Tourism concepts
The tourism society…
Introduction to tourism
Tourism is deemed to include any activity concerned with temporary short term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and their activities during the stay at these destinations.
Dr. Nimit Chowdhary Professor
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
September 17, 2007
Visitor demand Who are residents of countries other than that being visited and travel for tourism purposes. Inbound tourism
International visitors
Who are residents of a country visiting other countries and travel for tourism purposes. Outbound tourism
Residents
Visiting destinations within their own country’s boundaries who travel for tourism purposes. Domestic tourism (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
Tourism Concepts
z z z
Business Congress Convention Family Friends
September 17, 2007
Tourism Concepts
Tourist
Excursionists
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management 3
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
4
Excursionists
A visitor staying more than 24 hours in a country and making an overnight stay for any of the following reasons:
z
2
Visitor
Tourist
z
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
Visitor- the Consumer
International visitors
September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
Tourism Concepts
z z z z z
Health Holiday Leisure Meeting Mission (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
z z z z z
Recreation Religion Sport Study Vacation
Tourism Concepts
Are classed as temporary visitors staying less than 24 hours, including cruise travelers but excluding travelers in transit.
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management 5
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
6
1
Tourism! z z z z
Tourism- a process
Experimental Ephemeral Experiential Edutainment
z Tourism Concepts
z
A combination of tangible and intangible tourism products Scope of these products z z z
z
Attraction Access Amenities
Organized as a seamless supply chain
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
7
Tourism- a supply chain z
Providers need to be effective with tourism products along tourism supply chain z z z
z
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management September 17, 2007
z Tourism Concepts
Efficient with products Creativity in combining products and delivery Technology leverage
z
Suppliers Tourism Products
September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
WTO, 1992- subsequently ratified by the UN Statistical Commission
September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
8
Tourism Suppliers is a business such as attraction, hotel or other type of accommodation, restaurant, transportation company, tour wholesaler, travel agency etc.
z
z
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management 9
Tourism Concepts
Tourism Products z
Working definition of travel and tourism Tourism comprises the activities of traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes.
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
Tourism- a supply chain
Supply Chain z
Tourism Concepts
Tangibles- furnishings in a hotel, food served in a restaurant, etc, Intangibles- atmosphere at a resort, service provided by an airlines
September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management 10
Understanding this definition 1. Tourism Concepts
2.
Visitor activity is concerned only with aspects of life outside normal routines of work and social commitments, and outside the location of those routines. The activity necessitates travel and, in nearly every case, some form of transport to the destination.
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management 11
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
12
2
5 characteristics of this definition
Understanding this definition 3.
4.
Specific destinations are the focus for a range of activities and a range of facilities required to support those activities. Such activities and facilities have a combination of economic, social and physical environmental effects that are the basis for tourism policy and visitor management programmes.
September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
1. Tourism Concepts
2.
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management 13
5 characteristics of this definition 3.
All tourism includes an element of travel but all travel is not tourism. The definition excludes all routine commuter travel and purely local travel such as to neighbourhood shops, schools or hospitals, etc.
There is nothing that restricts the total market to overnight stays; it includes same day visits. There is nothing in it that restricts the total market to travel for leisure or pleasure. It includes travel for business, social, religious, educational, sports, and most other purposes.
September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
5 characteristics of this definition 4. Tourism Concepts
15
5 characteristics of this definition 5.
All travel and tourism trips are temporary movements; the bulk of the total market comprises trips of no more than a few hours’ or nights’ duration.
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management 14
Travel and tourism absorbs large elements of individual leisure time and encompasses many recreational activities, but it is not synonymous with either because bulk of all leisure and recreation takes place in or around home.
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management September 17, 2007
Tourism Concepts
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
16
How tourism industry works Regulatory framework
Tourism Concepts
Influences on demand
DEMAND Domestic and international tourists
TRAVEL
SUPPLY Tourist destinations and facilities
Tourism Concepts
Tourism impacts
Tourism intermediaries Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
17
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
18
3
International tourism industry structure
Systematic link between demand and supply
September 17, 2007
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
Tourism Concepts
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management
19
Understanding tourism industry z z
Demand generators Suppliers z z
z
z
Attraction Amenities (accommodation) Access (transport)
z
Other players z z z z
International agencies Public sector Trade associations Multinational corporations
Tourism Concepts
z
Tour operators Travel agents
September 17, 2007
Scope of this course I-105 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
(C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
Accommodation sector Hotels/ motels Guest houses/ B & B Farm houses Apartments/ flats/ villas/ cottages Condominiums/ time share resorts Vacation villages/ holiday centres Conference/ exhibition centres Static and touring caravans/ camping sites Marinas
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management 21
Travel organizer's sector Tour operators Tour wholesalers/ brokers Retail travel agents Conference organizers Booking agencies (e.g. accommodation) Incentive travel organizers September 17, 2007
20
Attraction sector Theme parks Museums and galleries National parks Wildlife parks Gardens Heritage sites and centres Sports/ activity centres Themed retail/ leisure/ entertainment centres Festivals and events
Transport sector Airlines Shipping lines/ ferries Railways Bus/ coach operators Car rental operators
Intermediaries z
September 17, 2007
Main sectors of the travel and tourism industry
Destination organization sector National tourist offices (NTOs) Destination marketing organizations (DMOs) Regional/ state tourist offices Local tourist offices Tourist associations (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM
Tourism Concepts
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management 22
4
