IT Passport Preparation Book

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013

IT Papa sspor t EBook xam Pre ration

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 CONTENTS

About this Book ................................................................... 1 Overview of Examination .................................................... 4 Scope of Questions.............................................................. 8

IT Passport

Strategy ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 12

Chapter 1

Corporate and legal affairs............................ 14

1-1 Corporate activities ---------------------------------------- 15 1-1-1 1-1-2

Management and organization ..................... ..................... ... 15 OR (Operations Research) and IE (Industrial Engineering)... . 21

1-1-3

Accounting and financial affairs .................. ..................... ... 37

1-2 Legal affairs --------------------------------------------------- 43 1-2-1 1-2-2

Intellectual property rights.................... ..................... ........... 43 Laws on security .................. ..................... ..................... ........ 48

1-2-3

Laws on labor and transaction ..................... ..................... ... 49

1-2-4

Other legislation, guidelines, and engineer ethics ............. 52

1-2-5

Standardization .................... ..................... ..................... ........ 56

1-3 Chapter quiz --------------------------------------------------- 60

i

Chapter 2

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-01364 Business strategy ..........................................

2-1 Business strategy management --------------------- 65 2-1-1

Business strategy techniques .................... ..................... ..... 65

2-1-2

Marketing ..................... ..................... ..................... ................. 70

2-1-3

Business strategy and goal/evaluation .................... ........... 72

2-1-4

Business management systems .................... ..................... . 74

2-2 Technological strategy management ------------- 75 2-2-1

Technological strategy planning and technology development planning .................. ..................... .................... 75

2-3 Business industr y---------------------------------------------77 2-3-1

Business system.................... ..................... ..................... ...... 77

2-3-2

Engineering system ................... ..................... ..................... .. 82

2-3-3

E-business ................... ..................... ..................... ................. 83

2-3-4

Consumer appliances and industrial devices ..................... 85

2-4 Chapter quiz --------------------------------------------------- 86 Chapter 3

System strategy ............................................. 90

3-1 System strategy --------------------------------------------- 91 3-1-1

Concept of information systems strategy .................... ....... 91

3-1-2

Concept of business process ..................... ..................... ..... 92

3-1-3

Solution business ..................... ..................... ..................... ... 99

3-2 System planning ------------------------------------------- 102 3-2-1

Computerization planning................... ..................... ........... 102

3-2-2

Requirements definition ................... ..................... .............. 104

3-2-3

Procurement planning and implementation .................... .. 105

3-3 Chapter quiz ------------------------------------------------- 109

ii


IT Passport

Management --------------------------------------------------------------112

Chapter 4

Development technology ............................. 114

4-1 System development technology ----------------- 115 4-1-1

Process of system development .................. ..................... . 115

4-1-2

Software estimation .................... ..................... .................... 125

4-2 Software development management techniques ---------------------------------------------------- 126 4-2-1

Software development process and methods .................. 126

4-3 Chapter quiz ------------------------------------------------- 129 Chapter 5

Project management ................................... 130

5-1 Project management ------------------------------------ 131 5-1-1

Project management................... ..................... .................... 131

5-1-2

Project scope management ................... ..................... ........ 133

5-2 Chapter quiz ------------------------------------------------- 138 Chapter 6 Service management ................................... 140 6-1 Service management------------------------------------ 141 6-1-1

Service management… ……………………………………… 141

6-1-2

Service support .................... ..................... ..................... ...... 143

6-1-3

Service delivery.................... ..................... ..................... ...... 144

6-1-4

Facility management .................. ..................... .................... 146

6-2 System audit------------------------------------------------- 147 6-2-1

System audit..................... ..................... ..................... .......... 147

6-2-2

Internal control ..................... ..................... ..................... ...... 150

6-3 Chapter quiz ------------------------------------------------- 152

iii


IT Passport

Technology ---------------------------------------------------------------- 154

Chapter 7

Basic theory ................................................. 156

7-1 Basic theory ------------------------------------------------- 157 7-1-1

Discrete mathematics .................... ..................... ................. 157

7-1-2

Applied mathematics .................... ..................... .................. 162

7-1-3

Theory of information ................... ..................... .................. 166

7-2 7-2-1 AlgoriData thms and programming ----------------------- 171 structures................... ..................... ..................... ........ 171 7-2-2

Algorithms ................... ..................... ..................... ............... 174

7-2-3

Programming and programming languages ................... .. 179

7-2-4

Markup languages ..................... ..................... .................... . 180

7-3 Chapter quiz ------------------------------------------------- 183 Chapter 8

Computer system ......................................... 186

8-1 Computer component ----------------------------------- 187 8-1-1

Processor .................... ..................... ..................... ............... 187

8-1-2

Storage device .................... ..................... .................... ........ 190

8-1-3

Input/Output devices .................... ..................... .................. 199

8-2 System component --------------------------------------- 204 8-2-1

System configuration ................... ..................... .................. 204

8-2-2

System evaluation indexes .................. ..................... .......... 208

8-3 Software ------------------------------------------------------- 212 8-3-1

OS (Operating System)..................... ..................... .............. 212

8-3-2

File management.................... ..................... ..................... .... 214

8-3-3

Development tools ..................... ..................... .................... . 218 OSS (Open Source Software) ......................... .................... 221

8-3-4

8-4 Hardware ------------------------------------------------------ 223 8-4-1

Hardware.................. ..................... ..................... ................... 223

8-5 Chapter quiz ------------------------------------------------- 229

iv

Chapter 9

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 Technology element .................................... 234

9-1 Human interface ------------------------------------------- 235 9-1-1

Human interface technology................... ..................... ....... 235

9-1-2

Interface design .................... ..................... ...................... .... 236

9-2 Multimedia ---------------------------------------------------- 240 9-2-1

Multimedia technology .................... ...................... .............. 240

9-2-2

Multimedia application .................... ..................... ............... 243

9-3 Database------------------------------------------------------- 247 9-3-1

Database architecture ...................... ..................... .............. 247

9-3-2

Database design ................... ..................... ...................... .... 250

9-3-3

Data manipulation .................... ...................... ...................... 253

9-3-4

Transaction processing................... ...................... .............. 255

9-4 Network -------------------------------------------------------- 258 9-4-1

Network architecture .................... ..................... .................. 258

9-4-2

Communications protocols ................... ...................... ....... 267

9-4-3

Network application ..................... ...................... .................. 272

9-5 Security -------------------------------------------------------- 279 9-5-1

Information assets and information security .................... 279

9-5-2 9-5-3

Information security management .................... ................. 284 Information security measures/information security implementation technology ................... ...................... ....... 288

9-6 Chapter quiz ------------------------------------------------- 301 Practice exam .................................................................. 308 Practice exam 1...................... ...................... ..................... ................ 309 Practice exam 2...................... ...................... ..................... ................ 340 Practice exam 3...................... ...................... ..................... ................ 370

Index ................................................................................ 400

v

About thisITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 Book 1 Structure of this Book This book is comprised of the following sections.

Overview of Examination

Scope of Questions This section describes the basic approach for the examination questions and the scope of the examination questions.

Chapter 1 Corporate and legal affairs Chapter 1 explains the basic knowledge of corporate activities and business management that business workers should possess, as well as legal compliance and corporate ethics.

Chapter 2 Business strategy Chapter 2 explains typical systems in each field including typical information analysis techniques and marketing techniques, business management systems, and technological strategies.

Chapter 3 System strategy Chapter 3 details business processes, methods to improve business operations, the

flow

of infor-

mation system construction, the composition of a requirements definition aimed at computerization, and other items based on information systems strategy.

Chapter 4 Development technology Chapter 4 explains system development processes and test techniques, as well as software development processes and development methods.

Chapter 5 Project management Chapter 5 explains the processes of project management and techniques of project scope management.

Chapter 6 Service management Chapter 6 explains the basic roles and components of IT service management including the management of information system operations, service support, the concept of system environment development, and the basic principles of system audits.

1

Chapter 7 Basic theory


Chapter 7 explains the fundamental concepts of radixes, sets, probabilities, and statistics, as well as the digitization of information and algorithms.

Chapter 8 Computer system Chapter 8 examines computer components, system components, hardware, and software, and explains each type of component and their characteristics.

Chapter 9 Technology element Chapter 9 examines the characteristics of human interfaces and multimedia technology, basic knowledge about database design and networks, as well as security measures and other aspects.

Practice exam The practice exam includes practice questions for the IT Passport Examination.

Answers and Explanations Booklet The booklet contains answers and explanations for the chapter quiz (Chapters 1 to 9) and practice exam questions.

2 Notations Used in this Book The notations used in this book serve the following purposes. A short summary of useful information or terminology, or a citation of a subchapter for an explanation.

Reference

*

Supplementary notes or content to pay attention to

The text in this book may contain laws, standards and accounting rules that only apply in Japan.

2

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 3 Answers and Explanations Booklet The booklet at the end of this book contains answers and explanations for the chapter quiz and practice exam questions.

Practice exam 1 answers Q1.

Section

1-2 Legal affairs

Answer d Explanation If used within the scope covered by the license agreement, then it does not violate the Copyright Act.

Q2.

Section

2-1 Business strategy management

Answer d Explanation SWOT analysis is an analysis technique used for planning corporate strategies. The “S” stands for strengths, and “W” for weaknesses.

Q3.

Section

1-1 Corporate activities

Answer a Explanation CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility ) refers to the responsibilities that a corporations should fulll to society. Many corporations publish their CSR approach through their Web page or publish a CSR report in order to earn the con dence of stakeholders.

Q4.

Section


Answer a Explanation The star of PPM is a product that requires investment with growth, but offers a high market growth rate and market share. b): Describes a dog. c): Describes a question mark. d): Describes a cash cow.

Q5.

Section

1-2 Legal affairs

Answer b Explanation a): Under a dispatch contract, the client company has the right to issue instructions to the dispatch employee, but matters concerning the dispatch contract such as paid leave and overtime must be cleared rst with the dispatching company. c): Even if erroneous entry of data into a product management system leads to the production of defective goods, the right to issue instructions lies with the client company. Therefore, the client company cannot blame the responsibility for the manufactured goods on the dispatching company. d): Instructing an employee to work overtime as if the person were an employee of the client company is a matter that concerns the dispatch contract, so the client company must obtain the approval of the dispatching company.

19

Section

1 ●

Section

Sections that are applicable to this book.

3

1


Overview of Examination

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 Overview of Exam

1 Typical Examinees Individuals who have basic knowledge of information technology that all business workers should commonly possess, and who perform information technology related tasks, or are trying to utilize information technology in his/her tasks in charge.

2 Tasks and Roles Individuals who have basic knowledge of information technology that all business workers should commonly possess, and who perform information technology related tasks, or are trying to utilize information technology in his/her tasks in charge.Chapter 5 explains the processes of project management and techniques of project scope management. ① Understand information devices and systems to use, and utilize them. ② Understand the tasks in charge, identi fies problems of those tasks, and act to provide required

solutions. ③ Perform acquisition and utilization of information safely. ④ Support task analysis and systemization activities under the guidance of superiors.

3 Expected Technology Level The following basic knowledge shall be required as a working person in order to determine information devices and systems, and to perform tasks in charge as well as facilitate systemization. ① Knowledge of computer systems and networks to determine the information devices and sys-

tems to use, and knowledge of how to utilize of fice tools. ② Knowledge of corporate activity and related tasks in order to understand the tasks in charge. Also, in order to identify issues of the tasks in charge and provide required solutions, systematic thinking and logical thinking as well as knowledge of problem analysis and problem solving methodologies shall be required. ③ Ability to act in accordance with relevant laws and regulations as well as various information security provisions in order to utilize information safely. ④ Knowledge of development and operations of information systems in order to support analysis and systemization of tasks.

5

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 4 Supplementary Explanation of Expected Technology Level The following basic knowledge shall be required as a working person in order to determine information devices and systems, and to perform his/her tasks in charge as well as facilitate systemization. ① Understand and utilize the information equipment and systems to be used: • Capability to understand the performance, characteristics, and functions of the information

devices used in the workplace and utilize them appropriately. • Capability to understand the significance of the operations and functions of OS settings and application software such as of fice tools used in the workplace and be able to utilize them. fi

• Capability to utilize of ce tools and other application software and groupware used in the workplace considering efficiency in carrying out tasks. ② Understand the tasks in charge and the relevant problems, and execute requi-

site solutions: • Capability to organize processes related to the tasks in charge using methods such as task workflows, and to identify issues. • Capability to analyze data relating to the tasks in charge using simple analytical methods and information technology and identify issues. • For problematic issues identified, capability to consider solutions independently, and consider solutions by accepting the opinions of superiors and co-workers. ③ Collect and utilize information safely: • Capability to utilize various kinds of information relating to the tasks in charge in compli-

ance with laws and regulations. • Capability to understand the purpose of internal compliance programs and be able to conform to them. • Capability to prevent the leakage, loss or damage of information while utilizing internal information devices and systems, particularly through internet use. ④ Support computerization of tasks and systemization under the direction of su-

periors: • Capability to participate in the discussion concerning the investigation and organization of data relating to the tasks in charge under the direction of superiors. • Capability to participate in the discussion concerning the systematization of tasks in charge under the direction of superiors.

6

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 5 Configuration of the Examination ExamDuration

165minutes

Exam Type

Multiple-choice (1 out of 4 choices) (1) Short question type (1 exam question contains 1 question) (2) Medium question type (1 exam question contains 4 questions. The questions examine knowledge and understanding from several viewpoints with regard to a single situational setting).

Number of Questions

100 questions, answers required for all questions (1) Short question type: 88 questions (2) Medium question type: 12 questions (3 exam questions consisting of 4 subquestions each) Questions are asked according to the following ratio with regard to the 3 fields

Number of Questions per Field

7

comprising the scope of questions: (1) Strategy field: about 35% (2) Management field: about 25% (3) Technology field: about 40%

PointAllocation

1,000 total points

Grading Method

According to raw points (points are allocated for each question, and allocated points for correct answers are totaled)

Pass criteria

A pass is granted when both (1) and (2) below are satisfied: (1) Total points (totaled from each field): more than 60% of maximum points (2) Points in each field: more than 30% of the maximum points in each of the 3 fields.


Scope of Questions This section describes the basic approach for the examination questions and the scope of the examination questions.

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 Scope of Questions

1 Basic Approach for Examination Questions The following section summarizes the basic approach for questions that appear in the IT Passport Examination, in the respective fields of strategy, management, and technology. ① STRATEGY Questions in the examination are designed to test knowledge in the following areas: fundamental

terminology and concepts necessary to analyze computerization and corporate activities, as well as fundamental terminology and concepts described in information courses through post-secondary education and in general newspapers, books, and magazines. Also included are questions that test the fundamental knowledge of methods for solving problems by grasping and analyzing the work at hand, and the fundamental knowledge for utilizing of fice tools to analyze data and solve problems. ② MANAGEMENT Questions in the examination are designed to test knowledge of fundamental terminology and

concepts relating to systems development and project management processes. The exam does not include questions that test knowledge of speci fic and highly specialized terminology and concepts. Also included are questions that test the basic knowledge for considering the development of business environments such as using computers, networks, and of fice tools. ③ TECHNOLOGY

Questions in the examination are designed to test knowledge of fundamental terminology and concepts, and the logical thought process of the examinee. The examination does not include questions of a technical and highly specialized nature. Also included are questions that test the fundamental knowledge for safely using the systems on hand.

2 Scope of Questions Common Career/Skill Framework Field Major Category Middle Category y g te a tr S

1

Corporate and legal affairs

1

Corporate activities

Scope of questions to be asked (Concept of exam questions) • Ask about the fundamental concepts about corporate activities and business management. • Ask about the techniques for analyzing familiar business tasks and resolving issues, the concept of PDCA, and operational planning using techniques such as Pareto charts. • tasks, Ask about visual expressions used for understanding business flow. such the as work • Ask about the fundamental concepts of accounting and financial affairs, such as financial statements and break-even points.

2

9

Legal affairs

• Ask about the familiar laws of workplaces, such as intellectual property rights (copyright, industrial property rights, etc.), Act on the Protection of Personal Information, Labor Standards Act, and Act for Securing the Proper Operation of Worker Dispatching Undertakings and Improved Working Conditions for Dispatched Workers. • Ask about the concepts and characteristics of software license, such as license types and license management. • Ask about the concepts of corporate rules and regulations, such as compliance and corporate governance. • Ask about the significance of standardization.

Common Career/Skill Framework Field Major Category Middle Category y g te a rt S

2

Business strategy

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 Scope of questions to be asked (Concept of exam questions)

3

Business strategy management

• Ask about the fundamental concepts about typical management information analysis techniques and business management systems, such as SWOT analysis, PPM (Product Portfolio Management), customer satisfaction, CRM, and SCM. • Ask about the fundamental concepts relevant to marketing. • Ask about the typical information analysis techniques for planning business strategies. • Ask about the understanding of the use of office tools (software packages) such as spreadsheet software, database software, etc.

4

Technological strategy management

• Ask about the understanding of the significance and purpose of technology development strategy.

5

Business industry

• fiAsk characteristics of typical systems in various business eldsabout such the as e-commerce, POS systems, IC cards, and RFID application systems. • Ask about the characteristics of typical systems in the engineering filed and e-business. • Ask about the characteristics and trends of intelligent home appliances and embedded systems.

3

System strategy

6

System strategy

• Ask about the significance and purpose of information system strategies and the concepts of strategic goals, business improvement, and problem solving. • Ask about the concepts of typical modeling in business models. • Ask about the effective use of groupware for communication and of office tools. • Ask about the purpose and concepts of increasing operational efficiency by using computers and networks. • Ask about the concepts of solutions through typical services. • Ask about the significance and purpose of the promotion and evaluation activities of system utilization.

7

System planning

• Ask about the purpose of computerization planning. • Ask about the purpose of the operational requirements definition based on the analysis of current state. • Ask about the fundamental flow of procurement, such as estimates, RFPs, and proposals.

t n e m e g a n a M

4

Development technology

8

System development technology

• Ask about the fundamental flow of the process of software development such as requirements definition, system design, programming , testing, and software maintenance. • Ask about the concepts of the estimate in software development.

9

Software development management techniques

• Ask about the significance and purpose of typical development methods.

5

Project management

10

Project management

• Ask about the significance, purpose, concepts, processes, and methods of project management.

6

Service management

11 Service management

• Ask about the significance, purpose, and concepts of IT service management. • Ask about the understanding of related matters such as help desks. • Ask about the concepts about system environment maintenance, such as computers and networks.

12

• Ask about the significance, purpose, concepts, and target of system audit.

System audit

• Ask about the flow of system audit, such as planning, investigating, and reporting. • Ask about the significance, purpose, and concepts of internal control and IT governance. y g o l o n h c e T

7

Basic theory

13

Basic theory

• Ask about the fundamental concepts about radix including the characteristics and operations of binary numbers. • Ask about the fundamental concepts about sets, such as Venn diagrams, probability, and statistics. • Ask about the fundamental concepts of how to express information content, such as bits and bytes, and of digitization.

14

Algorithm and programming

• Ask about the fundamental concepts of algorithms and data structures, and how to draw flow charts. • Ask about the roles of programming. • Ask about the types and fundamental usage of markup languages, such as HTML and XML.

10

Common Career/Skill Framework Field Major Category Middle Category y g o l o n h c e T

8

9

Computer system

Technical element

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 Scope of questions to be asked (Concept of exam questions)

15 Computer component

• Ask about the fundamental configuration and roles of computers. • Ask about the performance and fundamental mechanism of processors, and the types and characteristics of memory. • Ask about the types and characteristics of storage media. • Ask about the types and characteristics of input/output interfaces, device drivers, etc.

16 System component

• Ask about the characteristics of system configurations, of the types of processing, and of the types of usage. • Ask about the characteristics of client/server systems. • Ask about the characteristics of Web systems. • Ask about the concepts of system performance, reliability, and economic efficiency.

17 Software

• Ask about the necessity, functions, types, and characteristics of OSs. • Ask about the concepts and use of basic functions of file management, such as access methods and search methods, and the fundamental concepts of backups. • Ask about the characteristics and fundamental operations of software packages, such as office tools. • Ask about the characteristics of OSS (Open Source Software).

18 Hardware

• Ask about the types and characteristics of computers. • Ask about the types and characteristics of input/output devices.

19 Human interface

• Ask about the concept and characteristics of interface design, such as GUI and menus. • Ask about the concepts of Web design. • Ask about the concepts of universal design.

20 Multimedia

• Ask about the types and characteristics of encodings such as JPEG, MPEG, and MP3. • Ask about the purpose and characteristics of application of multimedia technology, such as VR (Virtual Reality ) and CG (Computer Graphics). • Ask about the characteristics of media, and compression and decompression of information data.

21 Database

• agement Ask aboutsystems the signi(DBMS cance, ). purpose, and concepts of database man• Ask about the concepts of data analysis and design, and the characteristics of database models. • Ask about the manipulation methods such as data extraction. • Ask about database processing methods such as exclusive control and recovery processing.

22 Network

• Ask about the types and configurations of LAN and WAN regarding networks, and the roles of Internet and LAN connection devices. • Ask about the necessity of communication protocols, and the roles of typical protocols. • Ask about the characteristics and fundamental mechanism of the Internet. • Ask about the characteristics of e-mail and Internet services. • Ask about the understanding of the types and characteristics, accounting, and transmission rates of communication services, such as mobile communication and IP phones.

23 Security

• Ask about the fundamentals of information security from the viewpoint of safe and secure activities in a network society. • Ask about the information assets, the purpose of risk management, and the concepts of information security policy.

fi

• Ask about the concepts, types, and characteristics of technological security measures, such as measures against computer viruses. • Ask about the concepts, types, and characteristics of physical and human security measures, such as entrance/exit control and access control. • Ask about the types and characteristics of authentication technologies such as ID, password, callback, digital signature, and biometric authentication. • Ask about the mechanisms and characteristics of encryption technology such as public keys and private keys.

11


Chapter

9 Technology element Chapter 9 examines the characteristics of human interfaces and multimedia technology, basic knowledge about database design and networks, as well as security measures and other aspects.

9-1 9-2 9-3 9-4 9-5 9-6

Human interface ................................ 235 Multimedia ......................................... 240 Database ........................................... 247 Network ............................................. 258 Security ............................................. 279 Chapter quiz ...................................... 301

9-1

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 Human interface

9-1-1 Human interface technology A “human interface” is the point of contact between a human and a computer. Speci fically, it refers to the layout of the screen, form, and methods of operating the computer when the system is used. During the systems architecture design stage of system development, it is important to create a human interface that considers ease of use from the user’s perspective, and it is necessary to learn the techniques and procedures for designing such an interface. 1

GUI

A “GUI” is a human interface that makes heavy use of graphics to present information visually, and enables basic operations to be performed by using pointing devices such as a mouse. The elements that comprise a GUI are summarized below. ①Window

②Menu bar

Reference

Help function The “help function” is an operational guide that provides on-screen instructions for system operations and other tasks.

③Text box ④Radio button ⑤Pull-down menu

⑥Check box ⑦Command button

*The above screen is an example from Windows Vista. ① Window .....................Small, stand-alone screen provided within the op-

erational screen. Text and images are displayed here. ② Menu bar ..................Displays menu names. When a menu name is selected, a list of corresponding commands is displayed.

235


③ Text box ....................Text and number data is entered here using the

keyboard. ④ Radio button.............One item is selected from a list of several. If a different item is selected, the previous one will be unselected automatically. ⑤ Pull-down menu .......Displays the selected menu by opening downward on the screen from the menu heading. ⑥ Check box .................Applicable items are selected from a list of sever-

al. Either a single item or multiple items can be selected. Alternatively, each individual item may have an ON and OFF option to select from. ⑦ Command button .....Performs the corresponding action when selected.

List box .....................One or more items are selected from a list of sev-

eral. Effective when there are more items than

C h a p te r

will fit in a radio button or check box list. Icon............................A picture or symbol representing a file or command. Can be used to launch applications, open files, etc. Pop-up menu ............A menu di spla yed in a n arbit rary pl ace on th e screen while preserving the current contents. Also

9

referred to as a “short-cut menu.”

9-1-2 Interface design

Reference

T e c h n o lo g y e le m e n t

Source document

Interface design can be broken down into “screen design” and “form design.” Screen design

Designs scr een ite ms and layout for data entry, and k eyboard and mouse operations, etc.

Form design

Designs layout for pages and source documents, and contents to be printed, etc.

A “source document” is a form for prefilling the data to be entered on the computer. The necessary items, boxes, etc. are printed to make it easier tofill out.

Reference

Points of consideration for interface design Clarify the purpose of the data to be printed and the items included. Next, clarify what data must be entered for it to be printed. ● Clarify whether the user of the input screen or recipient of the form is an employee or customer, and adjust the format accordingly. ● Select an appropriate human interface according to user proficiency. ● Select the input/output device according to the contents. ● Minimize the response time and turnaround time, and take steps to ensure that a long time is not spent waiting for the data to be processed. ● Clarify how to deal with erroneous operations and system failures. ● Take steps to ensure that the data entered is not leaked outside the company. ●

236

1

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 Screen design

The input screen is the interface most used in a system by users. An easy-to-use input screen should be designed from the standpoint of the user. The procedures for designing an input screen are as follows. Reference

Function key

Standardize the items common to each of the screens

Screen standardization such as the position of the title and function key assignment.

A “function key” is a key on the keyboard that has been assigned a specific function. Also referred to as a “PF key.” Depending on the type of keyboard, Screen systematization

they may be given labels such as “PF1” or “F1.”

Reference

Default value A “def aul t val ue” is a val ue tha t has been pre-set. When entering data, the default value can be overwritten.

Design the flow and hierarchical relationship between related screens. After the screens have been systematized, create a “screen hierarchy chart” and “screen transition chart.”

Screen item definition and layout design

Decide on the position of items on the screen, default values, input methods, etc.

Example: Conference room reservation system screen design Screen hierarchy chart Main

Reference

Main The “main” screen is the first screen that is displayed when using the system. All available functions are listed in the form of a menu. For this reason, it is also called the “main menu.”

Reservation

Cancelation

Inquiry

Event exhibition information

Availability

Screen transition chart

Availability Reservation

Main Inquiry

Cancelation

237

Event exhibition information

··· Shows that the screen can be moved

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 Chapter quiz

9-6

*See page X in the “Answers and Explanations” booklet for the correct answers.

9-1

Which of the following is the appropriate GUI (Graphical User Interface) component used to select one from multiple alternatives? a) b) c) d)

9-2

In screen design, in which of the following situations would it be better to select an option from a list of candidates than enter data directly? a) b) c) d)

9-3

Scroll bar Push button Progress bar Radio button

In the situation where each input item must be checked or corrected In the situation where large amounts of data such as sentences are entered In the situation where many different values are valid as input data In the situation where the types and content of input data are limited

When Web pages are created with due consideration for ease of use, which of the following points should be kept in mind?

a) The fundamental screen structure and buttons should be displayed and placed in an easily understood manner on each page, without unifying the whole website. b) When there are many options, they should be divided into groups or hierarchies to make them easy to select. c) The title of a page should be named so that the developer can understand easily when the page contents are updated. d) When you want the user to move to another page, you should make the page switch automatically, rather than prompt the user to select the link for the destination.

301

9-4


Which of the following is the appropriate description concerning the JPEG format? a) b) c) d)

9-5

Which of the following is a device that is used for catching image projected from imaging equipment such as a video cassette recorder and storing it on a computer as digital data? ) ab) c) d)

9-6

It is an encoding format for images with up to 256 colors. It is an encoding format for audio. It is an encoding format for static images. It is an encoding format for video.

Capture Scanner card Sound card Tablet

Which of the following is the appropriate explanation of virtual reality? a) It enables recognition of the overall picture immediately not by displaying an image from the top gradually but by displaying a coarse mosaic-like image first and then displaying a clear and vivid image gradually. b) It enables seeing and hearing the objects and spaces that are generated by computers like the actual world using computer graphics etc. c) Instead of the wind tunnel test used for the design of cars and airplanes, it conducts simulation tests using computers. d) It creates the composite image of scenery and people shot separately to make an im-

C h a p te r

9

T e c h n o lo g y e le m e n t

age that is different from the real world.

9-7

Which of the following is appropriate as a role that a database management system plays? a) b) c) d)

It compresses data to increase the available capacity of a disk. It encrypts the data transmitted to a network. It enables multiple computers to share a magnetic disk. It enables multiple users to share a large amount of data.

302


Practice exam The practice exam includes practice questions for the IT Passport Examination.

Practice exam 1 ......................................... 309 Practice exam 2 ......................................... 340 Practice exam 3 ......................................... 370


Practice exam 1 *See page 19 in the “Answers and Explanations” booklet for the correct answers.

Strategy Q1.

Which of the following is the appropriate description concerning intellectual property rights of Web pages that use the Internet? a) Information on a Web page is not considered a “transmission” under the Copyright

b)

c)

d)

Q2.

Which of the following represents the “S” and “W” in SWOT analysis? a) b) c) d)

Q3.

Schedule and Workings Security and Web System and Workflow Strengths and Weaknesses

Which of the following describes the practice of meeting social responsibilities by acting in the interests of the public, practicing information disclosure, and gaining the understanding of stakeholders such as customers and shareholders? a) b) c) d)

309

Act because the information is only sent from the server to the client when the user sends a request to view the Web page. Using an image scanner to capture a pinup image from a magazine, and posting it on a Web page is not considered socially acceptable behavior, but it is not a violation of the Copyright Act under existing legislation. A Web page features a collection of works from other people based around a central theme. If you sample certain contents with the Web page creator’s consent, it is not a violation of the Copyright Act. You purchase a design contents compilation that includes image data and illustrations from a software retailer. If you use the contents for creating your company’s Web page within the scope covered by the license agreement, it is not a violation of the Copyright Act.

CSR RFP ROE Corporate philosophy


IT Passpor t Exam Preparation Book

Answers and Explanations

CONTENTSITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013

Chapter quiz answers ........................................ 2 Chapter 1 Corporate and legal affairs -------------------- 2 Chapter 2 Business strategy --------------------- ----------- 3 Chapter 3 System strategy -------------------- -------------- 6 Chapter 4 Development technology ---------------------- 8 Chapter 5 Project management ------------------ ---------- 9 Chapter 6 Service management ---------------- ---------- 10 Chapter 7 Basic theory --------------------------- -----------11 Chapter 8 Computer system ----------------- ------------- 13 Chapter 9 Technology element ------------------- -------- 15

Practice exam answers ................................... 19 Practice exam 1 ------------------ ------------------ ------------- 19 Practice exam 2 ----------------- ------------------ -------------- 38 Practice exam 3 ----------------- ------------------ -------------- 57

1

ITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 Chapter quiz answers

Chapter 1 Corporate and legal affairs Q1-1.

c

Answer Explanation A project organization is structured from personnel who possess the required skills and experience, selected from different departments. It is only intended as a temporary organization and is disbanded once its purpose is accomplished.

Q1-2.

c

Answer Explanation There are no preceding activities for activity A and activity B. Since activity A and activity B are the preceding activities for activity D, the correct Answer is c ).

Q1-3.

c

Answer Explanation A chart that contains both a bar graph and line graph is called a Pareto chart. The bars show the values of tabulated data by item in ascending order, and the line shows the cumulative totals of the items. It is frequently used for sales analysis and inventory management.

Q1-4.

c

Answer Explanation From top to bottom, the shaded boxes correspond to “Gross pro fit”, “Operating profit”, and “Current term net profit.” Ordinary profit is calculated by adding the operating pro fit and nonoperating income, then subtracting the non-operating expense.

Q1-5.

c

Answer Explanation Taking a photograph from a commercially available book of landscape pictures, and posting/ publishing the photograph on your Web page is an infringement on the rights of public transmission. Rights of public transmission are rights for broadcasting work or posting work on a Web page.

Q1-6.

d

Answer Explanation White papers are reports that are published by organizations such as the national government, local government institutions, and independent administrative agencies. For that reason, reproduction of white papers is recognized for use in explanatory documents, unless it is explicitly indicated that reproduction is prohibited. (Article 32.2 of the Copyright Act)

2


Practice exam 1 answers Q1.

Section

1-2 Legal affairs

Answer d Explanation If used within the scope covered by the license agreement, then it does not violate the Copyright Act.

Q2.

Section


Answer d Explanation SWOT analysis is an analysis technique used for planning corporate strategies. The “S” stands for strengths, and “W” for weaknesses.

Q3.

Section

1-1 Corporate activities

Answer a Explanation CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) refers to the responsibilities that a corporations should fulfill to society. Many corporations publish their CSR approach through their Web page or publish a CSR report in order to earn the confidence of stakeholders.

Q4.

Section


Answer a Explanation The star of PPM is a product that requires investment with growth, but offers a high market growth rate and market share. b): Describes a dog. c): Describes a question mark. d): Describes a cash cow.

Q5.

Section

1-2 Legal affairs

Answer b Explanation a): Under a dispatch contract, the client company has the right to issue instructions to the dispatch employee, but matters concerning the dispatch contract such as paid leave and overtime must be cleared first with the dispatching company. c): Even if erroneous entry of data into a product management system leads to the production of defective goods, the right to issue instructions lies with the client company. Therefore, the client company cannot blame the responsibility for the manufactured goods on the dispatching company. d): Instructing an employee to work overtime as if the person were an employee of the client company is a matter that concerns the dispatch contract, so the client company must obtain the approval of the dispatching company.

19

IT Passport ExamITPEC-2009-Bangkok-013 Preparation Book First Edition : November, 2009

•

Every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book. However, the information contained in this book is provided without any express, statutory, or implied warranties. Neither the author, translators, nor publishers will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused either directly or indirectly by the book.

•

All screenshots are used in accordance with Microsoft Corporation guidelines. -DOS Microsoft, Access, Excel, PowerPoint, Internet Explorer, Windows, Windows Vista, and MS are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.

•

•

All other company names and product names in the book are registered trademarks or trademarks of the respective companies.

•

TM and ® are omitted in the book.

•

All individual names, group names, product names, logos, contact information, e-mail addresses, locations, and events used as examples in the book are ctional and do not exist.

Original Japanese edition published by FUJITSU FOM LIMITED

（ISBN978-4-89311-798-4）

Copyright © 2009 FUJITSU FOM LIMITED Translation rights arranged with FUJITSU FOM LIMITED -TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION AGENCY, JAPAN Translation copyright © 2009 INFORMATION

-TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION AGENCY, JAPAN INFORMATION

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IT Passport Preparation Book

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