class 12th chemistry investigatory project on preparation of potash from aluminium scrap. already in required format, bonafide certificate format is ...
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Name of Institute: Sindhi High School, Hebbal
This is to certify that Mr. of class twelve, Sindhi High School, Hebbal has satisfactorily completed the proect in !hemistry for the "ISS!# as prescribed by !$S# in the year %&&'(%&&).
*ate :
+egistration No. :
Signature of Internal #aminer
Signature of #ternal #aminer
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Acknowledgement I than my chemistry teacher Mrs. +umini and Mrs. *eepa for their guidance and support. I also than my /rincipal Mrs. Mahalashmi 0iaychand. I would also lie to than my parents and my sister for encouraging me during this course of this proect. 1inally I would lie to than !$S# for giving me this opportunity to undertae this proect.
Introduction "luminium because of its low density, high tensile strength and resistance and resistance to corrosion is widely used for the manufacture of aeroplanes, automobiles lawn furniture as well as for aluminium cans. $eing good conductor of electricity it is used for transmission of electricity. "luminium is also used for maing utensils. The recycling of aluminium cans and other aluminium products is a very positive contribution to saving our natural resources. Most of the recycled aluminium is melted and recast into other aluminium metal products or used in the production of various aluminium compounds, the most common of which are the alums. "lums are double sulphates having general formula X2SO4.M2(SO4)3.24H2O
Some important alums and their names are given below: K 2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O (
/otash "lum
Na2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O ( K 2SO4.r2(SO4)3.24H2O
Soda "lum
( !hrome "lum
(NH)2SO4.!e2(SO4)3.24H2O (
1erric "lum
/otash alum is used in papermaing, in fire etinguishers in food stuffs and in purification of water soda alum used in baing powders and chrome alum is used in tanning leather and water proofing fabrics.
AIM TO PREPARE POTASH ALUM FROM ALUMINIUM
P
"e#uirement$
%2& ml flas 1unnel $eaer Scrap aluminium or cola can /otassium hydroide solution 345H6 7 M Sulphuric "cid 3H%S586 9ater $ath #thanol
%&eor' "luminum metal is treated with hot aueous 45H solution. "luminium dissolves as potassium aluminate, 4"l35H68, salt. 2Al($) 2KOH(a#) H2O(l) * 2KAl(OH)4 (a#) 3H2
/otassium aluminate solution on treatment with dil. Sulphuric acid first gives precipitate "l35H6;, which dissolves on addition of small ecess of H%S58 and heating. 2KOH(a#) H2SO4(a#) * 2Al(OH)3 ($) K 2SO4(a#) 2H2O(l) 2Al(OH)3 ($) < ; H2SO4(a#)
* Al2(SO4)3(a#) H2O(l)
The resulting solution is concentrated to near saturation and cooled. 5n cooling crystals of potash alum crystalli=e out. K 2SO4(a#) Al2(SO4)3(a#) 24H2O(l)
*
K 2SO4.Al2(SO4)3. 24H2O($)
"eaction$ 2Al($) 2KOH(a#) H2O(l)
* 2KAl(OH)4 (a#) 3H2
K 2SO4(a#) Al2(SO4)3(a#) 24H2O(l) * K 2SO4.Al2(SO4)3. 24H2O($)
K 2SO4(a#) Al2(SO4)3(a#) 24H2O(l) * K 2SO4.Al2(SO4)3. 24H2O($)
+rocedure
!lean a small piece of scrap aluminium with steel wool and cut it into very small pieces. "luminium foil may be taen instead of scrap aluminium.
/ut the small pieces of scrap aluminium or aluminium foil3about >.&&g6 into a conical flas and add about 2& ml of 8 M 45H solution to dissolve the aluminium.
The flas may be heated gently in order to facilitate dissolution. Since during this step hydrogen gas is evolved this step must be done in a well ventilated area.
!ontinue heating until all of the aluminium reacts.
1ilter the solution to remove any insoluble impurities and reduce the volume to about %2 ml by heating.
"llow the filtrate to cool. Now add slowly 7 M H%S58 until insoluble "l35H6; ust forms in the solution.
?ently heat the miture until the "l35H6; precipitate dissolves.
!ool the resulting solution in an ice(bath for about ;& minutes whereby alum crystals should separate out. 1or better results the solution may be left overnight for crystalli=ation to continue.
In case crystals do not form the solution may be further concentrated and cooled again.
1ilter the crystals from the solution using vacuum pump, wash the crystals with 2&@2& ethanol(water miture.
!ontinue applying the vacuum until the crystals appear dry.
*etermine the mass of alum crystals.
O,$er-ation$
Mass of aluminium metal
ABBBBB.g
Mass of potash alum
ABBBBB.g
Theoretical yield of potash alum ABBBBBg /ercent yield
ABBBBBC
"e$ult
/otash alum was prepared from aluminium scrap.
i,liogra/&'
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CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the investigatory ro!ect "CHEMISTR#$ recor%e% in this &'e is the (ona&%e )or* of RA+I +ERMA"C'ass,-II A/$ of 0.+.NO 1 2an%hinagar Cantt %3ring the aca%e4ic year 5678,79.
