Distillation is one of the separation processes that is used to separate various components of a liquid solution which depends upon the distribution of these components between a vapor phase phase and a liquid phase phase (Geankoplis, 2014). It It can be defined as a process in which a liquid or vapor mixture of two or more substances is separated into its component fractions of desired purity, by the application and removal of heat (Wan Zakaria, 2010). Distillation is the most widely used separation method in separating fluid mixtures on a commercial scale, it is thus an important part of many processes in the chemical and petrochemical industries. Wan Zakaria (2010) presented a list of examples of distillation process in the industry industr y such as to separate crude c rude oil into more fractions f ractions for specific speci fic uses such as transport, power generation and heating and water is distilled to remove impurities, such as salt from seawater. Some environmental applications of distillation are the separation of organic solvent/water mixtures and water removal for volume reduction prior to disposal of hazardous waste mixtures In this experiment, PIGNAT: DVI/100 Continuous Distillation Model was used to separate a mixture of ethanol and water at two different values of reflux ratio. A schematic diagram of the pilot plant setup is shown in Appendix. The reflux ratio was adjusted by regulating the flowrates of the part of liquid flowing back to the column and the part of the liquid drawn off from the system (production). The feed, distillate and residue were collected at the end of the experiment. 1.2
Objective of Experiment
To study the effect of reflux ratio to the density on the feeding mixture, residues, and distillate in distillation unit.
1.3
Scope of Experiment
To investigate the effect of reflux ratio to the density of the feeding mixture, residues, and distillate.
1.4
Significance of Experiment
To find out the best value of reflux ratio in order to obtain…..
REFERENCES
1. Geankoplis, C. J. (2014). Transport Processes and Separation Processes Principles (Includes Unit Operations). (4th Edition). Essex, England: Pearson. 2. Wan Norazlinda binti Wan Zakaria (2010). Effect of Reflux Ratio on Separation of Azeotropic Mixtures in Batch Distillation Column. Degree of Bachelor of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang.