ISSUE - USE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION (STEEL)
INTEGRATED “BUS TERMINAL-CUMCOMMERCIAL COMPLEX” AT MOHALI THESIS REPORT 2010 – 11‟…
THESIS BY – GAURAV KUMAR, FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, GBTU, LUCKNOW
CERTIFICATE
FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, GBTU tagore marg, lucknow-226007
This is to certify that this thesis entitled
INTEGRATED” BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX AT MOHALI ”is the
bonfire work of Gaurav kumar & submitted by him in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Bachelor’s Degree in Architecture.
RECOMMENDED
ACCEPTED
(Thesis Advisor)
(Principal)
Thesis Examined (External Examiners)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my faculty members, for his concern, support and guidance throughout my thesis. He sorted out all my problems and queries and gave valuable suggestions to benefit my project.
I would like to take this opportunity to thank Proff. Mukul Singh, thesis coordinator and for approving my thesis and fulfilling the official formalities for the same.
I would also like to thank my jury members for their valuable criticism during the internal juries, which helped a lot in the completion of this thesis.
DEDICATED TO “MY IDEAL FATHER” AND
“ GOOGLE ” FOR THEIR ENCOURAGEMENT AND MORAL SUPPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION
…………
1-2
…………
3-6
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES METHODOLOGY SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS ISSUE USE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION i.e. (STEEL) CLIENT BRIEF, SITE STUDY & ANALYSIS
………… 7 - 13
LOCATION ANALYSIS SURROUNDINGS & APPROACH VEGETATION, SERVICES, TOPOGRAPHY & CLIMATE, ETC CASE STUDY
………… 14 - 34
ISBT KASHMERE GATE, DELHI ISBT SEC17, CHANDIGARH ANSAL PLAZA, DELHI LIT STUDY
………… 35 - 38
SUPER BUS TERMINAL, JALANDHAR INFERENCES
…………
39
STANDARDS
…………
40 - 41
TURNING CIRCUIT BUS BAY AREA BUS & CAR PARKING
HIRED MODE PARKING AREA ANALYSIS REQUIREMENTS AREA CALCULATION TRAFFIC FLOW ANALYSIS
………… …………
45
………… …………
42 - 44
46 - 47
48
FLOW CHART EVOLUTION OF IDEA, CONCEPT & SKETCHES
…………
49 - 55
CONCEPT ZONING SKETCHES WORKING MODELS DRAWING & DETAILS
…………
LAYOUT PLAN FLOOR PLANS ELEVATIONS SECTIONS 3 – D VIEWS & DETAILS………………………………….. ELECTIVES
…………
FIRE FIGHTING WORKING DRAWING BIBLIOGRAPHY
…………
56 - 58
INTRODUCTION Multiuse space concept Aim Objective Methodology Scope Limitation
1 INTRODUCTION………. TRANSPORTATION IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AID OF COMMUNICATION FROM ONE PLACE TO OTHER FOR VISITING PURPOSE OR IN THE SENSE OF TOURISM. A NUMBER OF FACTORS LIKE THE CONVENIENCE FROM ONE PLACE TO THE OTHER, PROMOTION OF TOURISM, FOR COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PLACES ETC. HAVE PREDICTED THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING SUCH AS ROADWAYS INDUSTRIES IN THE ASSENSE OF BUS TERMINALS. TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IMPROVES THE SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL PROGRESS AND FURTHER TRANSFORMS THE SOCIETY INTO AN ORGANIZED ONE. IT IS ONE OF THE ESSENTIAL SERVICES, VITAL FORCE FOR DETERMINING THE DIRECTION OF DEVELOPMENT. TO ACHIEVE THE DESIRED TRANSPORTATION BALANCE AND FOR THE SYSTEM TO BE EFFICIENT, IT IS ESSENTIAL TO PROVIDE ORGANIZED FACILITIES IN THE SYSTEM. AS TRANSPORTATION IS CONCERNED WITH THE MOVEMENT BETWEEN ORIGIN AND DESTINATION INVOLVES THE MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE AND GOODS, THERE IS NEED FOR AN ACCESS POINT IN THE SYSTEM FOR USE. “MULTIUSE SPACE CONCEPT” EFFICIENT USE OF SPACE FOR ENTERTAINMENT, SHOPPING & RELATED ACTIVITY, CONCEPT OF PLANNING OF DIFFERENT ACTIVITY EVOLUTION OF COMMERCIAL COMPLEX i.e. ANCIENT AGORA & MEDIEVAL PLAZA OF EUROPEAN CITIES INDIAN CONTEXT – INDIAN BAZZARS DAILY SHOPPING AT TERMINAL ITSELF RATHER THAN GOING TO MARKET PLACES AND THUS SAVE TIME. AIM TO ACHIEVE DESIGN EXCELLENCE AND TO COME UP WITH A PROTOTYPE DESIGN FOR A BUS TERMINAL FOR FUTURE AND URBAN SCENARIO WHERE SPACE WILL BECOME PRECIOUS COMMODITY & HIGH BUS TRIP WILL HAVE TO SUPPORT FROM SMALL SITE.FURTHER TO SAVE SPACE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES WILL BE INCORPORATE WITH BUS TERMINAL AND GIVE TO MOHALI A MISSING LANDMARK BUILDING. OBJECTIVE – PROVIDE AN ARCHITECTURE SOLUTION FOR INTEGRATING THE TERMINAL WITH COMMERCIAL COMPLEX.
2 ARCHITECTURE CONSIDERATION
TRANSPORTATION REGULATION
ECONOMIC STANDARD
TO PROVIDE FAST & UNDERSTANDING FLOW OF TRAFFIC. TO PROVIDE CLEAR SEGREGATION OF DIFFERENT TYPE OF TRAFFIC, NO CONGESTION AT PEAK HOUR. TO PROVIDE OPTIMUM CONNECTIONS BETWEEN ALL ELEMENTS AND SPACES, I.E. CLEAR CONNECTION OF FUNCTIONS. TO INCORPORATE TODAY’S COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM ETC. IN TO DESIGN METHODOLOGY
UNDERSTANDING BASIC NEED OF DESIGN, ITS SCOPE & LIMITATION NECESSARY DATA COLLECTED &ANALYSIS SITE ANALYSIS
CASE STUDY
LIT STUDY
STUDY OF SPATIAL
STDUY OF SPATIAL
STUDY OF SPATIAL
REQUIREMENT
INTERRELATIONSHIP
ORGANIZATION STUDY FLOW CIRCULATION OF PEOPLE & SERVICE
COMARATIVE ANLYSIS FRAMING REQUIREMENT EVOLUTION OF DESIGN CONCEPT BUILDING OF CONCEPT & DESIGN FINAL DESIGN SOLUTION
SCOPE & LIMITATION FRAMING REQUIREMENT FOR A MAX NOS. OF PASSENGER PER DAY IN BOTH DIRECTIONS STUDYING THE VARIOUS TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT IN THE FIELD OF SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM, ETC.
ISSUE OR THRUST AREA Use of material in true expression (Steel) Lit study - Pompidou center
3 ISSUE OR THRUST AREA USE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION (STEEL)
•
FROM FURNITURE TO RAILWAYS, CONSTRUCTION TO FARMING, ARCHITECTURE
TO AUTOMOBILES, SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS TO RAZOR BLADES, •
COINS TO AEROSPACE... STEEL IS EVERYWHERE.
•
WHEN STAINLESS STEEL WAS ACCIDENTALLY DISCOVERED BY AN ENGLISH METALLURGIST, HARRY REARLEY, IN AUGUST 1913,
NO ONE COULD HAVE THOUGHT THAT IT WOULD SO QUICKLY BECOME THE MATERIAL OF THE MODERN PROGRESSIVE WORLD IN SUCH A SHORT TIME. BUT IT DID. •
TO ADD A HIGH PROPORTION OF CHROMIUM - KNOWN TO HAVE A HIGH MELTING POINT- TO SEE IF IT WOULD INCREASE THE
RESISTANCE TO SUCH HIGH TEMPERATURE EROSION. •
STAINLESS STEEL IS AN IRON ALLOY WHICH CONTAINS A MINIMUM OF 11 PER CENT CHROMIUM BESIDES SOME OTHER
ADDITIVES LIKE NICKEL, MOLYBDENUM, TITANIUM, ALUMINIUM AND COPPER. •
STAINLESS STEEL IS ATTRACTIVE BECAUSE OF ITS RESISTANCE TO EROSION AND CORROSION; IT IS LIGHTWEIGHT WITHOUT
COMPROMISING STRENGTH. MOREOVER, IT IS HEAT RESISTANT, DURABLE, IMPACT RESISTANT, LOW MAINTENANCE, FLEXIBLE, HAS A LOW LIFE-CYCLE COST AND AN AESTHETIC APPEARANCE.
4 •
THE USES OF STEEL ARE DIVERSE AND PLENTY
•
THIS
METAL'S
AMAZING QUALITY OF BEING CORROSION RESISTANT IS DUE TO THE ADDITION OF CHROMIUM, WHICH FORMS A NATURAL OXIDE FILM ON ITS SURFACE. THIS PASSIVE FILM IS THINNER THAN A STRAND OF HAIR. •
THIS THIN ADHERING FILM IS IMPERVIOUS TO AIR AND WATER AND ACTS AS A PROTECTIVE LAYER WHICH IMMEDIATELY
REPAIRS ITSELF IF THE SURFACE IS DAMAGED, THUS PREVENTING CORROSION. THIS PHENOMENON IS CALLED 'PASSIVATION'. •
WHILE WE TAKE THE ROLE OF STAINLESS STEEL IN OUR DAILY LIVES FOR GRANTED, A HEARTENING FACT IS THAT THIS IS A 100 PER
CENT RECYCLABLE MATERIAL. THE MAIN SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL FOR STAINLESS STEEL IS RECYCLED METAL. OVER 50 PER CENT OF
5 NEW STAINLESS STEEL IS PRODUCED FROM RECYCLED SCRAP. THIS MEANS THAT THE NEW STAINLESS STEEL PRODUCT YOU BUY HAS BEEN PART OF A USEFUL PRODUCT IN THE SAME METAL IN AN EARLIER LIFE.THOUGH IT IS RECYCLED AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE, •
STAINLESS STEEL HAS FOUR BROAD CATEGORIES: MARTENSITIC, FERRITIC, AUSTENITIC AND DUPLEX.
•
AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL IS THE MOST WIDELY USED VARIETY BECAUSE OF ITS GOOD HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURE
•
PROPERTIES AND BECAUSE IT IS NON MAGNETIC.
6
CLIENT BRIEF & SITE ANALYSIS Client brief, Location analysis Surroundings Approach Site description Vegetation, services, topography & climate ETC
7 CLENT BRIEF PUNJAB
INFRASTRUCTURE
DEVELOPMENT
BOARD, (PIDB) HAS PROPOSED TO DEVELOP MODERN FULLY AIR-CONDITIONED BUS TERMINALS ACROSS MOHALI. FACILITIES SUCH AS SHOPPING MALLS, OFFICE COMPLEX,
FOOD
COURTS,
ETC.
FURTHERMORE, HAS PROPOSED TO REVAMP. GREATER
MOHALI
AREA
DEVELOPMENT
AUTHORITY & DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT, GOP AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR PLAYER (PSP) INTRODUCTION TO REGION CHANDIGARH, THE CAPITAL OF HARYANA AND PUNJAB, IS CONSIDERED AS ONE OF THE MOST WELL PLANNED CITIES IN INDIA. THE CITY WAS CONCEIVED
BY
THE
FAMOUS
FRENCH
ARCHITECT, LE CORBUSIER IN 1953, OWING TO ITS DEVELOPED SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND HIGHER QUALITY OF LIFE LEADING THE REAL ESTATE GROWTH TOWARDS THE ADJOINING REGIONS (SUCH AS MOHALI, PANCHKULA, ETC.) WITH AMPLE AVAILABILITY OF LAND.
8 18TH DISTRICT OF PUNJAB 13.04.06.
EXTENSION OF ‘CITY BEAUTIFUL – CHANDIGARH’
MOHALI, ALSO KNOWN AS SAS NAGAR (SAHIBZADA AJIT SINGH NAGAR), IS AN EXTENDED CONURBATION OF CHANDIGARH, TOWARDS ITS SOUTHWEST, IN PUNJAB & KNOWN AS AN ORGANIC EXTENSION TO CHANDIGARH SHARES SIMILAR DEMOGRAPHICS AS THE UNION TERRITORY DURING INCEPTION, CHANDIGARH CITY WAS PLANNED TO HOUSE A POPULATION OF APPROX. 150,000 ACROSS 30 LOW DENSITY SECTORS. HOWEVER, WITH
ITS
GROWING
PROMINENCE,
ITS
POPULATION
EXPONENTIALLY INCREASED AND THUS THE CITY EXPANDED BY ADDITIONAL 17 SECTORS CAPABLE OF HOUSING AN ADDITIONAL 350,000 PEOPLE. AS OF DATE, CHANDIGARH ALSO SHARES PARTS OF SECTORS 48 TO 56, 61 AND 63 WITH MOHALI. COMMERCIAL OFFICE SEGMENT ACTIVITY IN THE CITY HAS BEEN LIMITED TO OFFICES OF INSURANCE COMPANIES, BANKS, REGIONAL OFFICES, SALES DISTRIBUTION CENTERS, REAL ESTATE DEVELOPERS, ETC. THE OFFICE ACTIVITY PRIMARILY HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED IN THE SECTOR MARKETS WHICH ARE NON INVESTMENT GRADE IN NATURE, AND OFFER SCO …………………. (SHOP CUM OFFICE) FORMAT OF DEVELOPMENT MIX WITH TRANSPORT…………………..….NEED FOR NEW BUS TERMINAL & COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, PRESENT BUS TERMINAL 62 SECTOR. EXTRA PRESSURE ON ISBT 43, DESIGN-BUILD-OPERATE-TRANSFERS (DBOT) PROPOSED BUS TERMINAL WOULD MAINLY BE A TRANSIT BUS TERMINAL FOR NORTHERN PUNJAB, HIMACHAL AND J&K BUSES POTENTIAL BUS TRIPS / DAY ~1938
9 LOCATION ANALYSIS/SPATIAL SPREAD THE SUBJECT SITE IS STRATEGICALLY LOCATED AT VERKA CHOWK, AT THE BEGINNING OF THE CHANDIGARH -KHARAR ROAD (NH 21) WITH SUPERIOR ACCESS FROM CHANDIGARH AND MOHALI. THE SITE IS SURROUNDED BY THE INDUSTRIAL AREA OF MOHALI, WHICH HOUSES PROMINENT BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENTS SUCH AS RANBAXY, DELL, VERKA, ETC. CHANDIGARH - KHARAR ROAD ALSO PROVIDES DIRECT ACCESS BETWEEN CHANDIGARH AND OTHER IMPORTANT CITIES IN THE NEIGHBOURING STATES OF PUNJAB, HARYANA AND HIMACHAL PRADESH. THIS HAS RESULTED IN HIGH INTER-STATE TRAFFIC ALONG THE NATIONAL HIGHWAY - 21, RESULTING IN IDEAL POSITIONING FOR A TRANSIT BUS TERMINAL ALONG WITH A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX AT THE SUBJECT SITE. SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTH
WEAKNESS
FRONTAGE ON ALL THREE SIDES PROVIDES
SUBJECT SITE IS LOCATED WITHIN
THE SUBJECT SITE WITH MULTIPLE ACCESS
THE PRECINCTS OF THE MOHALI
PROXIMITY
TO
ESTABLISHED
RESIDENTIAL
OF
MOHALI
CHANDIGARH
EXPECTED
AND
CATCHMENTS TO
INDUSTRIAL AREA WHICH MAY NEGATIVELY AFFECT
ENHANCE
SUBJECT SITE IMAGE
OPPORTUNITY
THREATS
SUBJECT SITE LIES ON AN EMERGING GROWTH VECTOR. DIRECT
CONNECTIVITY
UPCOMING SUPPLY IN ALL REALSTTE COMPONENTS IN TOWNSHIP ALONG THE
TO
MOHALI
CHANDIGARH – KHARAR ROAD
AIRPORT PROPOSED FOR UP GRADATION,
WIIL ACT AS POSSIBLE FUTURE
FROM A 4-LANE TO A 6-LANE WIDE ROAD
COMPETION TO SUBJECT DEVELOPMENT
10 0
11 0
SITE DESCRIPTION
SITE ANALYSIS SITE ANALYSIS REGIONAL /URBAN CONTEXT
LOCATION
REGIONAL LINKAGE I.E. ROAD CONNECTION
TOPOGRAPHICAL DATA
CITY LEVEL FACILITIES & AMENITIES
CLIMATOLOGICALLY DATA
LAND USE, DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS AND BYLAWS
SITE SURROUNDING
ANALYSIS OF DATA COLLECTED
SITE DETAILS SITE AREA – 7.02 ACRES (28439.4711 SQ. M)
PERMITTED GROUND COVERAGE 40 % = 11375.78 SQ.M & FAR = 1:3, PARKING NOT INCLUDED IN FAR TOTAL BUILT UP AREA = 3 X 28439.47 SQ.M =85318.41 SQ.M HEIGHT MAX 145MTS, SITE LIES IN THE 8TH RING FROM THE AIRPORT &SUBJECT
TO
APPROVAL
FROM
AIRPORT
AUTHORITY. PARKING FOR COMMERCIAL 3 ECS PER 100 SQ MTRS COVERED AREA ON THE FLOORS 2ECS PER100 SQ.MTS FOR SHOPPING 1.5 ECS PER 100 SQ.MTS OF OFFICE TOPOGRAPHY – SLOPE OF THE SITE AND WATER DRAIN TOWARDS THE ROAD AND MORE FLAT LAND. VEGETATION – FEW OF TREES AT PERIPHERY – CAN BE CUT PERMISSION FROM AUTHORITY (GMADA, PIDB) GEOLOGY - SOIL TEST CONDUCTED BY GMADA. SOIL IS FIT FOR THIS TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK. SERVICES - WATER SUPPLY, ELECTRICITY – CABLE, TELEPHONE LINE RUNNING ALONG THE SITE MECHANICAL VENTILATION SHALL BE PROVIDED FOR BASEMENT PARKING INFERENCE PRIME LOCATION CREATE INTEREST FROM ALL SIDES THREE SIDES INTERNAL TRAFFIC SHOULD CAUSES MAX DISTURBANCE TRIANGULAR SITE LIMIT THE DESIGN
12 0
ENVIORNMENTOAL ASPECT SHOULD KEEP IN MIND WHILE DESIGNING I.E. TO REDUCE NOISE & AIR POLLUTION. CLIMATE DATA
13 0
CASE & LIT STUDY ISBT, sec-17, Chandigarh ISBT kashmere gate, delhi Super bus terminal, Jalandhar Ansal plaza, khel gaon marg, delhi
ISBT, SECTOR 17, CHANDIGARH 1950…………………..1956 – 57 THE BUS TERMINAL WAS DEVELOPED TO SERVE AS THE PRIMARY TRANSPORT NODE FOR CHANDIGARH CITY, SECOND ISBT SEC 43 TO MEET THE GROWING DEMAND 1500 FLEET OF BUSES COMING FROM OUT STATION
IT IS LOCATED WITHIN 2-3 MILES FROM THE RAILWAY STATION. SITE IS AT THE CROSSING OF V3 ROADS. ALONG THERE ARE FOUR SECTORS, THESE ARE 19, 18, 16 & 22. SITE HAS BEEN APPROACHED BY TWO MAJOR, HIGHWAYS NH-21 TO RUPNAGAR AND NH-22 TO SHIMLA.
14 0
15 0 OPERATOR
CHANDIGARH TRANSPORT UNDERTAKING
ARCHITECT
ADITYA PRAKASH
COMPLETED IN
1957
TOTAL AREA OF THE SITE
8.5 ACRES (NOW INCREASED TO 10 ACRES)
BUILDING STRUCTURE
MAX. G + 1
CATERING TO PASSANGER TRAFFICE FROM CHANDIGARH, DELHI AND HARYANA 1.5 LKH
3.5 LKH
5 LKH
8.5 LKH
ISBT 17
SECOND PHASE
INCREASE BEYOND EXPECTION
ISBT 43
DETAILED COMPONENTS – MAIN STRUCTURE SOMEWHAT CENTRALLY LOCATED IN THE MAIN BUILDING WITH CENTRAL WAITING HALL, ALL PASSENGERS AND STAFF FACILITIES ARE LOCATED AROUND IT IT IS COLUMN AND BEAM STRUCTURE WITH SQUARE GRIDS OF 17’3” X 17’3”. FAÇADE IS OF EXPOSE BRICKWORK. ALONG THE N- W SIDE, THE BUILDING IS IN THREE LEVELS
DESIGN PRINCIPLESENTRY AND EXIT OF THE INTERSTATE BUSES ARE PROVIDED EXCLUSIVELY FROM THE BUS LANE. SEPARATE PARKING LOTS FOR-CITY BUSES, PRIVATE VEHICLES,AUTO RICKSHAW,TAXI.CYCLE, RICKSHAW
SEPARATE ENTRIES FOR THE INTERCITY BUSES. CONCEPT OF CORRIDOR PLANNING. PLAY OF LIGHT WITH THE USE OF ROOFS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS. SOW TOOTH LOADING PLATFORMS. SCOPE FOR FUTURE EXPANSION. IT CATERS TO A DAILY OF 3456 BUSES AND HANDLES BUSES FROM 5 STATES &IUT (CHANDIGARH). OPEN COURTYARD HAS BEEN PROVIDED FOR LIGHT AND VENTILATION OF BUILDING BUT DUE TO LACK OF PROPER MAINTENANCE THE COURTYARD REMAIN DIRTY. THE RESTAURANT OF FIRST FLOOR NEVER FULLY UTILIZED THE REASON BEING THAT THE PASSENGER ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE IT AND IF SITTING IN THE RESTAURANT, CANNOT KEEP EYE ON THE BUSES. AT SOME PLACE, TOILET ARE NOT PROVIDED THE SITTING CAPACITY FOR THE PASSENGER IS INSUFFICIENT THE LIGHT AND VENTILATION IS QUITE GOOD IN THE BUILDING EXCEPT THE TOILET WHERE VENTILATION IS PROVIDED BUT DIRECT SUNLIGHT DOES NOT ENTER.
16 0
17 0
18 GROUND FLOOR - WAITING HALL, CANTEEN, LOADING BAYS, TICKET COUNTER, TOILET, FOOD, AND BOOKSTALL, ENQUIRY OFFICE, 0 CLOAK ROOM ETC. FIRST FLOOR – RAILWAY BOOKING OFFICE, POST OFFICE, POLICE POST, STATION SUPERVISOR ROOM, TOURIST INFORMATION OFFICE, RESTAURANT, TOURIST REST ROOM, TOURISM OFFICE OF CHANDIGARH ETC. HAVE BEEN PROVIDED. PARKING LOADING PLATFORM A TOTAL NO OF 53 LOADING BAYS THE LOADING BAYS ARE STRAIGHT SAW TOOTH TYPE 12’6” WIDE AND 4” HIGH. COVERED PLATFORM, MANY OF BUS STOPPERS SOMETIMES DURING PEAK HOURS, 2- 3 BUSES STAND ON A SINGLE BAY THUS CREATE CONGESTION UNLOADING PLATFORM NEAR THE ENTRY POINT DUE TO LACK OF COVERED PLATFORM, ITS UNDERSELL DURING SUMMER AND RAINY SEASON IDEAL PARKING A TOTAL NO OF 71 BUS PARKING, BAYS ARE PROVIDED OF WHICH 7 ARE PROVIDED OF WHICH FOR LONG TERM PARKING IDEAL PARKING IS PROVIDED ON THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE LOADING PLATFORM PARKING FOR LOCAL CONVEYANCE BACK SIDE OF TERMINUS, FROM WHERE THE PEOPLE ENTER THE TERMINAL. 500 SCOOTER & 25- 30 CARS A LARGE SPACE IN THE BASEMENT IS ALSO PROVIDED ADJACENT TO THE OPEN PARKING FOR PRIVATE VEHICLES IT HAS A CAPACITY OF 500 SCOOTER & 1500 CYCLES ONLY LIGHT IS THE MAIN PROBLEM IN THE BASEMENT AS SKYLIGHTS PROVIDED ARE INSUFFICIENT AND ACTS AS VENTILATOR ONLY. SUBWAY- THE PEDESTRIAN FROM THE SECTOR 22 SIDE GO BY THE UNDERGROUND SUBWAY TO REACH THE TERMINUS.
ISBT KASHMERE GATE BACKGROUND ARCHITECT
V.P. DHAMIJA & RAJINDER KUMAR
COMPLETED IN
1973
SITE AREA
11 ACRES
19 0
MODES OF TRANSPORTATION IN THE DEPARTURE BLOCK TWO RAMPS AND TWO STAIRCASES ARE PROVIDED TO CONNECT MAIN LOUNGE. AN OVER BRIDGE IS ALSO PROVIDED TO CONNECT INTER STATE TERMINAL BUILDING TO DTC BLOCK. A SUBWAY TO ACCESS DTC BUSES HAS BEEN PROVIDED, WHICH SEGREGATES THE MOVEMENT OF PASSENGERS USING THE LOCAL AND THE INTERSTATE BUSES. .
20 0
CIRCULATION •
AN EFFICIENT CIRCULATION PATTERN IS FOLLOWED IN THE ISBT. THERE IS SEGREGATION IN CIRCULATION OF BUSES AND NON - BUS
(OTHER LIGHT VEHICLES) TRAFFIC DUE TO THE DIFFERENCE IN MOVEMENT CHARACTER. •
THERE IS A SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXIT POINTS FOR INTER-CITY AND INTRA-CITY BUS SERVICES.
•
THERE IS A PROPER SEGREGATION FOR VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT.
DESIGN PRINCIPLES SEGREGATION OF DIFFERENT MODES OF TRANSPORT & ACTIVITIES SEGREGATION OF ALIGHTING AND BOARDING PLATFORMS SEGREGATION OF INCOMING AND OUTGOING PASSENGERS AT TWO LEVELS. ARRIVAL BLOCK - IT IS 7 STORIED STRUCTURES GROUND FLOOR IT IS ARRIVAL BLOCK HAVING 19 UNLOADING PLATFORMS. ANGULAR BAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR THE UNLOADING OPERATION, CONTROL ROOM, ENQUIRY COUNTERS, TOURIST INFORMATION COUNTERS THE SPACE IS DULL AND DARK DUE TO INSUFFICIENT NATURAL LIGHT THERE ARE SUFFICIENT NUMBERS OF PUBLIC AMENITIES PROVIDED IN THIS AREA. THERE ARE MANY EATING JOINTS BUT NO SMOKE OUTLETS ARE PROVIDED. FIRST FLOOR THE MAIN ENTRANCE LEVEL OF THE FIRST FLOOR LINKS THE OUTGOING PORCH TO ENTRY LOUNGE AND FACILITIES LIKE POST OFFICES, ENQUIRY AND BANK ARE PROVIDED AT THIS LEVEL. SECONDTOFOURTHFLOOR
21 0
MAINTENANCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF IS ACCOMMODATED ON THE SECOND FLOOR AND THE VARIOUS TRANSPORT COMPANY
22 0
OFFICES AND OTHER TERMINAL STAFF ON THE THIRD AND FOURTH FLOORS. AT FOURTH LEVEL THE ROOF OF THE CORRIDOR HAS BEEN LOWERED DOWN TO ACCOMMODATE THE SERVICE PIPES FIFTH FLOOR OF UPPER LEVELS.
FIFTH FLOOR WAS DESIGNED TO ACCOMMODATE THE TRANSIT HOTEL FOR OVERNIGHT STAYING PASSENGERS, BUT NOW THE COMPLETE FLOOR IS USED AS OFFICERS OF DELHI ADMINISTRATION FOR EARNING REVENUE. SIXTH FLOOR HAS BEEN DESIGNED FOR RESIDENTIAL USE BY FULL TIME STAFF AND SOME ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF WITH THE FACILITIES OFDOUBLE BED ROOM FLAT AND SINGLE BEDROOM FLAT. LOUVERS HAVE BEEN PROVIDED FOR BETTER LIVING ACCOMMODATION. LINK BLOCK IT IS A CONNECTING BLOCK BETWEEN ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE BLOCK AT FIRST FLOOR LEVEL. THIS BLOCK WAS DESIGNED FOR TICKET BOOTHS FOR EACH PARKING BERTH. NOW 90% OF THE TICKET BOOTHS PROVIDED HERE IS NOT USED AS THEY HAVE SET UP THEIR COUNTERS (CURRENT BOOKING) AT DEPARTURE LEVEL. SKY LIGHT HAS BEEN USED TO BRING NATURAL LIGHT IN THIS AREA. THESE ARE BOTH CIRCULAR AND CONICAL
23 SMALL ENQUIRY OFFICES OF DIFFERENT STATE TOURISM AND SMALL SECURITY CELL ARE PROVIDED IN THE CENTRE AROUND A LARGE DIA0 HOLLOW COLUMN WHICH ACT AS THE SKYLIGHT FOR ARRIVAL BLOCK BELOW. THIS BLOCK A LARGE WAITING AREA TO FACILITATE PASSENGER THE WAITING AREA IN THE LINK BLOCK IS NOT USED AS MUCH BECAUSE PASSENGER HAVE TENDENCY TO WAIT NEAR THE DEPARTURE PLATFORM OF THE BUS. THE COUNTER IN THE LINK BLOCK IS ONLY BEING USED FOR ADVANCE RESERVATION FACILITIES.
SECTION SHOWING ROOFING SYSTEM CIRCULAR CUTOUTS OF SKYLIGHTS 1 M, 2M AND 3 M DIAMETERS HAVE BEEN USED ABOVE THE WAITING AREA DEPARTURE BLOCK IT IS DIVIDED INTO TWO LEVELS. THE LOWER ONE FOR THE USE OF OUTGOING PASSENGERS AND BUSES, AND THE UPPER LEVEL FOR WAITING OUT SEATING PURPOSES. A MEZZANINE IS ALSO PROVIDED TO HOUSE THE OFFICES AND REST ROOMS OF BUS CREW. THE UPPER LEVEL IS NOT BEING USED TO ITS FULL EXTEND, HENCE CREATING CONGESTION AT LOWER LEVEL.KIOSKS AND STALLS HAVE BEEN LOCATED BETWEEN THE BUS BAY AND WAITING AREA AND ATTRACT LOT OF PASSENGERS TO COME. THIS CROWD CLOCKS THE BUS BAY VIEW FROM WAITING ARE RESULTING IN THE CONGESTION ON CONCOURSE WHILE THE WAITING AREA REMAINS EMPTY.
24 0
ANGULAR BAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR LOADING PLATFORMS WHICH ARE EFFICIENT FOR LOADING OPERATIONAND REQUIRE LESS AREA. ANGULAR BAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR LOADING PLATFORM, SO A. PASSENGER HAS CLEAR APPROACH TO ENTRY DOOR. B. AREA REQUIRED PER VEHICLE IS LESS. 2. UNLOADING PLATFORMS ARE NOT PROVIDED. 3. THE AREA OF REST ROOM FOR BUS CREW STAFF IS VERY LESS AND THERE ARE NO TOILET FACILITIES FOR THEM. 4. TOILET FACILITIES AND WAITING FACILITIES ARE LESS 5. EATING AND DRINKING WATER FACILITIES ARE SUFFICIENT THE KITCHEN AND RESTAURANT SPACE IN THE DEPARTURE BLOCK IS NOW BEING USED AS OFFICES OF THE DELHI ADMINISTRATION DUE TO WHICH, MANY UNWANTED PEOPLE COME TO THIS AREA DISTURBING THE FUNCTIONING OF THE TERMINUS.
25 0
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM THE BUILDING IS A COLUMN BEAM BASED STRUCTURE, USE COFFERED SLAB TO ACHIEVE LARGE SPAN THERE BY REDUCING THE NUMBER OF COLUMN AND INCREASING THE FREE SPACE INSIDE. THERMAL COMFORT AND DAYLIGHTING THE ENTIRE BUILDING IS QUITE COOL IN THE SUMMER BECAUSE IT IS HEAVILY LOUVERED ON ALL SIDES WHICH PREVENT THE DIRECT SUNLIGHT, PREVENTING DIRECT HEATING OF THE INTERNAL AREAS.THE MASSIVE ROOF LIGHTS OVER THE DEPARTURE AREA AID IN NATURAL LIGHTING. THE BUILDING BECOMES VERY CHILLY IN THE WINTERS, SINCE IT IS OPEN ON ALL SIDES, AND THERE IS NO PROTECTION FROM THE COLD DRAUGHT WHATSOEVER.SINCE THE LOADING AND UNLOADING AREAS ARE PARTIALLY OR WHOLLY COVERED, THIS LEADS TO A LOT OF THE POLLUTED AIR GETTING TRAPPED INSIDE THE WAITING AREAS.
26 0
AREA ANALYSIS TOTAL BUILT UP FLOOR AREA
3, 36,305 SQFT
S. NO
SERVICE PROVIDER
(7.72 ACRES)
NUMBER OF TRIPS
AREA OF ARRIVAL BLOCK
159355 SQFT
1
UP ROADWAYS
390
AREA OF DEPARTURE BLOCK
103700 SQFT.
2
UTTARAKHAND
165
AREA OF LINK BLOCK
54350 SQFT
3
PUNJAB
123
AREA OF 1 FLOOR
2.19 ACRES
4
RAJASTHAN
100
AREA OF TOILETS/URINALS
0.38 ACRES
5
HIMACHAL PRADESH
68
TICKET COUNTERS
5SQM
6
HARYANA
647
7
DTC
230
8
JAMMU & KASHMIR
2
GENTS- 74 NOS.
9
CHANDIGARH TRANSP. CORP.
33
LADIES- 64 NOS.
10
PVT (ON PERMIT BY STA)
35
75 NOS.
11
PVT (OTHER)
35
PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
01 NO.
12
OTHERS
23
POLICE POST
01 NO.
13
TOTAL BUSES
1851
CLOAK ROOMS
01 NO.
ENQUIRY & BOOTH
02 NO.
DELUXE TOILETS
GENTS- 03 NOS.
PUBLIC FACILITIES TOILET
WATER POINTS
LADIES- 02 NOS. WATER COOLERS
10 NOS.
DIESEL GENERATOR SET
02 NOS.
OCCUPANCY
NUMBER OFBUSES
FOOTFALL
30.9 BUS TRAFFIC SURVEY
1851 -
57209
OBSERVED PEAK HOUR FLOW IS 6.4% AT KASHMIRI GATE
27 ANSAL PLAZA AT DELHI, KHEL GAON MARG ANSAL PLAZA AT DELHI IS AN EXQUISITE SAMPLE OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE BEAUTIFULLY LANDSCAPED WITH GREENERY AND FOUNTAINS. LOCATED AT HUDCO PLACE IN THE HEART OF DELHI.
28 BACKGROUND LOCATION:
SOUTH DELHI
o
BUILT UP AREA
17760 SQ.M.
SUB LOCATION:
KHEL GAON MARG
o
CIRCULATION
3300 SQ.M.
DEVELOPER:
ANSAL PROPERTIES & INFRASTRUCTURE.
o
CORE AREA
1440 SQ.M.
o
OFFICIAL
8265.66 SQ.M.
o
SHOPPING
9495 SQ.M.
CIRCULATION
1349 SQ.M.
TOTAL FLOORS
GROUND + 3 FLOORS
ARCHITECT
JASBIR SAWANAY ASSOCIATES
SITE AREA
14000 SQM.
OFFICIAL
SHOWROOM I
130 SQ.M.
SHOWROOM II
80 SQ.M.
DEPARTMENTAL
760 SQ.M.
102 SQ.M.
STORES (G.F.)
ENTRANCE LOBBIES
FIRE
14.4 SQ.M. CONTROL
ROOM
RESTAURANT
200 SQ.M.
LIFT LOBBIES
20 SQ.M.
TOILET
20 SQ.M.
BASEMENT AREA
10000 SQ.M.
GRID
6MX8M&7M
29 ANSAL PLAZA IS SITUATED NEAR THE POSH MARKET AREA OF SOUTH EXTENSION IN SOUTH DELHI. AN AMPHITHEATER WITH A CENTER STAGE ALONG WITH A 45-FEET HIGH ATRIUM FRENCH GLASS CURTAIN WALL THAT FILTERS OUT ULTRAVIOLET AND OTHER HARMFUL RADIATIONS THIS MALL IS CONSIDERED AN ARCHITECTURAL SPLENDOR. IT HAS EMERGED AS A MAJOR LANDMARK. THE MALL OFFERS A CLIMATE-CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT THAT REMOVES THE FATIGUE USUALLY ASSOCIATED WITH SHOPPING, COMPLETE WITH AN AMPHITHEATER, A SHOPPING COMPLEX, OFFICES, TWIN LEVEL LAYOUT & PLANNING THE BASIC PLANNING IS INTROVERT IN NATURE. IT CONSISTS OF TWO HALF (C SHAPE) CIRCULAR BLOCKS CONNECTED BY THE BRIDGE AS FOUR FLOORS ENCLOSING AN AMPHITHEATRE 50M.DIAMETER HAS BEEN CLOSELY LANDSCAPED. THE INNER PERIPHERY OF THE BLOCKS HAS BEEN GLAZED AND ALONG WITH RUNS THE CORRIDOR SO THE SHOPPER ALWAYS GETS THE VIEW TOWARDS THE AMPHITHEATRE. THERE IS A JUTTING BLOCK' FROM ONE BLOCK AND IT HAS THE BIG DEPARTMENTAL STORE—SHOPPER'S STOP THE JUNCTION OF THE BLOCKS FORMS THE ENTRY OF THE PLAZA. SHOPPER'S STOP HAS GOT ITS OWN SEPARATE AND IT IS INTERNALLY CONNECTED THROUGH THE ENTRANCE LOBBY OF THE PLAZA. CORRIDORS RUNNING ALONG INNER PERIPHERY GIVE A CONSTANT VIEW OF THE PLAZA THUS FORMED. THE COMPLEX IS SURROUNDED BY GUEST HOUSE BLOCKS AND APARTMENTS. ENTRY TO THE SITE IS COMMON. THERE ARE TWO ACCESSES TO THE SITE, ONE SERVES AS THE ENTRY AND THE OTHERS ACT AS THE EXIST CONNECTED BY THE BRIDGE HAS GOT THE HELICAL RAMP EXIT THE BRIDGE IS USED TOTAL AREA OF PARKING IS 9850 SQ.MT. WHICH ALSO INCLUDES THE OTHER SERVICES LIKE A.C. PLANT GENERATOR ROOMS AND SPACE FOR M.T.N.L. ETC. SERVICE ENTRY A SERVICE ROAD IS PROVIDED WHICH RUNS ON THE OUTER PERIPHERY OF THE BUILDING. A RAMP OF THE SLOPE 1:7 HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO HAVE THE ACCESS UP TO THE SERVICE LIFT TO THE SERVICE ROAD. (FROM THE BACK) ONE SERVICE LIFT HAS BEEN PROVIDED FOR THE FIRST BUILDING AND ONE FOR THE OTHER BUILDING. ENTRANCE THERE IS ITS OWN ENTRY FOR THE BIGGER DEPARTMENTAL STORE AND ADJACENT TO THIS IS THE ENTRY FOR THE MALL,
30
Ground floor plan
first floor plan
WHICH IS NOT CLEARLY DEFINED, AND SOMEWHAT SUBDUED. THE ENTRY ATRIUM IS DOUBLE HEIGHT AND HAS ESCALATORS WHICH LAND, AT THE FIRST FLOOR CORRIDOR. THEN ONWARD VERTICAL MOVEMENT BECAUSE THERE ARE ONLY FOUR FLOORS AS STAIRS AND LIFT IS PROVIDED. BUT A SHOPPER FINDS ITS. ACTIVITY STRUCTURE THE COMPLEX HAS FOUR FLOORS HEIGHT ON GROUND FLOORS AND FIRST FLOOR SHOWROOMS HAVE BEEN PLACED WHILE ON SECOND AND THIRD FLOOR OFFICES HAVE BEEN PROVIDED. THE OFFICIAL DOESN'T HAVE THE SEGREGATED ENTRY. SO THERE IS INTERMIXING OF THE OFFICIAL AND SHOPPERS, IT SOME WHAT CREATE CONFUSION AND THUS A PROBLEM TO THE OFFICIALS IN THE PEAK TIME CIRCULATION PATTERN THE CIRCULATION CORRIDORS ARE CURVING IN NATURE SO PROVIDES A GOOD VIEW OF THE FOURTH COMING SHOPS.
31 WIDTH OF CORRIDORS
GROUND FLOOR FIRST FLOOR
AREA
3.6 M. 2.5 M.
8000 SQM. (UNDER RETAIL SHOPPING) 6700 SQM. UNDER OFFICE USE.
SERVICE CORE THE CIRCUMFERENTIAL DISTANCE OF THE CIRCULAR BUILDING IS 125M. SERVICE CORES HAVE BEEN LOCATED AT RECTANGULAR INTERVALS OF 36M THROUGHOUT THE BUILDING. THERE ARE THREE SERVICE CORES IN WHICH LIFT, TOILETS, TELEPHONE , ELECTRICAL DUCTS HAVE BEEN PASSED. THE AREA OF ONE SERVICE CORE ONE FLOOR IS 72 SQ.M. PARKING THE BASEMENT EXISTS UNDER THE WHOLE COMPLEX. IT IS RESERVED FOR PARKING AND SERVICES. IT HAS GOT PROVISION FOR 210 CARS AND 400 TWO WHEELER. SEMI BASEMENT
55CARS
………………BASEMENT
IT HAS A BRIDGE CONNECTING THE ENTRY AND EXIT SERVICES
155 CARS
32 AIR CONDITION & PLANT ROOM THE WHOLE PLAZA IS CENTRALLY AIR-CONDITIONED. THE PLANT ROOM IS PLACED CENTRALLY IN THE BASEMENT JUST BELOW THE PLAZA SO AS TO CATER THE TWO BUILDING EQUALITY. THE TONNAGE OF THE PLAZA IS 900 TONES. 6 CHILLERS HAVE BEEN PLACED ON THE TERRACE OF THE BUILDING. EACH CHILLER IS OF 147 TONS CAPACITY A.H.U. A.H.U., ARE RUNNING EQUIDISTANT AT 35M, 3 A.H.U.S ARE IN THE BUILDING AND TWO A.H.U.S ARE IN THE SECOND ONE A.H.U.S VOIDS IN THIS BUILDING, ARE CEILING HANGING. THEY ARE ADJACENT IN THE UPPER CEILING OF EACH LIFT LOBBY. FIRE EXITS IN THE FIRST LOBBY THERE ARE TWO FIRE EXITS AT THE TWO ENDS. THESE ARE LOCATED AT THE DISTANCE OF 50M. PERIPHERAL DISTANCE. SPRINKLERS A RESERVOIR OF 45000 IT CAPACITY IS LOCATED AND 5 SPRINKLES PUMPS HAVE BEEN INSTALLED WHICH BEGUN AS SOON AS FIRE IS DETECTED. THERE ARE FEEDED BY THE BUCK UP GENERATORS IN CASE OF A FIRE. HEAT/SMOKE DETECTORS HAVE BEEN INSTALLED PROPERLY AND IN CORRIDORS AND IN SHOPS AND IN REGULAR INTERVALS OF 7M IN CORRIDOR AND 3M IN SHOPS. FIRE FIGHTING FIRE FIGHTING PROVISIONS HAVE BEEN PROPERLY MADE IN THE COMPLEX. HOSEPIPES HAVE BEEN PROPERLY INSTALLED AT THE LIFT LOBBY AND AT THE STAIRCASES. EXTINGUISHERS INSTALLED AT REGULAR INTERVALS THROUGHOUT THE CORRIDOR.
33 FIRE CONTROL ROOM LOCATED AT THE GROUND FLOOR IT IS EQUIPPED WITH THE FIRE PANEL SYSTEM. AS SOON AS THE FIRE BREAKS UP IN ANY PART OF THE BUILDING, IT IS INDICATED ON THE PANEL AND IT STARTS ITS OPERATIONS BY GIVING WARNING/FIRE ALARM TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC AND THE FIRE FIGHTING STAFF FOR TAKING THE NECESSARY MEASURES. ELECTRIC SUPPLY IS IMMEDIATELY CUTOFF AND SPRINKLERS START WORKING. INFERENCES
THE MALL HAS GOT ONLY RESTAURANT IN ITS FIRST BUILDING, CATERING TO THE WHOLE MALL, AGAIN NO INFORMAL
PLACES
VISUAL LINKAGES ARE GOOD THE CURVED SHAPE OF CORRIDOR WAYS GIVES THE PRE INFORMATION OF THE NEXT STOP AND ALSO REDUCES THE LENGTH OF THE CORRIDOR PSYCHOLOGICALLY. VISUAL LINKAGES BETWEEN THE SUBSEQUENT FLOORS, AGAIN HELPS TO CREATE A GOOD VISUAL SEQUENCE.
NATURAL LIGHTING TRAPPED THROUGH THE SKYLIGHT ALSO EXPOSES THE TRUE COLORS OF THE SIGNBOARDS AND BANNERS.
SERVICE HAS BEEN PROPERLY PLACED IN THE BASEMENT, PROPERLY CONNECTED THROUGH THE STAIRS AND LIFT. DUE TO RADIAL GRID, ALL NUMBER OF SHOPS IS RECTANGULAR. IN THE BASEMENT DUE TO RADIAL GRID, EFFICIENT CAR PARKING IS NOT POSSIBLE. CONNECTING BRIDGE IS NONE AIR-CONDITIONED; TO TRANSITING FROM ONE BLOCK TO OTHER YOU HAVE TO CROSS THROW A NON AIR CONDITIONED BRIDGE WHICH IS GOING FROM AIR-CONDITION TO NON AIR-CONDITIONED THEN AIR- CONDITIONED, IS NOT A GOOD IDEA. CIRCULATION FROM MAIN ROAD TO COMPLEX THERE IS ONE ENTRY AND ONE EXITS ARE PROVIDED, VEHICULAR ENTERED FROM THE ENTRY AND PARKING IS PROVIDE AT SURFACE AS WELL IN THE BASEMENTS, ONE WAY TRAFFIC FLOW IS USED FOR EASY AND SMOOTH DRIVING AS WELL TO HAVE CONTROL ON THE TRAFFIC MOVEMENTS. FOR PEDESTRIAN VERTICAL MOVEMENT- LIFTS, ESCALATORS AND STAIRCASES ARE PROVIDED. ONE OF THE GOOD FEATURES OF THIS COMPLEX IS THE DESCENDED BALCONIES. THE COMPLEX IS FULLY AIR-CONDITIONED. SKY LIGHTS ARE PROVIDED AT THE TOP.
34 ESCALATORS ARE PROVIDED ON THE RIGHT SIDE BUILDING, BUT SERVICE CORE OF ONE STAIR WITH ONE LIFT IS PROVIDED IN THE BOTH BUILDING BLOCK. ONE MAIN ATTRACTION OF THE ANSAL PLAZA IS THE POLLUTION CONTROL TOWER WHICH IS ATTACHED TO THE GENERATOR ROOM BASEMENT WHICH COLLECTS FUMES FROM THERE AND EXHAUST FROM VEHICLES AND PURIFY THEM BEFORE RELEASING TO THE ATMOSPHERE WHICH IS APPROX 30 MT-35 MT HIGH, THIS IS THE MOST PROMINENT FEATURE OF THE MALL. IN PLANNING, MALL AREA IS TOTALLY UN-DISTURBED FROM ANY TRAFFIC.
AESTHETICS IT'S VISUAL CHARACTERISTIC LIKE ITS PHYSICAL FORM -GEOMETRY, SHAPE, FACADE, ROOF SHADE, ITS FEATURES, COLORS, TEXTURES, DECORATION, ORNAMENTATION, AND ITS VIEWING CONDITION, THE DISTANCE AND THE ANGLE FROM WHICH IT’S VIEWED. IT HAS A WELL TREATED EXTERNAL FACADE OF RED BRICIK WITH SOME BLUE COLOR TILES AT TOP LEVEL. • IT HAS A GOOD COMBINATION OF GLASS WITH SOLID. • ALL MODERN MATERIALS ARE USED IN THE ANSAL PLAZA. • A VERY GOOD EFFORT WAS MADE TOWARDS THE LANDSCAPE.
35 SUPER BUS TERMINAL, JALANDHAR,
BACKGROUND CLIENT
PUNJAB STATE BUS STAND MANAGEMENT COMPANY LIMITED
ARCHITECT
SWINDER SAWHEEY ASSOCIATES
COMPLETE IN
2007
SITE AREA
12.51 ACRES
BUILT-UP AREA
18000 SQM
SITE LOCATION THE TERMINAL IS LOCATED IN THE HEART OF THE CITY. IT IS SURROUNDED BY ROADS ON 3 SIDES. IT IS ABOUT 8 KMS. FROM THE RAILWAY STATION. THE LONG ROUTE BUSES ENTER THE TERMINAL THROUGH THE ROAD PERPENDICULAR TO THE GARHA ROAD. THE SHORT ROUTE BUSES ENTER THROUGH G.T. ROAD. TERMINAL CATERS TO A DAILY BUS SCHEDULE OF 3,000 BUSES AND 1,00,000 FOOTFALLS PER DAY. MOST CONSUMERS OF THE SERVICES ARE FROM THE LOWER OR MIDDLE-LEVEL INCOME GROUPS. THE EXISTING TERMINAL HAS BEEN RE-DESIGNED AND THE NEW DESIGN ADDRESSES AN ATTEMPT WAS MADE TO TRANSFORM THE EXISTING SITUATION OF CHAOS, HAPHAZARD CIRCULATION AND THE NON-EXISTENT ESTATE SERVICES INTO A PROGRESSIVE, DYNAMIC AND FUTURISTIC DESIGN WHICH WOULD ADAPT ITSELF TO THE CHANGING NEEDS OF SOCIETY.
36 THE PROPOSED NEW TERMINAL PLAN WAS INTEGRATED WITH THE EXISTING TERMINAL BUILDING BOTH FUNCTIONALLY AND AESTHETICALLY. THE PLAN EVOLVED HAS SEPARATED BOTH LONG AND SHORT ROUTE BUS TRAFFIC AND CONVERTED THE TERMINAL INTO AN ACTIVE URBAN STREET. TWO BUS DEPARTURE BAYS NAMELY, STEPPED PARALLEL AND RADIAL SAW TOOTH HAVE BEEN DESIGNED KEEPING FUNCTION IN MIND. THE PLAN DEFINES SPECIFIC DOMAINS FOR THE PASSENGER AND THE BUS MOVEMENTS WITH CONVENIENT INTERCHANGES. IT ENCOURAGES SHORT LINES OF FLOW AND MINIMIZES WALKING DISTANCE TO THE TERMINAL BUILDING. THE RADIAL SAW TOOTH PATTERN OF THE DEPARTURE BAYS ADDS A UNIQUE GEOMETRY TO THE PLAN. THE WING SHAPED ROOF INCREASES THE NATURAL LIGHTING BY ACTING AS LIGHT SHAFTS AND REDUCES POLLUTION IN THE TERMINAL BUILDING BY SUCKING OUT VEHICULAR POLLUTION THROUGH VENTS LOCATED AT THE UPPER LEVELS.
37 DESIGN PRINCIPLES THE NEW DESIGN ADDRESSES THREE SIGNIFICANT COMPONENTS OF TERMINAL BUSES AND THEIR UNOBSTRUCTED MOVEMENT, PEDESTRIAN CIRCULATION AND THEIR SAFETY AND PASSENGER VEHICLES AND THEIR MOVEMENT. THE PLAN EVOLVED HAS SEGREGATED THE TRAFFIC MOVEMENT AND CONVERTED THE TERMINAL INTO AN ACTIVE URBAN STREET. APPROACH TO SITE SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAVE BEEN SEGREGATED FROM THE LONG ROUTE BUSES BY HAVING A SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXITS. IDLE PARKING TOR THE LONG AND SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAVE BEEN PROVIDED IN SUCH AWAY SO AS TO NOT DISTURB THE MOVEMENT OF BUS ENTERING OR LEAVING THE TERMINAL A SEPARATE PASSENGER ENTRY AND EXIT IS PROVIDED. THIS PASSENGER ENTRY AND EXIT IS ALSO USED BY OTHER VEHICLES FOR APPROACHING THEIR INDIVIDUAL PARKING. A SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXIT FOR LONG ROUTE BUSES HAS BEEN PROVIDED SEGREGATING IT FROM PEDESTRIAN. SINCE THE ARRIVAL BLOCK LIES IN THE CENTRE OF BOTH THE DEPARTURE OF LONG AND SHORT ROUTE BUSES, HENCE IT BECOMES CONVENIENT TO THE PASSENGERS TO TRAVEL TO THE ARRIVAL BLOCK IS CENTRALLY LOCATED WHICH IS EASILY ACCESSIBLE FROM THE MAIN PASSENGER ENTRANCE FROM TWO OF ITS SIDES. THE DEPARTURE OF SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAS BEEN PROPERLY SEGREGATED FROM THE LONG ROUTE BUSES BY LOCATING THEM AT OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE ARRIVAL BLOCK PARKING IS LOCATED AT AN APPROPRIATE DISTANCE FROM THE OTHER MAIN BLOCKS SO THAT PASSENGERS USING THE TERMINAL DO NOT HAVE TO TRAVEL A LARGE DISTANCE TO ARRIVE THE BLOCKS. THE PLAN ENCOURAGES SHORT LINES OF FLOW AND WALKING DISTANCE TO THE TERMINAL BUILDING HAS BEEN MINIMIZED.
38
39
STANDARDS, AREA & REQUIREMENTS Standards Area analysis Requirements Area calculation
40 STANDARDS
41
42 AREA ANALYSIS BUS TERMINAL REQUIREMENTS
S NO
CASE STUDY
CASE STUDY
LIT STUDY
KASHMERE
SEC 17
SUPER BUS
GATE DELHI
CHANDIGARH TERMINAL
STANDARDS
REQ.AREA REMARK (PEAK HOUR PASSANGER)
JALANDHAR @ PER UNIT AREA 1.
ENTRANCE LOUNGE
1.5 SQ.M.
1875
25%OF THE PEAK HOUR PASS. (5000)
A.
ENQUIRY
1@20
1@15
1@30
1.5 SQ.M
25 SQ.M
5 ATTENDANT
B.
TOURIST INFORMATION
1@20
1@20
1@20
6 SQ.M
30 SQ.M
5 ATTENDANT
C.
TICKET BOOTH
5SQ.M
D.
BOOK STALL
10 SQ.M
20 SQ.M
2NO.
E.
PUBLIC TELE
70 SQ.M
70 SQ.M
10 BOOTH
F.
TOILET
2@7
6@7
6@18
AS PER NO.OF BAY
2SQ.M./WC
W/C-1/250 FOR
&5SQ.M./WB
MALE,1/100 FOR
&URINAL
FEMALE, URINAL-1/50, WB-1/200 MALE FEMALE
2.
WAITING HALL
1@50
1@20
2SQ.M.
750SQ.M.
15% OF PEAK HR. PASS IN ½ HOUR CYCLE
43 A.
KIOSK
B.
TOILET
C. 3.
6@18
10SQ.M.
60 SQ.M.
6 NOS.
SAME
M-23SQ.M.
30% OF THE LOADING
F-12 SQ.M.
BAY CAPACITY
DRINKING WATER
4NOS.
DEPARTUTRE LOUNGE
2SQ.M.
A.
ENQUIRY
1@20
1@15
1@30
5SQ.M.
B.
KIOSK
[email protected]
18@9
9@12
10SQ.M.
C.
DRINKING WATER
12@5
5@5
7@3
3SQ.M.
D.
TICKET BOOTH
10@5
15@5
15@5
5SQ.M.
E.
TOILET
10@18
8@18
6@18
2SQ.M./WC&1.
2 ATTENDANT
5SQ.M./WB &URINAL 4.
ARRIVAL LOUNGE A.
KIOSK
[email protected]
12@9
6@12
B.
DRINKING WATER
4@5
2@5
2@5
C.
TELE. BOOTH
5@7
9@7
D.
TOILET
4@18
E.
TOURIST INFOM.
1@20
5.
ANNOUN. &REPORTING
6.
BUS CREW STAFF A.
CAFETARIA
2 STALL EACH
1@20 1@25
1@25
30SQ.M. 625SQ.M.
160SQ.M.
160SQ.M.
1 NOS.
44 B.
7.
DORMITORIES
420SQ.M.
420SQ.M.
LOCKER
45SQ.M.
45SQ.M.
30SQ.M.
30SQ.M.
COMMUTER FACILITES A.
BARBER SHOP
B.
DORMITORY
2@50
1@30
CHEMIST
1@9
1@15
DISPENSARY
1@30
RESTAURANT 8.
1@30
128SQ.M.
4@32 FOR 10BED
30SQ.M.
30SQ.M.
1 NO.
1@25
50SQ.M.
50SQ.M.
1NO.
1@75 FOR 30
1.2 / PERSON
300SQ.M.
1NO.
690SQ.M.
1NO.
150 SQ.M
1NO.
80 SQ.M
1NO.
150 SQ.M
1NO.
150 SQ.M
2NO.
80 SQ.M
1NO.
180SQ.M
1NO.
MISCELLANEOUS A
BANK
2@15
1@15
B
POST &TELEGRAPH
1@15
1@20
C
POLICE POST
1@25
1@30
D
PUMP ROOM
1@80
E
AIR BOOKING COUNTER
F
RAIL BOOKING COUNTER
9.
150 SQ.M
1@25
150 SQ.M
1@100
1@25
1@100
OFFICE A
MANAGER „S ROOM
1@15
1@20
1@25
1@25
25 SQ.M.
1NO.
B
IN – CHARGE ROOM
1@15
1@20
1@15
1@15
20 SQ.M.
1NO.
C
ACCOUNTS OFFICE
1@25
1@25
1@30
1@30
30 SQ.M.
1NO.
D
ADMINSTRATIVE OFFICE
1@25
1@25
1@30
1@30
30 SQ.M.
1NO.
E
OTHER OFFICE
15 SQ.M.
1NO.
45 REQUIREMENT THE MAIN PROJECT COMPONENTS TO BE DEVELOPED AT THE PROJECT SITE ARE: BUS TERMINAL AND RELATED PASSENGER FACILITIES. COMMERCIAL COMPLEX / TOWER SUB-WAY HELIPAD ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES OF THE COMMERCIAL COMPLEX OFFICE SPACE, SHOPPING MALL, FOOD COURTS, RESTAURANTS, HYPERMARKET, RETAIL SHOWROOMS, BANKS AND ATM OTHER ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES (COMPONENTS) OF THE BUS TERMINAL PASSENGER CONCOURSE, TICKET COUNTER, WASHROOM, INFORMATION DESK, FACILITIES OF HANDICAPPED, CLOCK ROOM, BUS CIRCULATION AREA, BUS BAY, PARKING FACILITIES, CONTROL ROOM, HIGH-TEC SECURITY SYSTEM , DRINKING WATER, FIREFIGHTING SYSTEM, POWER BACKUP. TOURISM, ROADWAYS, RAILWAYS, POLICE POST, REFRESHMENTS, TELEPHONE BOOTHS, BOOK SHOPS, ETC. RESTAURANTS & FOOD COURT, LODGE & DORMITORIES, WAITING ROOM, REST ROOMS, BANK, ETC. BUS TERMINAL „ENVISION‟ AUTOMATIC ‘SCHEDULE DISPLAY’ SYSTEM ALONG WITH PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM SAFETY PARAMETERS NO PASSENGER-VEHICLE CONFLICT SEGREGATION OF PVT. VEHICLES & BUSES ‘DRIVE-WAY CONCEPT‟ DESIGN PARAMETER FOR BUS TERMINAL FOR INTERSTATE BUS AVERAGE STOPPAGE TIME IS 12 MINUTES EMBARKATION PLATFORM AND 6 MIN TO DISEMBARKATION PLATFORM & FOR LOCAL STOPPAGE TIME 5- 10 MIN-MAX. FUNCTIONAL & GEOMETRIC DESIGN PARAMETER FOR BUS TERMINAL BUS - 2.46 X 10.91 X 3.2 (VOLVO) BUS BAY- SAW, RADIAL, STRAIGHT,
46 AREA CALCULATION THE INTERSTATE BUS TERMINUS IS TO BE DESIGNED TO HANDLE 1938 TRIPS ~ 2000 TRIPS PER DAY PEAK HOUR FLOW IS EQUAL TO 10 % OF TOTAL DAILY FLOW. INCOMING BUSES (AT UNLOADING BAYS) = 50% OF TOTAL BUSES = 1000 NOS INCOMING BUSES (AT LOADING BAYS) = 50% OF TOTAL BUSES = 1000 NOS OCCUPANCY IN PEAK HOUR = 50 PASSANGER/ BUS TOTAL PASSANGER TO BE HANDLED BY TERMINAL = 50 X 2000 = 1,00,000 NO. OF BAYS FOR LOADING AND UNLOADING HAVE BEEN CALCULATED AS =TOTAL NO OF BUSES IN PEAK HOUR / BAY CAPACITY IN 1 HOUR. LOADING - EFFICIENT LOADING OPERATIONAL TIME FOR AN INTERSTATE BUS = 12 MINUTES. BAYS CAPACITY IN PEAK HOUR = 60MIN/12MIN= 5 NOS UNLOADING - EFFICIENT UNLOADING OPERATIONAL TIME = ½ OF LOADING OPERATION =6 MIN BAYS CAPACITY IN PEAK HOUR = 60MIN/6MIN= 10 NOS BUS BAYS
PERCENTAGE
NO OF
OCCUPANCY
NO OF
PEAK HOUR
PEAK HOUR
BUSES
/BUS
PASSANGER
LOAD (BUS)
LOAD
NO OF BAYS
(PASSANGER) LOADING
50%
1000
50
50,000
100
5000
100/5=20
50%
1000
50
50,000
100
5000
100/10=10
BAYS UNLOADIN G BAYS
AREA OF BUS
NO. OF BAYS
AREA/BAY (SQ.MT.)
TOTAL AREA
ADDING 50 %
(SQ.MT.)
CIRCULATION SPACE
47 LOADING
20
76
2150
3225
UNLOADING
10
104
1040
1560
IDLE PARKING
40
66
2640
3960
AUTO RICKSAW
100
5
500
750
TAXI
50
16
800
1200
PRIVATE
CAR
50
25
1250
1875
MODES
TWO WHEELERS
100
4
400
600
HIRED MODES
AREA REQUIREMENT BUS TERMINAL FOOT FALL PROJECTED 50,000 – 60,000 POTENTIAL BUS TRIPS / DAY -1938 ~ 2000 BUS TERMINAL AREA = 20% OF TOTAL BUILDING AREA =17063 SQMT COMMERCIAL COMPLEX = 80% OF TOTAL BUILDING AREA =68254 SQMT OFFICE SPACE 60% 40953 SQMT SHOPPING 40% 27301 SQMT
SKETCH DESIGN Traffic flow analysis Flow chart Concept Zoning Sketches Working models
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
DRAWINGS & DETAILS Floor plans Elevations Sections 3 – D views Details Electives Fire fighting Working drawing
56
57
58
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Architecture + design July 2004 & June 06
CBRE_final_report_mohali_bus_terminal_project
Redevelopment of ISBT at Sarai kale khan (DIMTS)
Master plan of Mohali BY GMADA
Traffic Engineering and Transportation Planning - L.R. Kadiyali
Master architect series –II Norman foster
High rise building by V. K. Jain
NBC of India 2005
Neufert Architects' Data
Time Saver Standards
www.google.com/earth/
www.scribd .com
www.4shared.com
REFERENCE BUILDINGS
HSBC HEADQUARTER HONGKONG
PROPOSED ISBT AT DWARIKA
30_ST_MARY_AXE, LONDON
METRO BHAVAN AT DELHI
COMMERZ BANK HEADQUARTER, FRANKFURT
MADRID BARAJAS AIRPORT, SPAIN
GEORGES POMPIDOU CENTRE, FRANCE
REDEVELOPMENT OF ISBT ANAND VIHAR, DELHI
LONDON‟S THIRD AIRPORT, STANDSTED
KASHMERE GATE METRO, AT DELHI
WORLD TRADE CENTRE, NEWYORK, FOSTER, ROGER & MAKI
