Zkeyfdflekr H`fssbs EFUB 7
UKDB 7 5? Dklutbs
DF]NX 7 ^ YYY /62T
UBXU HIEB 7 FH H] ^6T
XUF]U UKDB 7
BLE UKDB 7
UKDB UFNBL7
_F]BLU‛X XKALFUR]B 7
Ucks tbst hiltfkls f titf` titf` ij 62 Imgbhtkvb Uypb Vubstkils. Bfhc qubstkil hfrrkbs hfrrkbs 6 dfrn. dfrn. Ucbrb ks LI LBAFUKZB dfrnkla. dfrnkla.
Hciisb tcb hirrbht f`tbrlftkvb. f`tbrlftkvb. Il`y ilb hcikhb hcikhb ks hirrbht. 6.
Kl fl FH hkrhukt, Z fle fle K frb frb akvbl my Z 4 4 62?skl(62?t ) vi`t fle K (F)
=.
zbri
(M)
Kj B 4 6?? skl (6??t ) vi`t fle K B 4
2:=2 Q
(H)
Ϗ = skl 62?t fdp. Ucb piwbr eksskpftbe kl tcb hkrhukt ks 7 8 62? Q
(E)
6?: Q
Ϗ 6?? skl 6??t dF frb tcb klstfltflbius vf`ubs ij vi`tfab fle hurrblt, tcbl tcb rds vf`ubs ij 8
vi`tfab fle hurrblt frb rbspbhtkvb`y. (F) 8.
1?.1Z , 1?.1 dF
(M)
1?.1 Z , 1?.1 F
(H)
656.5 Z , 656.5 dF (E)
656.5 Z , 656. 5 F
Kj B bdj, K ? ks tcb pbfn hurrblt fle ϊ ks tcb pcfsb ekjjbrblhb mbtwbbl tcbd, tcbl tcb fvbrfab piwbr eksskpftkil kl tcb B ? ks tcb pbfn bdj, hkrhukt ks 7 (F)
5.
6
B? K ? =
(M)
B? K ?
(H)
=
6
B? K ? skl ϊ =
(E)
6
B? K ? his ϊ =
Ucb pbfn vf`ub ij fl f`tbrlftkla hurrblt ks 2 F fle kts jrbqublhy ks :? Cz. Jkle kts rds vf`ub fle tkdb tfnbl ti rbfhc tcb pbfn vf`ub ij hurrblt stfrtkla jrid zbri. (F)
2.
8.28: F > 5.6:1 ds (M)
1.
:.?1 F> 6? ds
(E)
=.28: F > 56.6:1 ds
=? dF
(H)
5? dF
(E)
3? dF
Fvbrfab piwbr kl tcb @-H - ] ] hkrhukt ebpbles upil 7 (F)
hurrblt
(M)
pcfsb ekjjbrblhb il`y
(H)
bdj
(E)
hurrblt, bdj fle pcfsb ekjjbrblhb
Qcft ks tcb fvbrfab vf`ub ij tcb FH vi`tfab vi`tfab ivbr hidp`btb hyh`b9 (F)
3.
(H)
Fl f`tbrlftkla vi`tfab (kl vi`t) akvbl my Z =?? = skl 6??t ks hill hillbh bhtb tbe e ti ti 6² J hfpfhktir tcriuac fl FH fddbtbr. Ucb rbfekla rbfekla ij tcb fddbtbr fddbtbr wk`` mb 7 6? dF (F) (M)
:.
8.28: F> 62 ds
(M)
Wbri
(H)
Z dfx
=Z dfx Ϗ
(E)
Z dfx
=
F tb`bpcilb wkrb ij `blatc =?? nd cfs hfpfhktflhb ij ?.?65 ² J pbr nd. Kj kt hfrrkbs fl FH jrbqublhy jrbqublhy 2 nCz, wcft sciu`e mb tcb vf`ub ij fl kleuhtir rbqukrbe ti mb hillbhtbe kl sbrkbs si tcft tcb kdpbeflhb ij tcb hkrhukt ks dklkdud9 (F)
;.
(M)
Ucb klktkf` pcfsb fla`b jir k 6? skl ϋt (F)
6?.
?.82 dC
6 5
tfl
2
(M)
8.2 dC
(H)
=.2 dC
(H)
skl
(E)
zbri
(E)
;?¿
3 his ϋt ks 7 6 2
tfl
5
6 5
2
Qckhc ij tcb ji``iwkla stftbdblt ks kl hirrbht9 (F)
Kl @ -H - ] hkrhukt, fs tcb jrbqublhy ij tcb siurhb klhrbfsbs, tcb kdpbeflhb ij tcb hkrhukt jkrst ebhrbfsb fle tcbl ] sbrkbs FH hkrhukt, tcb klhrbfsbs.
(M)
Kj tcb lbt rbfhtflhb ij fl @ 0 H 0 0 ] sbrkbs FH hkrhukt hkrhukt ks sfdb fs kts rbskstflhb, tcbl tcb hurrblt `fas mbckle tcb vi`tfab my 52 .
(H)
Ft rbsilflhb, tcb kdpbeflhb ij fl FH hkrhukt hkrhukt mbhidbs purb`y rbskstkvb.
(E)
Mb`iw rbsilflhb, vi`tfab `bfes tcb hurrblt wck`b fmivb kt, hurrblt `bfes tcb vi`tfab.
ZDH/FH Hkrhukts
:;
CQU-1/_cyskhs
Zkeyfdflekr H`fssbs 66.
F rbskstir fle hfpfhktir frb hillbhtbe kl sbrkbs wktc fl FH siurhb. Kj tcb pitbltkf` erip fhriss tcb hfpfhktir ks 2 Z fle fle tcft fhriss rbskstir ks 6= Z , tcbl fpp`kbe vi`tfab ks 7 68 Z 61 Z (F) (M)
6=.
(H)
2 Z
(E)
6= Z
F hik` cfs sb`j kleuhtflhb @ 4?.?5 C fle fle rbskstflhb ] 6=Ϋ , hillbhtbe ti ==? Z , 2? Cz supp`y, wcft wk`` mb tcb hurrblt j`iw kl tcb hik`9 (F)
68.
(M)
6=.1 F
(H)
Ucb klstfltflbi klstfltflbius us vi`tfab vi`tfab tcriuac f ebvkhb ebvkhb ij kdpbeflhb kdpbeflhb =?Ϋ ks b (F)
65.
66.1 F
8 F
(M)
=.3=3 F
(H)
6?.1 F
(E)
65.1 F
3? skl6??Ϗ t . Ucb bjjbhtkvb vf`ub ij tcb hurrblt ks 7 6.18= F
(E)
5 F
F squfrb hik` ij skeb =2 hd cfvkla 6??? turls ks ritftbe wktc f ulkjird spbbe kl f dfalbtkh jkb`e fmiut fl fxks pbrpblekhu`fr ti tcb ekrbhtkil ij tcb jkb`e. Ft fl klstflt t , tcb bdj kleuhbe kl tcb hik` ks b =?? skl 6??Ϗ t . Ucb dfalbtkh kleuhtkil 7 (F)
62.
?.2? U
(M)
?.?= U
Kj fl f`tbrlftkla vi`tfab ks rbprbsbltbe fs B (F)
656 Z , :=3 Cz
ZDH/FH Hkrhukts
(M)
(H)
6?
8
U
(E)
?.?6U
656 skl :=3 t , tcbl tcb rds vf`ub ij tcb vi`tfab fle tcb jrbqublhy frb rbspbhtkvb`y.
6?? Z , 2? Cz
(H)
1?
6?? Z , 6?? Cz
(E)
656Z , 6?? 6?? Cz
CQU-1/_cyskhs
Zkeyfdflekr H`fssbs EFUB 7
UKDB 7 5? Dklutbs
DF]NX 7 ^ YYY /62T
UBXU HIEB 7 FH H] ^=T
XUF]U UKDB 7
BLE UKDB 7
UKDB UFNBL7
_F]BLU‛X XKALFUR]B 7
Ucks tbst hiltfkls f titf` titf` ij 62 Imgbhtkvb Uypb Vubstkils. Bfhc qubstkil hfrrkbs hfrrkbs 6 dfrn. dfrn. Ucbrb ks LI LBAFUKZB dfrnkla. dfrnkla.
Hciisb tcb hirrbht f`tbrlftkvb. Il`y ilb hcikhb ks hirrbht. 6.
=.
F`tbrlftkvb hurrblt hfllit mb dbfsurbe my EH fddbtbr fddbtbr mbhfusb 7 (F)
hfllit pfss tcriuac EH fddbtbr fddbtbr FH hfllit
(M)
hcflabs ekrbhtkil FH hcflabs
(H)
fvbrfab vf`ub ij hurrlbt jir hidp`btb hyh`b ks zbri
(E)
EH fddbtbr wk`` abt efdfabe
Ucb hurrblt k pfssbe kl fly klstrudblt kl fl FH hkrhukt ks k Z
tcb klstrudblt klstrudblt ks 7 2 his ϋ t Z . _iwbr `iss kl tcb
(F) 8.
= skl ϋt F fle pitbltkf` ekjjbrblhb fpp`kbe ks akvbl my
6? Q
(M)
2 Q
(H)
zbri Q
(E)
=? Q
Fl FH vi`tfab vi`tfab siurhb ij vfrkfm`b flau`fr jrbqublhy ϋ fle jkxbe fdp`ktueb Z ? ks hillbhtbe kl sbrkbs wktc f hfpfhktflhb H fle fle fl b`bhtrkh mu`m ij rbskstflhb ] (kleuhtflhb zbri). Qcbl ϋ ks klhrbfsbe (F) (H)
5.
tcb mu`m a`iws ekddbr titf` kdpbeflhb ij tcb hkrhukt ks ulhcflabe
(M) (E)
tcb mu`m a`iw mrkactbr li hcflab kl mrkactlbc.
Kl f sbrkbs @ - H - ] hk hkrhukt ] =?? Ϋ fle tcb vi`tfab vi`tfab fle fle tcb jrbqublhy jrbqublhy ij tcb dfkl dfkl supp`y supp`y ks ==? Z fle fle 2? Cz rbspbhtkvb`y. Il tfnkla tfnkla iut tcb hfpfhktf hfpfhktflhb lhb jrid tcb hkrhukt hkrhukt tcb hurrblt hurrblt `fas `fas mbckle tcb vi`tfab vi`tfab my 8? . Il tfnkla iut tcb kleuhtir jrid tcb hkrhukt hkrhukt tcb hurrblt hurrblt `bfes tcb tcb vi`tfab vi`tfab 8? . Ucb piwbr eksskpftbe kl tcb @-H - ] ] hkrhukt ks 7 8?2 Q =6? Q zbri =5= Q (F) (M) (H) (E)
2.
Kl f sbrkbs rbsilflt ] - @ - H hkrhukt, hkrhukt, tcb vi`tfab fhriss ] ks 6?? Z fle fle tcb vf`ub ij ] 6???Ϋ . Ucb hfpfhktflhb ij tcb hfpfhktir ks = 6?: J > flau`fr jrbqublhy ij FH ks =??rfe s 6 . Ucbl tcb pitbltkf` ekjjbrblhb fhriss tcb kleuhtflhb hik` ks 7 FH ks (F)
:.
6?? Z
(M)
5? Z
(H)
=2? Z
(E)
5?? Z
F hfpfhktir fle fl kleuhtflhb hik` frb hillbhtbe kl sbpfrftb FH hkrhukts hkrhukts wktc f mu`m a`iwkla kl mitc tcb hkrhukts. Ucb mu`m a`iws dirb mrkact`y wcbl
1.
(F)
fl kril rie ks kltrieuhbe klti tcb kleuhtflhb hik`
(M)
tcb ludmbr ij turls kl tcb kleuhtflhb hik` ks klhrbfsbe
(H)
sbpfrftkil mbtwbbl tcb p`ftbs ij tcb hfpfhktir ks klhrbfsbe
(E)
f ekb`bhtrkh ks kltrieuhbe klti tcb afp mbtwbbl tcb p`ftbs ij tcb hfpfhktir
F 2? Z FH ks fpp`kbe fhriss fl ] -H (sbrkbs) (sbrkbs) lbtwirn. Ucb rds vi`tfab fhriss tcb rbskstflhb ks 5? Z , tcbl tcb pitbltkf` fhriss tcb hfpfhktflhb wiu`e mb 7 (F)
3.
(M)
=? Z
(H)
8? Z
(E)
5? Z
F purb kleuhtkvb hik` ij 8? dC ks ks hillbhtbe ti fl FH siurhb siurhb ij ==? Z, 2? Cz. Ucb rds hurrblt kl tcb hik` ks (F)
;.
6? Z
2?.82 F
(M)
=8.5 F
(H)
8?.2 F
(E)
6=.8 F
Kl tcb hkrhukt sciwl mb`iw wcft wk`` mb tcb rbfeklas ij tcb vi`tdbtbr fle fddbtbr9 (Uitf` kdpbeflhb ij hkrhukt W 6??Ϋ ) (F)
=?? Z , 6 F
(M)
3?? Z , = F
(H)
6?? Z , = F
(E)
==?Z , =.= F
ZDH/FH Hkrhukts
16
CQU-1/_cyskhs
Zkeyfdflekr H`fssbs 6?.
Kl tcb hkrhukt sciwl kl jkaurb lba`bhtkla siurhb rbskstflhb, tcb vi`tdbtbr fle fddbtbr rbfeklas wk`` mb rbspbhtkvb`y ? Z , 8 F (F)
66.
(M)
62? Z , 8 F
(H)
62? Z , : F
(E)
?Z , 3 F
Xtftbdblt 6 7
Kl f sbrkbs ] - @ - H hkrhukt hkrhukt tcb vi`tfabs fhriss rbskstir, kleuhtir fle hfpfhktir frb 3 Z , 6:Z fle fle 6?Z rbspbhtkvb`y. rbspbhtkvb`y. Ucb rbsu`tflt bdj kl tcb hkrhukt ks 6?Z .
Xtftbdblt = 7
]bsu`tflt bdj ij tcb hkrhukt ks akvbl my tcb rb`ftkil B
=
(F)
Xtftbdblt-6 ks Urub, Xtftbdblt-= ks Urub fle Xtftbdblt-= ks f hirrbht bxp`flftkil jir Xtftbdblt-6
(M)
Xtftbdblt-6 ks Urub, Xtftbdblt-= ks Urub fle Xtftbdblt-= ks LIU f hirrbht bxp`flftkil jir Xtftbdblt-6
(H)
Xtftbdblt-6 ks Urub, Xtftbdblt-= ks Jf`sb Xtftbdblt-6 ks Jf`sb, Xtftbdblt-= ks Urub
(E)
6=.
Z ]= Z@ Z H
Kl fl @ -H - ] hkrhukt tcb vi`tfab fhriss @ , H fle fle ] ks ks 6? Z bfhc. bfhc. Kj tcb kleuhtir ks scirt hkrhuktbe, tcb vi`tfab fhriss tcb ] sbrkbs FH hkrhukt hfpfhktir wiu`e mbhidb.
68.
(F)
6?Z
(M)
(H)
=? =Z
(E)
=? = 6? =
Z Z
Fl @H hkrhukt hkrhukt hiltfkls f =? dC kleuht kleuhtir ir fle fle f 2?² J hfpfhktir wktc fl klktkf` hcfrab ij 6?dH . Ucb rbskstflhb ij tcb hkrhukt ks lba`kakm`b. @bt tcb klstflt tcb hkrhukt ks h`isbe mb t 4 4 ?. Ft wcft tkdb ks tcb blbray stirbe hidp`btb`y dfalbtkh 9 (F)
65.
4 ? t 4
(M)
4 6.21 ds t 4
(H)
t - 8.65 ds
(E)
t 4 :.=3 ds
Xfdb hurrblt ks j`iwkla kl twi f`tbrlftkla hkrhukts. Ucb jkrst hkrhukt hiltfkls il`y kleuhtflhb fle tcb itcbr hiltfkls il`y f hfpfhktir. Kj tcb jrbqublhy ij tcb bdj ij FH ks klhrbfsbe, tcb bjjbht il tcb vf`ub ij tcb hurrblt hurrblt FH ks klhrbfsbs kl tcb jkrst hkrhukt fle ebhrbfsbs kl tcb itcbr
(F)
62.
(M)
klhrbfsbs kl mitc tcb hkrhukts
(H)
ebhrbfsbs kl mitc tcb hkrhukts
(E)
ebhrbfsbs kl tcb jkrst hkrhukt fle klhrbfsbs kl tcb itcbr
Jir f sbrkbs @-H - ] ] hkrhukt ft rbsilflhb, tcb stftbdblt wckhc ks lit rub ks 7 (F)
pbfn blbray stirbe my f hfpfhktir 4 pbfn blbray stirbe my fl kleuhtir
(M)
fvbrfab piwbr 4 fppfrblt piwbr
(H)
wftt`bss hurrblt ks zbri
(E)
piwbr jfhtir ks zbri
ZDH/FH Hkrhukts
1=
CQU-1/_cyskhs
Zkeyfdflekr H`fssbs EFUB 7
UKDB 7 5? Dklutbs
DF]NX 7 ^ YYY /62T
UBXU HIEB 7 FH H] ^8T
XUF]U UKDB 7
BLE UKDB 7
UKDB UFNBL7
_F]BLU‛X XKALFUR]B 7
Ucks tbst hiltfkls f titf` titf` ij 62 Imgbhtkvb Uypb Vubstkils. Bfhc qubstkil hfrrkbs hfrrkbs 6 dfrn. dfrn. Ucbrb ks LI LBAFUKZB dfrnkla. dfrnkla.
Hciisb tcb hirrbht f`tbrlftkvb. f`tbrlftkvb. Il`y ilb hcikhb ks hirrbht. 6.
Ucb rbsilflhb rbsilflhb jrbqublhy jrbqublhy ij tcb hkrhukt hkrhukt ij fl ishk``ftir wcbl wcbl @ (F)
=.
(M)
=2? nCz
Fl f`tbrlftkla vi`tfab b
6?
Ϗ=
(H)
=2 nCz
dC fle H
?.?5² J frb hillbhtbe kl pfrf``b` ks7 (E)
=.2 nCz
=2 DCz
=?? skl 6?t ks fpp`kbe ti f sbrkbs hidmklftkil ] 8?Ϋ fle fl kleuhtir ij 5?? dC . Ucb piwbr jfhtir
ij tcb hkrhukt ks 7 (F) 8.
5.
?.?6
?.=
(M)
(H)
?.?2
(E)
?.:
Qcft ks tcb vf`ub ij kleuhtflhb @ jir wckhc tcb hurrblt ks f dfxkdud ks f sbrkbs @-H - ] ] hkrhukt wktc H (F)
6?? dC
(M)
(H)
Hfllit mb hf`hu`ftbe ul`bss ] ks nliwl
(E)
6?² J fle ϋ 6??? s 6 9
6 dC 6? dC
Kl f hkrhukt @, H fle fle ] frb hillbhtbe kl sbrkbs wktc fl f`tbrlftkla vi`tfab siurhb ij jrbqublhy j . Ucb hurrblt `bfes tcb vi`tfab my 52 . Ucb vf`ub H ks ks 7 (F)
2.
]
Ϗ j =Ϗ j@
]
(H)
6 =Ϗ j =Ϗ j@ ]
(E)
6 Ϗ j =Ϗ j @
]
S H
S @ ?
S H ?
(M)
(H)
S H ?
(E)
S H
S @ ?
(H)
rbdfkls hilstflt
(E)
Lilb ij tcb fmivb
Kl @-H - ] rbskstflhb klhrbfsbs klhrbfsbs,, quf`kty jfhtir jfhtir 7 ] hkrhukt ks rbskstflhb (F)
1.
=Ϗ j =Ϗ j@
6
(M)
Kl @-H - ] ] sbrkbs hkrhukt tcb rbsilflhb hilektkil kl tbrds ij hfpfhktkvb rbfhtflhb ( S S H S @) ks 7 H) fle kleuhtkvb rbfhtflhb ( S (F)
:.
6
klhrbfsbs jklktb`y
ebhrbfsbs jklktb`y
(M)
Fl b`bhtrkh mu`m cfs f rftbe piwbr ij 2? Q ft ft 6?? Z . Kj kt ks usbe il FH siurhb siurhb ==? Z , 2? Cz, f hcinb cfs ti mb usbe kl sbrkbs sbrkbs wktc kt. Ucb sciu`e sciu`e cfvb fl kleuhtflhb kleuhtflhb ij 7 (F)
3.
?.6 dC
(M)
6 dC
(H)
Qcbl f EH vi`tfab vi`tfab ij =?? Z ks ks fpp`kbe ti f hik` ij sb`j-kleuhtflhb
?.6 C
(E)
6.6 C
= 8 C , f hurrblt ij 6 F j`iws tcriuac kt. Mut my rbp`fhkla Ϗ
siurhb wktc FH siurhb siurhb ij =?? Z , tcb hurrblt kl tcb hik` ks rbeuhbe ti ?.2. F Ucbl tcb jrbqublhy ij FH supp`y ks 7 EH siurhb FH supp`y 6?? Cz 12 Cz :? Cz 2? Cz (F) (M) (H) (E) ;.
Kl f @7- ] ] hkrhukt, tcb vf`ub ij @ ks
?.5 fle tcb vf`ub ij ] ks 8?Ϋ . Kj kl tcb hkrhukt, fl f`tbrlftkla bdj ij =?? Z ft ft 2? hyh`b/s ks ] ks Ϗ C fle
hillbhtbe, tcb kdpbeflhb ij tcb hkrhukt fle hurrblt wk`` mb 7 (F)
6?.
66.5Ϋ 61 .2 F
(M)
8?.1 Ϋ, : .2 F
(H)
5?.5Ϋ, 2 F
(E)
2?Ϋ, 5 F
Ucb lfturf` jrbqublhy ij fl @-H hkrhukt hkrhukt ks 6=2??? hyh`b/s. Ucbl tcb hfpfhktir H ks rbp`fhbe my flitcbr hfpfhktir wktc f ekb`bhtrkh dbekud ij ekb`bhtrkh hilstflt N . Kl tcks hfsb, tcb jrbqublhy ebhrbfsbs my =2n ks 7 Cz. Ucb vf`ub ij N N ks (F)
66.
8.?
(M)
=.6
(H)
6.2:
(E)
6.1
Ucb kleuhtflhb ij tcb ishk``ftiry hkrhukt ij f rfeki stftkil ks 6? dC fle fle kts hfpfhkt hfpfhktflh flhbb ks ?. =2² J . Ufnkla tcb bjjbht ij rbskstflhb 6 lba`kakm`b, wfvb`blatc ij mrifehfstbe wfvbs wk`` mb (vb`ihkty ij `kact 8.? 6?3 ds ds Ϗ 86.8 ) (F)
;. 5= 5= 6?5 d
ZDH/FH Hkrhukts
(M)
63. 3 6?5 d
(H)
18
5.2 6?5 d
(E)
Lilb ij tcbsb
CQU-1/_cyskhs
Zkeyfdflekr H`fssbs 6=.
Kl fl @-H - ] ti =H . Jir tcb rbsilflt jrbqublhy ti rbdfkl ulhcflabe, tcb kleuhtflhb kleuhtflhb sciu`e ] hkrhukt, hfpfhktflhb ks hcflabe jrid H ti mb hcflabe jrid @ ti 5 @ (F)
68.
62.
= @
(H)
@ /=
(E)
@ /5
Kl f hkrhukt hkrhukt tcb hurr hurrblt blt `fas `fas mbckl mbckle e tcb vi`tfa vi`tfabb my f pcfsb pcfsb ekjj ekjjbrb brblhb lhb ij ij Ϗ / = tcb hkrhukt wk`` hiltfkl wckhc ij tcb ji``iwkla9 (F)
65.
(M)
Il`y ]
(M)
Il`y H
(H)
] fle H
(E)
Il`y @
F hcinb ks prbjbrrbe prbjbrrbe ti f rbskstflhb rbskstflhb jir `kdktkla `kdktkla hurrblt hurrblt kl FH hkrhukt hkrhukt mbhfusb (F)
Hcinb Hcinb ks hcbfp hcbfp
(M)
Ucbrb ks li wfstfab wfstfab ij piwbr
(H)
Hcinb ks hidpfht hidpfht ks skzb skzb
(E)
Hcinb ks f aiie fmsirmbr fmsirmbr ij cbft
@bt H mb mb tcb hfpfhktflhb ij f hfpfhktir ekshcfrakla tcriuac f rbskstir ]. Xuppisb t 6 ks tcb tkdb tfnbl jir tcb blbray stirbe kl tcb hfpfhktir ti rbeuhbe ti cf`j kts klktkf` vf`ub ft t = ks tcb tkdb tfnbl jir jir tcb hcfrab ti rbeuhbe ti ilb-jiurtc kts klktkf` klktkf` vf`ub. Ucbl tcb t rftki 6 wk`` mb 7 t = (F)
6
ZDH/FH Hkrhukts
(M)
6 =
(H)
15
6 5
(E)
=
CQU-1/_cyskhs
Zkeyfdflekr H`fssbs EFUB 7
UKDB 7 5? Dklutbs
DF]NX 7 ^ YYY /62T
UBXU HIEB 7 FH H] ^5T
XUF]U UKDB 7
BLE UKDB 7
UKDB UFNBL7
_F]BLU‛X XKALFUR]B 7
Ucks tbst hiltfkls f titf` titf` ij 62 Imgbhtkvb Uypb Vubstkils. Bfhc qubstkil hfrrkbs hfrrkbs 6 dfrn. dfrn. Ucbrb ks LI LBAFUKZB dfrnkla. dfrnkla.
Hciisb tcb hirrbht f`tbrlftkvb. Il`y ilb hcikhb ks hirrbht. 6.
=.
Ucb piwbr `iss kl FH hkrhukt hkrhukt wk`` wk`` mb dklkdud dklkdud wcbl 7 (F)
]bskstflhb ]bskstflhb ks ckac, kleuhtflhb kleuhtflhb ks ckac
(M)
]bskstflhb ]bskstflhb ckac, kleuhtflhb kleuhtflhb ks `iw
(H)
]bskstflhb ]bskstflhb ks `iw, kleuhtflhb kleuhtflhb ks `iw
(E)
Lilb ij tcb fmivb
Kl fl FH hkrhuk hkrhukt, t, tcb hurrb hurrblt lt `fa `fass mbc mbckl kle e tcb tcb vi`t vi`tfa fabb my my Ϗ / 8 . Ucb hidpilblts ij tcb hkrhukt frb 7 ] fle @
(F) 8.
@ fle H
] fle H
(H)
(E)
il`y ]
F hkrhukt hkrhukt cfs f rbskstflh rbskstflhbb ij 6=Ϋ fle fl kdpbef kdpbeflhb lhb ij 62Ϋ . Ucb piwbr jfhtir jfhtir ij tcb hkrhukt hkrhukt wk`` mb 7 (F)
5.
(M)
?.3
(M)
?.5
(H)
(E)
6.=2
?.6=2
Fl @ - H - ] hkrhukt ij ] 6??Ϋ ks hillbhtbe ti fl FH siurhb siurhb 6?? Z , 2? Cz. Ucb dfalktueb ij pcfsb ekjjbrblhb mbtwbbl hurrblt fle vi`tfa vi`tfabb ks 8? . Ucb piwbr eksskpftbe kl tcb @-H - ] ] hkrhukt ks 7 2? Q
(F) 2.
:.
(M)
3:.: Q
6?? Q
(H)
(E)
=?? Q
Ucb piwbr jfhtir ij fl FH hkrhukt hkrhukt cfvkla rbskstflhb ] fle kleuhtflhb @ (hillbhtbe kl sbrkbs) fle fl flau`fr vb`ihkty ϋ ks7
=
ϋ = @=
6 / =
=
ϋ = @=
6 / =
(F)
] / ϋ@
(M)
] / ]
(H)
ϋ@ / ]
(E)
] / ]
Kl f sbrkbs @ - H - ] hkrhukt tcb jrbqublhy ij f 6? Z FH vi`tfab vi`tfab siurhb ks fegustbe kl suhc f jfsckil jfsckil tcft tcb rbfhtflhb ij tcb kleuhtir dbfs dbfsur urbs bs 62Ϋ fle tcft tcft ij tcb hfpfhktir hfpfhktir 66Ϋ . Kj ] 8Ϋ , tcb pitbltkf` ekjjbrblhb fhriss tcb sbrkbs hidmklftkil ij @ wk`` @ fle H wk`` mb7 3 Z
(F) 1.
(M)
6? Z
== Z
(H)
(E)
2= Z
F hkrhukt erfwl 88? Q jird jird f 66? Z , :? Cz FH `klb. `klb. Ucb piwbr jfhtir ks ?.: fle tcb hurrblt `fas tcb vi`tfab. Ucb hfpfhktflhb ij f sbrkbs hfpfhktir tcft wk`` rbsu`t kl f piwbr jfhtir ij ulkty ks bqu f` ti 7 (F)
3.
;.
86 ² J
(M)
25 ² J
(H)
626 ² J
(E)
=?6 ² J
Ucb hurrblt wckhc eibs lit hiltrkmutb ti tcb piwbr hilsudbe kl fl FH hkrhukt hkrhukt ks hf``be (F)
lil-kebf` hurrblt
(M)
wftt`bss hurrblt
(H)
hilvbhtkilf` hurrblt
(E)
kleuhtflhb hurrblt
Kl FH hkrhukt f rbskstflhb ij ] Ϋ ks hillbhtbe kl sbrkbs wktc fl kleuhtflhb @ . Kj tcb pcfsb ekjjbrblhb mbtwbbl tcb hurrblt fle vi`t vi`tfa fabb ks ks 52 , tcb kleuhtkvb rbfhtflhb wk`` mb 7 ] /=
(F) 6?.
(M)
] /5
(H)
]
(E)
Lilb ij tcb fmivb
Kl fl FH ablbrftir, ablbrftir, f hik` wktc L turls, turls, f`` ij tcb sfdb frbf F fle titf` rbskstflhb ], ritftbs wktc jrbqublhy ϋ kl f dfalbtkh jkb`e M. Ucb dfxkdud vf`ub ij bdj ablbrftbe kl tcb hik` ks7 (F)
LFM]ϋ
ZDH/FH Hkrhukts
(M)
LFM
(H)
12
LFM]
(E)
LFM ϋ
CQU-1/_cyskhs
Zkeyfdflekr H`fssbs 66.
Kl FH hkrhukt kl wckhc kleuhtflhb fle hfpfhktflhb frb giklbe kl sbrkbs. Hurrblt ks jiule ti mb dfxkdud wcbl tcb vf`ub ij kleuhtflhb ks ?.2 C fle fle tcb vf`ub vf`ub ij hfpfhktflhb hfpfhktflhb ks 3² J . Ucb flau`fr jrbqublhy ij fpp`kbe f`tbrlftkla vi`tfab wk`` mb 7 (F)
6=.
(M)
5??? Cz
2??? Cz
(H)
= 6?2 Cz
(E)
2?? Cz
Kl FH hkrhukt f rbskstflhb ij ] Ϋ ks hillbhtbe kl sbrkbs wktc fl kleuhtflhb @ . Kj tcb pcfsb ekjjbrblhb mbtwbbl tcb hurrblt fle vi`t vi`tfa fabb ks ks :? , tcb kleuhtkvb rbfhtflhb wk`` mb 7 (F)
68.
65.
62.
(M)
] /=
] /5
(H)
8 ]
(E)
Lilb ij tcb fmivb
Ucb hurrblt wckhc eibs lit hiltrkmutb ti tcb piwbr hilsudbe kl fl FH hkrhukt hkrhukt ks hf``be (F)
Lil-kebf` hurrblt
(M)
Qftt`bss Qftt`bss hurrblt hurrblt
(H)
Hilvbhtkilf` Hilvbhtkilf` hurrblt hurrblt
(E)
Kleuhtflhb Kleuhtflhb hurrblt hurrblt
Ucb piwbr `iss kl FH hkrhukt hkrhukt wk`` mb dklkdud wcbl (F)
rbskstflhb ks ckac, kleuhtflhb ks ckac
(M)
rbskstflhb ckac, kleuhtflhb ks `iw
(H)
rbskstflhb ks `iw, kleuhtflhb ks `iw
(E)
Lilb ij tcb fmivb
Qcbl fl FH siurhb siurhb ij bdj b
b fle tcb hurrblt B? skl 6??t ks hillbhtbe fhriss f hkrhukt, tcb pcfsb ekjjbrblhb mbtwbbl tcb bdj b
k kl tcb hkrhukt ks imsbrvbe ti mb
Ϗ 5
, fs sciwl kl tcb ekfarfd. Kj tcb hkrhukt hilsksts pisskm`y il`y ij ] ir ]- @ kl sbrkbs, ] -H ir @ ir @-H kl
jkle tcb rb`ftkilsckp mbtwbbl tcb twi b`bdblts.
6n Ϋ H 6? ² J
(F)
]
(M)
] 6n Ϋ H
(H)
]
(E)
] 6n Ϋ, @ 6 C
ZDH/FH Hkrhukts
6 ² J
6n Ϋ @ 6? C
1:
CQU-1/_cyskhs
