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GMR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION Solar Solar energ energy y play plays s a major major role role in in pres presen entt days. It is rene renew wable able sour source ce of ener energy gy.. This This pres presen entat tation ion is abou aboutt the the new new type type of of solar cell. It is 5 times times effi efficie cient nt than than conv conven enti tion onal al sola solar r cells.
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Nanotechnology is about building things atom by atom, molecule by molecule.
Nanotechnology Nanotechnology is billionth of a matter.
It is defined as the study of functional structures with dimensions in the range of 1-100 nanometer nanometer .
Working
of solar cell
These are photovoltaic photovoltaic (PV) cells based on crystalline silicon. It absorbs absorbs visible visible sunlight sunlight and transferr transferred ed to the semiconductor material. This energy energy knocks electrons electrons to flow freely freely,, which results current. Current Current is draw drawn n from the metal metal contacts contacts in PV cell.
FIGURE SHOWING THE WORKING O F SOLAR CELL
Why
Nanotechnology in solar cell
The conventional conventional solar cells are less efficient. efficient. Their efficiency is very poor in cloudy days. To overcome To overcome above problems, problem s, A new type of solar cell embedded with NANOTECHNOLOGY is developed, which is INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL.
Division of sunlight
INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL A plastic solar cell can turn the suns power into electric energy even on a cloudy day.
It uses specially designed nano particles called quantum dots.
QUANTUM DOT
The quantum dots with a polymer to make the plastic that can detect energy in the infrared.
QUANTUM DOT LAYER
INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL This plastic material can harness the sun¶s invisible infrared rays. These plastic solar cells can be taken everywhere. It reduces the need to PLUG IN for power. power.
WORKING
OF PLASTIC SOLAR CELL
It requires semiconductor nanorods (7 nm by 60nm).
The heart of a solar cell is a 200-nm-thick film.
It consists of cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanorods and blended with P3HT(poly-3hexylthiophen P3HT(poly-3hexylthiophene). e).
A layer only 200 nanometers thick is sandwiched between electrodes. It can produce 0.7V at present
Aluminium coating acts as the back electrode .
When nanorods absorb light they generate an electron and an electron hole. Ele Electro ctron n is colle llected ted by allum llumin iniu ium m elec electr tro ode. de. The hole is transferred to the plastic and conveyed to the the elect lectro rod de, crea reatin ting a cur urre rent nt..
IMPROVEMENTS Bette Betterr ligh lightt colle collecti ction on and and conce concentr ntrat ation ion employed employed in the solar cells. In plasti plastic c cells cells nano nano rod rods s are are closel closely y packe packed d and transfer their electrons more directly to the electrolyte. They They also also hop hope e to to tun tune e the nano nano rods rods to to absorb different colors to span the spectrum of sun light.
APPLICATIONS Telecommunication systems: systems:
Radi Radio o tran transce sceiv iver ers s on moun mounta tain in top tops, s, or or telephone boxes in the country can often be solar powered.
Hydrogen powered car :
Hydrogen car painted with the film could convert solar energy into electricity to continually recharge the car¶s battery
Coating the cell : Chip coated in the material could power cell phone A couple of drops if the titanium dioxide suspension is then added. The slide is then set aside to dry for one minute.
Ocean navigation aids:
Ocean navigation aids: many lighthouses and most buoys are now powered by solar cells.
ADVANTAGES Thes These e are are cons consid ider ered ed to be 30% 30% more more efficient. Their Their effic efficien iency cy is is same same even even on on clou cloudy dy day days. These These are very very comp compact act and and more more practi practical cal in application. These These cells cells avoid avoids s effect effects s like pollu pollutio tion. n. Fab Fabrica ricattion ion is ea easy sy..
LIMITATIONS The They are very cost costly ly.. Relat Relative ively ly short shorter er life life spa span n whe when n contin continuo uousl usly y exposed to sunlight. It requir requires es high higher er main mainten tenan ance ce and and consta constant nt monitoring.
CONCLUSION Plastic solar cells help in exploiting the infrar infrared ed radiat radiation ion.. More effective when compared to conv conven enti tion onal al sola solarr cell cells. s. They can even work on cloudy days. Though at present cost is a major drawback, it can be solved in the near future.
REFERENCES
1.Introduction
to Nanotechnology:Charles P Poole,Frank J Owens
2.Nanomaterials:synthesis,properties and applications:Edelstein, A.S.cammarata
