Chapter 1 Objectives of Studying Organization
1.1 Introdu Introducti ction on to Report: Report:
I am doin doing g M com com and and this this is my last last year year.. For For sake sake of degr degree ee inte intern rnsh ship ip is compulsory for every student in any organization to get some practical knowledge alon along g with with stud studie ies. s. To meet meet thes thesee requ requir irem emen ents ts,, I did did my inte intern rnsh ship ip in a ghee ghee manufa manufactu cture re compan company y. The The name name of the company company is Hafeez Iqba Oi and !hee Industries "vt #td . It is located in Plot o.!!" Industrial #state $attar, %$aripur&
'hy( 'hy(er er Pakh Pakhtu tunk nkhw hwa. a. It was was esta esta(l (lis ishe hed d in )**) )**).. I work worked ed in $inanc $inancee and %ccounting &epart'ent for + weeks i.e. from ).-.)- to /).+.)-. In this
depa departm rtmen entt I prep prepar ared ed cash cash 0ece 0eceip ipt, t, 1ash 1ash Paym Paymen ent, t, 2our 2ourna nall 3ouch oucher ers, s, 4ank 4ank 0econciliation 5tatement, and then data entry in Fo6Pro %$ome 5oftware&.
This internship was an informative and interesting 7o( for me. I learned very much (y this internship.
1.( "urpose "urpose of the the Study Study
1.(.1 Objectives:
The main purpose of the study in hand is to gather relevant information to compile internship report on Mu7ahid 8roup of Industries. To o(serve, analyze and interpret the relevant data competently and in a useful manner.
To work practically practica lly in an organization.
To develop interpersonal communication.
To know a(out the financial position of the company. company.
9nother purpose of this program is to learn and use the management technique acquired during the course and find out the possi(le solutions of management pro(lems faced (y the organization. )
5tudyi 5tudying ng the organ organizat ization ional al struct structure ure of the organ organiza izatio tion n and its Financ Financee department.
:nderstanding the functions of Finance department.
9nalyzing the Financial activities.
9nalyzing the Finance structure of the Finance department.
#valuating the working style of the Finance employees.
9nalyzing the weaknesses and strengths of the Finance department.
To have a hands on e6perience in Finance department.
To get get the the e6po e6posu sure re of work workin ing g in e6ce e6celle llent nt envi enviro ronm nmen entt of Fina Financ ncee department.
1.) Scope Scope of of th thee St Study udy::
9s an internee in Mu7ahid group of Industries the main focus of my study was on general industries procedures in one of the (ranches of Mu7ahid group of industries. These operations include 4ank payment voucher %4P3&, 4ank receipt voucher %403&, %403&, 2ournal voucher %23&, 1ash receipt r eceipt voucher %103&, 1ash payment voucher %1P3&.
1.). 1.).1 1
*ypes ypes of +ouch oucher erss
Following are the types of vouchers
2ourna nall vouc vouche herr %23& %23& is used used to reco record rd the the ,ourna ,ourna +oucher oucher -,+: -,+: 2our transactions not directly involving payments or receipts of funds and cash e.g. inter (ranch, ad7ustments of advances, corrections, classification of
entries and recording of accruals etc. /an0 "ay'ent +ouch +oucher er -/"+ To record any (ank payment Finance
;epartment use 4ank Payment 3oucher 3oucher %4P3&. company receives any funds in its /an0 Receipt +oucher -/R+:
account it is recorded through 4ank 0eceipt 3ouchers %403& %403& (y
Finance ;epartment. Cash Receipts +ouchers -CR+: ormally these types of transactions in corpor corporate ate set up are not encour encourage aged d (ut howeve howeverr whenev whenever er 1ompan 1ompany y receives cash it is recorded in petty cash.
Cash "ay'ent +ouchers +ouchers -C"+:
petty cash to concerned department it is recorded through 1ash payment 3oucher
/
Chapter ( Overvie of the Organization Organization
(.1 Co'pany "rofie and History
The esta(lishment of Mu7ahid 8roup was laid when 5heikh Muhammad Ikram along his his (rot (rothe herr (ega (egan n a litt little le scale scale maki making ng of wash washin ing g 5oap 5oap in 5oot 5ooter er 8ali 8ali a litt little le industrial industrial area in the locality of 0awalpindi, 0awalpindi, Pakistan. The two (rothers (rothers confronting confronting numerous o(stacles typically confronted (y most adolescent (usiness people kept the little (usiness going until )*-+ when they moved to 1algarh an alternate little scale modern division in 0awalpindi. They moved the entire (usiness to 1algarh and this turned out to (e the defining moment in the lives of the two si(lings. They (egan to create cleanser under the name of 4illi (rand. The (rand (eing delivered with the (est routines for that time and with no (argains in quality e6ceeded e6pectations to such a degree, to the point that in under si6 years the two si(lings had the capacity go high scale and in )*+! they set up their first =arge 5cale Industrial unit in Islama(ad with the name of Mu7ahid 5oap and 1hemical Industry. The two si(lings with the modern vision of Mr. 5heikh Muhammad Ikram and creative methodology of Mr. 5heikh Muhamm Muhammad ad 5ulema 5uleman n contin continued ued e6ceed e6ceeding ing e6pecta e6pectatio tions ns togeth together er in the cleanse cleanser r (usiness until )**) when 5heikh Muhammad Ikram asked his si(ling to assume control over the Mu7ahid 5oap and compound unit and he himself ventures into the #di(le >il Industry. $afeez Iq(al >il and 8hee Industry were situated up in )**) in Industrial #state $attar, $aripur, Pakistan. Mr. 5heikh Muhammad Ikram who had quite recently ventures into the #di(le >il Industry e6ploiting his in e6cess of ? years of (usiness e6perience took Mu7ahid 8roup@s first #di(le >il creation unit to the statures of greatness inside no time. In a couple of years, M8I set up an alternate #di(le oil and 8hee unit as a team with its accomplices in 'arachi, Pakistan and an alternate two creation units toward the start of the )st century in two different ur(an communities of the nation. Mu7ahid 8roup@s ne6t 7ump forward in the #di(le >il industry was too situated up an >il 0efinery which was especially identified with 1rude Palm >il. The idea was improvised (y setting up the Aaqoot >il Processing B
#6tracting Mills %Pvt.& =td. in Port Casim, 'arachi. This unit not 7ust was intended to fill in as an issue additionally as an issue unit for different (rands of #di(le >il and 8hee that are the results of Mu7ahid 8roup of Industries.
>ver these years M8I has (een working with numerous organizations all over Malaysia particularly for the import of 04; Palm >il, 04; Palm >lein >il, crude Palm >il B 5oya (ean >il for its #di(le >il units.
5o in ) the 4oard of ;irectors chose it to (e (est to the organization@s advantage to set up an office in 'uala =umpur, Malaysia. This turned out to (e an e6ceptional accomplishment for M8I 9fter creating an impecca(le notoriety in the #di(le >il industry, Mu7ahid 8roup with the modern vision of its 1#> ventures into different Industrial 5ectors and e6ceeded e6pectations to the statures on the whole. The following venture for M8I was to venture into the steel (usiness along these lines the first steel creation unit was situated up in $aripur, Pakistan with the name of Mu7ahid #nterprise. M8I additionally plans to dispatch its second modern unit in the 5teel Industry in 2uly )
9 standout amongst the most vital and o(serva(le activities of M8I is the Mu7ahid >il Terminal in Port Casim, 'arachi. It was situated up in the year and since the fulfillment of this venture, M8I itself is satisfying its need of Palm >il that it imports for the #di(le >il units.
Mu7ahid 8roup of Industries likewise plans to dispatch an alternate >il Terminal (efore the end of ) which will likewise (e found in 'arachi. 9mid these years, Mu7ahid 8roup has additionally remained amazingly effective in the Petroleum B 18 division. M8I (egan off with one 18 station however throughout the years it continued e6tending its (usiness in the (usiness and right now M8I has five 18 stations everywhere throughout the nation and one Petrol 5tation in Islama(ad.
It has (een in e6cess of ! years and Mu7ahid 8roup alongside its accomplices has (een e6ceeding e6pectations in the (usiness sector of 5outh 9sia massively and has created a surprising notoriety. M8I likewise has a couple of e6ceptional tasks lined up for the not so distant future.
(.1.1
2ission State'ent
ur skill in assem(ling ghee B cooking oil, have (een demonstrated in all Pakistan. Aou realize that, when you are utilizing our (rand, you will defeat everything" %taste, quality, and decent packing&D.
(.1.(
+ision State'ent
(.( 3ature of the Organization
$afeez Iq(al >il and 8hee Industries %Pvt.& =td. were set up in )**) in $attar $aripur, Pakistan. The principal activity of the company is manufacturing and sale of 3egeta(le 8hee, 1ooking >il and its (yEproducts
(.) Corporate Cuture and +aues: 9 set of five core values is (ased on the truth which reflects the real culture of our (usiness, which e6plains the conduct and attitude of our people towards each other and the customers. #very staff mem(er is committed to practice these values to make Mu7ahid 8roup of IndustriesG a sustaina(le and via(le Financial Institution.
Core +aues of 2ujahid !roup of Industries: 5trong (usinesses are (uilt on
the principles of Trust, 9ccounta(ility and an #nvironment that allows their people to reach their full potential. 9t $I>8I live (y the following principles when conducting our day to day work.
Integrity:
adhere to the laws and regulations pertaining to our work and with $I>8I principles and policies.
$airness:
treat fairly our customers, suppliers, shareholders and the communities in which we live and work.
*rust: People can trust us to fulfill our commitments. 9t the same time we
also trust others to (e true to their commitments to us.
%ccountabiity: 9long with trust comes accounta(ility we (elieve all of us
are uniquely created with the a(ility to reason, make decisions and (e held accounta(le for our commitments and actions.
"eope Reaching *heir $u "otentia:
#ach one of us is creative, thoughtful, trustworthy, fair, capa(le of making important decisions and responsi(le for our actions" however we (elieve each one of us is also different and has unique potential and talents to make positive contri(ution to the organization and the world.
/usiness +ou'e 45panation6
Rupees in 2iion 7ear (889 *ota ++,*?,+!
(818 //+,H?,++
(811 /!+,!?,+*+
(81( /+!,?!,)*-
(81) /H*,?+*,!?H
%ssets Saes %ccount
?,)H,-H-
/,!?,H-?
!,)++,-/)
/,H/H,??
)/,)+H,))
Receivabe Reserves Stoc0
)H+,H?,?+? ??,-,!H ?)H,/?,?-H
?*,!+,)?+ H,-?,H? H,?+?,//
+H,-?,?! ?,H+*,?H !*,/?,?-
/+-,+?,-/ !?,-+*,H?! !/*,?-*,*
?+,/,)/+ -,H?,?H? -/),++,H!?
3u'ber of 4'poyees 45panation6
Permanent Temporary contract (asis >utsource Production =a(ors Total strength
!? / ) ? / !/-
(. Head Office %ddress:
$ead office of $I>8I is situated in Islama(ad at Plot J )*)E)*, I* 5ector, Industrial 9rea, Islama(ad
(.; "roducts:
(.;.1
!H44: 9vaila(le in 9ssorted Tin and Plastic Pouch Packaging.
(.;.(
COO
Plastic Pouch Packaging. (.;.)
=ashing Soap:
(.> Co'petitors
Following are the few competitors of Hafeez Iqba Oi and !hee Industries %Pvt& =imitedK
5hama 4anaspati
Manpasand 1ooking >il
;alda 8hee
5ultan 8hee
5ufi 4anaspati
$andi 1ooking
Mezan 4anaspati
'isan 1ooking >il
(.9 Organizationa Structure:
The typically hierarchical arrangement of lines of authority, communications, rights and duties of an organization. >rganizational structure determines how the roles, power and responsi(ilities are assigned, controlled, and coordinated, and how information flows (etween the different levels of management. 9 structure depends on the organization@s o(7ectives and strategy. In a centralized structure, the top layer of management has most of the decision making power and has tight control over departments and divisions. In a decentralized structure, the decision making power is distri(uted and the departments and divisions may have different degrees of independence. 9 company such as Proctor B 8am(le that sells multiple products may
organize their structure so that groups are divided according to each product and depending on geographical area as well.
2anaging &irector:
Managing ;irector is generally the most senior corporate officer %e6ecutive& or administrator in charge of managing an organization. The responsi(ilities of an organization@s 1#> or M; are set (y the organization@s (oard of directors or other authority, depending on the organization@s legal structure. They can (e farEreaching or quite limited and are typically enshrined in a formal delegation of authority
;evelops policy and directs and coordinates human resources activities, such as employment, compensation, la(or relations, (enefits, training, and employee services (y performing the following duties.
9nalyzes wage and salary reports and data to determine competitive compensation plan.
1onsults legal counsel to ensure that policies comply with federal and state law.
;evelops and maintains a human resources system that meets top management information needs.
"roduction 'anagers
Production managers oversee the manufacturing process and make sure that production lines are running smoothly and efficiently. They work closely with supervisors and maintenance staff to plan work, set targets and make sure the finished products meet quality standards.
Saes %nd 2ar0eting 2anager:
Marketing is also known as sales or advertising and pu(lic relations, is a dynamic career,
the
most significant
opportunities
for
the
industry.
Marketing
representatives are the driving forces every successful organization. Potential consumers of products and services to help clients identify the needs, they can
have their advertising and instruction. Then, they help clients achieve these things through the process, using highly interpersonal skills. Marketers often referred to as the sales, (usiness development managers, sales managers, advertising managers, consultants and advisors.
$inance and %ccounts 2anager
9 financial manager is responsi(le for providing financial advice and support to clients and colleagues to ena(le them to make sound (usiness decisions.
(.9.1
Hierarchy Chart of the OrganizationK
The $ierarchy %is an arrangement of o(7ects, people, elements, values, grades, orders, and
classes etc.& any system of persons or things ranked a(ove one another. The
hierarchy may include 1ategorization of a group of people according to a(ility, status and position.
There are ! num(ers of employees. There (reakup is as followK Main Managing Team L ! Managing ;irectorKMr. 9tif Ikram 5heikh $0 B 9dministrationK Manager MunawarEudEdin 9wan Production ManagerK Aousaf 9(id Marketing B 5ales ManagerK 9rif 9wan
Finance B 9ccounts ManagerK Tariq 'hawa7 ;epartmental 5upervisor B 9ssistants L There are !/- ;aily wages workers. That includes technicians, sweepers, telephone operators, office (oys and security in charge.
(.18 Introduction of % &epart'ents: (.18.1 "rocure'ent &epart'ent:
)K First we will decide the rate of the purchase products. K Then make contract and signed (y following authorities.
Purchaser
Purchase Manager
1hief 9ccountant
8eneral Manager Finance
(.18.( HR ? %d'inistration &epart'ent
This department is responsi(le for all managerial operations. The planning, organizing, leading, controlling, hiring and firing, employee training, policies for compensation, employees welfare is carried out in this department. This department controls time office and look after all the employees working. The security department is also under this department. 4ut the security guards are hired from a private security company watch B watch. (.;.) 2ar0eting and Saes &epart'ent
This department works for promotion of sales and Marketing. (.;.@ $inance ? %ccounts &epart'ent
The arrangement of finance is the (asic responsi(ility of this department. Moreover accounts functions are also responsi(ility of this department. This department control all the cash related functions and (anks dealing along with 8overnment ta6es.
(.;.A "roduction &epart'ent
The production department of the company is not only to fulfill the required stock (ut it also acts like as quality of products, and control of the overall operation of the production activity. It focuses to tie up with the work schedule, quality and quantity of the outcomes. Production department is completely aligned with the management department at every stage.
Chapter ) *he $inance &epart'ent
).1 Structure of $inance &epart'ent
The part of financial and (usiness services are refers to the structure of finance department in an organization. The structure of finance department is depending on the size of an organization and volume of transactions taking place. The head of finance department is referred to as an e6ecutive director.
).( Roes %nd Responsibiities Of "ersonne
The roles and responsi(ilities of personnel of finance department is to provide the financing and accounting information to make easier a(out decision making of company according to the financial position of company The following are the roles of employees of finance departmentK
).(.1 Chief $inancia Officer
Following are the roles for 1hief Financial >fficerK
To manage the finance, accounting, forecasting, controlling and planning
function of the entity and liaison with lenders, sponsors and regulations. To incorporate the financial discipline in the company To ensure the availa(ility of accurate and timely financial statements in
accordance with legislative and regulatory requirements To advise on financial aspects of strategic plans and mergers and acquisitions
transactions To review, analyzing and improving the standards and procedures for accounting and reporting functions.
).(.(
2anager $inance
Following are the roles for the Manager FinanceK
To approve all the reports generated (y accounting system To approve all the 7ournal vouchers prepared To sign trial (alance generated on monthly for identification purpose To approve statements prepared (y accounts e6ecutive regarding the
outstanding (alances of the paya(les on monthly (asis To ensure that ta6 is deducted where applica(le and deposited with the
income ta6 authorities on timely (asis. To check fund requirements report on daily (asis To prepare yearly cash (udget To approve all petty cash vouchers To ensure that payments are made according to policy of the company To keep all records pertaining to (ank correspondence To supervise a physical verification e6ercise of all the fi6ed assets of the company at least once a year and also ensure the coding of fi6ed assets for
proper control To ensure that the fi6ed assets are disposed off at optimum prices and in
accordance with company policy To review (ank reconciliation statements prepared on monthly (asis To ensure that adequate provision is made for retirement (enefits of
employees in the (ooks of the company. To coordinate with the internal auditors in respect of the internal controls
of the organization To make yearly forecast of departmental e6penses of accounts and finance
department
/../
*a5ation 2anager
Following are roles for the Ta6ation ManagerK
).(.@
To manage ta6 related reporting To develop and maintain
effective
ta6ation
administration
proceduresprocesses appropriate to the company To resolve ta6 issues on (ehalf of the company To ensure ta6 returns are filed within the timeframes specified (y legislation To develop, implement and maintain ta6ation management plan.
Chief 2IS
Following are the roles for 1hief MI5K
To review the needs analysis, specification and design of improved
(usiness processes To develop and maintenance of (usiness systems to improve technical
consultation and advice departments use of (usiness technology. To develop ,update or su(stitution of information system To evaluate and acquisition of core (usiness software To ensure the availa(ility of accurate and timely information in accordance with the needs of senior management and where applica(le, e6ternal users, to ena(le them to make timely decisions in conducting (usiness activities
more effectively and efficiently To ensure all staffs awareness of procedures and compliance with controls ,regulations and other rules and guidelines to prevent funds and losses
).(.A
/udgeting 45ecutive
Following are the roles for 4udgeting #6ecutiveK
To collect the individual (udget from the department and prepare the consolidated (udget To develop, analyze and e6ecute periodic (udgets and forecasts 0esponsi(le for coordination of department wide (udget issues To prepare the capital and revenue (udget separately
To e6amine the (udget estimates and proposals To su(mit the (udget to 1F> for reviewing and finalization and approval from the 4>;.
).( 3u'ber of 4'poyees in $inance &epart'ent
There are five employees working in the finance department.
*abe ).1 $inance &epart'ent 4'poyees S.3o
4'poyees
&esignation
1
Mr. 5arwar
1hief Finance >fficer
(
Mr. 9wais Cureshi
Manager Finance
)
Mr.0izwan Mirza
Ta6ation Manager
@
Mr.Tanveer Mirza
1hief MI5
A
Mr.:mer Mirza
4udgeting #6ecutive
).) $unctions of the $inance &epart'ent
Finance ;epartment plays an important role as (ack office in the effective and efficient management of the 1ompanys operations. The most important function of the Finance ;epartment is to accumulate the financial information from all departments of the 1ompany including the (ranches and to prepare the financial statements. The 1F> shall have the overall responsi(ility of the Finance ;epartment of the 1ompany. The Manager Finance would (e involved in the dayEtoEday monitoring of the ;epartments functions, which shall (e carried out (y the ;epartments staff.
The main tasks that will (e handled (y the Finance ;epartment are stated (elowK
0ecording of financial information. Preparation of financial statements.
).).1
0eporting to internal management and e6ternal authorities. Ta6ation. Payments. 0econciliations. 0ecording of Fi6ed 9ssets. 4udgeting %ccounting Syste' of *he Organization
The 1ompany was incorporated on >cto(er H, )*+* under the provisions of 1ompanies >rdinance )*+!. The registered office of the company is situated at Plot J )*)E)*, I* 5ector, Industrial 9rea, Islama(ad. The principal activity of the company is manufacturing and sale of 3egeta(le 8hee, 1ooking >il and its (yEproducts. ).).(
Introduction of $inance &epart'ent
The arrangement of finance is the (asic responsi(ility of this department. Moreover accounts functions are also responsi(ility of this department. This department control all the cash related functions and (anks dealing along with 8overnment ta6es.
).).)
State'ent of Co'piances
These financial statements have (een prepared in accordance with the approved accounting standards as applica(le in Pakistan. 9pproved accounting standards comprise of such International Financial 0eporting 5tandards as notified under the provisions of the 1ompanies >rdinance )*+! and the directives issued (y 5ecurities and #6change 1ommission of Pakistan %5#1P&. rdinance, )*+! or the said directives take precedence. The principal accounting policies adopted, remained unchanged from the corresponding year.
).).@
%ccounting Convention
These accounts have (een prepared under the historical cost convention.
).).A
/asis of "reparation
These accounts have (een prepared in compliance with the 1ompanies >rdinance )*+! and International 9ccounting 5tandards as applica(le in Pakista n.
).).
Staff Retire'ent /enefit
The 1ompany is not having any staff (enefit scheme for its employees.
).).;
"rovisions
9 provision is recognized in the (alance sheet when the 1ompany has a legal or constructive o(ligation as a result of a past event and is pro(a(le that an outflow of economic (enefits will (e required to settle the o(ligation of which a relia(le estimate can (e made.
Chapter @ Critica %naysis and !enera Observation
This analysis is made on my personal o(servation and discussion with staff during my internship. 9ccording to my study program, I have learnt that $uman 0esource, Marketing B 9dministration department plays a key role in an organization. This department set goals and o(7ectives of the organization and esta(lish criteria, methods, techniques to achieve these targets. 4ut the $afeez Iq(al >il and 8hee Industry is lack of this department in its proper form. Its management considers the $0 activities as admin B $0 department and $0 main focus is on recruitment, selection, compensation, and evaluation. Thats why there is no qualified, profess ional admin manager. The $0 manager is also given e6tra duty of administration and $0 manager due to its good working reputation. That manager mostly focuses his attention employees compensation, recruitment selection and evaluation. $e is also very sensitive for staff punctuality and remains on round after some time to check the working of employees. >n the other hand (ecause of lack of this department,
employees are not much satisfied with the industry. ;uring my stay there, I saw that there were three departments %$0 department, 9dministration department and marketing and sales department& controlled (y single manager Mr. MunawarEudEdin 9wan. 4ut due to unemployment they have to do work. There is no proper leave %holiday& system for managers in the industry. ;epartmental communication is also not through wellEesta(lished system.
@.1 Introduction to $inancia %naysis
Financial statements are the medium (y which a company discloses information concerning its financial performance. Followers of fundamental analysis use the quantitative information gleaned from financial statements to make investment decisions.
@.1.1 /aance Sheet
The (alance sheet represents a record of a company@s assets, lia(ilities and equity at a particular point in time. The (alance sheet is named (y the fact that a (usiness@s financial structure (alances in the following mannerK
%ssets B #iabiities SharehodersDE 4quity @.1.1.1 %ssets Side
9ssets represent the resources that the (usiness owns or controls at a given point in time. This includes items such as cash, inventory, machinery and (uildings. @.1.1.( #iabiities Side
The other side of the equation represents the total value of the financing the company has used to acquire those assets. Financing comes as a result of lia(ilities or equity. =ia(ilities represent de(t %which of course must (e paid (ack&, while equity represents
the total value of money that the owners have contri(uted to the (usiness E including retained earnings, which is the profit made in previous years.
@.1.( Inco'e State'ent
The income statement presents information a(out revenues, e6penses and profit that was generated as a result of the (usiness@ operations for that period.
@.( Horizonta %naysis
9 procedure in fundamental analysis in which an analyst compares ratios or line items in a company@s financial statements over a certain period of time. The analyst will use his or her discretion when choosing a particular timeline" however, the decision is often (ased on the investing time horizon under consideration
@.(.1 Horizonta %naysis of Inco'e State'ent of $ive 7ears -In F
*abe 3o @.1
5ales N et 1ost of sales !ross profit 5elling and distri(ution
)/ 0upees !?.** //.!* /-!
) 0upees ).+) H*.! ++.*)
)) 0upees )*!.? -.! -+-.*)
) 0upees )-H.!? ))./-+.
* 0upees ) ) )
e6penses 9dministrative and general e6penses
+.*-
!-.*H
?/.?H
)?-.-/ ) *)
>ther income Operating profit Finance cost >ther 1harges "rofit before ta5ation Ta6ation "rofit after ta5ation
E!HH). !--.*.)
E/-.! !*.+ E)H.-!
E/+.)+ H/.-+ *.-)
.! )+)-./) /*).*
!-?.))??.-? E)-.!
H!-. !H?!.! HH).!/
?*?*./+ H?).H )H.)/
)-!.!/ *H.?+ /)H.)
) ) ) ) ) ) )
45panation6
@.(.( Horizonta %naysis Of /aance Sheet Of $ive 7ears -In F
*abe.3o.@.( ,une
4quity %nd #iabiities Share Capita %nd Reserves 5hare 1apital 9ccumulated Profit
)8G
,une )8G
,une
)8G
,une
)8G
,une
(81)
(81(
(811
(818
)8G
F
F
F
F
(889 F
)
)
)
)
)
)H.*
)*.?)
+.+!
-/.+?/
)
)-./+
+!!.!-
??.+
)+.--+
)
-*.)+
*.?++
H.+
?.*+)
)
)+*.-!
)-.-
!?.H?
/+.*!
)
+/H.H
-/.*
-H.)
).H
)
Surpus On Revauation Of "ropertyG "ant %nd 4quip'ent 3onCurrent #iabiities =ia(ilities 9gainst 9ssets
5u(7ect
To
Finance =ease ;eferred Ta6ation *ota #ong *er' #iabiities3onCurrent #iabiities Current #iabiities 1urrent Portion >f =ia(ilities 9gainst
9ssets 5u(7ect To Finance =ease Trade 9nd >ther Paya(les ;ue To 0elated Parties Total 1urrent =ia(ilities Contingencies %nd Co''ittee'enJs Total =ia(ilities %ssets 3onCurrent %ssets
Property, Plant 9nd #quipment =ong Term ;eposits E :nsecured,
)).H+)
)).)-
))-.*
)).+/
)
1onsidered 8ood Total Fi6ed 9ssets Current %ssets 5tores, 5pares 9nd =oose Tools 5tock In Trade Trade 0eceiva(les E :nsecured, 1onsidered
?-./!
!H.H
?H./+?)
/H.)-
)
*.-!
*/!H.
*)-.!*
)H.H!
)
!.!H
/.*?
)*).*!-
))H.-?
)
+.-
H!.-
-!./))
)).
)
8ood ;ue From 0elated Parties 9dvances, Prepayments
).!H)
+.+
+*.?)/
/.?
)
/.-
!.)+
?.?H/
/.!
)
)+.!
-.+?
)).-)H
)+.)?
)
!).*
/!*.+/
//.!+)
!.--
)
+/.H
-+/.*!
-.)+
*.H
)
9nd
>ther
0eceiva(les 1urrent Ta6ation 1ash 9nd 4ank 4alances Total 1urrent 9ssets Total 9ssets
45panation6
@.) +ertica %naysis
9 method of financial statement analysis in which each entry for each of the three ma7or categories of accounts %assets, lia(ilities and equities& in a (alance sheet is represented as a proportion of the total account. The main advantages of vertical analysis is that the (alance sheets of (usinesses of all sizes can easily (e compared. It also makes it easy to see relative annual changes within one (usiness.
+ertica %naysis Of Inco'e State'ent Of $ive 7ears -In F *abe 3o @.) ,une
,une )8G
,une
,une
,une
(81) F
(81( F
)8G(811 F
)8G(818 F
)8G(889 F
) E+)./-*
) E+/./*
) E*).+
) E!?./-/
) EH?.*H
)+.H
)H.H
!*.H
.)*
)./
E.*+!
E.?
E!./!H
E.!!)
8eneral #6penses
E.!+!
E.*+*
E/.H?-
E)).+?
E)/.H
>ther Income Operating "rofit Finance cost >ther 1harges
H.H!/
.H)
.H+*
E.)+)
E./?
).-* E.H+* E.*?
)/.)-H ).*HE.**/
/H.!HH E.* E.?//
)).?-/ E!.*)
).)/E).+!)
5ales N et 1ost >f 5ales !ross "rofit 5elling 9nd ;istri(ution #6penses 9dministrative
)8G
9nd
"rofit before ta5ation
.-HH
)/.-*
/.-?
).?*
).H-
Ta6ation "rofit after ta5ation
E).!? E.H++
E).*/ !.)?
E).H-- !./-)
E+./+* ).!H
E.? .-+
45panation6
@.).1 +ertica %naysis Of /aance Sheet Of $ive 7ears -In F *abe.3o.@.@ ,une
,une
,une
,une
,une
)8G
)8G
)8G
)8G
)8G
(81) F
(81( %
(811 %
(818 %
(889 %
?.
?./
?.!
)*.)
!).+
/+.-
/).!
).)
H-.
)*.*
!/.-
/H.+
!.-
+.)
/!.)
/?.)
/+./
!.!
!/.-
.)
.+
.)/
.-
H.)-
H.!*
)).-
!/.+
H.)+
H.?+
)).*
!!.)H
.?
.?
.!
.?
)!.+-
)+.)-
).?!
/+.
.)!+
/?.-)
4quity %nd #iabiities Share Capita %nd Reserves
5hare 1apital 9ccumulated Profit Surpus On Revauation Of "ropertyG "ant %nd 4quip'ent 3onCurrent #iabiities
=ia(ilities 9gainst 9ssets 5u(7ect To Finance =ease ;eferred Ta6ation *ota #ong *er'
#iabiities3onCurrent
#iabiities Current #iabiities
1urrent Portion >f =ia(ilities 9gainst 9ssets 5u(7ect To Finance =ease Trade 9nd >ther Paya(les ;ue To 0elated Parties Total 1urrent =ia(ilities Contingencies %nd Co''ittee'enJs *ota #iabiities
)?-.
)!.*/
)+.
).
-).+
H?.+
188
188
188
188
188
Property, Plant 9nd #quipment =ong Term ;eposits E :nsecured, 1onsidered
?.H
?-.!
H.+
.+
/.*
8ood Total Fi6ed 9ssets Current %ssets 5tores, 5pares 9nd =oose Tools
.!-
.-
.*
.!
)./H
?/.)
?-.?
?+./
./!
!.+
).+
).+?
).H
/.!H
H.!*
)).
*.!-
)).)*
H).*
))!.-
./
.-/
./!
.)!
.
)!.
).*
)?.
)H./
)-.?+
-!.?
?/.!+
./-
./!
./
).
%ssets 3onCurrent %ssets
5tock In Trade Trade 0eceiva(les E :nsecured, 1onsidered 8ood ;ue From 0elated Parties 9dvances, Prepayments 9nd >ther 0eceiva(les 1urrent Ta6ation
1ash 9nd 4ank 4alances Total 1urrent 9ssets *ota %ssets
/.+!
.H+
.*
).?+
)*.)!
!H.+H
!.!
!).H!
*-.H?
*?.)-
188
188
188
188
188
45panation6
@.@ $inancia Ratios %naysis
The following ratio analysis will (e used to analyze the financial statements of $I>8IK
=iquidity 0atio
9ctivity 0atio
Profita(ility 0atio
@[email protected] #iquidity Ratio:
=iquidity ratios measure a firms a(ility to meet its current o(ligations. There are two types of liquidity ratio
1urrent ratio
Cuick ratio
@[email protected] Current Ratio:
1urrent assets are those assets that will (e realized as cash within the ne6t ) months. 1urrent lia(ilities are those de(ts that are due for payment within the ne6t ) months. The current ratio gives an indication of whether the (usiness will (e a(le to pay its de(ts in the short term %i.e. the ne6t ) months&.current ratio is very helpful for a (usiness to determine whether a company has a sufficient level of liquidity to pay its short term lia(ilities. Its Formula is as under"
Current Ratio B
Current %ssets Current #iabiities
Current Ratio for Reevant $ive 7ears
*abe 3o @.A
74%RS
(889
(818
(811
(81(
(81)
Current
!/?)??HH
*-+*+-/H
)!?))H!H
)?/!+H
)-*?*/**-
assets Current
/**)H
-)*!?-
-/*!)?H?+
H?//H!H*
?-)))/+
).!?-
)./?**
.)*H*
./*
/.)/+
iabiities Current Ratio
Trend Analysis Of Current Ratio
$igure 3o @.1
Co''ents On Current Ratio
9s current ratio is calculated for company whether the company is pay its short term o(ligation or not.5o according to $I>8I the current ratio in * is ).!?O which means that $I>8I strong liquidity position. This shows that for the short term loan of 0s ) $I>8I has 0s ).!? which is a strong liquidity position.9nd in ) this is )./?O in )) it is only .O its means that in )) $I>8I cannot pay its short term o(ligation,(ecause there is no dues receiva(le from customer in ) it is ./O indicating a strong liquidity position and in )/ it is /.)!O which shows very strong liquidity position as compared to *,),)) and ).
@[email protected].( Kuic0 Ratio
The quick ratio, or acid test, focuses upon whether the (usiness could pay its de(ts in the very shortEterm N i.e. tomorrow, or ne6t week or ne6t month. 9s stock cannot always (e sold quickly thats why it is removed from the calculation of current assets. 4oth the current ratio and quick ratio give an Indication of future solvency pro(lems N i.e. whether the (usiness will (e a(le or una(le to pay its de(t. Formula of quick ratio is as under"
Kuic0 ratio B Current assets L inventory Current iabiities
Kuic0 ratios for reevant five years areM
*%/#4.3O.@. 74%RS Current
(889 !/?)??HH
(818 *-+*+-/H
(811 )!?))H!
(81( )?/!+H
(81) )-*?*/**-E
assets
E?!+H!!-
EH!)?/
E/*/??-
E//*?+**
!/)++!H!
ess
*
/
inventory Current /**)H
-)*?-
-/*!)/H?+ H?//H!H*
?-)))/+
iabiities Kuic0
.!*-/
).!/?*
./+
).)
Ratio
*rend %naysis Of Kuic0 Ratio $igure.3o.@.(
).+))*
Co''ents On Kuic0 Ratio
9s quick ratio is calculated to know whether a company may pay its short term o(ligation in a very near time %i.e.ne6t day, week or month&.9ccording to $I>8I in * its quick ratio is ).O means $I>8I has ). 0s to pay the o(ligation of 0s ).it show a strong liquidity position.In ) is current assets increases much as compare to current lia(ilities and in ) it is only .?O, (ecause the amount of inventory were more as compared to other years thats why it down to .?O and its means that $I>8I is una(le to pay its short term o(ligation for very near. In )) it is which is increased is ).!/O and in ) it is also increased which is ).+)O and in the last year )/ it is also increasd ./+O which indicate a strong liquidity positon. This increase in ) is (ecause the increase in current lia(ilities of $I>8I.Further more increase in year )) and onward is (ecause of increase in current asset of $I>8I.
@.@.( %ctivity Ratio
9ccounting ratios that measure a firm a(ility to convert different accounts within its (alance sheets into 1ash or sales.
The activity 0atios are following
Inventory Turnover 0atio
5tock in days
@.@.(.1 Inventory *urnover Ratio
Inventory turnover is the ratio of cost of goods sold to average inventory. It is an activityefficiency ratio and it measures how many times per period, a (usiness sells and replaces its inventory again. The formula of turnover ratio is as"
Inventory turnover ratio B Cost of gods sod %verage stoc0
Inventory of turnover ratio for reated five years areM
*abe.3o.@.
74%RS
(889
(818
(811
(81(
(81)
Cost of
!H!)!/-
??++/!)H
)!?H-+?-
)/+-**)-
)/*-/?/!
?!+H!!-*
H!)?//
/*/??-
//*/+**
!/)++!H!
.+--
.*-!
/.)*)*
/.H!-H-
/./
goods sod %verage stoc0 Inventory turnover ratio
*rend anaysis of inventory turnover ratio $igure. no. @.)
Co''ents On Inventory *urnover Ratio
In * the turnover ratio is .++O which is increasing in ) to .*,in )) to /.)*O, in ) to /.H?O. This increase in ) is (ecause the increase in current lia(ilities of $I>8I. Furthermore increase in year )) and onward is (ecause of increase in cost of goods sold $I>8I.
@.@.(.( Stoc0 in days .
This measure is one part of the cash conversion cycle, which represents the process of turning of raw material into cash. The days sales of inventory are the first stage in that process. The other two stages are days sales outstanding and days paya(le outstanding. The first measures how long it takes the company to receive payment on accounts receiva(le.
The formula for stock in days is as"
Stoc0 In &ays B
)A Inventory *urnover Ratio
Stoc0s In &ays $or Concerned $ive 7ears %reM
*abe.3o.@.;
74%RS
(889
(818
(811
(81(
(81)
&ays
/H?
)A
)A
/H?
/H?
Inventory
.+--
.*-!
/.)*)* /.H!-H
/./
!)H
!?
))!
))/
turnover
Stoc0 in days
)
*rend %naysis Of Stoc0 In &ays $igure.3o.@.@
Co''ents on Stoc0 in days
In * the stocks in days were of !)H days which decrease in ) to !? days in )) To ))! days in ) to ) days and in )/ it was ))/ days. In the first two years stock is 5elling in !)H and !? days respectively which is greater as compared to the rest three Aears. 9nd $I>8I should minimize this rate of days (ecause lower the days will (e (etter For company.
@.@.) "rofitabiity Ratio
Profita(ility ratio measures a companys a(ility to generate earning relative to sales,
assets and equity. These ratios assess the a(ility of a company to generate, earning profit and cash flow relative to metric, >ften the amount of money invested. They highlight how effectively the profita(ility of a company is (eing managed.
The following are the profita(ility ratios of the company is Hafeez Iqba Oi %nd !hee Industries -"vt #td.
8ross profit margin ratio
et profit margin ratio
0eturn on asset ratio
0eturn on equity ratio
@.@.).1 !ross "rofit 2argin Ratio
The gross profit margin ratio is used as one indicator of a (usiness financial health. It shows how efficiently a (usiness is using its materials and la(or in the production process. 8ross profit margin ratio show gross profit on sales for a specific period of time. Means in gross profit all e6cept cost of goods sold are included. The formula of gross profit margin ratio is as"
!ross profit 'argin B !ross "rofit
Saes
!ross profit for concerned five years is the fooing. *abe. 3o. @.> 74%RS (889 ?,)H,?+* !ross
(818 //,!*-,-+)
(811 ?-,H?,!/
(81( --,H**,)?
(81) )H,/H,/??
profit Saes !ross
H/,/H!,H ),--,+-H,H+) ),-,)!/,-!? ),--,+-H,H+) ),/!?,/+?,?/ .+H/H .H)/H? .?H)H?? .H+/++ .*/*)*-
profit 'argin ratio Trend analysis of gross profit margin
[email protected]
Co''ents on gross profit 'argin ratio
In * the gross profit margin was .+HO of sales which was decrease in ) to .HO in )) to .?HO in ) to .HO and in )/ to .*/O.in all of these five years the highest gross profit margin is in the year of )/ which is .*/O. 5o $I>8I should focus on increasing the gross profit margin and decrease their e6penses.
@.A.1 3et profit 'argin ratio
The net profit margin ratio calculates net profit to sales. Means it shows the proportion of net profit to sales.
3et profit 'argin B 3et profit *ota saes
3et profit 'argin for reevant five years is the fooings. *abe. no. @.9 74%RS (889 /),?)/,?!? 3et
(818 )*,))+,/!
(811 !!,-/-,*/
(81( H),+!/,-H?
(81) )),+/?,?H
profit *ota
H/,/H!,H ),--,+-H,H+)
),-,)!/,-!?
),--,+-H,H+) ),/!?,/+?,?/
saes 3et
8.8A(((9;
8.8@)AAA
8.8@>)9A;((
8.81@918(1
8.8>)>>19A
profit 'argin ratio Trend analysis of Net profit margin
$igure.no.@.
Co''ent on 3et profit 'argin
In * the net profit margin is ?O of total sales of 0s H/,/H!,H.In ) it decrease margin to )!O, in )) to !/O, in ) to !+O and in )/ to +/O. @.A.( Return on %ssets
0eturn on assets shows the rate of return %after ta6& (eing earned on all assets of the firm means return on assets shows the proportion of net profit to total assets and it is also a measure of how efficiently the company is using their all assets to earn profit.
The formula of return on assets is as"
Return on assets B 4arnings after ta5 *ota assets
Return on assets for the reevant five years are the fooings. 74%RS 4at *ota
*ab[email protected] (889 (818 (811 (81( (81) +,/,?++ +,-*?,?/ +,**H,!/? !?,!H,/)-H,!!/,++ !?-,)+,/) ))H-/) /!,+!+,!* /?+,!//,?+!) /,+?,/*)
%ssets Return on 8.81(91@> 8.88>;>89 8.88>)(8;)
8.81(;9> 8.8199>@1A>
%ssets ()
*rend anaysis of return on assets $igure.no.@.;
Co''ents on Return on assets
9s return on assets ratio shows the net profit on total assets. 9t $I>8I in * the return >n assets is .+HO and in ) it is increased to .+-O and in )) to .+/O in ) to .)O and )/ there return on assets is )*O. . @.A.( Return on 4quity ratio
The ta(le shows that the return on assets of + is greater as compare to the other four years so the 0atio analysis e6plains that 0eturn on 9ssets is growing in the year +, which is ?.O. 4ut after this it decreases from previous years as in * come to !.+?O and increased in ) reached to !.*O and further increased !.*!O in financial year )) (ut again it decrease to !.HHO in year ) 0eturn on #quity ratio shows the net profit on shareholders equity. Means this ratio shows that how much Profit is earned on
5hareholders equity. It also measures that how efficiently a company is :sing share holder equity to earn net profit. The formula of return on equity is as"
Return on 4quity B 4arnings after ta5 SharehoderJs equity
Return on equity for reevant five years are the fooings. *abe. 3o. @.11 74%RS 4at Share
(889 (818 (811 (81( (81) +,/,?++ +,-*?,?/ +,**H,!/? !?,!H,/)-H,!!/,++ )*),!/,- )*),!/,- )*),!/,- )*),!/,- )*),!/,-
hoderJs equity Return
8.1@)
on 4quity Trend analysis of Return on Equity
$igure.no.@.>
8.8@A9
8.1A1@
8.();19
8.)99)(
Co''ents on Return on equity Interpretation:
9s return on equity shows how much profit is earned on share holders equity. in * return on equity is )!O and in ) it is increased to !?O , in )) to )?)O, in ) to /-O and in )/ to /**O.
@.A.) &ebt Ratio
9 financial ratio that measures the e6tent of a companys or consumers leverage. The de(t ratio is defined as the ratio of total de(t to total assets, e6pressed in percentage, and can (e interpreted as the proportion of a companys assets that are financed (y de(t
$or'ua &ebt Ratio B *ota iabiities *ota %ssets *abe: @.1( &ebt Ratio 7ear *ota
(889
iabiities
>(@G;G)>@ 989G(A@G@98
*ota
@A;G(1>G)18 1G881G(;G)1@ )G@>@G>@8G98( )GA>@G))AG>@1 )G>(AG(()G91(
%ssets
(818
(811
(81(
(81)
1G81G9(G(>>
1G1A9G9>(G)9A 1G(11G8A@G@1
&ebt Ratio
.98
;.8>
;.;
;.@;
;.A>
!raphica "resentation of &ebt Ratio $igure: @.9 &ebt Ratio
Interpretation:
9s we see in ta(le the de(t ratio is not much increase or decrease it all same in all given five years. $ere company have more assets then de(t (ecause de(t ratio of greater than ) indicates that a company has more de(t than assets.
@.A.@ &ebt 4quity Ratio
9 measure of a company@s financial leverage calculated (y dividing its total lia(ilities (y stockholders@ equity. It indicates what proportion of equity and de(t the company is using to finance its assets.
$or'ua: &ebt to 4quity Ratio B *ota iabiities -&ebt Sharehoder equity
*abe: @.1) ;e(t #quity 0atio 7ear
(889
Total
+!,H-H,/+! **,?!,!* ),)H,*H,++ ),)?*,*+,/*? ),)),?!,!)H
=ia(ilities
(818
(811
(81(
(81)
5hareholder #quity &ebt to equity
))*,??H,/-+ )+,!*?,++ )/,H?),!!+
)??,/+-,)+!
)?*,+!,+H-
.98
;.@;
;.A>
;.8>
;.;
!raphica "resentation of &ebt 4quity Ratio $igure: @.18 &ebt 4quity Ratio
Interpretation:
9s we see in ta(le the ratio of * is H.* which is somehow increased in ) (y -.+ (ut in ) and in )) it go further increased and come up to -.!- (ut again increase (y the efforts of management shareholder it go so high to value of -.?+ Its show that the company is finances its assets and heavily relies on de(t finances. 5hows that highly towards de(t financing which gives more earning per shares.
@. S=O* %naysis
@..1 Strengths:
$afeez Iq(al >il and 8hee Industries are (ecoming successful day (y day. Their main strengths are given (elowK
4rand Mu7ahid has (een the single largest selling (rand in the
I5> *)K 1ertifiedK The 1ompany has a wellEdefined quality policy and has successfully o(tained the I5>E*)K quality system certification in the year )**-.
$I>8I five times awarded with I5> standard includes Cuality, #nvironmental, and Food 5afety.
$I>8I is the first I5> certified ghee B cooking oil manufacturing unit in Pakistan
In govt. :tility stores 1orporation of Pakistan and 9rmy also provided $I>8I
Modern high capacity plant to meet the e6cess demand of edi(le oil in the country.
$igh profit earning
1ustomers can easily access
@..( =ea0nesses:
>n the one side where organization has strengths (ut on the other hand there are some weaknesses, which are descri(ed (elowK Mu7ahid is a very old (rand there has (een no change in packaging since ages, people feel that the new (etter packaged (rands have (etter products. The (rand suffers with an image pro(lem. It is perceived as an old (rand and the consumers are (ored with it. There has (een no innovative packaging change since )**!.
There is already num(er of companies producing 8hee B 1ooking >il in the country
People are getting (ored (ecause packaging style is old and need to (e revised
9dvertisement is not appropriate
@..) Opportunities:
The company has the opportunitiesK
Meet the demand of local market due to high rate of consumption.
The company can cash on Mu7ahid to introduce new products" they have a large market share in the central and northern areas of Pakistan.
The fat free 4anaspati is still popular and can (e advertised to gain the market in health conscious people.
People are (ecoming health conscious and are switching to (rands offering vitamin and cholesterol free attri(utes.
There is a growing segment of working women in search of modern and convenient methods of cooking. Therefore, the flavored oils stand a very good chance.
5hows emotional attachment as well as health 4enefits
They can take advantages (y hiring more skilled people and they should hire
young, fresh and energetic staff for their (etterment @..@ *hreats:
The company has to face these threatsK
The market is now (eing entered (y 5oya (ean canola and sunflower oils, these are (eing (ought (y health conscience people this will lead to Mu7ahid decline in market share.
The overall market of oil and (anaspati is declining due to the Fluctuations in the world oil prices.
8overnment policies are changing day to day so it is a threat for the Mu7ahids to survive in such a changea(le situation.
4anaspati is perceived to (e old fashioned and unhealthy (y the upper incomeur(an consumers.
=ately sunflower and 1anola (ased single oils have aggressively entered the market.
The un(randed segment comprises an enormous ?O of the edi(le oil an d 4a na sp at i market. This is sold loose to the rurallower income consumers.
Indirect 1ompetition is a threat and a chance that may grow in future. ;ue to Price factor and Cuality standard competitors are giving high task.
;ifferent types of competitor are entered in the market with the passage of time.
Chapter A Concusion %nd Reco''endations
$inding fro' financia anaysis and sot anaysis6 A.1 Concusion
In my point of view, the internal setup and working pattern is not enough well developed regarding to the management. There is lack of some management functions like planning, organizing, leading and controlling. This sort of thing comes in strategic planning. 5o, as a whole company should focus on strategic planning in which all these things come. 4ut to the e6ternal environment, the company has well reputed image in the pu(lic. It seems to (e working well according to the market situation. It had captured a large volume of market share. >ne good thing is that they know how to make and retain customers according to market trend. 5o, they listen customers complains and solved them on priority (asis. They (elieve in quality not quantity. 1ompany is very much conscious a(out the satisfaction of the customers and their quality product. 9ll the staff of $I>8I of the company is also very cooperative to the customer and work with coordination for (etter quality.
A.( Reco''endations
1ompany is doing well its (usiness. 4ut there is always need for improvement in every system. 5o, I suggest following recommendations for the c ompany. If the company adopts them, I think it can increase company revenue.
They must have separate department for marketing, sales, $0, and administration
9n employee friendly environment must (e created. 5o, employees small mistakes should (e ignored.
9 we(site is very necessary for company now a day. 9s all other ghee companies are providing online (ooking facility to the customers.
Punctuality of workers and strong communication (etween departments must (e assured.
Free campaign a(out the acknowledgement of product.
Packaging style is old and need to (e revised %like ;alda has recently introduced an oil (ottle with interactive features&
References and Sources used
iQ 2aved 9. %)& Internship reportG su(mitted to International Islamic :niversity Islama(ad. iiQ 5adaf '. %)& Internship reportG su(mitted to Fatima 2innah women :niversity 0awalpindi iiiQ 8hani, M. 9. %)**?&. 9dvanced 9ccounts. Pak imperial (ook ;epot =ahore. ivQ M.1. 5hukla. %-&. 9dvanced 9ccounts. 5.chand B company.
=eb References
). www.M8I.com . www.8oogle.com /. www.9nswer.com !. www.wekipedia.com ?. www.scri(d.com Mu7ahid 8roup of Pakistan
%nne5ures % Hafeez Iqba Oi and !hee Industries Inco'e State'ent Of $ive 7ear ,uy )1G (889(81) ,uy )1G (81)
,uy )1G (81(
,uy )1G (811
,uy )1G (818
,uy )1G
Rupees
Rupees
Rupees
Rupees
(889 Rupees
5ales N et
),-)-,
),!+?,!
),/??,+-
),/),H
-,+) %),!?,H
,/)/ %??+,+
))+)?
%),/*-,/
+,)) %),/+,*,*)-&
-,+?-&
/!,)H&
%*-,?-,-?&
!-,+)/ 1ost of sales !ross profit
?,/!&
/)*,-
5elling and distri(ution
,?-*
%?),/
*+,!
e6penses 9dministrative
*,?*&
%+,/)
-,/!&
general e6penses
and
,*!&
!H,H
),*H!&
%-,! %!!,!
H-,-+ +,)?/ /,H!& -,/)&
/-,?
%?+,*/
-H,+++
*,H!,-? E
%!*,?*
H!,H*)& %)!H, /*,!&
-H-!-!?
%/,
>ther income Operating profit
))!, H?,-?
H,!-) /-!,)
!+,)/ Financial 1ost
%),)+ !,)H&
>ther 1harges "rofit before ta5ation
%/H+,/
+,?H?&
?,*?+&
E
),)H
E
!!!,H
)*,H
%,-!
+-,?HH %)/,/
),!*?&
-,!?),!H!
/,+-&
/?*,H
*,+H
%),+?H,-&
%- ,-?*&
%)H,!
-,+!/,H!H %?,/
+?,-?)&
)*-,
!/,?*/
%),!
%)!,-
??,!)
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