LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM BIOKIMIA Mekanisme Kerja Enzim Schardinger
KELAS C KELOMPOK 1
NAMA ANGGOTA ANGGOTA : 1. 2. 3. 4. &.
Aulia Tamara Chicy Anita H Gita Annia !a"ilah #i$%y Ha""i !. 'liah ulianti
(201410410311134) (201310410311078) (201410410311107) (201410410311022) (2013104103111**)
PRORAM STU!I "ARMASI "AKULTAS ILMU KESE#ATAN UNI$ERSITAS MU#AMMA!I%A# MALAN &'1( I)
TU*UAN M+n,+tahui %+r-a +n$im char"in,+r a"a /+r/a,ai %n"ii
II)
PRINSIP REAKSI BIOKIMIA
n$im char"in,+r +r"iri "ari "ua -+ni yaitu anthin i"a+ "an anthin+ "+hy"r,+na+. +"uanya "aat m+n,alami int+r%n+ri atu ama lain +hin,,a "aat /+ru/ah "ari -+ni atu %+ yan, lainnya. 5i "alam anthin+ %i"a+ m+n,%atalii %i"ai hyanthin m+n-a"i anthin "an %i"ai
anthin
m+n-a"i
aam
urat.
6anthin
"+hy"r,+na+
-u,a
m+n,%atalii "+hy"r,+na+ al"+hi"a. Hy"r,+n yan, l+a "itan,%a l+h uatu a%+tr. 5alam ra%ti%um ini M+thyl+n+ lu+ /+rtu,a m+n-a"i a%+tr hy"r,+n.
III)
TEORI UMUM
uu "ari aal %atanya a"alah cairan yan, ta% t+m/u cahaya yan, "ihail%an l+h %+l+n-ar uu "an t+r"iri ata air9 rt+in uu (%a+in)9 l+ma%9 %ar/hi"rat (la%ta) "an /+/+raa $at lain. uu +muli l+ma% "alam air "+n,an %a+in +/a,ai $at +n,+muli+mul,atr (;+hnin,+r9 1**&). uu m+rua%an /ahan /a%u "ari +mua r"u% yan, m+n,an"un, uu. uu +/a,ian /+ar "i,una%an +/a,ai uatu r"u% an,an.
an yan, m+nyuui -u,a untu% manuia9 "imana uu m+rua%an atu= atunya
um/+r
ma%anan
+m/+ri
%+hi"uan
+,+ra +u"ah
lahir
(;+hnin,+r9 1**&). uu +,ar a"alah uu hail +m+rahan yan, ti"a% "i%uran,i atau "itam/ah%an /ahan aaun "ari +m+rahan uu ai yan, +hat. rit+ria untu% air uu ai yan, /ai% +ti"a%=ti"a%nya m+m+nuhi hal=hal /+ri%ut ini : (i) /+/a "ari /a%t+ri at,+n9 (ii) /+/a "ari $at=$at /+r/ahaya atauun t%in ++rti in+%tii"a9 (iii) ti"a% t+r+mar l+h "+/u "an %tran9 (i) $at ,i$i ti"a% m+nyiman, "ari c"+ air uu9 "an () m+mili%i cita raa nrmal (#+na>ati9 2010).
uu m+rua%an /ahan an,an yan, /+rnilai ,i$i tin,,i yan, "i%+nal +/a,ai /ahan yan, ti"a% tahan lama "an mu"ah rua% ( perishable food )9 hal ini "i+/a/%an %ar+na uu m+munyai %an"un,an air yan, tin,,i9 H yan, m+n"+%ati nrmal "an %an"un,an nutri+ntnya yan, tin,,i. !a%tr=a%tr ini m+rua%an
%+a"aan
yan,
cc%
untu%
+rtum/uhan
timum
mi%rr,anim+ (%a>ati9 200?). +r"aar%an "+inii uu +,ar9 "aat "inyata%an /ah>a uu +,ar a"alah uu murni9 +hat9 /ai% (ti"a% rua%)9 raa mani9 /au armati9 H m+n"+%ati n+tral9 "an -umlah %uman +"i%it (%a>ati9 200?). Air uu yan, nrmal atau +hat m+munyai iat=iat t+rt+ntu yan, "aat "ilihat "ari (A,rari9 1**3): 1. @arna @arna air uu yan, +hat a"alah utih %+%unin,=%+%unin,an "an ti"a% t+m/u cahaya. Air uu yan, /+r>arna a,a% m+rah atau /iru9 t+rlalu +nc+r ++rti air a"alah uu yan, ti"a% nrmal. @arna air uu yan, %+m+rah=m+rahan m+m/+ri "u,aan /ah>a air uu t+r+/ut /+raal "ari ai yan, m+n"+rita Matiti. @arna %+/iruan m+nun-u%%an /ah>a air uu t+lah "icamur air t+rlamau /anya%. +"an, uu yan, /+rl+n"ir9 /+r,umal9 m+nan"a%an /ah>a air uu t+r+/ut u"ah rua%. 2. au "an raa Air uu yan, maih +,ar "an murni m+mili%i /au yan, %ha. au yan, aam m+nun-u%%an /ah>a air uu u"ah /ai9 t+rlalu lama "iiman. Air uu yan, /+r/au /uu% m+nun-u%%an /ah>a air uu u"ah rua% ama +%ali. Air uu yan, maih +,ar "an murni raanya +na%9 +"i%it mani "an a,a% /+rl+ma%. Air uu yan, raanya ain9 atau mun,%in a,a% maam9 ahit9 m+nun-u%%an /ah>a uu itu u"ah mulai rua%. #aa ham/ar /+rarti air uu itu /anya% "icamuri air. 3. +rat -+ni +rat -+ni a"a air uu an,at "i+n,aruhi l+h: uunan air uu itu +n"iri
5alam hal ini yan, m+n+ntu%an ialah %a"ar /ahan %+rin,nya. +ma%in tin,,i %a"ar /ahan %+rin,nya ma%a a%an +ma%in tin,,i ula /+rat -+ninya "an "+mi%ian +/ali%nya. T+m+ratur
Air uu a%an m+n,+m/an, a"a uhu yan, +ma%in tin,,i9 +r atuan lum+ air uu un m+n,+m/an, ula m+n-a"i m+n-a"i rin,an. 5an +/ali%nya9 "+n,an +n"in,inan9 air uu a%an m+n-a"i a"at +hin,,a +r %+atuan lum+ a%an m+n-a"i l+/ih /+rat. Ol+h %ar+na itu9 "i n"n+ia /+rat -+ni air uu itu "it+ta%an a"a t+m+ratur 2& (uhu %amar). 5+ra-at %+aaman
uu yan, nrmal "+ra-at %+aamannya +%itar 4 B 79& H. uu yan, rua% "+ra-at %+aamannya a%an m+nin,%at. A"a 3 %mn+n "alam air uu yan, m+m+n,aruhi mutu uu "alam +n,lahan antara lain (+tia>ati "an #ahayu9 1**2): •
;+ma% uu ;+ma% uu m+munyai nilai ,i$i yan, tin,,i %ar+na -umlah %alri yan, "i%an"un,nya9 itamin=itamin "an aam=aam l+ma% ++nial. ;+ma% uu m+n+ntu%an raa9 /au "an t+%tur air uu.
•
;a%ta ;a%ta m+rua%an %ar/hi"rat yan, "i,una%an untu% +m/uatan /ahan ma%anan /ayi. +ny+raan la%ta "alam "in"in, uu "aat m+ran,an, +ny+raan %alium9 r "an min+ral lain yan, "i+/a/%an %ar+na %+nai%an "aya +ra (+rm+a/ilita) "in"in, +l.
•
rt+in mn+n rt+in uu antara %a+in9 la%t,l/in "an la%taal/umin yan, "ihail%an "ari r+ +"im+ntai. a,ulai rt+in uu yan, "i+/a/%an %ntaminai uu "+n,an /a%t+ri=/a%t+ri m+rua%an hal yan, ti"a% "i%+h+n"a%i %ar+na m+ny+/a/%an rua%nya air uu.
a+in uu "i,una%an unut% +m/uatan l+m9 in"utri cat yan, larut "alam air "an in"utri lati% M+nurut %a>ati (200?)9 m+nyata%an /ah>a +m+ri%aan %++,aran uu t+r"iri ata /+/+raa u-i +/a,ai /+ri%ut : 1. '-i +nri% atau u-i r,anl+ti%. 2. +ta/ilan rt+in. '-i "i"ih '-i alchl
3. '-i H. uu a"alah /ahan ma%anan yan, +murna %ar+na m+n,an"un, rt+in9 l+ma%9 %ar/hi"rat (la%ta)9 itamin "an ,aram anr,ani%. 5alam uu t+r"aat at /ai% +/a,ai rt+in9 mauun +/a,ai in at anr,ani%. ++,aran uu "aat "itan"ai "+n,an maih a%tinya +n$im= +n$im yan, t+r"aat "i"alamnya "iantaranya a%tinya +n$im amyla+9 lia+9 +r%i"a+9 %atala+ "an +/a,ainya (Tim 5+n i%imia9 2001). uu m+n,an"un, uatu +n$im yan, m+n,%atalii %i"ai macam= macam al"+hi" m+n-a"i aam. #+a%inya /+rlan,un, +cara ana+r/i% "an "aat "itun-u%%an /ila a"a a%+tr hi"r,+n yan, +uai ++rti : m+til+n /iru. arna /iru (/+ntu% %i"ai) m+n-a"i ta% /+r>arna (/+ntu% r+"u%i). #+a%i ini /iaanya "ila%u%an "alam ta/un, Thun/+r, (atn,9 "%%.9 2012). '-i M+thyl+n+ /lu+ "aat m+m/+ri%an ,am/aran +r%iraan -umlah /a%t+ri yan, t+r"aat "alam uu. a"a u-i ini a%an "itam/ah%an +-umlah $at yan, /iru %+ "alam uu9 %+mu"ian "iamati >a%tu yan, "i/utuh%an l+h /a%t+ri "alam uu t+r+/ut untu% m+la%u%an a%tiita
yan, "aat
m+n,a%i/at%an +ru/ahan >arna $at t+r+/ut. +ma%in tin,,i -umlah /a%t+ri "alam uu t+r+/ut9 +ma%in c+at t+r-a"inya +ru/ahan >arna $at t+r+/ut. '-i m+til+n /iru "i"aar%an a"a %+mamuan /a%t+ri "alam uu untu% tum/uh
"an
m+n,,una%an
%i,+n
t+rlarut9
+hin,,a
m+ny+/a/%an
+ru/ahan +nurunan %+,iatan %i"ai=r+"u%i "ari camuran t+r+/ut.
Ma%a a%i/atnya m+til+n /iru yan, "itam/ah%an a%an t+r+"u%i m+n-a"i utih m+til+n.
+lain
itu
/+%+r-a
ula
+n$im
yan,
"i+/ut Schardinger
enzyme (Girin"ra9 1**0). char"in,+r a"a tahun 1*02 m+n,amati /ah>a m+til+n /iru /+r%uran, rmal"+hi"a "i "alam uu +,ar. n$im yan, /+ran,%utan "alam %i"ai ini "an al"+hi"a lainnya "i%+nal +/a,ai D+n$im char"in,+rD (th9 1*3&). n$im char"in,+r m+rua%an +n$im yan, t+rmau% ,ln,an +n$im %i"a+ ini t+r"aat antara lain "i "alam uu ncu/at "i%+nal ula +/a,ai +n$im anthin+ %i"a+ %ar+na "aat m+n,%i"a+ anthin+. ncu/atr -u,a "aat m+n,%i"ai al"+hi". 5i "alam +rc/aan ini ncu/atr /lu+ "i,una%an +/a,ai +nan,%a hy"r,+n (Annim9 2012). I$)
PROSE!UR PRAKTIKUM A) A+a, i+t lum+tric Ta/un, r+a%i (3 /uah) t>atch G+la '%ur & ml B) Ragensia-Bahan uu yan, u"ah "imaa% • M+thyl+n+ lu+ rmal"+hi" • arain cair • uu M+ntah • $) SKEMA KER*A 1. ia%an 3 ta/un, r+a%i /+rih /+ri main,=main, tan"a 9 E9 "an #.
Q R "an E "+n,an 3 ml uu m+ntah. P ta/un, 2. i
3. i ta/un, # "+n,an uu yan, u"ah "imaa%. P
Q
4. Tam/ah%an 8 t+t+ m+thyl+n+ /lu+ rmal"+hi" (3& m, M "ilarut%an R
"alam 1*& ml air "an & ml rmal"+hi" 40F) %+"alam ti,a ta/un, "an %c%lah amai >arnanya rata.
&. Tam/ah%an 8 t+t+ arain cair %+"alam ta/un, . -an,an "i%c% P
Q
R
1
P %+ti,a ta/un, a"a uhu 37C +lama ?. n%u/ai
2
-am. Amatilah
+ru/ahan >arna yan, t+r-a"i "alam main,=main, ta/un,. $I)
PELAKSANAAN 1) ia%an ta/un, r+a%i 3 /uah9 %+mu"ian /+ri%an tan"a main,=main,
9E9 "an #. &) +"alam ta/un, "an E tam/ah%an main,=main, 3ml uu m+ntah9 +"an,%an %+"alam ta/un, # mau%%an 3 ml uu yan, u"ah "imaa%. .) Tam/ah%an 8 t+t+ m+thyl+n+ /lu+ rmal"+hi" (2& m+thyl+n+ /lu+ "ilarut%an "alam 1*& ml air "an & ml rmal"+hi" 40F) %+"alam %+ti,a ta/un, "an %c%lah amai >arnanya rata. /) Tam/ah%an 8 t+t+ arain cair %+"alam ta/un, . -an,an "i%c%. 1
0) n%u/ai %+ti,a ta/un, a"a 37C +lama
2
-am. Amatilah
+ru/ahan >arna yan, t+r-a"i "alam main,=main, ta/un,. $II)
#ASIL PENAMATAN 1. uu a"a ta/un, 9E9 "an # +/+lum "i/+ri M+thyl+n+ lu+
P
R
2. uu a"a Ta/un, 9 E9 "an # +t+lah "i/+ri M+thyl+n+ lu+
P
R
.) uu +t+lah "iin%u/ai +lama 1& m+nit
P
R
/) uu +t+lah "iin%u/ai +lama 30 m+nit
P
R
+luruh %+lm% m+la%u%an hal yan, ama a"a +mua ta/un, ma%a "ata yan, "ihail%an a"alah:
$III)
PEMBA#ASAN Ta/un, (uu ai 3ml I ?T+t+ M+thylan+ lu+ !rmal"+hi"+ I
arain cair). a"a ta/un, 9 arain cair a"a +m/+riannya /+run,i +/a,ai +n,halan, m+m/+nu% +lautlaian "iata +rmu%aan cairan a,ar O2 ti"a% "aat mau% "an m+n,%ntaminai r+a%i yan, t+r-a"i antara m+thylan+ /lu+ "an ,u,u hi"r,+n %arna r+a%i %i"ai ,u,u al"+hi"a /+rlan,un, +cara ana+r/ (ini /+rarti r+a%i /+r-alan tana m+n,,una%an /antuan %i,+n a"a a%tiainya). a"a +rla%uannya uu ai "itam/ah%an m+thylan+ /lu+ rmal"+hi" "ia>al lalu "i%c% hin,,a >arna yan, "i/+ri%an m+rata ma%a a%an /+r>arna /iru9 +t+lahnya "it+t+i l+h arain cair yan, mana ti"a% /l+h "i%c% %arna tu-uan arain cair yan, "i,una%an +/a,ai a,+n rt+%ti untu% r+a%i yan, /+r-alan9 +t+lah itu cairan lalu "iin%u/ai 30 m3nit a"a uhu 370C 9 +/+lum "imau%an %+"alam in%u/atr cairan /+r>arna /iru t+tai +t+lah "iin%u/ai cairan /+r>arna utih uu hal ini t+r-a"i %arna in Hi"r,+n yan, "ihail%an "ari %i"ai Al"+hi"+ t+r+/ut "aat +cara /ai% m+n,i%atm+n+mati r++tr=r++tr yan, +uai a"a m+thylan+ /lu+ +hin,,a m+ny+/a/%an +ru/ahan >arna t+r+/ut yan, m+nan"a%an /+rhailnya r+a%i tana t+r%ntaminai O2. Ta/un, E (uu ai 3mlI ? T+t+ M+thylan+ lu+ !rmal"+hi"+). a"a ta/un, E9 @arna larutan +/+lum "iin%u/ai yaitu /iru9 +t+lah "iin%u/ai "+n,an +rla%uan yan, ama "+n,an ta/un, t+tai tana m+n,,una%an arain cair9 hail yan, "i tun-u%an yaitu >arna utih "i /a,ian /a>ah t+tai m+mili%i /a,ian ata yan, /+r>arna %+/iruan ++rti larutan yan, t+riah. Hal ini "aat t+r-a"i %arna a"a /a,ian ata +rmu%aan larutan ti"a% a"a +n,halan, %i,+n untu% mau% -a"i yan, a>alnya ra%i +harunya /+r-alan ana+r/ yaitu tana /antuan %i,+n
m+n-a"i
t+r%ntaminai
l+h
%i,+n
+hin,,a
/a,ian
yan,
t+r%ntaminai t+r+/ut r++tr a"a M+thylan+ /lu+ ti"a% "aat +cara +murna m+n,i%at in HI yan, a"a +hin,,a a"a /a,ian yan, maih /+r>arna %+/iruan. Ta/un, # (uu ai T+lah "imaa% 3mlI ? T+t+ M+thylan+ lu+ !rmal"+hi"+). a"a ta/un, #9 +/+lum "iin%u/ai larutan /+r>arna iru "an +t+lah "iin%u/ai "+n,an +rla%uan yan, ama t+tai uu ai t+lah "imaa% t+rl+/ih "ahulu ti"a% m+nun-u%an +ru/ahan >arna yan, "aat "ilihat9 >arna yan, "itun-u%an t+ta /iru. Hal ini m+nun-u%an m+thylan+ /lu+ ti"a% m+nan,%a a"anya in H I +hin,,a >arna larutan ti"a% /+ru/ah. Hal ini "i+/a/%an %arna +n$im char"in,+r ti"a% "aat m+n,%i"ai ,u,u al"+hi" +hin,,a ti"a% t+r/+ntu% in H I "i+/a/%an %arna uu ai yan, t+lah "iana%an "+n,an uhu yan, tin,,i ("iata ?0C) a%an rua%t+r"+naturai +hin,,a ti"a% m+mili%i un,i +/a,ai +n$im laya%nya. char"in,+r m+rua%an uatu rt+in "an alah atu a%tr yan, "aat m+m+n,aruhi ta/ilita rt+in a"alah uhu. I)
KESIMPULAN
n$im char"in,+r a"a uu "aat m+n,%atalii %i"ai rmal"+hi" "+n,an /+ru/ahnya >arna a"a larutan yan, "itam/ah M+thyl+n+ lu+ rmal"+hi" "ari /iru m+n-a"i utih "+na,n a"anya /antuan arain cair yan, m+nahan mau%nya u"ara "ari luar mau% %+"alam ta/un,. +manaan yan, tin,,i "aat m+rua% +n$im yan, t+r"aat "alam uu +hin,,a ti"a% "aat /+%+r-a +cara timum. n$im char"in,+r /+%+r-a +cara ana+r/.
!A"TAR PUSTAKA
;+hnin,+r9 A.H.9 1**&. Dasar-dasar Biokimia. ati9 Hati. 2010. “Kualitas Susu Pada Berbagai Pengolahan Dan Penyimpanan” (
