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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
SECT SE CTIO ION N ONE: ONE:
LIST LISTEN ENIN ING G
LISTENING LISTENING DIAGNOST DIAGNOSTIC IC PRE-TEST PRE-TEST (Paper) (Paper)
3
LISTENING LISTENING DIAGNOST DIAGNOSTIC IC PRE-TEST PRE-TEST (Compu (Computer) ter)
9
LISTENING LISTENING INTRODUCTI INTRODUCTION ON
21
SHORT SHORT DIALOG DIALOGUES UES (Paper (Paper and Comput Computer) er)
24
SKILL TOEFL SKILL TOEFL TOEFL SKILL TOEFL TOEFL SKILL TOEFL TOEFL SKILL SKILL TOEFL TOEFL SKILL TOEFL TOEFL
1: Restatements EXERCISE 1 2: Negatives EXERCISE 2 REVIEW EXERCISE 3: Suggestions EXERCISE 3 REVIEW EXERCISE 4: Passives EXERCISE 4 REVIEW EXERCISE 5: IV lID and Where EXERCISE 5 REVIEW EXERCISE 6: Agreement EXERCISE 6 REVIEW EXERCISE
(Skills 1-2)
(Skills 1-3)
(Skills 1-4)
28 30 31 32 33 33 35 35 36 38 39 39
(Skills 1-5)
(Skills 1-6)
41 42 43 44 45
LONG LO NG CONVER CONVERSAT SATION IONS S (Paper (Paper))
46
SKILL 7: The Questions SKILL 8: The Topic SKILL 9: The Order of the Answers TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 7-9)
48 50 51 53
LONG TALKS TALKS (Paper) (Paper) SKILL 10: The Questions SKILL 1 I: The Topic SKILL 12: The Order of the Answers TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 10-12)
CASUAL CASUAL CONVERS CONVERSATIO ATIONS NS (Computer) (Computer) SKILL 13:
Casual Conversations
54
56 58 59 61 62 64
ACADEMIC ACADEMIC DISCUSSIO DISCUSSIONS NS (Computer) (Computer)
67
. SKILL 14: Organization SKILL 15: Direct and Indirect Details SKILL 16: Visualization TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 14-16)
74 79 82 87
Ii i
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
SECT SE CTIO ION N ONE: ONE:
LIST LISTEN ENIN ING G
LISTENING LISTENING DIAGNOST DIAGNOSTIC IC PRE-TEST PRE-TEST (Paper) (Paper)
3
LISTENING LISTENING DIAGNOST DIAGNOSTIC IC PRE-TEST PRE-TEST (Compu (Computer) ter)
9
LISTENING LISTENING INTRODUCTI INTRODUCTION ON
21
SHORT SHORT DIALOG DIALOGUES UES (Paper (Paper and Comput Computer) er)
24
SKILL TOEFL SKILL TOEFL TOEFL SKILL TOEFL TOEFL SKILL TOEFL TOEFL SKILL SKILL TOEFL TOEFL SKILL TOEFL TOEFL
1: Restatements EXERCISE 1 2: Negatives EXERCISE 2 REVIEW EXERCISE 3: Suggestions EXERCISE 3 REVIEW EXERCISE 4: Passives EXERCISE 4 REVIEW EXERCISE 5: IV lID and Where EXERCISE 5 REVIEW EXERCISE 6: Agreement EXERCISE 6 REVIEW EXERCISE
(Skills 1-2)
(Skills 1-3)
(Skills 1-4)
28 30 31 32 33 33 35 35 36 38 39 39
(Skills 1-5)
(Skills 1-6)
41 42 43 44 45
LONG LO NG CONVER CONVERSAT SATION IONS S (Paper (Paper))
46
SKILL 7: The Questions SKILL 8: The Topic SKILL 9: The Order of the Answers TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 7-9)
48 50 51 53
LONG TALKS TALKS (Paper) (Paper) SKILL 10: The Questions SKILL 1 I: The Topic SKILL 12: The Order of the Answers TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 10-12)
CASUAL CASUAL CONVERS CONVERSATIO ATIONS NS (Computer) (Computer) SKILL 13:
Casual Conversations
54
56 58 59 61 62 64
ACADEMIC ACADEMIC DISCUSSIO DISCUSSIONS NS (Computer) (Computer)
67
. SKILL 14: Organization SKILL 15: Direct and Indirect Details SKILL 16: Visualization TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 14-16)
74 79 82 87
Ii i
iv
CONTENTS
ACADEMIC ACADEMIC LECTURES (Computer) (Computer) SKILL 17:
Organization
SKILL 18: Direct and Indirect Details SKILL 19: Visualization TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 17-19)
93 100 105 109 II 7
USTENI USTENING NG POST-T POST-TEST EST (Pape (Paper) r)
119
USTENI USTENING NG POST-T POST-TEST EST (Compute (Computer) r)
126 126
SECT SE CTIO ION N TWO: TWO:
STRUC ST RUCTU TURE RE
STRUCT STRUCTURE URE DIAGNO DIAGNOSTI STIC C PRE-TE PRE-TEST ST (Paper) (Paper)
141 141
STRUCT STRUCTURE URE DIAGNO DIAGNOSTI STIC C PRE-TE PRE-TEST ST (Compu (Computer) ter)
148 148
STRUCTURE STRUCTURE INTRODUCTIO INTRODUCTION N
151 151
THE STRUC STRUCTUR TURE E QUESTI QUESTIONS ONS (Paper (Paper and Compu Computer) ter)
154 154
SKILL 1: Subjects and Verbs SKILL 2: Objects of Prepositions TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1-2) SKILL 3: Present Participles SKILL 4: Past Participles TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 3-4) . TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-4) SKILL 5: Coordinate Connectors SKILL 6: Adverb Clause Connectors TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 5-6) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-6)
155 157 159 160 161 163 164 165 167 169 170
SKILL 7: SKILL 8:
171 173
Noun Clause Connectors No Noun Clause Connector/Subjects
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 7-8) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-8) SKILL 9: Adjective Clause Connectors SKILL 10: Adjective Clause Connector/Subjects TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 9-10) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-10)
THE WRITTEN WRITTEN EXPRESSION EXPRESSION QUESTIONS QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) SKILL 11: Agreement after Prepositional Ph Phrases SKILL 12 Agreement after Expressions of of Quantity SKILL 13: Agreement after Certain Words TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 11-13) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-13) SKILL 14: Parall ralle el Str Stru uctur ture with ith Coordinate Conjun junctio tions SKILL 15: Parallel Structure with Paired Conjunctions TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 14-15) TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-15) SKIL SKILL L 16: 16: Past Past Par Partic ticip iple less afte after r Have SKIL SKILL L 17: 17: Pres Presen entt Parti Partici cipl ples es or Pas Pastt Part Partic icip iple less afte after r &
.175 176 177 179 181 182
184
185 186 188 189 190 191 193 195 196 197 197 198 198
CONTENTS
SKIL SKILL L 18: 18: Base Base Form Form Verb Verbss afte afterr Moda Modals ls TOEF TOEFL L EXER EXERCI CISE SE (Ski (Skill llss 16-1 16-18) 8) TOEF TOEFL L REVI REVIEW EW EXER EXERCI CISE SE (Ski (Skill llss 1-18 1-18)) SKIL SKILL L 19: 19: Sing Singul ulaar and and Plur Pluraal Noun Nounss SKIL SKILL L 20: 20: Coun Counta tabl blee and and Unco Uncoun unta tabl blee Nou Nouns (Ski (Skill llss 19- 20) TOEF TOEFL L REVI REVIEW EW EXER EXERCI CISE SE (Ski (Skill llss 1- 20) SKIL SKILL L 21: 21: Subj Subjec ectt and and Obje Object ct Pron Pronou ouns ns
TOEF TOEFL L
EXER EXERCI CISE SE
SKIL SKILL L 22: 22: SKIL SKILL L TOEF TOEFL L TOEF TOEFL L SKIL SKILL L SKIL SKILL L TOEF TOEFL L TOEF TOEFL L
Poss Posses essi sive vess
23: 23: Pron Pronou oun n Refe Refere renc ncee EXER EXERCI CISE SE (Ski (Skill llss 21- 23) REVI REVIEW EW EXER EXERCI CISE SE (Ski (Skill llss 1- 23) 24: Adje Adject ctiv ives es and and Adve Adverb rbss 25: Adje Adject ctiv ives es afte afterr Link Linkin ing g Verb Verbss EXER EXERCI CISE SE (Ski (Skill llss 24-25 24-25)) REVI REVIEW EW EXERC EXERCIS ISE E (Ski (Skill llss 1-25 1-25))
207
2 08 210 211 212
213 215 218
219
STRUCT STRUCTURE URE POST-T POST-TEST EST (Paper) (Paper)
220
STRUCTURE STRUCTURE POST-TEST POST-TEST (Computer) (Computer)
227
SECT SE CTIO ION N TH THRE REE: E: •
19 9 20 0 201 20 2 203 205 2 06
READI READING NG
READI READING NG DIAGNO DIAGNOST STIC IC PREPRE-TE TEST ST (Pa (Pape per) r)
233
READING READING DIAGNOSTIC DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST PRE-TEST (Computer) (Computer)
2 42
READING INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION
249
SKIL SKILL L TOE TOEFL SKIL SKILL L TOEF TOEFL L TOEF TOEFL L SKIL SKILL L
1: Main Main Ide Ideaa Ques Questi tion onss EXER EXERC CISE ISE 1 2: 2: Sta Stated ted Det Detail ail Ques Questi tion onss EXER EXERCI CISE SE 2 REVI REVIEW EW EXER EXERCI CISE SE (Ski (Skill llss 1-2) 1-2) 3: Find Find "Un "Unst stat ated ed"" Deta Detail ilss
TOE TOEFL EXER EXERC CISE ISE 3 . :rOE :rOEFL FL REVI REVIEW EW EXER EXERCI CISE SE (Ski (Skill llss 1-3) 1-3) ~KIL ~KILL L 4: Impl Implie ied d Deta Detaiil Ques Questi tion onss T9EFL 9EFL EXER EXERC CISE ISE 4 TOEF TOEFL L REVI REVIEW EW EXER EXERCI CISE SE (Ski (Skill llss 1-4) 1-4) SKIL SKILL L 5: 5: Voca Vocabu bula lary ry in Cont Contex extt Que Questio stions ns TOEF TOEFL L EXER EXERCI CISE SE 5' " TOEF TOEFL L REVI REVIEW EW EXERC EXERCIS ISE E (Ski (Skill llss 1-5) 1-5) SKILL 6: "Where "Where"" Questi Questions ons TOEF TOEFL L EXER EXERCI CISE SE 6 TOEF TOEFL L REVI REVIEW EW EXERC EXERCIS ISE E (Ski (Skill llss 1-6) 1-6) SKIL SKILL L 7: Inse Insert rtin ing g Info Inform rmat atio ion n TOEF TOEFL L EXER EXERCI CISE SE 7 TOEF TOEFL L REVI REVIEW EW EXER EXERCI CISE SE (Ski (Skill llss 1-7) 1-7)
2 58 261
2 64 266
26 8 271
27 3 27 5 27 8 280 28 2
28 5 28 7 28 9 292
294 296
29 9 30 0 302
READING READING POST-T POST-TEST EST (Paper) (Paper)
306
READING POST-TEST POST-TEST (Computer) (Computer)
314
v
vi
CONTENTS
SECT SECTION ION FOUR FOUR::
WRITING RITING
WRITING WRITING INTRODUCTIO INTRODUCTION N
3 23
The Th e Writing riting Score Score
324 325
Sample Sample Essays Essays
Before Before Writing riting SKILL KILL 1: SKILL 2:
331 334
The The Intr Introd oduc ucto tory ry Para Paragr grdp dph h The The Supp Suppor orti ting ng Para Paragr grap aphs hs The The Concl Conclud udin ing g Para Paragr grap aph h
337 337 339 342
While Writing SKILL SKILL 3: SKILL SKILL 4: SKILL SKILL 5:
331
The The Writi ritin ng Top Topic The Sup Supporting Ideas
After After Writing SKILL 6:
Edit 6:\: 6B: 6C: SKILL 7: Edit 7A: 7B: . 7C: Practice Tests
Sentence Structure Simple Sentence Struclllre Compound Sentence Struclllre Complex Sentence Struclllre Written Expression Agreement and Parallel Structure Verbs and Nouns Pronouns and Adjectives
344 344 344 346 348 351 351 352 353 354
COMPLET PLETE E TE TEST ST 1: INTR INTRO ODUC DUCTOR TORY LEV LEVEL (Paper (Paper))
359 359
COMPLE COMPLETE TE TEST 2: INTRO INTRODUC DUCTOR TORY Y LEVEL LEVEL (Computer)
383
COMPLETE COMPLETE TEST 3: TOEFL TOEFL LEVEL LEVEL (Paper)
407
COMP COMPLET LETE E TE TEST ST 4: TOEFL TOEFL LEVEL LEVEL (Computer) (Computer)
433
APPENDIXES APPEN'DIX APPENDIX APPENDIX APPENDIX APPENDIX
A: B: C: D: E:
Si.nilar Sounds Prepositions Word Endings Irregular Verb Forms Word Pans
461 468 470 474 478
SCORING SCORING INFORMATION INFORMATION
491
CHARTING CHARTING YOUR YOUR PROGRESS PROGRESS
493
RECORDING SCRIPT
497
ANSWER KEY
537
1o 1o 1
o
1o
LIST LISTENI ENING NG DIAGN DIAGNOST OSTII C
1o
1o 1
PREPRE-TEST TE ST
(Pape Paperr) _ SECTION LISTE LISTENI NING NG
1
COMPRE COMPREHEN HENSIO SION N
TIme-appro e-approxim ximately 35 minutes (includ luding ing the the rea reading ing of the the direc irection tions for for each part) In this this sectio section n of the test, you you wiII wiII hav have e an opportu opportunit nity y to dem demon onstr strate ate your your ability ability to under understa stand nd conve conversa rsatio tions ns and and talks talks in Engli English. sh. There There are three three parts parts to this this section section.. Answ Answer er all the questi question onss on the basis basis of wha whatt is stat stated ed or implie implied d by the the speake speakers rs you you hear. hear. Do not not take take notes notes or write write in your your test test book book at any any time. time. Do not not turn turn the page pagess until until you you are told told to do so.
PartA Direc Directio tions: ns: In Part Part Ayou will hear hear short short conv convers ersati ation onss betw between een two two peop people. le. After fter each each conv convers ersati ation on,, you you wiII wiII hear hear a quest question ion abou aboutt the conv convers ersati ation on.. The The con conve versa rsatio tions ns and and questio questions ns wiII wiII not not be repeat repeated. ed. After After you you hear hear a quest question ion,, read read the four four possi possible ble answ answers ers in your your test test book book and and choo choose se the best best answ answer. er. Then, Then, on your your answ answer er sheet, sheet, find find the numb number er of the quest question ion and and fill in the space space that that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. . Listen Listen to an examp example. le.
Sample Sample Answ Answer er
On the the record recording ing,, you you hear: hear: (man) (woman) (narrator)
That That exam exam was was just just awfu awful. l. Oh, it coul could d have have been been worse worse.. What What does the woma woman n mean mean? ?
In your your test test book book,, you you read: read:
(A) (A) The The exam exam was was real really ly aw awful. ful. (B) (B) It was was the wors worstt exam exam she she had had ever ever seen seen.. (e) It couldn't couldn't have have been more more difficult. difficult. (D) (D) It wasn' asn'tt that that hard hard..
You You learn learn from from the con conve versa rsatio tion n that that the man man thoug thought ht the exa exam m was very very diffic difficult ult and and that that the woman oman disag disagree reed d with the man. man. The best best answ answer er to the quest question ion,, "Wha "Whatt does does the wom woman an mean?" ean?" is (D), (D), "It "It wasn wasn't 't that that hard: hard: There Therefor fore, e, the corre correct ct choic choice e is (D). (D).
8 DIAGNOSTIC DIAGNOSTIC PRE.TEST PRE.TEST (Paper (Paper))
1o 1
o
1o
1o
I. (A) (A) Her Her conc concer erns ns were were expr expres esse sed. d. (B) (B) She She wond wonder erss if Ihe Ihe conc concer ertt was was good good.. (C) (C) The The music music was was fant fantas astic tic.. (D) (D) She She wande wandere red d abou aboutt duri during ng the the night night.. 2. (A) (A) In a bus bus stat statio ion n (B) (B) In a post post offi office ce (C) (C) In an airp airpo ort (D) (D) In a tra trave vell agen agency cy He spe spend ndss half half his his tim time with ith his his daughter. (B) (B) His His daug daught hter er's 's unde underr a year year old. old. (C) (C) His His daug daught hter er will will sta start rt scho schoo ol in a year year and and a half. half. (D) (D) His His daug daught hter' er'ss eight eightee een n mont months hs old. old.
1o
1o
1o 1
9. (A) (A) (B) (B)
He was was quit quite e fort fortun unat ate. e. He lack lacked ed the the oppor opportu tuni nity ty to pla play y the the game. (C) (C) He didn didn't 't actu actual ally ly win win the game game,, (D) (D) He came came somet sometim ime e after after Luke. Luke.
10. 10. (A) (A) (B) (B) (C) (C) (D) (D)
It's It's quit quite e clea clean. n. It does doesn' n'tt move move.. It's It's clear clearly ly bette better. r. It's It's rath rather er dirt dirty. y.
II.
A bus drive iver An art art teac teache her r A nigh nightt atte attend ndan antt A trav travel el agen agentt
3. (A) (A)
4. (Al (Al (B) (B)
He's He's on the the bask basket etba ball ll team team.. He does doesn' n'tt even even like like 10 play basketb basketball. all. (C) (C) He's He's too too shor shortt to mak make e the the team team.. (D) (D) He thi think nkss he's he's tall tall enoug enough. h.
5. (A) (A) She' She'ss think thinkin ing g abo about her her grad grade e in the the seminar.
(B) (B) (C) (C)
The The semina seminarr is quite quite reali realist stic. ic. The The sem seminar inar will will take take a gre great at deal deal of time. (D) (D) She She agre agrees es with with the man man abo aboul the the seminar.
6. (A) (A) (B) (B) (C) (C) (D) (D)
The The loca locati tio on of the the meet meetin ing g The The purpo purpose se of the the meetin meeting g Who will will atten attend d the the meetin meeting g The The time time the the meeting meeting slart slartss
7.
Prepa repari ring ng dinne innerr lale laler r Goin Going g 10 a restaurant Cook Cooking ing a full full dinn dinner er Eatin Eating g dinn dinner er oUls oUlside ide in the the gar garde den n
(Al (Al (B) (B) (C) (C) (D) (D)
8. (A) (A) (B) (B) (C) (C) (D) (D)
She is fond fond of of Joe. Joe. Joe Joe is not not lost lost anym anymor ore. e. She She visits visits Joe regular regularly ly.. The The call call was alr alread eady y made made..
LISTENING
(A) (B) (B) (C) (C) (D) (D)
12. 12. (A) (A) (B) (B) (C) (C) (D) (D)
His desk desk is mad made e of meta metal. l. He neve neverr medd meddles les with with his his offic office e workers. His His desk desk is on the the righ rightt side side of the the office. He work workss in the cent center er of the off office ice..
13. (A) (A) Lear Learni ning ng some someth thin ing g abo about golf golf (B) (B) Taki Taking ng fewe fewerr less lesso ons than than he has has in the past (C) (C) Letti Letting ng her her play play gol golff inste instead ad of him him (D) (D) Goin Going g to play play golf golf togeth together er 14, 14, (A) (A) He does does not not live live near nearby by.. (B) (B) They They will will go latel latel:: (C) (C) It is not not tim time to deli delive verr the the pape paper. r. (D) (D) He doe doess not not have have lime lime to rea read. d. 15. 15. (A) (A) She She will will assi assign gn the the homew homewor ork k tomorrow. (B) (B) The The man man can can do the the hom homewor ework k next next week. (C) (C) She She will will retu return rn the the hom homewor ework k next next week. (D) (D) The The assi assign gnme ment nt must must be tur turne ned d in tomorrow.
1o 1 o
1o 1o
1o
1o 1o 1
16. (A) The woman is really beautiful. (B) The woman should repeat what she said. (C) He shares the woman's opinion. (D) He has time this year to travel.
24. (A) There seems to be a problem with the motor. (B) He does not want to be an engineer. (C) The music on the car stereo is good. (D) He likes the sound of the engine.
17. (A) (B) (C) (D)
In a In a In a In a
25. (A) (B) (C) (D)
An artist A tour guide A teacher A pilot
18. (A) (B) (C) (D)
She's going to the supermarket. She works in a grocery store. She's not going out. She doesn't have enough money for groceries.
26. (A) (B) (C) . (D)
Buying some 'cream for coffee Cleaning out the garage Painting the ap"arim~nt walls gree: PUlling the apartment in order
27. (A) (B) (C) (D)
He was happy to wtite the check. He received a large sum of money. He was working in a huge factory. He found some hidden bones.
28. (A) (B) (C) (D)
She She The She
29. (A) (B) (C) (D)
The door was closed reallv hard. Alice left because she wa; hungry. The door was smoothly sanded. Alice went out through the door on the left side.
30.
Take a bike ride Take the high road Go for a walk in the forest Look for firewood
19. (A) (B) (C) (D) 20.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
shoe store motel clothing store storage facility
He didn't really get the highest grade. He's rather intelligent. He's not done with the exam. He's not even in the class. Resting for a few minutes Studying a bit longer Taking a five-hour break Studying for shorter periods of time
21. (A) (B) (C) (D)
She needs a new suitcase. She's pUlling on a suit. She's preparing for a trip. She just received a package.
22. CA) (B) (C) (D)
It was the last game. The dream was real~y bad. The man never lets her talk. She feels the same way as the man.
23.
He's a bit too strong. He's bitter about the accident. He's still weak. He feels the accident was not his fault.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
doesn't need to store anything. prefers shopping nearby. stores are all too far away. doesn't want to go shopping.
~.
DIAGNOSTIC PRE TEST(Paper)
S
1o 1 o 1 o 1 o 1 D 1 D 1o 1 Part B
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear longer conversations. After each conversation, will hear several questions. The conversations and questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Remember, 31.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
32.
33.
A new bicycle An inexpensive bicycle A fast bicycle A slationary bicycle
(A) A half mile (B) A mile (C) lWomiles (D) Four miles (A) (B) .(C) (D)
34.
you are not allowed to take nOles or write in your lest book.
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
35.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
36.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Planning a trip Camping in the woods Putting up a lent Looking at photos It looks comfortable. It doesn't seem very big. It looks funny. It's full of fish.
He doesn't like it. It doesn't work very well. It's broken. He got a new one,
37.
(A) (B)
Standing in a river Putting up a lent ( C) Sitting in front of the tent (D) Swimming in the river
Go see his friend's bicycle See her new apartment Walk to school Buya new bicycle
38.
(A) Lots (B) A few (C) One (D) None
you
1 o 1 o 1 o 1 o 1 o 1 o 1 o 1 Part C
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several talks. After each talk, you will hear some questions. The talks and questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Here is an example. On the recording, you hear: (narrator) (man)
Listen to an instnlctor talk to his c/ass about paimillg. Artist Gram Wood was a guiding (orce in the school o( painting known as American regionalist, a style reflecting the distincti,'e characteristics o( art (rom rural areas o( the United States. Wood began drawing animals on the (amily (arm at the age o( three, and when he was thirty-eight, one o(his paintings received a remarkable amount o( public notice and acc/aim. This painting, calied American Gothic, is a starkly simple depiction o(a serious couple starillg directly out at the dewer.
Now listen to a sample question. (narrator)
What style o(painting
In your test book, you read:
Sample Answer is krlOwn as Americall regionalist?
(A) Art from America's inner cities (B) Art from the central region of the United States (C) Art from various urban areas in the United States (0) Art from rural sections of America
The best answer La the question, "What style of painting is known as American regionalist?" is (0), "Art from rural sections of America: Therefore, the correct choice is (0), Now listen to another sample question. (narrator)
Sample Answer
What is the name o( Woods most success(ul paiming?
In your test hook, you read:
(A) American Regionalist (B) The Fan}ily Farm in Iowa (C) American Gothic (0) A Serious Couple
The best answer to the question, "What is the name of Wood's most successful painting?" is (C), American Gothic. Therefore, the correct choice is (C). Remember, you are not allowed to take notes or write in your test book.
8 DIAGNOSTIC
PRE. TEST (Paper)
7
I0 1 0 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 1 ,0 1 ..
39. (A) Only three chapters (B) Three chemistry books ( C) Lecture notes and part of the book (0) Only class notes from the lectures
45. (A) Five (B) Ten ( C) Twenty-four (0) Thirty-nine
40. (A) Only multiple choice (B) Short and long essays ( C) Three short essays (0) Essays and multiple choice
46. (A) It is open to visitors. (B) It is still in use as a prison. ( C) It is closed to the public. (0) It contains few prisoners.
41. (A) tB)
47. (A) Artificial plants (B) Plants in plastic containers ( C) Plants that resemble plastic (0) Plants that produce a usable substance
Half an hour Fifty minutes An hour ( C) (0) Ninety minutes
42. (A)
Listen to a lecture (B) Study for the exam ( C) Read three chapters (0) Take an exam
48. (A) It lasts longer. (B) It is more artificial. ( C) It is easy to make in a laboratory. (0) It is good for the environment.
43. (A)
In a zoo (B) On a boat ( C) In a prison (0) In a lecture hall
It biodegrades slowly. It kills plants. ( C) People never throw it away. (0) It is not very strong.
49. (A) (B)
44. (A) A type of rock (B) A Spanish explorer ( C) A prison in San Francisco (0) A kind of bird
50. (A) (B) ( C) (0)
This is the end of the Listening
Engineering Art Botany Geology
Diagnostic
Pre-Test.
Circle the number of each of the questions in Part A that you answe11!d incorreclly or were unsure of Then you will see which skills you should be sure to focus on. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
""
.
8
SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL
LISTENING
I 5 I 2 6 I 3 4 1 2
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL
5 I 3 2 I 6 5 1 2 3
21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26 . 27. 28. 29. 30.
SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL SKILL
I 6 2 I 5 3 I 2 4 1
LISTENING Listening is tested in the first section on both thc paper TOEFL test and the computer TOEFL test. This section consists of a number of different types of listcning passages, each followed by one or more questions. The paper and the computcr listening sections are similar in the following ways: • some oj tlte PlLlsllges • some oj the lang'uage skills
The paper and the computer listening sections arc different in the following ways: • • • • • • •
some oj tlte passages some oj the Im//,'1wge skills the use oJvisuals the number oj questions the am01wi oj time the control oj time between questions the procedures and stTlltf.l,'ies
LISTENING
ONTHE
PAPERTOEFL@TEST
On the paper TOEFL test, the first section is called Listening Comprehension. This section consists of fifty questions (though some tests may be longcr). You will listen to rccorded material and respond to multiple choicc qucstions about the material. You must listen carefully because you will hear the recording one time only and the material on the recording is not written in your test book. \. Short Dialogues are two-line dialogues between two speakers, each followed by a multiple choice question. Youwill listen to each short dialogue and question on the recording and then choose tlte best answer to each question from the four choices in your test book. The thirty short dialogues and thiny questions about them make up Part A of the paper TOEFL test. 2. Long Conversations are 60-90 second conversations on casual topics between students, each followed by a number of multiple choice questions. You will listen to each long conversation and each of the questions that accompany it on the recording and then choose the best answer to each question from the four choices in your test book. The twp conversations and the seven to nine questions that accompany them make up Part B of the paper TOEFL test. 3. Talks are 60-90 second talks about school life or academic subjects, each followed by a number of multiple choice questions. You will listen to each lecture and each of the questions that accompany it on the recording and then choose the best answer to each question fmm the four choices in your test book. The three lectures and the eleven to thirteen questions that accompany them make up Part C of the paper TOEFL test.
.
22
LISTENING
GENERAL STRATEGIES FOR LISTENING COMPREHENSION (PaperTOEFL@Test) g I. Be familiar with the directions. The directions on every paper TOEFL test are the same. so it is not necessary to spend time reading the directions carefully when you take the test. You should be completely familiar with the directions before the day of the test. 2. Listen carefully to the passages. You should concentrate fully on what the speakers are saying on the recording because you will hear the recording one time only. 3. Know where the easier and the more difficult questions are generally found. Within each part of the Listening Comprehension section on the paper test. the questions generally progress from easy to difficult. 4. Be familiar
with the pacing of the test.
You have twelve seconds between each
question on the recording. so you must answer each question within twelve seconds and then be prepared for the next question on the recording. S. Never correct
leave any answers
blank on your answer
sheet.
Even if you are not sure of the
response. you should answer each question. There is no penalty for guessing.
6. Use any remaining time to look ahead at the answers to the questions that follow. When you finish with one question. you may have time to ("ok ahead at the answers to the next question.
LISTENING
ON THE
COMPUTER
TOEFL'l!lTEST
On the computer TOEFL test, the first section is called the Listening section. This section consists of thirty to fifty questions. In this section, you will listen to recorded material. look at visual cues, and respond to various types of questions about the material. You must listen carefully because you will hear the recorded material oue time only and the recorded material does not appear on the com pUler screen. Four types of passages may appear in the Listening section of the computer TOEFL test: 1. Short Dialogues consist of two- to four-line dialogues between two speakers. Each dialogue is accompanied by a context-setting visual and is followed by one multiple choice question. You will listen to each short dialogue as you see a context-setting visual on the screen. Then you will listen to a question as you see the question and four answer choices on the screen. The eleven to seventeen short dialogues and questions about them make up Part A on the computer TOEFL test. 2. Casual Conversations consist of live- to seven-line convers:ltions on casual topics between students. Each conversation is accompanied by a context-setting visual and is followed by two or three multiple choice questions. You will listen to each casual conversation as you see a context-setting visual on the screen. Then you will listen to each question as you see the question and the four answer choices on the screen. The two to four conversations and the questions that accompany them are found in Part B on the computer TOEFL test.
SHORT DIALOGUES(Paper and Computer)
3. Academic Discussions consist of 120-150 second discussions on academic topics by two to five speakers. Each discussion is accompanied bya number of context-setting and content visuals and is followed by three to six questions of varying types. You will listen to each academic discussion as you see a series of context-setting and content visuals on the screen. Then you will listen to each question as you see the various types of questions and answers on the screen. The one or two academic discussions and the questions that accompany them are found in Part B on the computer TOEFL test. 4. Academic Lectures consist of 120-150 second lectures on academic topics by university professors. Each lecture is accompanied by a number of context-setting am! content visuals and is followed by three to six questions of varying types. You will listen to each academic lecture as you see a series of context-setting and content visuals on the screen. Then you will listen to each question as you see the various types of questions and answers on the screen. The two to four academic lectures and the questions that accompany them are found in Part B on the computer TOEFL test. Part A on the computer TOEFL test consists of only short dialogues, while Part B consists of a mixture of casual conversations, academic discussions, and academic lectures. The Listening section of the computer TOEFL test is computer adaptive. This means that the difficulty of the questions that you see is determined by how well you answer the questions. The section begins with a medium-level question, and the questions that follow will get easier or harder depending on whether or not you answer the questions correctly.
GENERAL STRATEGIES FOR THE LISTENING SECTION (Computer TOEFL~Test) J ! ! ! I I. Be famH:;v- with the directions. The directions on every computer TOEFL test are the same. so i~is not necessary to spend time reading the directions carefully when you take the test. You should be completely familiar with the directions before the day of the test. 2. Be familiar with computer adaptivity. This section of the computer TOEFL test is adaptive. This means that you will start with a medium-level question, and the difficulty of the questions will increase or decrease depending on whether or not your answers are correct. 3. Set the volume carefully before you start the Listening section. You have the opportunity to choose the volume that you would like before you start the section. 4. Dismiss the directions as soon as they come up. The time starts when the directions come up. You should already be familiar with the directions. so you can click on as soon as it appears and save all your time for the questions. Dismiss Directions 5. Listen carefully to the spoken material. You will hear the spoken material one time only. You may not repeat the spoken material during the test. 6. Use the visuals to help you focus on the context. As you listen to the spoken material. you will see visual materials on the screen. The visual information may help you to understand the conteXt for the spoken material as well as the content of the spoken material . as you listen. 7. Pace yourself
between
questions.
You control when the spoken material is played. You
may take as much time as you need between questions.
2"
LISTENING
8. Think carefully about a question before you answer it. You may not return to a question later in the test. You have only one opportunity to answer a given question. 9. Click on an answer on the computer screen when you have selected You may still change your mind at this point and click on a different answer.
an answer.
em
10. Click on and then click on to record your answer. After you click on the Confirm Answer button. you cannot go back and change your answer. A new question will appear. and you may not return to a previous question. II.
Do not spend too much time on a question you are unsure of. Ifyou truly do not know the answer to a question. simply guess and go on. The computer will automatically move you into a level of questions that you can answer.
12. Be very careful not to make careless mistakes. Ifyou mistakenly choose an incorrect answer. the computer will move you to an easier level of questions than you can handle. You will have to waste time working your way back to the appropriate level of questions. 13. Monitor the time carefully on the title bar of the computer screen. The title bar indicates the time remaining in the Listening section. the total number of questions in the section. and the current number. 14. Do not randomly guess at the end of the section to complete all the questions the section before time is up. In a computer adaptive section such as the Listening section. random guessing to complete the section will only lower your score.
in
SHORT DIALOGUES (PAPER TOEFL@ TEST AND COMPUTER TOEFL@ TEST) m s Short dialogues appear on both the paper TOEFL test and the computer TOEFL tesL Though short dialogues are slightly different in format on the two tests. they both test the same language skills. The paper and computer short dialogues are similar in the following ways: •
the language
sid/is tested
•
the type of question used
•
the number of peoflle talking
The paper and computer short dialogues are different in the following ways: •
the possible number of lines of dialogue
•
the use of context-setting
•
the control of the timing between questions
•
the presentation
visuals
of the question
to accomj}{lny the dialogues
SHORT DIALOGUES
(Paperand Computer)
SHORT DIALOGUES ON THE PAPERTOEFL@TEST Short dialogues are found in Part A in the Listening Comprehension section of the paper TOEFL test. For each of the thirty short dialogues in this part of the test, you will hear a two-line dialogue b~tween two speakers followed by a multiple choice question. After you listen to the dialogue and the question. you must choose the best answer to the question from your test book. Look at an example of a short dialogue from the paper TOEFL test.
Example from the Paper TOEFL ~ Test • On the recording. (man) (woman) (narrator)
you hear:
Have yuu finished studying/or
the math test?
Not quite. What does the woman mean?
In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (e) (D)
She She She She
is quite finished thinks it is quite has a little more has not finished
with her studies. a difficult test. studying to do. the math test.
In the dialoguc, the man asks if the woman has finished studying. and the woman says No t quite. This means that she has not quite finished studying and that she has a little more studying to do. Answer (C) is therefore thc best answer to this qucstion.
PROCEDURES FORTHE SHORT DIALOGUES (PaperTOEFL@Test) 0 0 J l I. As you listen to each short
dialogue. focus on the second line of the conversation.
The answer to the question is generally found in the second line. 2. Keep in mind that the correct answer is probably a restatement of a key word or idea in the second line of the dialogue. Think of possible restatements. 3. Keep in mind that certain structures and expressions are tested regularly in the short dialogues. Usten for these structures and expressions: restatements. negatives, suggestions, passives, who and where, and agreement 4. Keep in mind that these questions generally progress from easy to difficult. This means that questions I through 5 will be the easi~st and questions 26 through 30 will be the hardest. S. Read the answers and choose the best answer to each question. Remember to answer each question even ifyou are not sure of the correct response. Never leave any answers blank.
2S
26
LISTE NIN G
6. Even if you do not understand correct answer •
the complete
dialogue,
you can still find the
• If you only understand a few words or ideas in the second line, choose the answer that contains a restatement of those words 'or ideas . • If you did not understand anything at all in the second line of the dialogue, choose the answer that sounds the most different from what you heard . • Never choose an answer because it sounds like what you heard in the dialogue. 7. Be prepared
for the next question.
SHORT DIALOGUES
You have only 12 seconds between questions.
ONTHE COMPUTERTOEFL~TEST
Short dialogues appear in Part A of the Listening section of the computer TOEFL test. For each of the short dialogues in this part of the test., you will see a context-setting visual as you listen to a two-to four-line dialogue between two speakers. After you see the visual and listen to the dialogue, you will see the question and the four answer choices on the com puter screen. You must click on the best answer choice on the computer screen. Now look at an example of a short dialogue from the computer TOEFL test.
Example from the Computer TOEFL.
You see on the computer
screen:
Test
You hear. (woman)
Ar e the re an y mm e che mistr y pro ble ms to do~
(man)
There are a j=
After the dialogue is complete, the question and answer choices appear on the computer screen as the narrator states the question. This question is a regular multiple choice question that asks what the man means.
SHORT DIALOGUES(Paper and Computer)
You see on the computer • ..
You hear.
screen:
(narrator)
~
Mat
does the man mean?
What does the man mean! The problems are done. o There is one small problem to solve. o
o He has not yet started the problems.
o They have a couple of problems left.
In the dialogue, the man says that there aTe a few. This means that they have a cauple of problems l e f t . The last answer is the best answer, so you should click on the last answer to this question.
PROCEDURES FOR THE SHORT DIALOGUES (Computer TOEFL«lTest) I. Listen carefully
to the short
dialogue.
You may listen to the dialogue one time only.
2. Use the visual to help you focus on the context. A context-setting visual appears on .the screen at the beginning of each short dialogue. It shows you who is talking and where they are talking. 3. As you listen to each short dialogue, focus on the last line of the dialogue. answer to the question is generally found in the last line of the dialogue. 4.
The
Usten to the question following the short dialogue as you read it on the screen. Each listening question is both spoken and written on the computer screen.
S. Keep in mind that the correct answer is probably a restatement idea in the last line of the dialogue. Think of possible restatements
of a key word or of the last line of the
dialogue. 6. Keep in mind that certain structures and expressions are tested regularly in the dialogues. Usten for these structures and expressions: restatements, negatives, suggestions,
pa ssiv es , wha an d whe re , and agreement 7. Even if you do not understand
the complete
dialogue,
you can still find the
correct answer • • If you only understand a few words or ideas in the last line, choose the answer that contains a restatement of those words or ideas . • Ifyou did not understand anything at all in the last line of the conversation, choose the answer that sounds the most different from what you heard . • Never choose an answer because it sounds like what you heard in the dialogue. 8. Click on an answer on the computer screen when you have selected You may still change your mind at this point and click on a different answer.
an answer.
27
.
28
LISTENING
9. Click on ~. Then click on to record your answer. After you clickon thisbutton,you cannotgo backand changeyour answer. 10. Be prepared for the next question. After youclickon ConfirmAnswer ,the next question beginsautomatically.
Next, you should move on to the language skills. The following language skills will help you to implement these strategies and procedures with the short dialogues on both the paper TOEFL test and the computer TOEFL tesL
Skill I: RESTATEMENTS
Often the correct answer to a short-dialogue question is an answer that contains a restatement of the ideas in the last line of the dialogue.
Example from the Paper and Computer TOEFL~ Tests
!II
On the recording, you hear: (woman) Stroe, is something the mal/er1 You don 'tlook very good. (man)
(narrator)
Oh, I'm fuling a iiI/i.esick today. What does the man mean1
In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (D)
He's not very good looking. He's a bit ill. He looksworse than he feels. His feet are a little thick.
In this conversation, sick means ill, and a littl£ means a bit. The best answer to this question is therefore answer (B) because answer (B) restates the idea in the last line of the dialogue. Please note that answer (D) is definitely not a correct answer because it contains fiet instead of fee~ and thick instead of sick. These words are similar in sound but not in meaning to the words that you hear on the recording.
SHORT DIALOGUES (Paper and Computer)
The following chart outlines the most important strategy for short dialogues. T HE
B ES T S TR AT EG Y:
C HO OS E
A NS W ER S
W IT H
R ES TA TE M EN TS
I. As you listen to the last line of the dialogue. you should focus on the key idea(s) in that line. 2. If you see a restatement correct answer.
of the key idea(s) in a particular answer, then you have probably found the
3. Do not choose answers with words that sound similar to the words on the recording.
NOTE:
In Append ix
want to complete
A there
are drills to practice
these practice
distinguishing
similar sounds.
You may
drills before trying the following exercises.
EXERCISE I: In this exercise, underline the key idea(s) in the last line of each short dialogue. Then underline restatements of these key words in the answers, and choose the best answer to each question. Remember that the best answer is probably the answer that contains a restatement of the key ideas(s) in the last line of the dialogue. I. (woman)
(man) (narrator)
What do you like about your new house? It s very close to a park. What does the man mean?
Mark said some really nice things to me. (woman) He's very grateful for what you did. (narrator) What does the woman say about Mark?
2. (man)
3. (woman) (man) (narrator)
Sam, you've been working at the computerfor hOUTS. Yes, and I need to take a break. What does the man mean?
The house is closed up now. (B) He parks his car close to his house. ( C) His home is near a park. (0) He doesn't really like his new horse. (A)
(A)
He did a great job. (B) He bought a crate full of fruit. ( C) He made a great fool of himself. (0) He's thankful.
(A) The computer's broken. (B) He must rela.x for a while.
( C) He should keep working. (0) He's broke.
10
LISTENING
TOEFL EXERCISE I: In this exercise, listen carefully to the short dialogue and question on the recording, and then choose the best answer to the question. You should look for restatements of key idea(s) in the last line. Now n
BEGIN THE RECORDING
AT TOEFL
EXERCISE
I.
1. (A) The dance was fun. (B) It was a good time to dance. ( C) She thinks the man is such a good dancer. (0) Tonight is the last time to dance.
His vacation is full of activities. In.autumn he'll have a vacation. ( C) He can't have a vacation because he suffered a fall. (0) He's foolish to take a vacation now.
6.
(A) (B)
2.
(A) (B)
She's quite thirsty. She'll be ready in a half hour. ( C) She needs to leav~ now. (0) She was ready thirty minutes ago.
7.
The book was very enjoyable. It was unpleasant to get rid of the bugs. ( C) She only reads when it is quiet. (0) It is pleasant to ride a bike.
3.
The woman should teach the class herself. (B) The woman should see a psychiatrist. ( C) It's a good idea to speak with the instructor. (0) He would like to discuss psychology with the woman.
8.
He hasn't traveled much lately. There were a lot of cars on the road. ( C) He needs to lose weight. (0) The tray was thick and heavy.
9.
(A)
4.
(A)
She has a starring role. She has not found ajob yet. ( C) She found the lost dog. (0) She just began working.
(A) (B)
He shares everything he has. (B) He has to find his lost shirt. ( C) He is climbing the stairs to the apartment. (0) He has to get a roommate.
5. (A)
(A) (B)
(A) (B)
He doesn't know how to play the game. (B) He has to write a story for class. ( C) He needs to complete an assignment. (0) He has already finished the report.
10. (A) He always minds his own business. (B) He manages to avoid working. ( C) He is the manager of the department. (0) He is the boss of his own company.
SHORTDIALOGUES (PaperandComputer)
Skill 2: NEGATIVES
Negative expressions are very common in the short dialogues. The most common kind of correct response to a negative statement is a positive statement containing a word with an opposite meaning. Example from the Paper and Computer TOEFL Tests IIII.!!!I
On the recording, you hear: (woman) Did you get a lot a/work done at the library today? (man) I couldn't. It wasn't very E!.there. (narrator) What does the man mean? In your test book, you read: (A) (B) (C) (0)
The library wasnoisy. He got a lot don~ He couldn't quite gettD the library today. The library's a good place to work because it's quiet.
The correct answer is answer (A). If it was not quiet in the library, this means that it was noisy. Notice that the correct answer uses noisy, the opposite of quiet. The following chart shows how negatives can be tested on the TOEFL test. NEGATIVE SENTENCES
Example Tomis no ! sadabout the results.
NegativeExpression
Tomis happy about the results. no!sad happy =
The door is closed.
The door isn't open. Steve did no!pass the class.
Correct Answer
Steve fai led the class.
no!open closed =
did no!pass failed =
2: In this exercise, underline the negative expression in the last line of each short dialogue. Then read the question and choose the best answer to that question. Remember that the best answer is one that uses an opposite meaning. EXERCISE
1. (woman) (man) (narrator)
You made so many mistakes in this homework. I wam 't very careful. What does the man mean?
(A) He was rather careless. (B) He does not care about mistakes. (C) He took care of the work at home. (D) He did not carry the work home.
31
