Nato HF Modem Perspective

NATO’s Perspective on HF

presented by Donald Kallgren Communication and Information Systems Division +31 70 374 3442 don kallgren@nc3a nato int [email protected] 1

S ubnetwork S ervice Interface: S ’5066, S ’4538

• Decomposition of Standards into EPM and nonEPM parts

A LM ARQ

C lear V oice an d T raffic W aveform s :

S ’4203, S ’4197, S ’4285, S ’4539, M S ’110 A/B , etc.

EPM LS U

EPM W aveform s

‘Modules’ or ‘rooms’ in HF House provide separate areas of focus allowing work to proceed in parallel where possible

Provides:

• Decomposition into functional layers

• Formal placeholders for Legacy and Evolving Standards • Roadmap for development and the

• Decomposition into 2-G/3-G elements

• HF House is not new Slide 2

provision of new services

Proposed P d and d used d within ithi the th HF-Radio HF R di Ad-Hoc Ad H Working group since the mid-1990’s 18 November, 2003

S’4444

A LE

ACS

S’4538

S’5066

2-G ARQ

Burst Waveforms

• Provide a structured overview and development plan for NATO High-Frequency Standards and Standardization Efforts

3-G : A R C S 2-G A LE

8FSK

MS-141A (ap pp. A)

HF House: The Idea

HF House: What built it? What’s in it? And Why? Multiple Environments

The Awful HF Channel

Pressures to Develop Modern HF Systems

The Triumph of Technology over Physics? Slide 3

C lear V oice and T raffic W avefo rm s:

ACS

S ’4203, S ’4197, S ’4285, S ’4539, M S ’110A/B , etc.

Multiple p Applications

EPM LS U

EPM W aveave form s

S’4444

A LE

A LM ARQ

S’4538

2-G ARQ

Bu urst Wavefforms

2-G A LE

S’5066

3-G : A R C S

8F FSK

MS S-141A (app. A)

S ubnetwork S ervice i IInterface: t f S ’5066, S ’4538

Automation as a Response to Complexity and Ignorance 18 November, 2003

The ‘Awful’ HF channel F2

• Multipath environment F1 • groundwave + skywave, or E • skywave + skywave • Dispersive / Absorptive Channel • Time- / Frequency Groundwave variations • seasonal, diurnal and short-term variations a function of frequency • Noise • lighting, galactic, industrial noise dominate thermal noise • Congestion • HF radio’s been around since the beginning … if a nation or enterprise t i has h had h d (have) (h ) anything, thi they’ve th ’ had h d (still ( till have) h ) HF radio. Slide 4

18 November, 2003

Pressures to develop modern HF Communications • SATCOM can’t meet all ELOS/BLOS comm. requirements • blockage bl k in i high-latitude, hi h l tit d and d in i mid-latitude id l tit d mountainous t i regions i • cost (a decreasing factor, but still significant for some) • competition for available capacity

• push for ‘higher’ data rates • information explosion - new data and sources; new ways of expressing old information – in the (Wireless) Internet … a word is worth a thousand pictures

• expanded user population with requirements for data exchange – aggravated in some cases by a mis-match between application (w/ multicast requirements i t and d point-to-point i tt i t implementation) i l t ti ) and d radio di channel h l (w/ ( / inherent i h t multicast capability) Slide 5

18 November, 2003

Technology’s Triumph over Nature & Physics? • Marriage of mature technologies can successfully combat dispersive channel effects: • proven channel models for dispersive /

Adaptive Equalization Filter

absorptive environments • optimal estimation techniques applied to unknown channel characteristics • adaptive control/equalization to minimize estimation error for known signal elements • Moore’s Law and Optimized Digital Signal Processing algorithms allow practice to keep step with theory Slide 6

18 November, 2003

HF Automation as a Response to Complexity p y and Ignorance g • HF Communications has been something of a ‘Black Art’ and … • … therefore it has become a ‘Lost Art’ known only to the persistent few ... • Link Establishment for BLOS skywave operation is hard, and historically has relied on trained operators to manage complex operating procedures to: – estimate the environmental conditions, select frequencies, determine/adapt the optimum data rate, wait through the inevitable channel outages till the next communications period, manage retransmissions of missed messages ... • HF users abandoned the medium because of the the success and comparative high-reliability of SATCOM systems, reducing the number of trained operators further …

• Automation: • compensates for the lack of trained operators in HF • enables precise, rapid, and responsive control of complex processes • enables HF use by comparatively unskilled operators (or, alternatively, by operators with different skill sets, like IT system administration) Slide 7

18 November, 2003

HF: How/Where Used? • Multiple Applications • Voice –clear AM/FM –narrow-band secure digital • Data –TTY - historically where errors could be tolerated –reliable data - w/ advent of ARQ and robust coding • Fax –weather / other image • Broadcast –maritime applications some of the oldest uses of HF BLOS • Variable Topologies –Point-to-Point –Point-to-Multipoint –ad-hoc communications –disciplined nets Slide 8

• Multiple Environments • Land / Air –ad-hoc tactical nets –point-to-point –mobile/manpack • Maritime –ad-hoc nets –point-to-point –disciplined single-frequency nets • Civil –low-cost BLOS w/o SATCOM –emergency management • Military –backup for essential services –low-cost BLOS w/o SATCOM • Benign / Degraded Channels –interference (deliberate or unintentional)) –HF is rarely benign, but you can get lucky! 18 November, 2003

The ‘HF-House’ STANAG Suite

ALM ARQ

S4444

ACS ALE

EPM LSU S4538

S5066

3G, ARCS

Clear voice and traffic waveforms : S4203, S4197, S4285, S4415, S4539, MS110, etc.

KEY

• • • • • • • •

2G ARQ

Burst ms waveform

Physical Layer

2G ALE

8FSK

Network Layer Link Layer

Subnetwork service interface S5066, S4538

MS S141 (appx A)

(interface to higher ISO layers)

EPM waveforms

2G: second generation 3G: third generation Snnnn: STANAG MSnnn: Mil-Std Mil Std

STANAG 5066 - Profile for HF Radio Data Communications STANAG 4539 - HF Waveforms (PSK, QPSK, QAM) STANAG S G 4538 538 - Automated uto ated Radio ad o Co Control t o Syste System ((ARCS) CS) STANAG 4444 - HF EPM Waveform (FH-PSK/FH-QPSK) STANAG 4415 – Robust HF Waveform @ 75 bps STANAG 4203 - HF Radio Standards (~ 3 kHz, ~1.4 kHz ) MIL-STD-188-110A/B - HF Waveforms (PSK/QPSK/QAM) MIL-STD-188-141A - Automatic Link Establishment Slide 9

• ACS • Automatic Channel Selection • ALE • Automatic Link Establishment • ARQ • Automatic Repeat Request • ALM • Automatic Link Maintenance • EPM • Electronic Protection Measures 18 November, 2003

2nd/3rd Generation HF - Definitions • NATO Standards Base for 2-G HF Communications: • Modems

- STANAG 4285/4539/MIL STD 188 110B

• ARQ

- STANAG 5066

• ALE

- MIL STD 188 141A

• Subnetwork

- STANAG 5066

• HF Clients

- STANAG 5066 / other (e.g., STANAG 4406E T-MMHS)

• NATO Standards Base for 3-G 3 G HF Communications

Slide 10

• Waveforms

- BW1-5 from STANAG 4538

• ARQ

- HDL & LDL from STANAG 4538

• ALE

- STANAG 4538

• Subnetwork

- STANAG 5066

• HF Clients

- STANAG 5066 /other (e.g., STANAG 4406E T-MMHS) 18 November, 2003

HF House: STANAG STATUS STANAG 5066 STANAG 4539 STANAG 4538 STANAG 4444 STANAG 4415 STANAG 4203 MIL-STD-188-110A/B MIL-STD-188-141A

Slide 11

Profile for HF Radio D t C Data Communications i ti HF Waveforms (PSK, QPSK, QAM) Automated Radio Control System (ARCS) HF EPM Waveform (FHPSK/FH-QPSK) Robust HF Waveform HF Radio Standards (~ 3 kHz, ~1.4 kHz ) HF Waveforms (PSK/QPSK/QAM) (2-G) Automatic Link Establishment

Ratified, promulgated Ratified Ratified Ratified Ratified new draft Ed. 3 pending ratification incorporated into STANAG 4539 (3 kHz BW only) incorporated into STANAG 4538 (legacy ALE mode)

18 November, 2003

HF House: Future Additions? (caution/warning! My subjective views …)

• Wide interest in pushing to higher data rates • channel combining for STANAG 4539: – probable adoption of MIL-STD-188-110B 6 kHz ISB mode – channel combining for non-contiguous channels – industry demonstrators running at: • 19.2 kb/s (2-channel), 28.8 kb/s (3-channel), ), … 57.6 kb/s ((6-channel), ), 38.4 kb/s ((4-channel), • rates as high as 128 kb/s (8-channel, 256 QAM) for surface wave ... – wide interest in the maritime community • stable ground-wave modes provide non-contiguous channels with similar performance – primary impediments are frequency-management related, not the technology

• higher data rates for STANAG 4539 TDMA mode (Annex D) – incorporation of QAM modes from non-TDMA modes (Annex C)

• higher data rates for STANAG 4538 HDL modes – incorporation of QAM modes from STANAG 4539 Annex C

• IP-over-HF support • inclusion of HF BLOS and ELOS nets in the wireless wide-area network • encapsulation standards in proposed in STANAG 5066 Annex F Ed1A1 • inherently supported by STANAG 4538’s interface requirements Slide 12

18 November, 2003

Summary/Conclusion • The HF House Concept: • provides an ‘iconic’ summary of the current suite of NATO standards pertaining to HF radio communications • has served to organize and focus HF Comm requirements by: – EPM / non-EPM environments – functional area (e.g., ALE / ALM, ARQ) – legacy, emerging, and future standards

• provides a road-map road map for development • allows users to match their requirements to the available/planned technologies

Slide 13

3G, ARCS


KEY

ALM ARQ

S4444

ACS ALE

EPM LSU S4538

S50666

2G ARQ

Burst waveeforms

Physical Layer

2G ALE

8F FSK

Network Layer y Link Layer


MS141 (appx A)


EPM waveforms f

2G: second generation 3G: third generation Snnnn: STANAG MSnnn: Mil-Std

18 November, 2003

NATO Deployed CIS Architecure • Cluster Principle for Deployed Forces • Modular Specialization • Office Modules • staff offices / client workstations • Information Services Modules • servers / network administration • Communication Modules • external / internal communications nexus • Network Extension Modules • expansion / extension capabilities

CLUSTER PRINCIPLE OM NEM

80-100 staff

OM

NATO/Com mercial sate llite

Cluster #4 OM

ISM

COM

OM

80-100 staff ISM

HF

HF

OM

OM

OM

NEM

Cluster #3

COM OM

NATO satellite

NEM

OM

80-100 staff

OM

NEM

OM

80-100 staff

CJTF HQ 80-100 staff ISM

OM

80-100 staff

NEM OM

COM

Cluster #1 NEM

HF

HF

80-100 staff

OM

OM OM

OM

OM

COM ISM

NEM

Cluster #2 NEM

OM

OM

80-100 staff

NEM

80-100 staff

NEM OM

80-100 staff

• For strategic deployed command HQs • tactical communicators not addressed • will use nationally provided systems systems, e.g., BOWMAN, TACOMS2000 systems Slide 14

18 November, 2003

HF Module Addition to the DeployableCommunication Module Architecture HF Subnetwork Domain Office Module

HF Module (HFM): Radio only

COM

User/Client Domain

inclusion of HF systems in the

radio control

DCM

modem control

• remote the high-power-transmitter

Z Bulk WAN/LAN

User Workstations

HF Subnetwork Processor

• Proposed architecture for

4285/4539 PSK Modem

HFTx/Rcv

Antenna

• Backup to SATCOM

Red/Black Interface (within COM)

• BLOS while mobile

Client host (e.g., Mail Transfer Agent)

HF IP/PPP Client 5066

and receive assets only.

remote radio control may not be feasible in this configuration because of security accreditation

• HF Module is programmed under the Capability Package for Deployed Communications

Client/Subnetwork Interface (socket-based via RED LAN)

Co-location of controller,, crypto, and modem Slide 15

CP-0149

Remote-audio to HF Module ((direct,, or via fibre-optic, ISDN, or network interface) 18 November, 2003

NATO Airborne HF • NATO Airborne Early Warning Aircraft ((NAEW)) requirements q for BLOS GroundAir-Ground COMMS • 75 baud HF RATT systems initially • On On-station station updates of the ATO required

• Early prototype systems based on FEDSTD-1052 / Harris Mail Terminal KEFLAVIK ELMENDORF CROUGHTON

OFFUTT WEST COAST

HAWAII

ANDREWS

SIGONELLA

• NATO Evolutionary Requirement

LAJES

YOKOTA

• Compatibility with US SCOPE

PUERTO RICO GUAM ASCENSION

DIEGO GARCIA

Command Global HF System: – STANAG 5066 + MIL-STD-188-141A

SOUTH ATLANTIC

Slide 16

– voice, data, IP-over-HF, web-services

18 November, 2003

NATO Maritime Communications Architecture NATO General-Purpose-Segment Communication System (NGCS)

CLASSIFIED

National In-Port Network(s)

Theatre Injection Site(s)

NUNI

NATO PiersideSIPref Interface Module(s) CLASS

Shipboard Interface Module

High-Speed Broadcast Satellite

EHF SATCOM

SHF SATCOM

UAR

Z NICE

ip - HF Sh BRASS

HSB Sys.

UHF/SHF/EHF Modem(s)

UHF/SHF/EHF SATCOM

Z SAR IP/PPP

Bulk CLASS

HF IP/PPP Client 5066 MPS / Server

HMTP/ HFSS-ARQ CFTP/ (S'5066 E1) 4406-E ACP-127

VTC (H.323)

ACP 127 ACP-127

ELOS/LOS Net Proc. (S'5066 Ed. 2, other)

HF Tx UNCLASS

Z Bulk/IP 4285/4539 PSK Z Bulk Z(R)

4285/4539 PSK

Bulk

/MA MO TAS

h cast, S Broad

HSB/SHF / UHF / EHF SATCOM HF Rcv

HF Rcv 4538 ARC

4285/4539PSK Z Bulk HF/VHF/UHF HF/VHF/UHF Radio(s) Modem(s)

MARAIR S- HF BRAS

HF Tx/Rx 4538 ARC

HF Tx/Rx 4538 ARC

OM TC SA

HF-Bro

ELOS/LOS Systems

Z(T/R)

Z

Bulk

Bulk

Bulk

Z CLASS UNCLASS Bulk

5030 MSK

4285/ 4539 PSK

4285/ 4539 PSK

HFSS-ARQ Black Switch / 4285/4539 4285/4539 PSK PSK interface

OTAM adcast

ip/Sho

HF

Br

o

s ca ad

SU B V

NUNI S2ref

(AD)PCM / ISDN

NUNI PIPref

SNMP/IP/ PPP/ISDN

RSCS LAN

4203

M S, t,S

RL

HF Tx

HF Tx 4538 ARC

4203

HF Tx UNCLASS

RSCS LAN

NGCS

(AD)PCM / UNCLASSIFIED ISDN SNMP/IP/ PPP/ISDN

SUB VLF Tx Site

AST OADC LF B R

Br oa

VLF Tx

VLF Tx

VLF Tx UNCLASS

st ,B

LO S

Ba ck

VLF Rx up

Li

(AD)PCM / ISDN SNMP/IP/ PPP/ISDN

RCS LAN

SUB VLF Rx (OTAM)

SUB VLF OTAM dc a

NATO Amphibious Force

nk

UNCLASS

RCS LAN

(AD)PCM / ISDN SNMP/IP/ PPP/ISDN

Deployed Land Force

s

UHF/SHF/ EHF/HSB SATCOM

ISM DCM

NATO Expanded Task Force (NETF) ELOS/LOS IP Subnetwork Relay

RSCS

RSCS LAN

BRASS HF Tx Site

HSB/SHF / UHF / EHF SATCOM

ELOS/LOS Systems

Slide 17 NC3A-CISD-ACT-DGK-030506

4203

UNCLASS

Maritime Platform (Afloat or Pier-side) HSB/SHF / UHF / EHF SATCOM ; BLOS/BRASS HF BROADCAST, MRL, SS

HF Rcv 4538 ARC

L

HF

SUBFOR

4203

HF Rcv

re, MR

BME/PABX SNMP/IP

BRASS HF Rcv Site HF Rcv

O TEL

HF IP/PPP BRASS/ Client 5066 ACMS, BCS OPERATOR

Z(T/R)

BRASS Sites: ACMS, HF BCS & RSCS RSCS; VLF

,

Platform LA AN

Integrated DVB Receiver/ Decoder

UNCLASS

UHF SATCOM

, MRL, /Shore

HFSS-ARQ S'5066 Ed. 1

VLF HF HF (BCAST, (BDCST, OTAM) OTAM) SS/MRL

SGTs UHF/SHF/EHF UAR Modems

HF

BRASS End Sys.

HSB Transmitter

NATO SATCOM Post 2000

fibre-optic umblical

Z Bulk

DVB-S Modulator

UNCLASS

MCCIS

MMHS End Sys. (4406)

CLASS UNCLASS

UAR

and Ship Ship-Shore Shore System

HSB Sys. UAR

IP/MPEG Encapsulator

PIPref

ACP-127 HMTP/CFTP/ 4406-E

NICE Z

L

NATO Maritime HQs (Ashore): e.g. CJTF, MCC, SUBOPAUTH/BCA

SAR

NUNI

SIPref

ACMS Site LAN MPS Server, Broadcast Compliler HF IP/PPP Client 5066

NATO Broadcast, MRL, HSB

MCCIS

nationaldomain(s)

NATO SGT Sites

NUNI

PIP f PIPref

CLASS

re

MMHS MPS/HSB End Sys. Server CLASS (4406)

NICE Z

CLASS UNCLASS

NUNI

Site LAN

Site LAN VTC (H.323)

National Defense Network(s)

SIPref

ISDN/ PCM/ Audio

Site LAN

NUNI

SIP f SIPref

ISDN/ PCM/ Audio

NUNI

ISDN N/ PCM M/ Audiio

SIPref

M R

UNCLASSIFIED NUNI

PIPref

CLASSIFIED

only a single instance of each site is shown.... multiple instances are supported as needed to meet operational architecture

Sh ip /S ho

NICE SIPref Z NUNI NUNI PIPref

ISDN/ PCM/ Audio

NUNI

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network 18 November, 2003

Current HF Maritime Access Component NATO General-Purpose-Segment Communication System (NGCS)

CLASS


Rcv’d: {ACP127}

CLASS UNCLASS

VTC (H.323)

HSB Theatre Injection IP/MPEG Encapsulator Site

MPS/HSB Server CLASS

MPS Server

NATO SGT Site

national domain(s)

SGTs

• Broadcast and Ship-Shore p Stations NATO SATCOM • interface TARE and AIFS Postto 2000

NATO Pierside Interface Module

EHF SATCOM

BDCST/ SHIP-SHORE

UHF/SHF/EHF Modems

CLASS UNCLASS

4285/4539 PSK

5030 MSK

Z NICE

Bulk

AR IP/PPP HF IP/PPP Client 5066

Z Bulk 4285/4539 HFSS-ARQ PSK HMTP/ (S'5066 CFTP/ Ed.1) 4406-E CLASS UNCLASS ACP-127 ACP-127

ACP-127

Z Bulk

ELOS/LOS Net Proc. (S'5066 Ed. x, other)

HF Tx/Rx 4538 ARC

4285/4539 PSK

HF Rcv

Z Bulk

DCAST F BROA SUB VL

SUBFOR 4285/4539PSK

RSCS

4285/4539 PSK

SNMP/IP

Messaging only. BME

RSCS LAN ISDN

HF Rcv 4538 ARC 4203

HF Rcv

RSCS LAN

UNCLASS

ADPCM / ISDN SNMP/IP/ PPP/ISDN

BRASS HF Tx Site 4203 HF Tx

HF Tx 4538 ARC

HF Tx UNCLASS

4203

RSCS LAN

NGCS ADPCM / ISDN SNMP/IP/ PPP/ISDN

SUB VLF Tx Site VLF Tx

VLF Tx

VLF Tx UNCLASS

RCS LAN


HF Rcv 4538 ARC

ELOS/LOS HF/VHF/UHF HF/VHF/UHF Systems Modem(s) Radio(s)

Maritime Platform (Afloat or Pier-side) Slide NC3A-CISD-ACT-DGK-011201 18

HF Tx/Rx 4538 ARC

Z(R) Bulk

VTC (H.323) (H 323)

HF Rcv

RL ore, M ip/Sh st, Sh a c d roa HF B L R M RL , M re S, o S , h t /S as ip dc oa Sh r B F H HF

F H /E F M H O /S TC SB A H S

MPS Server

Black Switch / Mux

4203

MARAIR UHF/SHF/EHF UHF/SHF/EHF HF Tx SATCOM Modem(s)

Bulk

BRASS HF Rcv Site

O/ SM O TA TEL MA

Z

Z

• Currently,

ACMS / FIP / RSCS

RL re, M /Sho Ship

HSB Sys. Integrated DVB Receiver/ Decoder

IP/PPP

MCCIS

Platfo orm LAN

Z(T) Bulk

No attachments

UHF SATCOM

CLASS

BRASS End Sys.

Z(T)

BRASS/ ACMS OPERATOR


VLF

Bulk

SHF SATCOM

HF


HMTP/CFTP/ 4406-E

HSB Sys.


Z NICE

HF IP/PPP Client 5066 ACP-127

AR

CLASS Modulator Z • AIFS GWDVB-S to ACP-127, translating: UNCLASS Bulk • SMTP, HSB ACP12x, etc. Transmitter

NATO Maritime HQ (Ashore)

ACMS Site LAN

Site LAN NICE Z

ISDN/ ADPCM/ Audio

National In-Port Network

MCCIS

Site LAN

ISDN/ ADPCM/ Audio

Site LAN

ISDN/ ADPCM/ Audio

NICE Z

National Defense Network

CLASS

Sent: {{SMTP,, ACP127}}

ELOS/LOS IP Subnetwork Relay

• BRASS modems currently specified using S’4285 NATO Expanded Force (NETF) to 2.4Task kbps 18 November, 2003

BRASS Capability in 2004 Reitan Other Domains:

Noordwick

Mill Cove (CA) Norfolk (US) ??

Jaatta Zeebrugge Aarhus GluecksburgGdynia

Northwood

Madrid

Azores (PO)

Paris

NGCS

O i Oeiras Lisbon Cadiz Rome

Ankara

Naples Athens

Slide 19

18 November, 2003

BRASS Capability in 2005 Reitan Other Domains: Norfolk (USA) ??

Noordwick

Mill Cove (CA)

Jaatta Zeebrugge Aarhus

NGCS

Gluecksburg Gdynia

Northwood

Madrid

Azores (PO)

Paris

NGCS

Lisbon Cadiz Rome

Ankara

Naples Athens

Slide 20

18 November, 2003

BRASS Capability in 2006/7… Reitan Other Domains: Norfolk (USA) ??

Noordwick

Mill Cove (CA)

Jaatta Zeebrugge Aarhus Gluecksburg Gdynia

Northwood Paris Madrid

Azores (PO)

NGCS

Lisbon Cadiz Rome

Ankara

Naples Athens

Slide 21

18 November, 2003

HF Maritime Access Component - BRASS ICC NATO General-Purpose-Segment Communication System (NGCS) Sent: {X.400, SMTP, ACP127}

NICE Z

ACMS Site LAN

Site LAN NICE Z

Rcv’d: { SMTP, ACP127}

National Defense Network National In-Port Network

MCCIS

CLASS UNCLASS

VTC (H.323)


NATO SGT HSB Theatre Site •Injection ACMS -IP/MPEG GWEncapsulator to ACP-127, Site


national domain(s)

SGTs

EHF SATCOM

UHF SATCOM HF

BRASS End Sys.

Platfo orm LAN

MPS Server

Z Bulk

4285/4539 PSK

HFSS-ARQ HMTP/ (S'5066 CFTP/ Ed.1) 4406-E CLASS UNCLASS ACP-127 ACP-127

ACP-127

Z Bulk

VTC (H.323) (H 323) ELOS/LOS Net Proc. (S'5066 Ed. x, other)

HF Tx/Rx 4538 ARC

4285/4539 PSK

HF Rcv

Z Bulk

Z Bulk

4285/4539 PSK

5030 MSK

Black Switch / Mux

RSCS

4285/4539 PSK

SNMP/IP

BME

ACMS / FIP / RSCS

RSCS LAN

4203 HF Rcv

DCAST F BROA SUB VL

SUBFOR 4285/4539PSK

ISDN

HF Rcv 4538 ARC 4203

HF Rcv

RSCS LAN

UNCLASS


NGCS • Messaging only.

BRASS HF Tx Site 4203

HF Tx

HF Tx 4538 ARC

HF Tx UNCLASS

ADPCM / ISDN

• Attachments 4203

RSCS LAN

SNMP/IP/ PPP/ISDN

when using S’5066 SUB VLF Tx Site VLF Tx

ADPCM / ISDN

ARQ modes

VLF Tx

VLF Tx UNCLASS

RCS LAN

SNMP/IP/ PPP/ISDN

HF Rcv 4538 ARC


Maritime Platform (Afloat or Pier-side) Slide NC3A-CISD-ACT-DGK-011201 22

HF Tx/Rx 4538 ARC

Z(R) Bulk

CLASS UNCLASS


BRASS HF Rcv Site




IP/PPP

HF IP/PPP Client 5066

Z(T) Bulk

MARAIR

UHF/SHF/EHF UHF/SHF/EHF HF Tx SATCOM Modem(s)

Bulk

AR

Z(T)

RL re, M /Sho Ship O/ SM O TA TEL MA

Z


VLF

Bulk

SHF SATCOM


IP/PPP

MCCIS

BDCST/ SHIP-SHORE

UHF/SHF/EHF Modems

CLASS

Z NICE

HMTP/CFTP/ 4406-E

HSB Transmitter

HSB Sys.


Z NICE


AR

CLASS translating: DVB-S Modulator Z UNCLASS Bulk • X.400, SMTP, ACP12x, etc.


• Broadcast and Ship-Shore (BRASS) System • Automated NATO Control and Pierside NATO SATCOM Interface Management System Post 2000 Module • Remote Control and Supervisory System • Adds STANAG 5066 • ARQ & multicast protocols (Annex A-D bearer requirements) • HMTP/CFTP mail w/ attachments (Annex F informal messaging)

MPS Server

ISDN/ ADPCM/ Audio

Site LAN

ISDN/ ADPCM/ Audio

Site LAN

CLASS

ISDN/ ADPCM/ Audio

CLASS


• BRASS modems currently specified using S’4285 NATO Expanded Force (NETF) to 2.4Task kbps 18 November, 2003

Enhanced HF Maritime Access Component NATO Sent: General-Purpose-Segment Communication System (NGCS) {IP, X.400, SMTP, ACP127}

NICE Z

ACMS Site LAN

Site LAN NICE Z

Rcv’d: CLASS {IP, X.400, SMTP, ACP127} National Defense Network National In-Port Network

MCCIS

VTC (H.323)



•


UNCLASS

HSB Theatre Injection IP/MPEG Encapsulator Site w/ IP enhancements DVB-S Modulator


CLASS

• HF- EMAC C (BRASS ( SS , plus): p us) NATO SATCOM • high-speed Post 2000to 9.6 kbps • S’4406-E &/or ESMTP • IP-over-HF • ALE/ALM EHF SATCOM

Z NICE IP/PPP

MCCIS

HF

MPS Server

UHF/SHF/EHF UHF/SHF/EHF HF Tx SATCOM Modem(s)

Z Bulk 4285/4539 HFSS-ARQ PSK HMTP/ (S'5066 CFTP/ Ed.1) 4406-E CLASS UNCLASS

ACP-127

Z Bulk

HF Tx/Rx 4538 ARC

HF Tx/Rx 4538 ARC

4285/4539 PSK

HF Rcv

Z Bulk

4285/4539PSK

Z Bulk


(Afloat or Pier-side)

Black Switch / Mux

SNMP/IP

BME

HF Rcv 4538 ARC

4203

HF Rcv

RSCS LAN

UNCLASS

4203 HF Tx

HF Tx 4538 ARC

HF Tx UNCLASS

4203

RSCS LAN

RSCS LAN ISDN

ADPCM / ISDN

SNMP/IP/ PPP/ISDN

BRASS HF Tx Site

DCAST F BROA SUB VL

RSCS

4285/4539 PSK

Advanced g g ACMS / FIP / Messaging RSCS (S’4406-E / BRASS HF Rcv Site ESMTP) w/ attachments 5030 MSK

NGCS ADPCM / ISDN SNMP/IP/ PPP/ISDN

SUB VLF Tx Site VLF Tx

VLF Tx

VLF Tx UNCLASS

RCS LAN


HF Rcv 4538 ARC

• STANAG 4539ELOS/LOS - ‘High-Speed’ HF circuits to 9.6 kbps Net Proc. (S'5066 Ed. x, other) • BRASS currently specified S’4285 to 2.4 kbps Maritimeusing Platform Slide NC3A-CISD-ACT-DGK-011201 23

CLASS UNCLASS

HF Rcv


SUBFOR

Z(R) Bulk

VTC (H.323) (H 323)

Z(T) Bulk

MARAIR

Z

ACP-127 ACP-127

Z(T)

4203

O/ SM O TA TEL MA

IP/PPP HF IP/PPP Client 5066

RL re, M /Sho Ship


Platfo orm LAN

UHF SATCOM



VLF

Bulk 4285/4539 PSK

UHF/SHF/EHF Modems


Bulk

AR

BRASS End Sys.

Z

SHF SATCOM

Z NICE


HMTP/CFTP/ 4406-E BDCST/ SHIP-SHORE

CLASS

SGTs


AR

UNCLASS • IP-over-HF ship/shore circuits Bulk HSB Transmitter HSB Sys. using STANAG 5066

national domain(s)

NATO Pierside Interface Module

NATO SGT Site

MPS Server

ISDN/ ADPCM/ Audio

Site LAN

ISDN/ ADPCM/ Audio

Site LAN

CLASS

ISDN/ ADPCM/ Audio

CLASS


NATO Expanded Task Force (NETF) 18 November, 2003

Summary • NATO currently uses HF: • for maritime broadcast and ship-shore (ACP-127 text messaging only) • HF e-mail il + ARQ (FED-STD-1052+) (FED STD 1052+) and d STANAG 4285/4539 to t NAEW aircraft (selective usage) • land forces voice co-ordination circuits, RATT • NATO Plans to use HF: • maritime forces –for IP-over-HF operation –MMHS and informal e-mail –web-access b and d data-base d t b replication li ti –adoption of ACP200 / inclusion in BRASS Enhancement Increments

• airforces (via requirements for SCOPE Command Interoperability) –HF e-mail + ARQ + ALE ((STANAG 5066 + MIL-STD-188-141A)) –web/database access

• land forces –IP-over-HF operation –on-the-move on the move BLOS and backup links to DCMs –tactical forces (via BOWMAN and TACOMS 2000 efforts) Slide 24

18 November, 2003

Summary/Conclusion • The HF House Concept: • provides an ‘iconic’ summary of the current suite of NATO standards pertaining to HF radio communications • has served to organize and focus HF Comm requirements by: – EPM / non-EPM environments – functional area (e.g., ALE / ALM, ARQ) – legacy, emerging, and future standards

• provides a road-map road map for development • allows users to match their requirements to the available/planned technologies

Slide 25

3G, ARCS


KEY

ALM ARQ

S4444

ACS ALE

EPM LSU S4538

S50666

2G ARQ

Burst waveeforms

Physical Layer

2G ALE

8F FSK

Network Layer y Link Layer


MS141 (appx A)


EPM waveforms f

2G: second generation 3G: third generation Snnnn: STANAG MSnnn: Mil-Std

18 November, 2003

Growth / Renovation Issues and Challenges • Operational Requirements • ‘must-go-faster’

‘if you build it they will come’

• net-centric / plug & play

because we’re all getting wired …

• automated / ease of use

and none of use can program our clocks or phones

• Civil-Market Forces • Power Line Communications

‘ a little less noise out there !’

• Digital Radio Mondiale

I’ve gotta get me some of that! (bandwidth!!)

• Frequency Management Challenges

Well, why can’t I? THEY can!!

• Technical Capabilities / Constraints • ‘yeah, we can do that … ’

Manage expectations/ reduce disruptions

• ‘but you’ll have to … {change, give up , add} Slide 26

18 November, 2003

BLOSCOMMS AHWG Extracts from Decision Sheet of June 2004 • BLOSCOMMS AHWG p plans to provide p a draft HF Handbook by 4Q2004; • HF channel banding techniques are needed to supportt hi higher h bit rates t (upto ( t 64 Kbps); Kb ) • the AHWG/1 is prepared to include IPv6 functionality into the HF STANAGs; • improvements of VLF MSK Broadcast (STANAG 5030) HF Broadcast (STANAG 4481) based on the Digital Radio Mondiale project are being considered • Future HF Policy Workshop scheduled w/ next BLOSCOMMS AHWG Meeting Slide 27

18 November, 2003

An Overview of the “HF House” Suite of STANAGs – Backup Slides

Donald G. Kallgren Communication and Information Systems Division – Applied CIS Technology Branch voice: 31 70 374 3442 fax: 31 70 374 3049 D [email protected] ld K ll @ 3 t i t 28

NATO UNCLASSIFIED

Nato HF Modem Perspective

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