Intro ntroduc ductio tionn to Coiled Coiled Tubi Tubing ng
Coi oile ledd Tub ubin ingg Serv rvic icees Obj bjeecti ctive ve
The innovative intervention solutions provided via Schlumberger Coiled Tubing Services are designed to improve well and reservoir performance.
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Agg en A endd a Business Overview CT Surface Equipment CT String Manufacturing, Limitations CT Applications AC A CTive* Discovery MLT
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Prod roduct uct Portf Portfoli olios os Our product portfolio por tfolio includes all the tools and services services you nee needd for efficient and and effective CT int interventions erventions
Coiled Tubin Tubingg Equipment
– Units its – Data Acquisit isitio ion n
Coiled Tubing Fluid Applic ations – – – – – – –
Coiled Tubing Tubing Tools – – – – – –
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Well Kill ill / Kick ick Off Nitr itrogen Applic lication ions Wellb llbore Fill ill Removal Acid and Screen Wash Matrix trix acidiz idizin ing g Chemica ical Treatments and Shut offs CT Cementing ing Flow low Contro trol Scale Removal Fish ishing ing Zonal Isolat lation ion Milli illin ng/ Drilli illin ng / Underreaming ing Tubing ing Cuttin ting
Coiled Tubing Tubing Loggi Logging ng and Perfor Perforating ating – Perfor forating ing – Logging ing
Coiled Tubing Tubing Completions – – – –
Veloc locity ity String ing Complet letion ion – Convention ional and Spoolab lable ESP Sand Management – Gravel Pack and Consolid lidation ion
Advv anc Ad anced ed Servi Ser vicc es – – – –
Live ive Downhole Coile iled Tubing ing Service ices Integ tegrated Coile iled Tubing ing Production ion Service ice Vantage Coile iled Tubing ing Logging ing CoilF ilFLATE Inf Inflat latable Packer
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Our Profile
Largest CT Provider in the World – > 320 CT Units worldwide – 16% of world fleet – Operate in over 40 countries – Overall Market Share 38% Worldwide CT Market
Perform in excess of 14,000 jobs per year
4,000
Total Market
SLB
3,500 3,000 2,500 M $
2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
2010 CT Operational Breakdown 1% 1% 2% 3%
3%
Total 15%
4% 4% 4%
11%
5% 5%
10% 5% 7%
10% 7%
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Coiled Tubing Wellbore Cleanout Coiled Tubing Well Circulation Coiled Tubing Matrix Non-Service Related N2 Services Only - No CT Coiled Tubing Equipment Rental Coiled Tubing Tool Conveyance Coiled Tubing Milling Coiled Tubing Recharges Only Coiled Tubing Cementing Coiled Tubing Logging Coiled Tubing Fishing / Retrieval Coiled Tubing Completion Coiled Tubing Perforating Tool Service - No CT Coiled Tubing Fracturing Coiled Tubing ACTive Matrix Coiled Tubing ACTive Perforating (0%) Coiled Tubing ACTive Cleanout (0%) CT-SCTRL (Coiled Tubing Sand Control) (0%) Coiled Tubing ACTive Isolation (0%) Directional Overbalanced (0%) CTD Directional Underbalanced (0%)
W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Common Intervention Methods Where Coiled Tubing Fits Intervention Methods g n i r e e n i g n E f o l e v e L d e r i u q e R
Coiled Tubing
Snubbing Unit Slick Line
Workover Rig
Cost & Duration of Intervention
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
1. CT Surface Equipment
Coiled Tubing Unit
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Prime Mover
Control Cabin / Console
Tubing Reel
Injector Head
BOP/Stripper
Lifting Equipment
W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Injector Head – Functions Basic functions of the injector head or equipment normally mounted on the injector head include:
Injecting and retrieving the CT string
Holding the CT string static
Guiding the CT to the reel
Tension/compression measurement (weight indicator)
Depth/speed measurement (depth system sensor)
Mounting place for primary pressure barrier (stripper)
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Chain System – Hydra-Rig
Typical chain system includes: – Drive sprocket/system (1) – Inside tensioners (2) – Outside tensioners (3) – Lower idling sprocket (4)
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Injector Head – Typical Specifications Injector Head Model HR 240
HR 440
HR 480
Min. tubing size
1
1-1/4
1-1/2
Max. tubing size
1-1/2
2-3/8
3-1/2
open loop (lbf.)
20,000
40,000
80,000
closed loop (lbf.)
20,000
60,000
100,000
Max. snubbing force (lbf.)
10,000
20,000
40,000
Max. running speed (fpm)
200
240
150
Length (in.)
53
55
64
Width (in.)
34
52
64
Height (in.)
65
80
109
3,400
7,800
12,650
Capacities
Max. pulling force
Dimensions
Weight (lbm)
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
New Generations – HR 580
Performance Data: – – – – – –
80,000 lb. Continuous Pull curves 40,000 lb. Continuous Snubbing 150 feet/min. Maximum speed 1-1/2” through 3-1/2” tubing sizes Capable of running new 120,000 psi tubing Superior slow speed control (inches per minute) – 95,000 lb. lifting capacity through outer frame (CT) – 80,000 lb. Lifting capacity from stripper (Stack)
Weights (Basic): – 10,800 lbs. Assembled weight with 72” gooseneck, stripper box, minimal handling slings, lube tank
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
HR 680
Performance Data: – 80,000 lb. Continuous Pull curves – 40,000 lb. Continuous Snubbing – 150 feet/min. Maximum speed – 1-1/2” through 3-1/2” tubing sizes – Capable of running new 120,000 psi tubing – Superior slow speed control (inches per minute) – 95,000 lb. Lifting capacity through outer frame – 80,000 lb. Lifting capacity from stripper
Weights (Basic): – 9,500 lbs. Assembled weight with 72” gooseneck, stripper box, minimal handling slings, lube tank.
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Guide Arch The “ 44” rule …..
Recommendations
HR 240 - 72-in. HR 480 - 108-in.
Tubing Size (in.)
Radius (in.)
1-1/4
48 to 72
1-1/2
48 to 72
1-3/4
72 to 96
2
72 to 96
2-3/8
90 to 120
2-7/8
90 to 120
3-1/2
96 to 120
HR 240 - 50-in.
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CT Well Control Equipment
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Equipment providing pressure control in live well operations
Stripper
BOP
Check valve in the BHA
… Why ??
W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Stripper
Primary Well Control
Hydraulically actuated
10,000 or 15,000 psi WP
3 different configurations – Top loaded – Side Door – Radial (High Pressure)
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
BOP Features WHP Sensor Port Blind ram Shear Ram 2” side port Slip ram Pipe ram Equalizing Valves
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Other BOPs Upper flange/connection adapter
Pressure port
Blind/shear rams
Equalizing valve Kill port Equalizing valve Pipe/slip rams Lower flange/connection adapter
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CT Reel – Functions 5
Basic functions of the reel:
Storing and protecting the CT string – reel drum (1)
Maintaining proper tension between reel and injector head (reel drive system)
Efficiently spooling the CT string onto the reel drum - levelwind system (2)
Circulating fluids with the drum rotating – swivel (3)
Application of protective coating or inhibitor on tubing string - tubing lubricator system (4)
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1 1 3 3 4
CT depth measurement system - reel mounted counter and integrity monitor (5) This is always the heaviest load. Determines logistics and applicability in many situations !
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Reel Models and Capacities Hydra-Rig Reel Model/Configuration Tubing Size
1015
2015
3015
3020
4122
1-1/4-in.
15,000
22,500
25,000
25,000
25,000
1-1/2-in.
10,000
15,100
22,000
25,000
25,000
1-3/4-in.
N/A
11,200
15,000
20,000
25,000
2-in.
N/A
8,500
11,000
15,000
22,500
2-3/8-in.
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
15,300
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Reel Models
Reel Size Comparison
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CTU Power Pack and Control Cab X-11
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CTU – Skid Mounted Skid Mounted for Land or Offshore Operations
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CTU – Ba Barge rge Moun Mounte tedd L ak e Mar ac ai b o B ar g e Un i t
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Ni g er i an B ar g e Un i t
W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CT Ex p r es s Coiled Tubing Tubin g Express
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Trailer mou mounted nted CT CTU U– Example xampless of Slb Units
W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
2. CT Str trin ingg Manu Manufact factur urin ing, g, Limi Li mitatio tations ns and Pip ipee Manage nagement ment
The Bi Birth rth of Coiled Tub Tubin ingg PLUTO Project: 7 x 3in. ID pipelines from England to France During World War II
The PLUTO (Pipe Line Under the Ocean) project.
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CT String Manufacturing and Construction CT is manufactured from flat metal strips, called skelps. String construction and manufacturing processes depend on: Type of assembly weld (butt weld, bias weld) Wall thickness configuration (non-tapered, tapered, true taper) Special purpose strings (weld bead removal, coated CT)
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Weld surface finished WELDand SURFACE FINISHED heat treated AND HEAT TREATED
In line seam welding IN-LINE SEAM WELDING
Sheet Alloy
SHEET ALLOY
ROLLERS PRESSING Rollers pressing sheet SHEET INTO TUBE
into tube
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
String construction and manufacturing processes depend on: Type of assembly weld (butt weld, bias weld) Wall thickness configuration (non-tapered, tapered, true taper) Special purpose strings (weld bead removal, coated CT)
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Coiled Tubing Products
Grades 60000 to 130000 psi Yield Materials
Configurations
Butt Welded
Continuous Milled (Bias Weld)
Tapered Strings
True Tapered Strings
Manufacturers Tenaris - e.g. HS80 and HS80CM – HS80 CRA (corrosion-resistant alloy)
Quality Tubing - e.g. QT80 and QT800 – QT -16Cr WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CT String Evolution
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Butt Welds
A high percentage of failures occur in the HAZ of the weld bead.
The material in this area fatigues much more rapidly than the parent material, especially in a sour gas environment.
Butt-welded CT string showing Butt weld profile
the HAZ.
HAZ (Heat Affected Zone): approximately 3/8” from the weld
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Butt welds
Failures
Butt welds typically fail during cycling, not during tensile overloads
Butt welds fail in their heat affected zone (HAZ)
Welding should be considered a heat treatment, increasing the hardness of the steel
Harder material becomes brittle
Brittle material have poor H2S resistance
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Biased Weld Tube Construction
Strip preparation
Tube formed
Weld completed and area heat treated
Helical weld form of biased weld
Longitudinal seam weld
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Tapered CT String Optimizing the CT string configuration for working at depth
Heavier wall
Intermediate
Lighter wall
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Limitations - Pressure and Tension
Pressure, tension and bending
Pressure and bending
Tension and compression
Pressure, tension and possible torque
Effects closely related (cumulative forces)
operating limits should consider both factors
For example, increasing tension: – Lowers collapse resistance – Increases burst resistance WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CT Limitations
Burst Burst Tensile Compression Compression
Collapse
Tensile Collapse
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Pressure and Tension Limits Biaxial Plot – 1st Generation ) i s p (
E R U S S E R P T S R U B
12,000
0.095-in. Wall Thickness
8,000
0.134” Wall Thickness
0.109-in. Wall Thickness
0.109” Wall Thickness
4,000
0.134-in. Wall Thickness
0.095” Wall Thickness 4
s p
4,000
12 20 TUBING LOAD (lb x 1000)
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36
8,000
12,000
Biaxial Plot of Pressure and Tension Limits WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Collapse Pressure and Ovality
Limitations of pipe NOT so straightforward!
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Understanding the CoilLIMIT Plot Schlumberger
CoilCADE*
CoilLIMIT for Design 07-29-2003
CoilLIMIT D esign Plot (w ith H elical Buckling) 15000
OD - 1.500 in Min. W all Thick - 0.104 in Yield Strength - 90000.0 psi Hole ID - 3 .060 in Max Po - 0.0 psi Max Pi - 0.0 psi Max OD Ratio - 101.00 % Min OD Ratio - 99.00 %
W orking Limit Theoretical Limit
10000
l a i t n i 5000 s p e r e r e u f s f s i e r 0 P D l a i t n e e r r e f f u i D s -5000 ) s i e s r p P (
Burst (Pressure inside CT > Annular Press)
Collapse (Pressure inside CT < Annular Press)
-10000
-15000 -30000
-2 0000
-10000
0
10000 Fo rce - lbf
Effective Force (lbf)
20000
30000
40000
50000
80% of the Yield Strength of the Pipe
*Mark of Schlumberger
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Determine the Safe Working Envelope The CoilLIMIT* module (part of the CoilCADE software suite) determines pressure and tension limits which are:
Based on:
physical properties of the material
geometry of the tube – Diameter, ovality and wall thickness (compensated for corrosive service)
relationship between pressure and tension effects
anticipated wellbore conditions
Prepared for each tubing size (OD and wall thickness)
Determined using Von Mises incipient yield criteria, i.e., advanced equations/algorithms
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CT Limitations - Recap
Pressure and Tension Limits Material Specifications – Single dimension. Only pressure or axial force
Non-Calculated Limits – Worse case scenario limits, regardless of material specifications and history.
Biaxial Ellipse Curves – Two dimensional. Combination of pressure and axial force
CoilLIMIT Envelope – Three dimensional. Combination of pressure, axial forces and ovality.
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CoilLIMIT - Real Time
Real Time Information
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Tubing Forces Prediction Total ACA 810 09-10-2011
CoilCADE* Coiled Tubing Weight Indicator Load 50000
40000 Pickup 30000 f b l d a o L 20000 r o t a c i d n 10000 I t h g i e W 0
Maximum Pickup (before 80%% of yield stress) Slackoff Minimum Slackoff (before lockup and 80%% of yield stress)
Stripper Friction Load - 1500 lbf Well Head Pressure - 200 psi Coiled Tubing Circ. Pressure - 4000 psi Tensile Load on Tool at Max Depth - 0 lbf Compressive Load on Tool at Max Depth - 0 lbf
-10000
-20000 0
1000
2000
3000
4000
Measured Depth of Tool String - m
*Mark of Schlumberger
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
5000
Monitoring Ovality UTIM – Universal Tubing Integrity Monitor
UTLM – Universal Tubing Length Monitor
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
UTIM Display
Scrolling display
Graphical and numeric outputs
Max/Min OD
Alert/alarm Referenced with depth
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CoilLIFE - Keeping Track of Fatigue CoilCAT CoilLIFE
16 Life
14 12 10 8 6 Life - % Fatigue 4 2 0
0
2000
4000 Distance from CT downhole end - ft
6000
8000
(c)Schlu mbergerDowell 1994-96
1. CoilLIFE stored on reel 2. CoilLIFE transferred to Data Acquisition system prior to job
CoilCAT CoilLIFE
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Current Life Prev. Life Weld
14 12 10 8 6 Life - % Fatigue 4 2 0
0 2000 4000 3. CoilLIFE Updated during Distance fromjob CT downhole end - ft
6000
8000
(c) Schlumberger Dowell 1994-96
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Pipe Management A Storage Corrosion Mitigation system to keep CT in its original condition
Designed to minimize the exposure to corrosion damage
Once corrosion occurs, it remains for the life of the pipe
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Why Pipe Management?
36 % of total pipe failure related to corrosion
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Pipe Management ID Application Process
ID Inhibitor Solution
Foam Pig
Nitrogen
Foam Pig
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Pipe Management OD Application Process CT Depth Encoder
CT
CT
Oiler
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Surface Efficiency “ Measuring Up” “Listen to the Coiled Tubing” B
C
A D
• • • • •
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Wall Thickness Point A: 0.207” Point B: 0.166” Point C: 0.071” Point D: 0.182”
CT InSpec
Device mounts directly on levelwind
Data integrated w/ UTLM and fed to CoilCAT (acquisition system)
W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CT InSpec Layout Ultrasonic Probes
Drip pan
Elastomer Element
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CoilSCAN - CTPID
Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL)
Non-static pipe contact
Pipe wear detection, including
Corrosion, pitting, WT and Ovality
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CT depth and speed monitoring
W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
CoilSAVER - “ Protecting Your Investment” Well protection Mitigation for over-snub and over-pull incidents Solves “reaction time” problem Adaptable to existing fleet
W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Investigating Failures
Typical Methods
Visual and/or Lab
Investigation
Obvious Conclusion
Not so Obvious
Total Mystery
Operated within string Operated outside oflimit its NoWork corrosive Envelope Operated closefluids to its Limits Low10 fatigue life Acid Jobs 65% Fatigue Life
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Questions ?
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
3. CT Applications
A. Fluids conveying
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Well Kill/Kick-Off (Fluid Circulation) Fluid circulation and placement:
Dense fluid – well kill
Light fluid – kick-off
Design services used to optimize:
Surface choke control
Fluid volumes
Depths to position CT
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Nitrogen Applications Nitrogen is used to displace fluids from the wellbore. Two main applications
Kick Off – As the fluids are displaced and the pressure exerted on the reservoir decreases, the hydrocarbon begins to flow.
Underbalance preparation – Fluids are displaced by Nitrogen until the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid is reduced to the desired level for
Engineered solutions using CoilCADE Software used to – Select optimum depth – Select lowest practicable N2 rate
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Wellbore Fill Removal Coiled tubing (CT) cleanouts are used to clean debris and/or particulates from wellbores. Water- or oil-based fluids can be used, mixed with nitrogen if required. Most cleanouts are done with a simple BHA consisting of a connector, a double check valve, and a wash nozzle. Wash nozzles are offered in many different configurations, depending on the particular job and preference.
Engineered services provided to model accurately taking into consideration: – Wellbore profile and BHP – Fluid characteristics and rate
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Acid Wash CT is placed across the required interval and reciprocated while pumping acid. Ensures acid is not contaminated with borehole debris from above the zone of interest. Engineered software used to optimize:
Length of interval treated
Fluid delivery rate
Inhibition schedules (Temperature)
Flow-back or clean-up
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Screen Wash CT is used to jet along screen sections to remove soft and soluble deposits, by both fluid circulation and chemical dissolution methods. Engineering and software utilized to optimize:
Fluid selections and schedules
Nozzle type and stand-off
Based on geometry and type of screen
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Jet Blaster Existing 1-11/16 OD Blaster
New 2-7/8 Blaster
•Works in 2-3/8, 2-7/8, 3-1/2” Completions.
•Works in 4” through 9-5/8” Casing.
•Low Strength in Larger Completions.
•100,000 # Tensile / Compressive Strength.
•Hydraulic Friction Losses are Excessive If Flow Rate > 6 bpm.
•Choose from “Fully Recessed” to “All Radial” Jetting Heads. •Operates up to 10 bpm.
• No “Recessed” Nozzle Heads. •Uses Same “Surface “Radial Only” Hardware” as Existing Blaster.
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W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Matrix Acidizing - Diverted CT is placed across the perforated interval and reciprocated while the acid is pumped, placing the unspent and undiluted acid directly across the interval in question. The acid is not contaminated with borehole debris when it is placed though CT. Furthermore, live acid does not contact the wellbore, thereby protecting the production tubing and hardware. The well can be put back on production immediately after the stimulation operation by jetting it with nitrogen pumped through the CT. This reduces the chance of any by-products precipitating as the acid is spent.
Engineered servcies ensure treatment is designed considering : – Length of interval – Type, quality and placement of diverter
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Chemical Treatment Utilized for removal of soluble deposits (waxes, parafins, etc) from wellbore or perforations. CT is placed across the required interval and reciprocated while pumping desired chemicals. Ensures chemicals are not contaminated with borehole debris from above the zone of interest. Treatments optimized through:
Determination of deposit chemical composition
Determination of surface area of deposits
Optimizing penetration rates and use of mechanical assistance (jetting)
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Water Control – Polymer Injection Techniques utilized can be pumping only, pumping with use of downhole tools for diversion. During treatment, chemicals are injected into formation to shut off water production. Treatnents optimized by :
Minimizing treatment interval length
Accurate placement reduces
communication between zones
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Cement Placement When wells are abandoned or recompleted, CT can place very small volumes of cement inside the well very accurately. The cement can be placed as a balanced plug at an exact spot in the well. Perforations can be squeezed and fluids can be pumped to dress off the top of a plug or to clean out any excess cement inside the well. Consequently, less preparatory work is required to recomplete the well. Engineering services ensure accurate placement of cement slurry considering:
Temperature and pressure conditions
Cement slurry characteristics
Cement column stability
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
B. Conveying Tools
Compatible with CT operations
Handling of toolstring – Insertion and retrieval process
Wellbore conditions – Pressure, temperature, fluid compatibility
CT string force/movement
73
Depth control – Accurate placement / correlation
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Flow Control Operation of completion equipment
Sliding sleeve
Plug setting and retrieval
Gauge placement and retrieval
Design services utilized to model and optimize:
74
Setting and retrieval forces (TFM) at the desired depth and deviation
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Scale Removal Removal of inorganic salts (may be combined with organic deposits)
Reduced flow area (ultimately plug)
Increased roughness
Preventing wellbore access
Design services consider:
Type of scale - soluble, insoluble
Location of scale - tubulars, completion components
With a view to optimizing Bottom hole assembly, fluid schedules and types and forces to be placed on BHA’s
75
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Fishing
Removal of large debris from wellbore for example, magnetic, catchable (internal or external), wire, etc.
Size, type and position of fish taken into consideration while designing fishing bottom hole assembly, coiled tubing string and forces to be applied during retrieval
76
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Fishing tools
Series 150
Fishing Magnets
Boot Baskets
VenturiJunk Basket
Series 70 Short Catch
Series 10 Sucker Rod
Series 20 Short Catch Sucker Rod
Flow Activated Alligator Grab 77
W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Wire Grab
Zonal Isolation Permanent or temporary isolation of producing zone utilizing one of the following:
Bridge plug (permanent/retrievable)
Bridge plug + cement
Retainer + cement
Design services utilized to ensure optimum placement, bottom hole assembly and fluid rates.
78
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Selective Fluid Placement Selective placement of treatment fluids through dual packer assembly
Straddle assembly
Packer - bridge plug combination
Design services utilized to optimize:
Placement of tools - depth
Treatment volume and rates
Coiled tubing forces at depth – For setting and retrieval
79
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Milling/Drilling
CT is run with motor and will for the removal of hard material such as wellbore deposits (hard scale), cement or cured treatment fluids or fish/plug
Mill, toolstringdesign and fluid pumping schedules optimisedfor wellbore geometry and rates. Coiled tubing string design optimisedto ensure correct weight on bit achievable.
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
PDC Mill
Mills Different objects to be milled require different mills – –
Aggressive mills for soft or loose objects (proppant, sand, composite plugs) Non-aggressive mills for hard objects (nipple profiles, hardened material)
Full suite of standard mills available – – – –
5-bladed junk mills, universal mill for junk, fill, soft metal Taper mills, reaming of obstructions, mill out restrictions Hurricane mills, for composite plugs, cement and abrasive material Aardvark Mills, as hurricane mill, but tapered
Several specialty mills available – – – – –
Star Cutter Mills, special bladed mill for StageFRAC(one-trip) Step mills, stepped mill faces, for hard jewelry (nipple profiles) String Mills, mill through collapsed tubing, reaming after nipple mill out PDC Mills, for very hard material, long sections of cement Rotary shoes, to wash over objects
Aardv ark Mill
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Hurricane Mill
Step Mill
Star Cutter Mill
Bladed Junk Mill
l l i M r e p a T
Concave Mill
W EL L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Rotary Shoe
String Mill
Underreaming Utilized where coiled tubing requires to mill below the production tubing or a restriction. Typical uses are for scale, cement or open hole sections. Toolstring and pumping schedules designed for:
Hole size/geometry
Material to be removed
Length of interval
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
Tubing Cutting Typically utilizes rotary internal cutting for:
Tailpipe removal (drop)
Tubing string cut (retrieval)
Design and toolstring optimized for:
Tubing geometry
Tubing material
Cutter stability
Coiled Tubing forces at cutting depth
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WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
C. CT Logging CTL Definition
The conveying of tools with Coiled Tubing whereby the downhole to and from surface telemetry occurs through a wire
Includes Downhole Sensor Package (DSP) treatments
Exceptions – VIPER type BHA’s for CT Drilling, Perforating Guns and Memory Gauges
Applications
84
Pushing logging tools in high angle wells, pumping while logging and logging while pumping
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N
System Components - CT Logging Coiled Tubing with internal Cable
Collector
Pressure Bulkhead
Deployment System
Logging Unit
CT Logging Head Logging Suite
85
WE L L I N T E R V E N T I O N