UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AGRARIA LA MOLINA. FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA AGRÍCOLA.
“CLASIFICACIÓN DE SUELOS”
CURSO
:
ALUMNOS
:
MECÁNICA DE SUELOS.
Castro Qus!" #a$% Mart& Do&so Gu"rr"ro A%"'a&(ra )"rr"ra Sa&t*a+", -ora M%a/ros )ua!a0a Ru"(a 1o2a&&a A%"ssa&(ra #ROFESOR GRU#O
: :
I&/. M3%a/a Cu"*a M/u"%
“A4”.
FEC)A DE #RESENTACIÓN
: 56 7 897 598
1
CONTENIDO I.
INTRODUCCIÓN..................... ............................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ................................. ....................... ..
II.
OBJETIV OBJETIVOS... OS....... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ...... .. ..
III. III. MARCO ARCO TEÓR EÓRICO ICO...................... ............................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... .......... .. ;.8 GRANULOMETRÍA.............................................................................3 ;.8.8 M
Cur* Cur*a a /ra&u /ra&u%o %o<
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;.8.; ;.8.; Co">= Co">="& "&t" t" (" u&?o u&?or r(a( (a( 0 =o">= =o">="& "&t" t" (" =ur*a =ur*atur tura a ......... ....... ..
3.2. PLASTICIDAD........ PLASTICIDAD................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ...................................... ...........................7 7 3.2.1 LIMITES DE CONSISTENCIA O “ATTERBERG”...................................... TTERBERG”...................................... .. IV. IV.
MATERI MATERIALES ALES Y EQUIPOS. EQUIPOS..... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ......... ............ ............... ........... ...
V.
PROCEDIM PROCEDIMIENT IENTO... O....... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ......... ............ .............. ............ .....
VI. DISCUSIONES..................... ................................ ..................... ..................... ............................................. .................................. .. VII. VII. CONC CONCL LUSIO USIONE NES S..................... ............................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................................. ....................... VIII. RECOMEND RECOMENDACION ACIONES ES.................... ............................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .......................... ................ I@. I@. REFE REFERE RENC NCIA IA I IL LIO IOGR GRÁF ÁFIC ICA. A...................... ............................... ..................... ............................... ....................
X.
ANEXOS... ANEXOS....... ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ ........ .......... ......
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I.
INTRODUCCIÓN.
El c!"#$%!&'($ )'l *+'l '*$, -'#(%) "# *+* "#"&')%)'* /0*&c%* )'&) % l% -#%( %#&')%) )' '*$%* c%#%c$'#0*$&c%* '* +' *' $&'(' )&/'#'($'* $&"* )' *+'l* +' *' c!"#$%( )' !%('#% )&/'#'($'. P# l $%($4 '* &!"#$%($' )'*c#&&# ' &)'($&5c%# 'l *+'l '( $6#!&(* c('(&'($'* +' )'5(%( c( cl%#&)%) '8%c$&$+) *+* c%#%c$'#0*$&c%*. U(% %)'c+%)% #&-+#*% cl%*&5c%c&9( "'#!&$' $'('# +(% "#&!'#% &)'% %c'#c% )'l c!"#$%!&'($ !'c,(&c +' '*$' "+')% $'('#4 *&'() +( /%c$# &!"#$%($' %l !!'($ )' #'%l&:%# c+%l+&'# #% '( l% c+%l *'% $'!% )' %(,l&*&*. E( '*$' '(*% *' +*%#, l* c(c&!&'($* "#'&* '( &)'($&5c%c&9( )' *+'l* "%#% ;%ll%# l% -#%(+l!'$#0% l0!&$'* )' c(*&*$'(c&%. D' '*$% !%('#% *' ")#, #'%l&:%# l% cl%*&5c%c&9( )'l *+'l *'-<( l% SUCS c(c'# *+* "#"&')%)'*. A*&!&*! ")#'!* )'$'#!&(%# l* 5('* &(-'(&'#&l'* "%#% l* c+%l'* ")#0% *'# <$&l l% !+'*$#% )' *+'l.
II.
O1ETIVOS • •
•
•
•
•
III.
D&+=%# ' &($'#"#'$%# l% c+#% -#%(+l!6$#&c%. A)+&#&# c(c&!&'($* *#' 'l !) "'#%$& )' #'%l&:%# 'l !6$) )' %(,l&*&* -#%(+l!6$#&c4 %*%) '( l%* (#!%* ASTM C 13> AAS?TO T 274 "%#% ")'# )'$'#!&(%# )' !%('#% %)'c+%)% l% )&*$#&+c&9( )' l%* "%#$0c+l%* )' +( *+'l. D'$'#!&(%# ' &($'#"#'$%# 'l L&!&$' L&+&)4 'l L&!&$' Pl,*$&c 'l 0()&c' )' "l%*$&c&)%) )'l *+'l4 +$&l&:%() "%#% '* l% c+#% )' @+&)':. G#%5c%# ' &($'#"#'$%# l% c+#% )' @+&)': c%#$% )' "l%*$&c&)%) )'l *+'l % "%#$&# )' l* #'*+l$%)* $'(&)* '( 'l l%#%$#&. U$&l&:%# l% -#%(+l!'$#0% )'l *+'l *+* l0!&$'* )' A$$'#'#"%#% &)'($&5c%# cl%*&5c%# 'l *+'l. V'#&5c%# l% &%&l&)%) )' "#'c$* &(-'(&'#&l'* '( 'l *+'l '( '*$+)&.
MARCO TEÓRICO.
;.8 GRANULOMETRÍA L% -#%(+l!'$#0% *' )'5(' c! l% )&*$#&+c&9( )' l* )&/'#'($'* $%!%* )' l%* "%#$0c+l%* )' +( *+'l4 '8"#'*%) c! +( "#c'($%=' '( #'l%c&9( c( 'l "'* $$%l )' l% !+'*$#% *'c%. S' +$&l&:% c! +( &(*$#+!'($ '( l% cl%*&5c%c&9( )' l* !%$'#&%l'*4 % +' l% )'*c#&"c&9( "# $%!% $&'(' '*"'c&%l &($'#6* '( l% *'l'cc&9( )'
3
!%$'#&%l'* "%#% #'ll'(* )' c%##'$'#%* "#'*%*4 l* c+%l'* #'+&'#'( !%$'#&%l'* c( -#%)+%c&('* )'$'#!&(%)%*. El %(,l&*&* -#%(+l!6$#&c )' +( *+'l $&'(' "# 5(%l&)%) )'$'#!&(%# l% "#"#c&9( )' *+* )&/'#'($'* 'l'!'($* c(*$&$+'($'*4 cl%*&5c%)* '( /+(c&9( )' *+ $%!%. E*$' '(*% c(*&*$' '( 'l $%!&:%) )'l *+'l !')&%($' $%!&c'* c')%:*4 #'$'(&'() c%)% $%!&: %+'ll%* "%#$0c+l%* c+ $%!% '* *+"'#&# % l% l+: )' l% !%ll% c##'*"()&'($'. El "'* )' '*$* #'c;%:* *' #'l%c&(% %l "'* $$%l )'l *+'l $%!&:%). S'-<( l% (#!% ASTM E11 l* $%!&c'* $&'('( l% *&-+&'($' cl%*&5c%c&9( *'-<( 'l (
;.8.8 M
C!"#'()' )* cl%*'* )' '(*%* El )' $%!&:%) "%#% l%* "%#$0c+l%* -#+'* -#%(+l%#'* -#%%*4 %#'(%* 'l )' *')&!'($%c&9( "%#% l% /#%cc&9( 5(% )'l *+'l l&!*4 %#c&ll%*.
M
$%!&c'*4 #'c&' 'l !%$'#&%l !,* 5( ( #'$'(&) "# (&(-<( $%!&:. C( *%c+)&)%* ;#&:($%l'* -l"'* '#$&c%l'*4 !'c,(&c* !%(+%l'*4 *' ;%c' "%*%# 'l *+'l "# l% *'#&' )' $%!&c'*4 )' %##&% %%=4 "%#% l+'- "'*%# "# *'"%#%) 'l *+'l #'$'(&) '( c%)% !%ll%.
M
;.8.5 Cur*a /ra&u%o
L% c+#% -#%(+l!6$#&c% )' +( *+'l '* +(% #'"#'*'($%c&9( -#,5c% )' l* #'*+l$%)* $'(&)* '( +( l%#%$#&4 c+%() *' %(%l&:% l% '*$#+c$+#% )'l *+'l )'*)' 'l "+($ )' &*$% )'l $%!% )' l%* "%#$0c+l%* +' l /#!%(. P%#% '*$' %(,l&*&* *' +$&l&:%( )* "#c')&!&'($* '( /#!% c!&(%)%4 l%* "%#$0c+l%* !%#'* *' *'"%#%( "# !')& )' $%!&c'* c( %'#$+#%* )' !%ll% '*$%()%#&:%)%*4 l+'- *' "'*%( l%* c%($&)%)'* +' ;%( *&) #'$'(&)%* '( c%)% $%!&: !&'($#%* +' "# $# l%)4 l%* "%#$0c+l%* !'(#'* *' *'"%#%( "# 'l !6$) ;&)#!6$#&c. S' #'"#'*'($% -#,5c%!'($' '( +( "%"'l )'(!&(%) l-H(#!%l &-.F14 "# $'('# '( l% ;#&:($%l +(% '*c%l% l-%#0$!&c%4 '( l% '#$&c%l +(% '*c%l% (%$+#%l. &-.F1 C+#% -#%(+l!6$#&c% )' +( *+'l %#'(Hl&!*4 #'"#'*'($%) '( +( "%"'l l-H(#!%l •
Porcentaje retenido (Ret. %): C##'*"()' %l "#c'($%=' '(
!%*% )' l% !+'*$#% )&#'c$%!'($' #'$'(&)% '( '*' $%!&:. El "#c'($%=' #'$'(&) '( c%)% !%ll% *' c%lc+l%4 !')&%($' l% *&-+&'($' /9#!+l% Ret. (%) =
x 100%
5
•
%'#$+#% )' +( )'$'#!&(%) $%!&:.
•
Porcentaje acumulado (Acum. %): C##'*"()' %l
"#c'($%=' '( !%*% )' $)%* l%* "%#$0c+l%* )' !'(# $%!% +'4 l%
S' c%lc+l% c! l% *+!% )' $)* l* "#c'($%='* "%#c&%l'* #'$'(&)* '( l* $%!&c'* )' %'#$+#% )' !%# $%!% !,* 'l "#c'($%=' )' l #'$'(&) '( '*' $%!&:. Porcentaje que pasa (Pasa %): C##'*"()' %l "#c'($%=' '( !%*% )' $)%* l%* "%#$0c+l%* )' !'(# $%!% +' l% %'#$+#% )' +( )'$'#!&(%) $%!&:. S' c%lc+l% c! l% )&/'#'(c&% '($#' 'l 1FF 'l "#c'($%=' %c+!+l%) '( c%)% !%ll%.
;.8.; Co">="&t" (" u&?or(a( 0 =o">="&t" (" =ur*atura ;.8.;.8
Co">="&t" (" u&?or(a( Cu
M')&)% *&!"l' +' *' +*% "%#% '%l+%# l% +(&/#!&)%) )'l $%!% )' l%* "%#$0c+l%* )'l *+'l. E( #'%l&)%) *' ")#0% c(*&)'#%# c! +( c'5c&'($' )' ( +(&/#!&)%) "+'* *+ valor numérico decrece cuando la uniformidad aumenta . L* *+'l* c( C+ K 3 *' c(*&)'#%( !+ +(&/#!'* %+( l%* %#'(%* (%$+#%l'* !+ +(&/#!'* "#'*'($%( #%#% ': C+ K 2. 6
;.8.;.5
Co">="&t" (" =ur*atura C=
E*$' c'5c&'($' #'@'=% l% c+#%$+#% )' l% c+#% -#%(+l!6$#&c% )'5(&'() l% -#%)+%c&9( )' l* *+'l* )' !+'*$#%.
D()' -
D&,!'$# "# 'l +' "%*% 'l >F )'l "'* $$%l )' l% !+'*$#%. D D&,!'$# "# 'l +' "%*% 'l 3F )'l "'* $$%l )' l% !+'*$#%. D D&,!'$# "# 'l +' "%*% 'l 1F )'l "'* $$%l )' l% !+'*$#%. D60
30
10
Os"r*a=B&:
S& Cc '*$, c'#c% )' 14 'l *+'l '* &'( -#%)%). S& Cc '* !+c; !'(# !+c; !%# +' 14 'l *+'l '* "#'!'($' -#%)%). El coeciente de uniformidad y el coeciente de concavidad no tienen sinicaci!n cuando m"s de un #$ % del suelo pasa la malla & '$$ .
;.5. #LASTICIDAD L% "l%*$&c&)%) '* l% "#"&')%) +' "#'*'($%( l* *+'l* )' ")'# )'/#!%#*'4 ;%*$% c&'#$ l0!&$'4 *&( #!"'#*'. E*$* *+'l* *( ll%!%)* 5(* l&! %#c&ll%. A)'!,* '* l% $#%(*&c&9( '($#' 'l '*$%) *9l&) 'l '*$%) l0+&). P%#% c(c'# l% "l%*$&c&)%) )' +( *+'l *' ;%c' +* )' l* l0!&$'* )' A$$'#'#-4 +' *( l&!&$' l0+&) l&!&$' "l,*$&c4 "# !')& )' '*$* (* ")'!* )%# c+'($% )' +' $&" )' 7
*+'l '* 'l +' *' '*$, '*$+)&%(). E* "# 'll +' *' )'' )'$'#!&(%# l* l0!&$'* l0+&) H "l,*$&c 'l 0()&c' )' "l%*$&c&)%) 'l c+%l c(*&*$' '( l% )&/'#'(c&% )' %!* l0!&$'*.
;.5.8 LIMITES DE CONSISTENCIA O “ATTERERG” U( &('*$&-%)# *+'c '*"'c&%l&*$% '( *+'l*4 A. A$$'#'#- )')&c%) % $#%%=* )' c'#,!&c% %-#&c+l$+#% "#"+* 111 c&(c '*$%)* )' c(*&*$'(c&%* )' *+'l* l* c+%l'* *( l&!&$' l0+&)4 "l,*$&c4 )' c($#%cc&9(4 )' "'-%=*&)%) )' c;'*&9(. E*$* l0!&$'* )' c(*&*$'(c&% )' *+'l* '*$,( %*%)* '( c($'(&) )' %-+% "%#% (+'*$# '(*% *( l* *&-+&'($'*
El
'*$%) *'!&*9l&) *' "#'*'($% '($#' 'l l0!&$' "l,*$&c )' #'$#%cc&9( 'l l0!&$' )' #'$#%cc&9( ( '* !%$'#&% )' '*$+)& "%#% '*$' '(*%. ;.5.8.8 Lt" Lu(o Wl
E* 'l c($'(&) )' %-+% "# '(c&!% )'l c+%l 'l *+'l *' c!"#$% c! +( l0+&) &*c* +(% !':cl% )' *+'lH%-+% c( +(% #'*&*$'(c&% %l c#$' ( !')&l'. E( &(-'(&'#0% )' *+'l* 'l l0!&$' l&+&) *' )'5(' !,* &'( %#&$#%#&%!'($' c! 'l c($'(&) )' %-+% %l c+%l 2 -l"'* )' l% !,+&(% )'l l0!&$' l&+&) c&'##% +(% %c%(%l%)+#% c#$%)% '( +(% =+($% )' *+'l '( +(% )&*$%(c&% )' 13!!. S'-<( C%*%-#%()' 1 $#* ;%( !)&5c%) 'l '(*% "#"+'*$ "# A$$'#'#-4 )' $%l /#!% +' )'"'()' !'(* )' l% *+='$&&)%) )'l "'#%)# '* !,* #'"#)+c&l' c( '+&" '*$,()%#. ;.5.8.5 Lt" #%3st=o Wp
E* 'l c($'(&) )' %-+% "# )'%= )'l c+%l 'l *+'l % ( *' c!"#$% c! +( !%$'#&%l "l,*$&c $%!&6( *' )'5(' %#&$#%#&%!'($' c! 'l c($'(&) )' %-+% %l c+%l *' %-#&'$% #!"' +( c&l&()# )' *+'l c+%() *' l '(#ll% % +( )&,!'$# )' 3!!. E*$' '(*% '*$%* !,* *!'$&) % l% *+='$&&)%) )'l "'#%)# +' 'l '(*% )' l0!&$' l0+&). L* l0!&$'* l0+&) "l,*$&c *' c%lc+l%( )' l% *&-+&'($' !%('#% % (t * s)+s. 8
D()' "#c'($%=' )' ;+!')%). $ "'* $$%l )' l% !+'*$#% )' *+'l -#. * "'* )' *+'l *'c -#. El l0!&$' l&+&) *&'!"#' '* !%# +' 'l l&!&$' "l,*$&c )'&) % +' )' '*$* )'"'()' l% '8&*$'(c&% )' l% "l%*$&c&)%) )'l *+'l )'$'#!&(%( l* c%!&* )' '*$%) )' *l&) % l0+&) &c''#*%.
;.5.8.;
Í&(=" (" #%ast=(a(
E* 'l &($'#%l )' c($'(&)* )' %-+% '($#' 'l l0!&$' l0+&) l 'l l0!&$' "l,*$&c " c+%() 'l *+'l *' c!"#$% c! +( !%$'#&%l "l,*$&c *' c%lc+l% c! ,p -- -P.
D()' I" 0()&c' )' "l%*$&c&)%) . LL l0!&$' l0+&) . LP l0!&$' "l,*$&c . El *&-+&'($' -#,5c !+'*$#% l% +&c%c&9( )'l 0()&c' )' "l%*$&c&)%) '($#' l* *+'l* '( '*$%)* *9l&) l0+&)
LA
CARTA DE #LASTICIDAD SEGHN CASAGRANDE.
P#'*'($% l% )'$'#!&(%c&9( cl%*&5c%c&9( )' l* *+'l*.
9
IV.
MATERIALES - EQUI#OS Mat"ra%"s
M+'*$#% )' *+'l. A-+% )'*$&l%)%. P&c'$% T%!&: !%ll% N F J+'- )' $%!&c'* +' %#0'( )'*)' 3” ;%*$% 'l N 2FF. P'*%* C+%#$'%)# B%()'=%*
E+&"*
C"% )' C%*%-#%()' &(cl+'() 'l #%(+#%)#. Ac%(%l%)# 10
V.
R'c&"&'($' )' "#c'l%(%. E*",$+l%. P&c'$%. R'c&"&'($'* )' !'$%l. ?#( % +(% $'!"'#%$+#% )' 11FC. %l%(:% c( %"#8&!%c&9( )' F4F1- c%"%c&)%) )' 2FF-.
#ROCEDIMIENTO 8 ?!-'(&:%# l% !+'*$#% )' *+'l +' *' #&()% c( %+)% )' +(% l%!"% "%#% l+'- #'%l&:%# 'l c+%#$' $!%# +(% !+'*$#% #'"#'*'($%$&%. 5 D' l% !+'*$#% $'(&)%4 ;%c'# "%*%# "# !%ll% 3. D' '*$% !%('#% *' *'"%#% l%* -#%%* )' l%* %#'(%*. ; D'l !%$'#&%l +' +')9 #'$'(&) '( l% !%ll% 3” -#%% S' #'%l&:% 'l $%!&:%) !%ll%* 3”4 2 124 2”4 1 12 *' %($%( $)* l* "'** #'$'(&)* '( c%)% $%!&:. D'l !%$'#&%l +' "%* l% !%ll% 3 *' *'"%#%( 2 !+'*$#%* L% "#&!'#% !+'*$#% *'#, "%#% c%lc+l%# 'l "#c'($%=' )' ;+!')%) +' c($&'(' 'l *+'l '( c()&c&('* (#!%l'*. El "#c')&!&'($ '* "'*%# +(% c%($&)%) #'"#'*'($%$&% )'l *+'l P? l+'- ll'%#l %l ;#( )' 11FC )+#%($' 2 ;. P%*%) 'l $&'!" *' +'l' % "'*%# PS c( l* )%$* $'(&)* *' c%lc+l% 'l ?+!')%). E*$' %l# *'#, &!"#$%($' "%#% ;%c'# l% c##'cc&9( "# ;+!')%). L% *'-+()% !+'*$#% *'#, "%#% #'%l&:%# 'l $%!&:%) )' 5(*. P# 'l $&" )' *+'l +' *' $&'('4 c( $'##('* ;F4 1FF4 1F4 2 00. S' %($%( l* "'** #'$'(&)* '( c%)% $%!&:. 6 P%#% $'('# 'l %l# )'l "'* )' %#'(%*4 *' #'%l&:% l% c##'cc&9( "# ;+!')%)4 )' '*$% !%('#% *' $#%%=% c( "'** *'c*. L* %l#'* $'(&)* )'l $%!&:%=' )' l%* •
•
11
%#'(%* *' $&'('( +' ll'%# % +(% #'-l% )' 3 "%#% $'('# 'l %l# #'%l ")'# #'%l&:%# l% c+#% -#%(+l!6$#&c%. D'l !%$'#&%l +' "%* l% !%ll% 3 *' $!% $#% !+'*$#% "%#% #'%l&:%# l% "#+'% )' l0!&$'* )' c(*&*$'(c&% A$$'#'#-. El "#c')&!&'($ )' l%* "#+'%* *( l* *&-+&'($'* LÍMITE LÍQUIDO J T!%!* +(% !+'*$#% )' *+'l c( "%#$0c+l%* +' "%*'( "# l% !%ll% NF )' %"#8&!%)%!'($' )' 1FH 2FF-. l% clc%!* *#' 'l #'c&"&'($' )' "#c'l%(%4 *'-+&)%!'($' '!"':%!* % %%)&# "'+'%* c%($&)%)'* )' %-+% % l% !+'*$#%4 !':cl,()l% c( l% '*",$+l% ;%*$% +' '*$% $'(-% +( cl# +(% %"%#&'(c&% c#'!*%. K D'*"+6* c%l&#%!* l% c"% )' C%*%-#%()'4 c( %+)% )'l %c%(%l%)#. U(% ': c%l&#%) *' &(&c&% 'l '(*%. L+'- clc%!* l% "#c&9( )' *+'l "#'"%#%)4 '( l% c"% )'l )&*"*&$& )' l&!&$' l&+&) '( 'l "+($ '( +' l% c"% )'*c%(*% *#' l% %*'4 "#'*&(,()l%4 '*"%#c&6()l% '( l% c"% ;%*$% +(% "#/+()&)%) )' %"#8&!%)%!'($' 1F !! '( *+ "+($ !,* "#/+()4 /#!%() +(% *+"'#5c&' %"#8&!%)%!'($' ;#&:($%l. T'(&'() c+&)%) '( ( )'=%# +#+=%* )' %&#' %$#%"%)%* '( l% "%*$% )' *+'l. 89 U$&l&:%!* 'l %c%(%l%)#4 )&&)&'() l% !+'*$#% c($'(&)% '( l% c"%4 ?%c&'() +(% #%(+#% % $#%6* )'l *+'l *&-+&'() +(% l0('% +' +(% 'l "+($ !,* %l$ 'l "+($ !,* %= *#' l% c"% !%($'(&'() 'l %c%(%l%)# "'#"'()&c+l%# % l% *+"'#5c&' )' l% c"%4 )'*"+6* '!"%#'=%!* l% *+"'#5c&' )' l% "%*$% )' *+'l c( l% '*",$+l%. 88 L+'- -&#%!* 'l !%(+#& )' l% c"% )' C%*%-#%()' % +(% 'lc&)%) )' 2 -l"'* "# *'-+() ;%*$% +' l%* )* !&$%)'* )' *+'l '*$6( '( c($%c$ '( l% %*' )' l% #%(+#% )' +(% l(-&$+) )' 13!! 12” l% !')&!* c( l% %+)% )' +(% #'-l%. 85 A($%!* 'l (
8 L+'- "%*%!* % !':cl%# (+'%!'($' $) l% !+'*$#% )' *+'l '( 'l #'c&"&'($' )' "#c'l%(% %%)&'() %-+% "%#% %+!'($%# *+ c($'(&) )' ;+!')%) )&*!&(+&# '( (”. LÍMITE #LÁSTICO 86 T!%!* +(% "#c&9( )' l% !+'*$#% +' +') )'l '(*% "%#% )'$'#!&(%# 'l l0!&$' l0+&) l% )&&)&!* '( %#&%* "%#$'*. 8 L+'- '(#ll%!* l% !+'*$#% c( l% "%l!% )' l% !%( '8$'()&)% *#' l% "l%c%4 c( l% "#'*&9( ('c'*%#&% "%#% '(#ll%# l% !%*% '( +( ;&l )' )&,!'$# +(&/#!' )' 3.2!!. 8J C+%() l% !+'*$#% 'l )&,!'$# "')&) l'!* % '(#ll%# #'%l&:%!* '*$' "#c'* *+c'*&%!'($' ;%*$% +' l* c&l&()#* '!"&'c'( % %-#&'$%#*' %l %lc%(:%# 'l )&,!'$# )' 3.2!!. 8K S'-+&)%!'($' "%*%!* % $!%# +(% "#c&9( )' l% !+'*$#% l% clc%!* '( +( #'c&"&'($' "#'&%!'($' "'*%)4 )'*"+6* "'*%!* 'l #'c&"&'($' c( l% !+'*$#% +' )'*"+6* *'#, ll'%) %l ;#( % +(% $'!"'#%$+#% )' 11FC )+#%($' 2;.
I#LLL# D()' IP ()&c' )' Pl%*$&c&)%) LL L0!&$' L0+&) LP L0!&$' "l,*$&c >. RESULTADOS #ESO MUESTRA GRAVAS FINOS
11F72 -#. 221 -#. 21 -#.
C##'cc&9( "# ;+!')%) CORRECION #OR )UMEDAD P.? P.S ? 324F -# 2>4FF -# 224
CORRECION DE FINOS P? PS 21 -# >2747 -#
13
L% c##'cc&9( "# ;+!')%)4 '( '*$% "#,c$&c%4 *l *' #'%l&:% '( %#'(%*.
P%#% ;%c'# l% -#%(+l!'$#0% )' 5(* MUESTRA PARA LAVADO / 247F -# 334 -#
P#&!'# *' ;%#, l% c##'cc&9( "# ;+!')%) %l "'* &(&c&%l )'
P'* c##'-&) W F42 -# L% )&/'#'(c&% '($#' 'l "'* c##'-&) 'l "'* 5(%l / #'"#'*'($% 'l "'* )' 5(* +' *' "'#)&9 c+%() *' #'%l&:9 'l l%%)4 '*$' '* >43 -# MALLA
ABERTURA DE MALLA (mm)
WRETENIDO (g)
% RETENIDO
% ACUMULADO
% QUE PASA
3"
76,20
0
0
0
100
2 1/2 "
63,50
0
0
0
100
2"
50,00
0
0
0
100
1 1/2" 3/4" 3/8" Nº4 N1! N2! N4! N! N14! N2!! #$&$ TOTAL
37,50
720,00
7,93
7,93
92,07
19,00
1531,00
16,86
24,79
75,21
9,500
1859,30
20,48
45,27
54,73
4,750
802,68
8,84
54,11
45,89
2,000
541,07
5,96
60,07
39,93
0,850
511,71
5,64
65,71
34,29
0,425
485,85
5,35
71,06
28,94
0,250
433,63
4,78
75,84
24,16
0,106
941,16
10,37
86,20
13,80
0,075
163,01
1,80
88,00
12,00
-
1089,57
12,00
100,00
0,00
9078,97
100,00
14
4 C! 'l "#c'($%=' )' 5(* '* 124 l* %l#'* )' C= Cu ( $&'('( *&-(&5c%).
LIMITES DE CONSISTENCIA LÍMITES DE ATTERERG LÍMITE LÍQUIDOLÍMITE #LÁSTICOINDICE DE #LASTICIDAD Lt" !%3st=o Lt" %u(o 8 5 ; #ru"a N 8 32 2> 17 N Go%!"s H 243 3>427 24F #"so r"=!. P su"%o 2u. 43 241> 314 2F42 #"so r"=!. P su"%o s"=o 43 >4 134F >41 #"so r"=!. 412 477 4> 34 #"so a/ua F41 14>7 141 14> #"so su"%o s"=o 1423 24 24F 27411 Co&t"&(o 2u. 14>3 2>41 Lt" !%3st=o 14>3
LMITE LQUIDO L 2>.1
LMITE PLSTICO P 1.>3
INDICE DE PLASTICIDAD IP 11.2
15
'
S*$ +*,-..+,&$ -g0 SUCS CL (,+.**, & ,, *,-5.+.&,&)
16
VI.
DISCUSIONES •
L%* !+'*$#%* /+'#( "'*%)%* '( +(% %l%(:% !'c,(&c% )' "'*%*4 l
•
c+%l "+) ( $#-%# +( )%$ "#'c&*4 "*&l'!'($' "# "#l'!%* )' c%l&#%c&9(4 '($#' $#*. El %l# )'l LL /+' $'(&) )' l% 'c+%c&9( l&('%l W H14>178 7>41F7. E*$ % +' *'-<( BZl'* 11 'l c!"#$%!&'($ '* l&('%l '($#' l* #%(-* )' 1F % 1FF -l"'*. A)'!,*4 l% $'(c&9( )'l %l# )'l c($'(&) )' ;+!')%) '( 'l l0!&$' l0+&) *' $&'(' )' "#'c$%# *#' l% #'c$% 'l "+($ c##'*"()&'($' % 2 -l"'* l+'- *#' 'l '=' )'l c($'(&) )' ;+!')%).
VII.
CONCLUSIONES •
El l0!&$' l0+&) $'(&) '* )' 2>.1 4 *' c(cl+' +'
•
l% !%*% *'c% )' l% !+'*$#% )' *+'l )'' $'('# )&c;% c%($&)%) !,8&!% )' %-+% "%#% +' "*'% "#"&')%)'* "l,*$&c%*. El l0!&$' "l,*$&c $'(&) '* )' 1.>34 'll &()&c% +' '* l% c%($&)%) !0(&!% )' %-+% +' #'+&'#' '*$' $&" )' *+'l "%#% "#'*'($%# "l%*$&c&)%).
•
C(/#!' %+!'($% 'l #%(- )' -l"'* %)!&$&)* "%#% c%)% '(*% )' l% c"% )' C%*%-#%()'4 'l "#c'($%=' )' ;+!')%) "#'*'($' *' % #')+c&'()4 '*$ $%!&6( *' '#&5c% '( l% 'c+%c&9( )' l% c+#% )' @+&)': W HF.1178 2.F3 c( "'()&'($' ('-%$&%4 )')+c&!* '($(c'* +' '8&*$' +(% #'l%c&( &('#*%.
•
A !%# "#c'($%=' )' ;+!')%) '( l% !+'*$#% '(*%%)% "# l% c"% )' C%*%-#%()'4 l% #%(+#% '($#' l% !+'*$#% *' =+($%#, !,* #,"&). E*$ &()&c% '&)'($'!'($' +' $'()#, !%# c($'(&) )' %-+%4 l% c+%l #')+c' l% #'*&*$'(c&% )' l% !+'*$#% l% +'l' !,* l&-'#% #'*%l%)&:% =+*$&5c%() 'l #'*+l$%) $'(&).
•
E( %*' % l% c%#$% )' "l%*$&c&)%)4 "#"+'*$% "# C%*%-#%()'4 ;%c&'() +* )' l% (#!%$&% SUCS4 'l $&" 17
)' cl%*&5c%c&9( %l +' "'#$'('c' '*$% !+'*$#% )' *+'l '* +(% %#c&ll% )' %=% "l%*$&c&)%) c!"#'*&&l&)%) %=% CL. A)'!,*4 *'-<( l% N#!% T6c(&c% P'#+%(% NTP 33.13.1.4 +( *+'l c( LL &(/'#&# % F 'l IP !%# % 74 '* c(*&)'#%) CL.
VIII.
RECOMENDACIONES •
R'&*%# c%l&#%# l* &(*$#+!'($* !+ &'( %($'* )'*"+6* )' l% "#,c$&c%4 '*"'c05c%!'($' l%* %l%(:%* l% c"% )'
•
C%*%-#%()' 'l'%c&9( '8%c$% )' 1c! R'%l&:%# l% l&!"&':% %)'c+%)% )' c%)% '+&" %($'* )'
•
&(&c&%# c( l* '(*%*4 )' '*$% !%('#% '&$%#'!* +' %-'($'* '8$'#(* c! "l #'*&)+* )' %l-+(% "#%c$&c% %($'#&# "+')%( %l$'#%# l* #'*+l$%)* +' *' %%( % $'('# '( l% "#'*'($' "#,c$&c%. Al !!'($ )' #'%l&:%# 'l '(*% )' l0!&$' "l,*$&c *' )'' $'('# c+&)%) )' ;%c'# l* #ll&$* c( l* )')*4 "+'*$ +' )%#,( )&/'#'($'* )&,!'$#*. E* #'c!'()%l' ;%c'#l c( l%
•
"%l!% )' l% !%(. Al !!'($ )' #'%l&:%# l% "#+'% )'l l0!&$' l0+&) '* ('c'*%#& +' l* -l"'* *'%( % +(% 'lc&)%) c(*$%($' !)'#%)% "%#% ")'# -'('#%# 'l '*c'(%#& "#"&c& '( +(%
•
%)'c+%)% $!% )' )%$*. M%($'('# +( #)'( c##'c$ %l !!'($ )' #'%l&:%# l% "#+'%4 *' #'c!&'()% '!"':%# c( l% c%l&#%c&9( )' l% %l%(:% l% c"% )' C%*%-#%()'4 l+'- "'*%# $)* l*
•
#'c&"&'($'* !'$,l&c*4 %($%# #)'(%)%!'($' c%)% )%$4 '!"':%# % !':cl%# 'l *+'l c( 'l %-+%4 "'*%# c%)% *+H !+'*$#% ll'%#l %l ;#(. D''!* "('# &(!')&%$%!'($' l% !+'*$#% %l !!'($ )' "'*%# l%* !+'*$#%* l+'- )' %c%%# +( '(*%4 *& *' "#l(-% !+c; 'l $&'!" )' '*"'#% l%* !+'*$#%* "+')'(
18
%*#'# ;+!')%) "'#)'# ;+!')%)4 )'"'()&'() )' l% c()&c&9( cl&!,$&c% .
I@.
REFERENCIA ILIOGRÁFICA. E.BOLES4 J*'"; 12. “P#"&')%)'* -'/0*&c%* )' l* *+'l*”. T#%)+c&) )' l% "#&!'#% ')&c&9(. E)&$#&%l McG#%ZH?&ll. I!"#'* '( B-$, Cl!&%. C%"&$+l 2. P#"&')%)'* /0*&c%* ' 0()&c'* )'l *+'l. C%"&$+l 3. E(*%* )' *+'l* "%#% "#"&')%)'*. P,-&(%* 3 % 34 >2.
C#'*" V&ll%l%:4 M'c%(&c% )' *+'l* c&!'($%c&('* ;$$"'*.*l&)'*;%#'.('$%)(%3c#'*"H&ll%l%:Hc%#l*H !'c%(&c%H)'H*+'l*HHc&!'($%c&('*H') •
M%(+%l )' l%#%$#&H-#%(+l!'$#0% •
;$$"&cc.+c.cl-'$'c(&%F3[)c'(c&%F2[l%#%$#&!% (+%l[l%#%$#&-#%(+l!'$#&%.")/ .
BADILLO JURE\ RICO ROGRGUE\. M'c,(&c% )' S+'l*. T! I +()%!'($* )' l% M'c,(&c% )' S+'l*. I!"#'* '( M68&c. E)&$#&%l L&!+*% S.A. 2F11. C%"0$+l >. Pl%*$&c&)%). P,-&(%* 127H 133.
N#!% T6c(&c% P'#+%(% NTP 33.13.1.
P,-&(%* Z' ;$$"c&&l-'']*.c!2F13112-#%(+l!'$#&%H*+'l*H &(-H('*$#Hl+&*H*%(c;': /$"/$".+(&c%+c%.')+.cc+'($%*.c+'($%*%=%)%*2F2F Fl+c#+:)c*C+#*2FM'cE1(&c%2F)'2FS+'l* 2FIM'c%(&c%2F)'2FS+'l*2FI2FESLAGE 2F1[2F.")/ ;$$"-'l%*.c!.!8l-$#%%=)&*$#&+c&(H -#%(+l!'$#&c% •
•
•
19
@.
ANE@OS.
#a&"% ?oto/r3>=o:
FOTO N8. C%l&#%c&9( )' C"% )' C%*%-#%()'.
FOTO
Clc%c&9( )' l% !+'*$#% '( l% C"% )' C%*%-#%()'.
N5.
20
FOTO N;. M+'*$#% *'c% "%#% '(*% )' l0!&$' l0+&) !+'*$#% *'c% )' E(*% )' L&!&$' Pl,*$&c
21
