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awG r S m tcG i f h x l ; cH o l e J U tcG i f h ta&;r&ol vlwef;pm;ESpf&yfyJ uG J c J h w mud k ; / tJ v d k u G J c J h w J h t cg usawmh tcG i f h x l ; cH o l t ay:rS m vnf; tcGifhta&;r&wJholu rk'd wmw&m;rxm;Ekdifbl;/ tcGifhxl; &wJholuvnf; tcGifhta&;r&wJh ol a wG t ay:rS m cG J j cm;quf q H w,f w,f/ tJ'D[mawGumvMum&Snf vmwJ h t cgrS m vl a wG r S m rk ' d w m w&m;tm; enf;wm? wpfa,mufeJU wpf a ,muf remvk d j zpf w mwk d Y ? uRefawmfwkdUjrefrmawG aumuf½kd; rD ; jzpf w mwk d U ? taMumif ; w&m; awGu tJ'gawG&Sdygw,f/ tJ'g awGu rjzpf dk rjzpfatmif jzwfzdkUqdkwmu tefw Dh taeeJ U pOf ; pm;rd w m&S d & if ajymygOD;cifAs.../ DASSK : tJ 'D uRef acwf rwk d if rD jyef oG m;r,f qk d &if aemuf qk H ;uk ef ;abmif acwf rS mqk d vd U&S k d &if oD aygacwf rS m,S Of NyKdifr,fh rif;nDrif;om;awG tm;vkH; owf ypf vk d uf w,f rvm;/ tJ 'gvnf ; vkHNcKHrIr&SdvkdUyJ/ tJ'D[musawmh tefwDu bmeJUoGm;NyD;qufpyfrd ovJ q k d a wmh ol w d k U &J U Law of Succession aygh/ rif;awGwufwJh tcgrS m b,f vk d Oya'awG t& wuf r,f qk d wm owf owf rS wf rS wf r&S d bl ;vd U k tef wD xif w,f/ tJ 'D awmh tm;vk H ; u aMumuf a e&w,f / b,f o l U ud k owf NyD ; b,f ol u eef ;vk rvJ qd k wm aMumuf ae&w,f/ tJ 'gu b,f ud k jyef NyD ;EG ,f oG m;ovJ qk d awmh tck acwf tefwDwdkU avmavmq,f&kef;uef ae&wJ h Oya'pk d ;rk d ;a&;aygh/ Oya'pk d; rd ;a&; k r&S d cJ h vk d U/ t&if wk ef ;u uk d vd k pmrsufESm -4- odkY . . .
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eD acwf rwk d if rD u Oya'pk d ;rk d ;a&; r&S d cJhbl;/ ukdvdkeDacwfwkef;u Oya' pkd;rdk;a&;&SdcJhw,f/ 'gayrJhudkvdkeD Oya'/ aemuf yk d if ;usawmh vG wf vyf a&;&NyD;wJhtcg umvrSm cyfwkdwkd av;rS mawmh Oya'pk d ;rk d ;a&;&S d cJ h w,f/ tajccHtm;jzifh w&m;rQwwJhOya' jzpf cJ h w,f/ aemuf tmPm&Si pepf f usawmh r&Sdjyefbl;/ Oya'pk ;rd d ;a&; k r&S d wJ h tcgusawmh b,f vl rS rvk H NcKH bl ;/ ud k ,f 'gvk yf &if 'gjzpf r,f qk d wm aoaocsmcsmrod &bl ;/ [k d vl u vk yf vd U k jzpf csif rS jzpf r,f/ ud k ,f vk yf vd k U vnf ;jzpf csif jzpf r,f qd k awmh tJ 'D [m rS mvnf ; pd wf vk H NcKH rI u wpf wk d if ;wpf jynfvkH;rSm r&Sdbl;vdkU tefwDxif w,f/ tJ'DtaMumif;wpf wpfckuawmh tJ 'gyJ/ tJ 'D awmh tef wD wk d Uu Oya' pkd;rkd;a&;? Oya'pkd;rdk;a&;eJU tJ'gukd od yf aZmif ;ay;aew,f/ wcs Uu Kd awmh xif r S m yJ / 'D w k d i f ; jynf r S m Oya' pk d; drk ;a&; r&S rSd e ;od f &J Uom;eJ U bmvk Ud Oya'pkd;rdk;a&;qdkNyD; ajymaevJaygh/ Oya'pk d ;rd ;a&; k r&S d rS ef ;vnf ;od &J Uom; eJ U bmjzpf vk d U Oya'vrf ;aMumif ;u oG m;r,f qk d NyD ;awmh ajymaevJ qk d awmh r&S d vd Y ku kd vk yf &wm/ [mud 'D k tpOf tvmjzpf oG m;atmif wG ef ;&wmaygh/ uRef rwd k UtaeeJ U 'D Oya'uk d av;pm; r,f/ 'DOya'vrf;aMumif;twkdif; oG m;r,f/ tJ 'D [moG m;vk d U vrf ;aMumif ; qk H ;wk dif atmif xd oG m;r,f/ tJ 'gudk ydwfwJhvlawGu olwdkY&JU tvkyf/ 'Dvrf ;udk avQmuf zd Uk u uRefrwk U&Jd U tvk yf/ Oya'pk d ;rd ;a&;om k d&S vd k U&S d &if jynf ol awG uawmf awmf awmh vk H NcKH rI &oG m;r,f/ csuf csif ;vuf iif ; jref jref qef qef eJ U tm;vk H ;uk d awmh uk ovd k U
r&ayr,f h ajym&r,f qk d &if a&m*gBuD ; w,fqdkygawmh/ a&m*gBuD;w,fqkd awmh aq;wpf rsKd ;wnf ;eJ Uawmh uk vd U k r&bl;/ 'gayrJh awmfawmf xd a&muf r,fh aq;wpf rsKd ;uawmh tJ' Oya' D pd k ;rd k ;a&;vk d U tef wD xif w,f/ 'D Ek d if iH rSm Oya'pk ;rd d k;a&;om&SdoGm;NyDqkd&if awmfawmf vk NcKH H r I &oGm;r,f/ vlBuD ; awG u vk H NcKH rI &&if ol wd k Uuav;awG ud k dyk NyD ;awmh ok H ;oyf Ek d if wmaygh/ tck usawmh vl BuD ;awGuvnf ; rvk H NcKH bl ;/ uav;awG ud k vnf ;vk H NcKH rI ray; Ek d if/ 'D uav;awG u BuD ;vmwJ h tcg usawmh vnf ; vk H NcKH rI r&S d qd k awmh *sm at; ol Ytar½k d uf ovd jzpf k aewmaygh/ Voice : uRefawmfem;vnfxm; wm Agree to Disagree oabmxm; rwl w mud k vuf c H e m;vnf a y;zd k Y qkdwm 'Drkdua&pD&JU tajccHyJaygh/ 'D r k d u a&pD t wG u f v k d Y 'D r d k u a&pD ta&;vd k Y emrnf c H x m;wJ h t zJ G U tpnf;awGrSm 'D Agree to Disagree r&S d b l ; jzpf a ew,f / 'gaMumif h y J tuJ tNyJ G awGjzpfaevm;vkdY/ t"du ajymcsifwmu e,fy,ftoD;oD;rSm &SdwJh txifu&jzpfaewJh yk d*¾dKvfawG OD ; aqmif w J h o l a wG u Agree to ukd d b,f b,fv vkdrkdrsm; sm; vuf vufaawG wGUU Disagree uk usif h o k H ; oif h o vJ v k d Y wpf q d w f avmufajymjyay;yg/ jymjyay;yg/ DASSK : yxrqH ;u k igeJ Yoabm rwl &ifi &ef gh ol qd k wJ h pd wf xm;rxm; eJ Y/ bmvd Y kv qk J d &if 'D tcsuf rS moabm rwl&if aemiftcsufrSm oabmwl Ek d if w,f qd wm/ k tJ 'D vd tj k rif us, us f ,f &S d&if trsm;BuD ;wd k ;wuf rI &S d vmr,f/ wpf csd ef wpf cgrS m oabmrwl ayr,f h aemuf wpf Bud rf rSm oabmwl rS myJ qd k wJ h pd wf rsKd ;tNrJ xm;oif h w,f vd kYxif w,f / 'D v d k r [k w f b J 'D w pf c k r S m rwnf h &if oG m;NyD b,f awmh rS rwnf h awmhbl;? vSnhfrMunfhawmhbl;vdkY jzpf oG m;wmyJ/ Agree to Disagree qd k wm 'gyJ / 'D tcsuf rS mawmh wd Y koabm rwlbl;/ udk,fhtjrifcsif;urwlbl; qd k wmud k vuf cH w,f/ rd wf ysuf p&m vnf ;rvd bl k ;/ rd wf zuf tqif h u &yf qJ oG m;p&mvnf ;rvd k bl ;/ aemif wpf csuf rS m jyef NyD ;wG J Ek d if r,f/ 'gaMumif h ol wd Y ku kd tNrJ ajymw,f/ dEk if iH a&;rS m xm0&rd wf aqG vnf ;r&S d bl ;/ xm0&
&efolvnf;r&Sdbl;qdkwm/ 'gvnf; tajccHwpfckyJ/ wcsKdUudpöawGrSm ud k ,ur[mrd u f r[mrd w f j zpf r ,f ,f / wcsKd U ud pö awG rS m ud k ,f u twk du tcH f jzpf oG m;r,f aygh/ 'gayrJ h tJ 'gaMumif h rd Y kv k Yd xm0&&efoljzpfoGm;wmr[kwfbl;/ ud k , f v k y f a ewJ h u d p ö e J Y yk * ¾ d K vf a &; cH pm;csu ud f k JcG jcm;Ek d if &r,f/ vH ;0 k 'D vd k oabmxm;Ek d if &if awmh aumif ;wmaygh/ 'gayrJ h 'D vd xm;Ek k d if zd Y kuawmh rvG ,f bl;aygh/ twkdif;twmwpf&yftxd awmh uG mjcm;rI xm;Ek di &r,f f / tJ 'g rxm;Ek d if &if awmh Agree to Disagree rjzpf Ek id b f ;l / igeJYoabmrwlwmu igh ud kr efk ;vd kYy?J ighukd wk d ufc k uf d wmyJ qd k wJ h tjrif ud k azsmuf &r,f/ Voice : aemufwpfcku t"du eJY omrnaygh/ Oyrm apmapmu tefu,fvf OD;0if;xdef uRefawmfh udkar;vdkufwJh ar;cGef;udkowd&vdkY ajymwmyg/ ppf w yf q d k w J h toH k ; tEIef;eJY wyfrawmfqdkwJha0g[m& tay:b,fvdkjrifovJ/ wyfrawmf uvlwpfpkeJYqkdifovm;/ jynfol vl x k w pf & yf v H k ; eJ Y qd k i f w mvm;/ wyfrawmfu b,fuaeaygufzGm; vmwmvJ/ wyfrawmfvdkYac:wmeJY ppfwyfvdkYac:wm bmuGmjcm;vJ/ Compromise vkyfzdkY Dialogue vkyf zdkY aeaeomom 'DrSmu ppfwyfeJY wyfr awmfqdkwJh a0g[m&tay:rSm awmif pdpd w f c H p m;rI j yif ; wJ h o l a wG &Sdygw,f/ tJ'gudk tefwDhtaeeJY t"du omrncGJNyD; &Sif;jyay;ap csifygw,f/ awmh tac:ta0: DASSK : wu,f qdkwm tajccHjyóem&SdvdkY tac: ta0:qd wmta&;B k u ;vmwm? D jyóem jzpfaewm/ wjcm;EkdifiHawG? 'Dvdk jyóemr&S d wJ h dEk if iH awG rS mqd k &if Military Forces vd kYvnf ;ac:r,f/ The ac:r,f/ tef wD Military vdkYac:&if wdkYi,fi,fuqdk&if ppfom;vdkYac: wmyJ/ &J abmf vd Y kvnf ;ac:&if ac:w,f/ 'gayrJh tJ'Dtcsdefu jyóemr&Sdyg bl ;/ ppf wyf vd Y kac:ac:? wyf rawmf vd k Y ac:ac: 'D vd y#d k yu© awG r&S d awmh tac: ta0:awG u jyóemr&S d bl ;/ tac: ta0:aMumif h jyóemjzpf wmr[k wf bl ;/ jyóemaMumif h tac:ta0:owd pmrsufESm -5- odkY . . .
- 5 xm;&r,f h tajctaejzpf vmwm/ Voice : ta&;BuD;wJhESpfck avmuf x yf a r;yg&ap/ Sanction ud pö yg/ Sanction u jynfolvlxk xd c d k u f apw,f/ rxdcdkufapbl;/ rxd a &muf bl ; / tusKd ; r&S d b l ; / jynf o l v l x k y J epf e mw,f q d k w m rsKd;ajymaewm ajymaewm &S &Sdygw,f/ Sanction ud p ö u d k b,f v k rd sm;pOf ; pm;xm; wm&SdygovJ/ DASSK : Sanction ud pö ud k ck eajym ovdktrsKd;rsKd;yJ ajymaeMuwmaygh/ 'Dudp ud ö k jyefoHk;oyfr,fv Ydkajymwm bmvJ qd k awmh Sanction &J U &nf &G ,f csu u f dEk if iH a&;&nf &G ,f csuf yJ/ 'gayrJ h tck a jymaewmu pD ; yG m ;a&; tusKd ;ud t"d k uxm;NyD ; ajymaeMuwm aygh/ tck 'D Sanction aMumif h pD ;yG m;a&; xdc ku d ?f jynf olvlx xd k c ku d w,f f vd Yk ajymaeMuwmaygh / wcsKd U uqd k pD ;yG m;a&;wif rubl;/ vlr a&;ygxd I cd uf k w,f vd Y kajymMuw,f/ vl om;csi ;f pmemwJh ud pö awG ud k xd cd k uf w,f vd k Y ajymMuw,f/ tJ 'D awmh tJ 'gawG ud k oH k ;oyf zd Y kv k w,f d / dEk if iH a&;tusKd ;u bm&S d vJ/ d&S ovm;? r&S d bl ;vm;/ pD ;yG m;a&; uaum bm&S d vJ/ vl rI a&;? vl om;csi ;f pmema&;ud pö awG rS maum b,f vd k xd a&muf rI&SdovJ qd wmawG k u d k tef wD wk d Yu aoaocsmcsmo aoaocsmcsmoH ;oyf kH csif w,f/ tef wD h tjrif rS mawmh vl om;csif ;pmem a&;ud pö awG rS m Sanction eJ Y bmrS rqk d if ygbl;/ 'gutjypf&SmcsifvdkYajymae wmyg/ 'geJ Y vH ;0rqk k d if bl ;vd Y kajymxm; NyD ;om;/ vl om;csif ;pmwJ h twG uf ay; wJ h &ef yH aiG k vd k tu tul tnD l ud k vH ;0ruef k Y uG uf bl ;vd Y kajymxm;NyD ;om;/ pD ;yG m;a&; eJ Y ywf ouf NyD ;awmh trsKd ;rsKd ;ajymMu wmaygh/ txnfcsKyfudpötrsm;qHk; ajymw,f/ txnf csKy ydf wf vd Y k vk yf om; 80ç000 avmuf epf emw,f vd Y ktrsm; qH k ;ajymw,f/ tck usawmh pD ;yG m;a&; xl xlaxmif axmif jzpfvmvd k Y wjcm; aps;uG uf &vmvd Y k jyef aumif ;vmw,f vd Y kajymw,f/ 'gawG u a&S UeJ Yaemuf rnD wJ h pum;awG aygh/ Sanction u bmrS xd a&muf wmr[k wf bl ;? z,f vd uf k qdk&if bmrSrxdcdkuf&ifbmaMumifh z,f ck d if ;ae&ao;vJ/ ta&;rBuD ;bl ; aygh/ 'gaMumif h tef wD wd Y k'gud k aoao csmcsmavhvmcsifw,f/ IMF wdkY?
ADB wd k Y
oH ;oyf k csuf u pD;yGm;a&; ydwfqdkYrIu xda&mufrIr&Sdbl;qdkNyD; oH ;oyf k xm;w,f/ 'gayrJ h cH pm;csuf eJ Y wif rjzpf bl ;/ 'gaMumif h tpuwnf ; uajymcJ h wm/ jynf ol vl xk u dck if vH k wJ h t axmuf t xm;eJ Y xd c d k u f y g w,f v d k Y ajymEk d i f & if z,f & S m ;ay; r,faygh/ cHpm;rIeJYawmhr&bl r&bl;aygh/ aemufwpfcku EdkifiHa&;aygh/ EdkifiH a&;twG uf aum bm&S d vJ aygh/ 'gawG ud k jyef oH k ;oyf NyD ; tef wD wd k Y taeeJ Y Sanction ud k axmuf c H r vm;? raxmufcHbl;vm;/ ajymif;apcsif ovm;? qufxm;csifovm;qd wm k ud ,f k h tjrif awmh ajymyd k if cG if h &S d ygw,f/ aetdrrfrfrmS mS tus,f tus,fccsKyf sKyf Voice : aetd eJ Y a ecJ h w J h u mvu 15 ES p f a usmf &S d a ewJ h t wG u f 'D t awmtwG i f ; jref rmh rmh EdE k ifikd iHfi a&;tajctaeeJ Ha&;tajctaeeJ YyYywf wf ouf ouf NyD; tefwDhtaeeJY tuefYtowfeJY yJ owif;tcsuftvuf&r,fvdkY xifygw,f/ tJawmh jrefrmEdkifiH a&;vuf & S d t ajctaeud k rS e f r S e f uefuefoHk;zdkY qdk&if Stakeholder awG tm;vH k ; eJ Y awGUzdkY? tm;vHk; pum; ud tmif em;axmi f udkpHknDatmif fzdkYvdk w,f v d k Y wcsKd U u ajymaeMuyg w,f/ tefwDhtaeeJYa&m b,fol awGeJY b,favmufrsm;rsm; awGUNyD; NyD v J / awG U zd k Y v d k w ,f v d k Y xif y g ovm;/ DASSK : em;axmifEdkifoavmuf tm;vHk;udk em;axmifzdkY&Sdygw,f/ uRef rwd Y kt JzG UxJ uawmh vmvmajym aeawmh ukeo f avmuf &S d aeNyD/ a&G ; aumuf yG J 0if cJ h wJ h Ed k if iH a&;ygwD awGe YJ vnf;awGUcJNyD Nh yD;ygNyD/ olwdkYeJYqdk&if tjrifrwlwmaygh/ tjrifrwlwm vnf; em;axmifNyD;ygNyD/ wlnDwJh ud pö awG tay:rS m yl ;aygif ;zd Y ktef wD wd k Y Bud K ;pm;w,f / wpf o D ; yk * ¾ v 20 avmufeJY awGUNyD;NyD/ NGO awGeJY vnf ; awG UNyD;NyD/ wpfvtwGi ;rS f m awGUEdkifwol o Jh lrSeforQ awGUNyD;ygNyD/ pmawG bmawG eJ Yvmwmvnf ; trsm; BuD;yJ/ toHvTifhrD'D,mawGuae ar;wmawG vnf ; d&S ygw,f/ tJ awmh aemufqHk;usawmh yxrar;cGef;udk jyef a&muf wmaygh/ em;axmif wwf & r,f/ em;axmif wwf zd Y kq wm kd tavh tusif h vd wmaygh k / tavh tusif h vk yf rS
'D [ mrS m uRrf ; usif v mrS m / em; axmif &if ;eJ Y em;axmif wwf vmwm/ tef wD wd Y ktaeeJ Y tNrJ yJ zd wf ac:w,f/ tefw uawmh D oabmrwl&if rwl bl ; ajymwmyJ / ,Of aus;orI tm;jzif h oabmrwl bJ wl w,f vd Y krajymbl ;/ bmjzpf vd Y k rwl bl ;qd k wmawmh tef wD tNrJ&Sif;jyw,f/ wjcm;olawGudk vnf ; tJ vd yJ k vk yf apcsif w,f/ rwl &if rwlwJhtaMumif;udk &Sif;jy? tJ'D &S if ;jywmuae vuf cH Ed if k p&m ay:vm &if ay:vmr,f/ Voice : apmapmuajymcJ h w J h uRef a cwf r wd k i f c if ya'o&mZf acwf r S m tmPmtwG u f tcsif ; csif;owfjzwfrIawGeJY qufpyfwJh ar;cGef;wpfckar;csifygw,f/ tJvdk jzpfwmu tmPmtwGufvdkYxififyg w,f/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh tmPm EdkifiHa&;aygh &&;a ;aygh qdk&if ygh/ tefwDhtaeeJYqd tmPmEdkifiHaa&; &; (Power Politics)? vl y k * ¾ d K vf E d k i f i H a &; (Personal Politics)? ygwD E d k i f i H a &; (Party Politics) eJ Y trsKd ; om;Ed k i f i H a &; (National Politics) qd qd k w J h t ay: b,fvdkrsm;cGJjcm;NyD; ,lqyg ovJ/ DASSK : tmPmEd k i f i H a &;qd k w m tefwDvnf;zwfzl;w,fav/ Arm EdkifiHordkif;jzpfpOfawGeJYywfoufvdkY ynm&S if awG u oH k ;oyf wmyg/ Arm EdkifiH&JU vlrIa&;? tkyfcsKyfa&;tpOf tvmawG t& tmPm&S d ol eJ Y tmPm r&SdoleJYMum;rSm odyfuGmjcm;w,f/ tmPm&S d&if tm;vH ;vk k yfv kYd &w,f/ tmPmr&S d&if oG m;NyD/ tJ 'gaMumif hr Ydk vlawG u tmPmrvT wf&Jb ;qd l wm k jzpf vmw,f/ tmPmEd k if iH a&;qd k wm pmrsufESm -6- odkY . . .
- 6-
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