maps to SERVERDATA or EXPOSE in the OLGA model, depending on the Trend data selection. Trend data: A keyword must be selected before the actual plot variables are selected. Profile data: FLOWPATH is the only keyword available. Global trend: Defines GLOBAL trend variables. Expose input data: A keyword must be selected before you can select the key to be exposed on the OPC server.

Examples Example 1: Expose PRESSURE key on SOURCE keyword 1. Define the configuration. Note: The selection in the Select variables window are the keys available for SOURCE.

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2. Select Apply from the Tool bar The OLGA model is updated with new EXPOSE variables. The data generated by the IO Configuration Tool is displayed with a separate colour:

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Add configurations

The Filter function

The Filter on label field is optional. If you enter text in this field, it only applies to the keyword labels matching the filter text. You can use the wildcards * and ? to specify subsets. For example: To select all sources starting with “IN”, write “IN*”. If you enter “IN?”, it only matches the labels with exactly “IN” and one character after it. E.g. “IN1” or “INA” will match, but not “IN12”, nor “IN”. You can also combine the wildcards *?. In this example, only nodes with labels ending in “let” are used:

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Buttons and windows Apply When you select Apply in the Tool bar, the current configurations to the OLGA model are applied. The Output view in OLGA reports the number of new configurations applied. The configurations are also applied when you save a case or run a verification of the case. Note: Save and Verify are not undoable operations. Thus, applied IO configurations in these operations cannot be undone.

Open When you select Open in the Tool bar, you must specify an IO Configuration file (.json) to be loaded. When loading configurations from a file, the current configurations are erased and replaced with the configurations in the file. If any errors occur during file load, for instance wrong version number or syntax, these are reported in the Output view. Click Apply when a new configurations is loaded. Note: It is not recommended to edit the saved file or to create a new (.json) file manually. This is due to its strictly structured file format.

Save When you select Save in the Tool bar, you must specify an IO Configuration file (.json) to save the current configurations. Saved configurations can be re-loaded with the Open command. The Select keyword window When you click the Keyword button, the Select keyword window opens. Use this window to select one single keyword or group. The Select variables window When you click the Variables button, the Select variables window opens. Use this window to select variables. You can search for variables in the Search field. You can sort each column by double-clicking the column header.

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Add configurations

Undo and Redo IO configurations You can only undo or redo an action after you have clicked the Apply button. The OLGA case is then reverted to its previous state before applying the last action. The IO Configuration Tool tab is refreshed based on what the previous OLGA case contains. Example:

1. You add two configurations and click Apply. The OLGA case now includes these IO configurations.

2. You add two more configurations and click Apply. The OLGA case now includes these new IO configurations.

3. You click Undo or press Ctrl+Z. Result: The two additional configurations are removed.

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4. You click Redo or press Ctrl+Y. Result: The two additional configurations are added. 5. You delete three configurations, but do not click Apply. Result: OLGA does not include the changed IO configuration, since it is not applied to the OLGA case.

6. You click Undo or press Ctrl+Z. Result: Reverts the last applied action. 7. You click Redo button or Ctrl+Y. Result: Reverts the last Undo action.

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Add configurations

Limitations 



Variables that require input that is not available through the IO configuration tool cannot be specified using this tool. E.g. Tracer tracking variables, Compositional Tracking variables, Layers, Slug Tracking variables and Bundle.. For OPC configurations, you can only use the Expose input data option for flow components (e.g. Controllers. NODE, SOURCE, VALVE) with the key EXPOSE available. I.e. you cannot use this option for Library or Case definition keywords.

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Multiphase Toolkit With the Multiphase Toolkit it is possible to analyse fully developed steady state operating conditions in a pipe by utilizing the OLGAS point model. This model contains the same basic physical flow models as used in OLGA. It can be quite useful to use the tool ahead of pipeline simulations to learn about your system. E.g. for gas condensate pipelines the prediction of steady state holdup as function of inclination for different production rates should be calculated. If you know your pipeline angle distribution (e.g. from the Profile generator) you can then estimate liquid content in the pipeline for the different production rates. Investigation of flow regimes for different conditions (inclination, diameter, flow rates) can also be useful. How to use The following features are available: 

Single or multiple OLGAS simulations



Parametric studies

 

Flow regime maps Velocity profile

Input Input to OLGAS can be grouped into three parts: ( you can change the color for each group through Tools -> Group Colors. ) 

Flow rates/production rates

 

Fluid properties Pipe description: Diameter, inclination, roughness, length (optional)

The input is stored in an Input Panel (spread sheet). Each row represents the input to one OLGAS simulation. There are currently two options for specifying the input: 

All input values are typed in or pasted from an Excel/ASCII file



Sample cases: Under: File -> Samples, a 2-Phase Case and a 3-Phase Case can be chosen.

Units for the input variables can be changed by right-clicking the variable name. This does not change the values in the Input Panel. Options Under Tools -> Options, it is possible to adjust the 3-Phase Calculations Single or multiple OLGAS simulations OLGAS is run for all rows and the results are stored in an Output Panel. Units can be changed by rightclicking the variable name. This also changes the values in the Output Panel. Input rows and output rows are connected through their Case#. As one Input (or Output) row is selected, the corresponding Output (or Input) row is highlighted. Parametric study A Parametric Study for the case highlighted in the Input Panel is chosen. A panel appears and variables with start and end values are specified. After OK OLGAS is run for N # of steps (cases). The effect on different variables can be shown in x-y plots. In the plots axis units are chosen by holding the mouse cursor over an axis and right-clicking. When closing the Parametric Study the results of all runs are stored in the Output Panel.

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Multiphase Toolkit

Flow regime maps Flow regime maps are generated based on the case highlighted in the Input Panel. The range for the superficial velocities and the resolution are given in the Flow Regime Panel. Both gas/liquid and oil/water flow regime maps are drawn. Velocity profile Velocity profile is generated based on the case highlighted in the Input Panel. The plot view is docked on the right side of the main window by default. You can make it floating by double-clicking the title bar of the spread sheet. By choosing different toolbar icons of the plot window, you can pan, rotate and zoom the view, visualize velocity value, and save the plot to a picture file. You can change various drawing options, by using the setting bar on the right of plot window, or through Tools -> Velocity Profile. Model description In Multiphase Toolkit the OLGAS point model is used to calculate the fully developed steady state operating conditions in a straight pipe. This model contains the same basic physical flow models as used in OLGA. OLGAS operates with 9 gas / liquid flow regimes: 0 -> Stratified smooth 1 -> Stratified wavy 2 -> Annular 3 -> Slug flow 4 -> Bubble flow 5 -> Two-phase oil/water 6 -> Single phase gas 7 -> Single phase oil 8 -> Single phase water and these oil / water flow regimes: IDWH(1) : Oil/water flow regime for separated flow and for two-phase oil/water flow IDWH(2) : Oil/water flow regime for slug IDWH(3) : Oil/water flow regime for slug bubble = 0 -> Stratified smooth = 1 -> Stratified wavy = 2 -> Dispersed < 0 -> Undefined or not applicable Example: If distributed (hydrodynamic slug or bubble) flow and IDWH(2) = 0: Oil/water flow regime is stratified smooth in the liquid slug part of a slug unit. (A slug unit is consisting of a liquid slug and a neighbouring bubble). If distributed (hydrodynamic slug or bubble) flow and IDWH(3) = 2: Oil/water flow regime in the slug bubble is dispersed with either water droplets in oil or vice versa, depending on the watercut being below or above the water/oil inversion point. When the gas/liquid flow regime is bubble, only IDWH(2) applies, as the liquid slug length fraction of a slug unit is then 1.0.

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Flow regime transitions are based partly on mechanistic models and partly on correlations. Limitations Multiphase Toolkit uses the OLGAS point model. This model contains the same basic physical models as used in OLGA. However, in OLGAS steady state fully developed flow in a straight pipe is assumed. In a real pipeline this situation is not always achieved due to development along the line or due to variations with time. The OLGA pipeline model includes these deviations from the fully developed state. Direct comparisons between OLGAS and OLGA predictions in a point along the pipeline should therefore be done with care. However, OLGAS can give you a good estimate of the steady state situation.

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Olga Gui Manual

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