LAB 04 - MOTORES MONOFÁSICOS.docx

LABORATORIO N° 03 “MOTORES MONOFÁSICOS”

CARRERA

:

TECNOLOGÍA TECNOLOGÍ A MECÁNICA ELÉCTRICA

CICLO

:

V

SECCIÓN

:

“F”

DOCENTE

:

ING. FIESTAS ELÍAS ALFONSO

CURSO

:

MÁQUINAS ELÉCTRICAS II

ALUMNO (S)

: •

•

AVALOS AVALOS YPA YPANAQUE NAQUE WILMER EDSGARDO MATALLANA MATALLANA ESPINOZA CARLOS EDU

FECHA DE REALIZACIÓN

: 02 02 – 05 – 20!

FECHA DE ENTRE"A

: ! – 05 # 20!

20! I

L$%&'$&'& *: “M&&'+, M&-&./,&,” M &-&./,&,”

Laboratorio de Máquinas Eléctricas II

I1

OBETIO: Demo!"#" $# %"&'(&%#$e (#"#(!e")!&(# *e +,'(&o'#m&e'!o *e $o mo!o"e *e &'*,((&-' mo'o+&(o em%$e#'*o e$ m-*,$o *e mo!o" (o' #""#'/,e %o" (o'*e'#*o".

II1

INTRODUCCIÓN TEÓRICA T#$ 0 (omo m,e!"# $# Imagen 1 e %,e*e o1!e'e" ,' mo!o" *e &'*,((&-' 2#,$# *e #"*&$$# mo'o+&(o ,!&$&3#'*o ,' &m%$e e$e(!"o&m' (o'e(!#*o # ,'# +,e'!e (.#. mo'o+&(#.

Imagen 1 Motor de inducción jaula de ardilla monofásico elemental

E$ %"&'(&%&o *e +,'(&'#m&e'!o *e e!e !&%o *e mo!o"e e m (om%$&(#*o /,e #/,e$ *e$ mo!o" *e &'*,((&-' 2#,$# *e #"*&$$# !"&+&(o. E$ mo!o" *e &'*,((&-' e$eme'!#$ *e $# &m#4e' 5 e %,e*e (o'&*e"e" (omo +"e'o %o" Co""&e'!e *e Fo,(#,$! /,e #(!6# *e m#'e"# &'!e"m&!e'!e7 0# /,e $# (o""&e'!e &',o&*#$ e' e$ e$e(!"o&m' *e$ e!#!o" %## (o'!&',#me'!e *e 8#$o"e %&(o # (e"o. C#1e %"e4,'!#"e (-mo %,e*e 4&"#" e!e mo!o" & %#"e(e /,e o%e"# *e m#'e"# &m&$#" # ,' +"e'o %o" Co""&e'!e *e Fo,(#,$!. No o1!#'!e7 (,#'*o e 9#(e 4&"#" m#',#$me'!e e$ "o!o" *e$ mo!o" *e &'*,((&-' e$eme'!#$ *e $# &m#4e' 57 e ("e# ,' %#" /,e #(!6# e' e$ e'!&*o *e $# "o!#(&-' 0 #)7 e$ mo!o" (o'!&',#" "o!#'*o m&e'!"# $# +,e'!e (.#. #$&me'!e #$ e$e(!"o&m' *e$ e!#!o".E!e %#" e *e1e #$ (#m%o m#4':!&(o 4&"#!o"&o /,e "e,$!# *e $# #((&-' "e()%"o(# e'!"e e$ (#m%o m#4':!&(o %"o*,(&*o %o" e$ e$e(!"o&m' *e$ e!#!o" 0 e$ ("e#*o %o" $# Co""&e'!e &'*,(&*# e' e$ "o!o". L# &m#4e' ; m,e!"# ,' 4"+&(o 8e$o(&*#* e' +,'(&-' *e$ %#" %#"# e!e !&%o *e mo!o"e. L# (,"8# &'*&(# /,e # 1#2# 8e$o(&*#*e e$ %#" "e,$!# m,0 %e/,e

Imagen 2 Curva característica. Velocidad vs Par. Motor de Indución monofásico

A %e/,e<# 8e$o(&*#*e7 $o 1#2o 8#$o"e *e$ %#" e *e1e' # /,e $# (o""&e'!e &'*,(&*# e' e$ "o!o" %"o*,(e' (#m%o m#4':!&(o7 0 :!o ("e#' +,e"3# /,e #(!6#' o1"e *&(9o "o!o" e' 8#"&# *&"e((&o'e. L# m#0o")# *e e# +,e"3# e #',$#' e'!"e ) 0 $# +,e"3# "e,$!#'!e o1"e e$ "o!o" e *:1&$. E!o e=%$&(# $# (#,# %o" $# /,e e$ mo!o" *e &'*,((&-' *e $# &m#4e' 5 e *e1e 9#(e" #""#'(#" m#',#$me'!e. C,#'*o e$ mo!o" e!: #""#'(#'*o7 e 'e(e#"&o ,' (#m%o m#4':!&(o 4&"#!o"&o e' e$ e!#!o" %#"# o1!e'e" e$ %#" # 1#2# 8e$o(&*#*e >%#" *e A""#'/,e?.

Imagen 3 Adicón de un segundo electroimán al motor de inducción monofásico elemental.

L# &m#4e' @ m,e!"# e$ mo!o" *e &'*,((&-' *e $# &m#4e' 5 #$ /,e e $e #*&(&o'- ,' e4,'*o e$e(!"o&m' +o"m#'*o ,' '4,$o "e(!o (o' e$ 3


0# e=&!e'!e. Am1o e$e(!"o&m#'e o' &*:'!&(o 0 e!' (o'e(!#*o # $# m&m# F,e'!e (.#. L# (o""&e'!e I 5 e I; e' $o e$e(!"o&m#'e >(o""&e'!e *e #""o$$#m&e'!o? e!' e' +#e 0# /,e $# 1o1&'# !&e'e' &4,#$ &m%e*#'(&#. S&' em1#"4o7 # (#,# *e $# &'*,(!#'(&# *e $# 1o1&'# *e $o e$e(!"o&m#'e7 e=&!e ,' *e+##2e e'!"e e# (o""&e'!e 0 e$ 8o$!#2e *e $# F,e'!e (.#.7 (omo &$,!"# e$ *"#m# +#o"&#$ *e $# &m#4e' @. D#*o /,e $# (o""&e'!e I 5 e I; e!' e' +#e7 'o e %"o*,(e '&'46' (#m%o m#4':!&(o 4&"#!o"&o e' e$ e!#!o". No o1!#'!e7 e %o&1$e *e+##" $# I ; (o$o(#'*o ,' (o'*e'#*o" e' e"&e (o' e$ #""o$$#m&e'!o *e$ e$e(!"o&m' ;. Se %,e*e e$$e(&o'#" $# (#%#(&!#'(&# *e *&(9o (o'*e'#*o" *e m#'e"# /,e $# (o""&e'!e I ; #*e$#'!e # $# (o""&e'!e I 5 e' B*,"#'!e e$ A""#'/,e *e$ mo!o"7 (omo $o m,e!"# $# &m#4e' . Como "e,$!#*o7 m&e'!"# /,e e$ mo!o" #""#'(#7 e %"o*,(e ,' 8e"*#*e"o (#m%o m#4'e!&(o 4&"#!o"&o. E$ (o'*e'#*o" ("e# e$ e/,&8#$e'!e # ,'# F,e'!e (.#. 1&+&(# 0 %e"m&!e /,e e$ mo!o" *e#""o$$e , %#" *e A""#'/,e.

Imagen  !ormas de ondas " fasores durante el desarrollo del #ar de arran$ue.

O!"# +o"m# *e ("e#" ,' *e+##2e e'!"e $# (o""&e'!e I 5 e I; e +#1"&(#'*o ,'o *e $o #""o$$#m&e'!o (o' %o(# 8,e$!# 0 (o' #$#m1"# m +&'o. E$ #""o$$#m&e'!o "e,$!#'!e7 $$#m#*o #""o$$#m&e'!o #,=&$&#"7 !&e'e m "e&!e'(&# 0 me'o &'*,(!#'(&# 0 $# (o""&e'!e # !"#8: *e$ m&mo e! %"#(!&(#me'!e e' +#e (o' e$ 8o$!#2e *e $# F,e'!e. Como $o &$,!"# $# &m#4e' 7 #,'/,e e$ *e+##2e e'!"e $# *o (o""&e'!e "e,$!# me'o" *e B7 &4,#$me'!e e ("e# ,' (#m%o m#4':!&(o 4&"#!o"&o *,"#'!e e$ A""#'/,e *e$ mo!o". E$ %#" *e A""#'/,e /,e e $o4"# %o" e!# 8)# "e,$!# ,+&(&e'!e %#"# /,e e$ mo!o" (om&e'(e # 4&"#"7 e' $# #%$&(#(&o'e /,e 'o "e/,&e"e' 8#$o"e m,0 #$!o *e *&(9o %#".

4


Imagen % &esfasaje entre las corriente en un arrollamiento au'iliar.

S&' em1#"4o7 e$ #""o$$#m&e'!o #,=&$&#" 'o %,e*e o%o"!#" (o""&e'!e e$e8#*# m /,e ,'o e4,'*o &' *#<<#"e7 *#*o /,e e! (o'!",)*o *e #$#m1"e m,0 +&'o. Po" e!# "#3-' e e'(,e'!"# (o'e(!#*o # !"#8: *e ,' &'!e"",%!o" (e'!")+,4o /,e #1"e 0 *e(o'e(!# e$ #""o$$#m&e'!o *e$ (&"(,&!o (,#'*o e$ mo!o" #$(#'3# e$  *e , 8e$o(&*#* 'om&'#$. U'# 8e3 /,e e$ &'!e"",%!o" (e'!")+,4o e #1"e7 e$ (#m%o m#4':!&(o 4&"#!o"&o e m#'!&e'e # (#,# *e $# &'!e"#((&-' e'!"e $o (#m%o m#4':!&(o %"o*,(&*o %o" e$ e!#!o" 0 "o!o".

5


III1

E4UIOS 6 MATERIALES (a)la 1 *$ui#amiento necesario

C$-1

D+,'78-

B5

F,e'!e *e #$&me'!#(&-'

B5 B5

Mo!o" *e &'*,((&-' 2#,$# *e #"*&$$# *e  %o$o Mo!o" (o' A""#'/,e %o" (o'*e'#*o"

B5

M$'$

M&9+&

L#1H8o$!

5@@HBB

O%,+';$8O%e"#!&8#

L#1H8o$!

O%e"#!&8o O%e"#!&8o

I'!e"+#3 *e #*/,&&(&-' *e *#!o

L#1H8o$! L#1H8o$!

HHH

F$$ I3

B5

Com%,!#*o"# %e"o'#$

Le'o8o

HHH

O%e"#!&8o

5

C#1$e *e (o'e=&-' mm

L#1H8o$!

B5

Co'e(!o" (o' Te"m&'#$ USJ

HHH

I1

I'o%e"#!&8o HHH

V#"&o

ROCEDIMIENTO

6


A1 CUESTIONARIO 1 C,#'*o ,' mo!o" *e &'*,((&-' 2#,$# *e #"*&$$# !"&+&(o e! (o'e(!#*o # -$o *o +#e7 *&(9o mo!o"K $1 %1 1 91

F,'(&o'# (#& 'o"m#$me'!e Ro!# e' e'!&*o o%,e!o No #""#'(# o #""#'(# "o!#'*o *e mo*o #'o"m#$ A+e(!# $# (#'!&*#* *e %o!e'(&# "e#(!&8# /,e ,m&'&!"#

21 C,#'*o ,' mo!o" *e &'*,((&-' 2#,$# *e #"*&$$# !"&+&(o e! (o'e(!#*o # o$o ,'# +#e7 *&(9o mo!o"K $1 %1 1 91

F,'(&o'# (#& 'o"m#$me'!e Ro!# e' e'!&*o o%,e!o No #""#'(# A+e(!# $# (#'!&*#* *e %o!e'(&# "e#(!&8# /,e ,m&'&!"#

31 A ,' mo!o" *e &'*,((&-' mo'o+&(o e $e #*&(&o'# ,' *e8#'#*o #,=&$&#" 0 ,' (o'*e'#*o" %#"# #0,*#"$o $1 %1 1 91

F,'(&o'# (#& 'o"m#$me'!e Ro!# e' e'!&*o o%,e!o No #""#'(# A+e(!# $# (#'!&*#* *e %o!e'(&# "e#(!&8# /,e ,m&'&!"#

*1 Lo mo!o"e *e &'*,((&-' mo'o+&(o *e !&%o #""#'/,e %o" (o'*e'#*o" ,!&$&3#' ,' &'!e"",%!o" (e'!")+,4o %#"#K $1 A*&(&o'#" ,' *e8#'#*o #,=&$&#" 0 ,' (o'*e'#*o" #$ (&"(,&!o *e$ mo!o". %1 Q,&!#" ,' *e8#'#*o #,=&$&#" 0 ,' (o'*e'#*o" *e$ (&"(,&!o *e$ mo!o". 1 A*&(&o'#" "e&!e'(&# o$o e' e$ (&"(,&!o *e #""#'/,e. 91 Q,&!#" "e&!e'(&# o$o *e$ (&"(,&!o *e #""#'/,e. 51 E$ *e8#'#*o #,=&$&#" !&e'e %o(# e%&"# 0 #$#m1"e +&'o7 %o" $o !#'!o7 !&e'eK $1 %1 1 91

1

J#2# "e&!e'(&# 0 #$!# &'*,(!#'(&# J#2# "e&!e'(&# 0 1#2# &'*,(!#'(&# A$!# "e&!e'(&# 0 #$!# &'*,(!#'(&# A$!# "e&!e'(&# 0 1#2# &'*,(!#'(&#

OBSERACIONES

7




I1

E' $# T#"2e!# *e A*/,&&(&-' *e *#!o7 e$ 1o"'e *e $e(!,"# I@ 'o e!,8o #%!o %#"# e$ !"#1#2o.

RECOMENDACIONES Te'e" e%e(&#$ (,&*#*o #$ mome'!o *e #1"&" ,'# $)'e# %#"# $# %",e1# *e mo!o" 1&+&(o 0 mo'o+&(o7 e$ +$,2o *e (o""&e'!e %e"m#'e(e. E2e(,!#" $# "e8&&-' *e$ &'!e"",%!o" (e'!")+,4o e' e$ mo!o" (o' #""#'/,e %o" (o'*e'#*o"7 & e!: e 9# #(!&8#*o $# %",e1# 'o %o*" e" "e#$&3#*#. Re#$&3#" $# (o'e=&o'e %#,#*#me'!e 0 "e8&#'*o %"o4"e&8#me'!e7 $# %"ee'(&# *e *&8e"# (o'e=&o'e %,e*e 4e'e"#" (o'+,&o'e 0 e""o"e e' e$ $#1o"#!o"&o.

II1

CONCLUSIONES 



E' e$ e'#0o (o' e$ mo!o" %o" #""#'/,e %o" (o'*e'#*o" %,*&mo (om%"o1#" /,e e %"o%&#me'!e e$ (o'*e'#*o" #/,e$ /,e %e"m&!e 4e'e"#" e$ %#" *e #""#'/,e %#"# e$ mo!o" %e"m&!&e'*o e$ %#o #(!&8o *e (o""&e'!e. E$ mo!o" *e &'*,((&-' 2#,$# *e #"*&$$# %,e*e +,'(&o'#" (o'e(!# me*&#'!e $# !"e $)'e# R7 S 0 T7 &' em1#"4o7 & e #1"&e"# ,'# o *o $)'e# *e+&'&!&8#me'!e 'o +,'(&o'# e!o *e1&*o # /,e $# (o""&e'!e (omo +#o"e !"#!#' *e 1,(#" , %o&(&-' 0 #$ 'o (o'e4,&"$o 'o 4e'e"#mo e$ %#" ,+&(&e'!e %#"# 8e'(e" $# &'e"(&# *e$ "o!o".

8

LAB 04 - MOTORES MONOFÁSICOS.docx

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