Introduction to Storge Tanks Engineering By: Mohamed Ebeid
Date May 11th, 2009
Inde/ #art 1 Introduction #art 2 $tmo!%heric Storage #art & #re!!uri'ed Storage #art ( )e*rigerated Storage #art + Tan Main om%onent! om%o nent! #art #art De!ign De!ign on!t on!truc ructio tion n
PART 1 Introduction
hat i! a Storage Stora ge Ta Tan
Liquid
Gas
hy i! a Tan %otentia>>y ha'ardou!
34E 53$6TITIES 78 8$MM$BET7;I 83IDS
8I)EE;#7SI76#73TI76
7SS 78 3M$6 I8E E6
8ai>ure U can never suppress it …. Just wait till all the oil will be burnt and make sure other tanks will not be in fire
o to a!!ure Mechanica> Integrity o* Tan
?Sy!tem@ Se>ection
E/ten!iAe $na>y!i!
De!ign
)ecogni'ed Standard
8abrication
5ua>i*ied 8abricator
Te!t! and In!%ection!
)ecogni'ed In!%ector
Tank is not an “Equipment”, but a “System”. “System” seection is t!e seection o" storage p!iosop!y, roo" type, #ateria and degree o" protection required “$ontainment $assi"ication”.
Storage #hi>o!o%hy %$ 1)*
arg )**
A# *
'* )*
&1*
1
&)*
*.+ &+* *.) &1)*
*.*+ AT#
&1'(
&*.*+ &*.) ./.
-TS
-TS
Liqui d
Storage Tan! >a!!i*ication
8>uid
Liqui d
Gas
Storage ondition! $TM
C#
$MB
-T
+P -T
on!truction Flat Bottom
Sphere
Bullet
PART ) Atmosp!eric Storage
8i/ed )oo* one Dome
8>oating )oo* Interna>
8>oating )oo* E/terna>
#an 8>oating )oo* 20m
It! i! the !im%>e!t *orm o* *>oating roo*, it i! mere>y a >arge, *>at %an ,!>ight>y !ma>>er in diameter than the in!ide o* the tan !he>>. It i! %roAided ith a !y!tem o* *>e/ib>e ?!hoe!@ to c>o!e the !%ace beteen the edge o* the roo* and the tan !he>>.
#ontoon 8>oating )oo* +0m
The *>oating roo* i! bui>t *rom a !erie! o* ?%ontoon!,@ or c>o!ed com%artment!, around it! outer edge to increa!e *>oating !tabi>ity and to !im%>i*y the !tructure
Doub>e Dec 8>oating )oo* F+0m
The ? doub>e-dec@ ty%e em%>oy! to !e%arate dec! o* !tee> %>ate oAer the entire tan area. The !%ace beteen the u%%er and >oer %>ate! i! diAided into com%artment!. ith thi! ty%e o* roo* the oi> i! neAer in contact ith the under!ide o* a %>ate ho!e to% !ur*ace i! direct>y e/%o!ed to the !un! ray!.
PART 0 Pressuried Storage
#>ain emi!%heroid
6oded emi!%heroid
#>ain S%heroida>
6oded S%heroida>
PART 2 Re"rigerated Storage
4a!e! Materia>! 3as
Storage Temp. 4%$5
#ateria o" $onstruction 4parts in contact 6it! stored medium5
/$# utane Ammonia7$!orine
* &1* &00
8$S A+1'&99
Propane Propyene $arbon :io;ide
&2) &2< &+1
=T$S A +0< 3r. 17) A <0< 3r.
Et!ane Et!yene
&>* &1*0
+?-i A'2+
#et!ane 4=-35
&1')
>?-i A++0
@;ygen Argon -itrogen ydrogen eium
&1(0 &1(' &1>' &)+0 &)'(
A. SS
Aoys +*+) 7 +*(' 7 +*(0 A)2*&0*2 7 0*2=
Sing>e ontainment Al. Jacket Outer Tank
@ny Inner “S!e” is designed and constructed to contain t!e re"rigerated iquid. Any additiona e;terna “Tank” is primariy "or t!e retention and protection o" insuation and to constrain t!e Bapor purge gas pressure, but is not designed to contain re"rigerated iquid in t!e eBent o" eakage "rom t!e inner “S!e”.
Doub>e ontainment
Outer Tank
Outer Wall (2nd Container)
ot! Inner “S!e” and @uter “Ca” are independenty capabe to contain t!e re"rigerated iquid. ut, @uter “Ca” is not capabe to contain any Bapor resuting "rom product eakage "rom t!e inner “S!e”
8u>> ontainment
Outer Tank (2ndContainer)
ot! Inner “S!e” D @uter “Tank” are capabe to contain t!e =-3 6it!out ot!er support. @uter “Tank” is capabe to 6it!stands E;terna oadings. T!e option o" concrete 6a is capabe o" 6it!standing !ig!er e;terna emergency oadings t!an an outer stee tank 4increase o" sa"ety5 T!e concrete roo" increases t!e sa"ety again. It is ess susceptibe to damage "rom e;terna "orces and !as better "ire resistance properties
8u>> ontainment Tan om%onent!
+. R$ <. (. >. 1). 1*. 0. 2. '. 11. 1. ). Roo" P$ Suspended R$ Inner Roo" R$ Suspension Side Second Pies Side Roo" =iner ottom =iner S!e Insuation Beteen Insuation Ca arrier :eck $>uminum $$#i>e! Sab $ # !tee> Rod 9G6i concrete !tee> concrete #er>ite In!u%%ort roo* Stain>e!! ) the !tee> !ide >iner roo* Aery %oder concrete the >iner inner a>> the a>>oy i! ha! rare inner tan in!ta>>ed i! !tee> tan !u!%ended athe in!ta>>ed or ca!e !tructure 64-tight !he>> bottom g>a!! adAantage i! !u!%en!ion on o* an and inner on the !>ab o%en oo> dec outer de!ign the in!ide tan o* ith in!ide to% i! !u%%ort! !ide rod! %rotection and *ace u!ed >eaage, !tructure %i>e! a>> *ace mono>ithic hang o**or the i! the i! o**i>>ed 64 *rom roo* and the ) heat roo* # ho>d! connection! to *rom !ide *oundation ith i>> in!u>ation in!u>ation. ee% 64 !u!%ended accumu>ate %er>ite a>> adHacent natura> into are it.o* %oder to ee% made the maintain ga! *ire! dec in!ide natura> tan. Aa%or to beteen and *rom mae the o*ga! in!ide. *rom the the in!ide !ide Aa%or a>> 9G6i roo* the in!u>ation. tem%erature. and !tructure. in!ide. im%act !tee> roo*, !econdary o* a>>*>ying and
Tan oading! Singe $ontainment
:oube $ontainment
u $ontainment
Singe Stee Tank
:oube Stee Tank
Singe Stee Tank
:oube Stee Tank
Singe Tank
:oube Tank
S S
S T
S, C S
S, T T
-.A
S,T T
S S S S S S S
S S,T T S,T T T T
S,C S S S S S S
S,C S,T T S,T,C T,C T T
$A- $@-TAI-S =iquid T A EBaporated 3as T S CITSTA-:S T R =iquid Static ead A 3as Pressure P Roo" 8 - Seismic A Cind T Piping =oading @t!er E;t. =oads
S Inner “S!e” T @uter “Tank” C @uter “Ca”
-.A.
S,T T , 4S5 T S,T T T T
PART + Tank #ain $omponents
om%onent! O!en "ent 'oo Leg
(Goose #eck)
Guide Pole
Gauge Hatch
Pontoon . H.
'i% "ent
$eal ) n e g % u u a l o G l C e l & l e i t L $ (
'oo rain Clean Out oor ra* O $u%!
PART ' :esign D $onstruction
Standard!
$#I +0
$#I 20
$#I 128
BS
E6-1(01+
SHEET
Bottom 11**
She>>
)oo*
64 Tan on!truction
#>acing concrete o* the bottom !>ab
Bottom heater %i%ing or
# a>> or )oo* Structure
i*ting by $ir-rai!ing 8i/ing )oo* Structure
oncrete )oo* or
e>ding o* concrete >iner #>ate!
Bottom In!u>ation
Inner Tan or
9G nice> Inner Tan #um% Stand #i%e
64 Tan $na>y!i!
o>ding-don Stra%
