Imp Q&A for Riaz(Definations)

IMPORTANT INTERVIEW QUESTIONS 1. What hat is is WP WPS? WPS is Welding Welding Procedre S!eci"ication# S!ec i"ication# It is a $ritten doc%ent do c%ent that !ro&ides direction to the $elder or $elding o!erator o! erator "or %a'ing !rodction $elds. (. What What is is the the Wel Weldin ding g Proces Process? s? a) *TAW *TAW

+*as Tngest Tngeston on Arc Arc Welding) elding)

 ,) SMAW

+Shielded Metal Arc Arc Welding) Welding)

c) SAW SAW

+S,%e +S,%erg rged ed Arc Arc Welding) lding)

d) -AW -AW

+-l/ oated Arc Arc Welding) elding)

e) *MAW *MAW

+*as +*as Metal Metal Arc Arc Weldin elding) g)

") PAW

+Plas% +Plas%aa Arc Arc Welding) lding)

interpass temperature, welding In a multipass weld, the lowest temperature of the deposited weld metal before the next weld pass is started. Image quality indicator  IQI “Penetrameter” is another common term for IQI. tack weld  A weld made to hold hold the parts of a weldment in proper alignment until the final welds welds are made. undercut  A groove melted into the base metal adjacent adjacent to the weld weld toe or weld root root and left unfilled unfilled b weld metal. metal. welder performance qualification WPQ  A test administered to a welder to to demonstrate the welder!s welder!s abilit to produce produce welds meeting meeting prescribed standards. "elding performance #ualification #ualification tests are specific to a "P$.

deadlegs Components of a piping system that normally have no signicant ow. defect An imperfection of a type or magnitude exceeding the acceptable criteria.

MAWP: maximum allowable working pressure MDMT :minimum design metal temperature pipe A pressure-tight cylinder used to convey a uid or to transmit a uid pressure and that is ordinarily designated “pipe in applicable material specications. positive material identication PMI Any physical evaluation or test of a material to conrm that the material! which has been or will be placed into service!is consistent with the selected or specied alloy material designated by the owner"user. smallbore piping !"P #iping that is less than or e$ual to %#& '. spool A section of piping encompassed by anges or other connecting ttings such as unions. defect  An imperfection whose tpe or si%e exceeds the applicable acceptance criteria and is therefore rejectable. heat-affected zone &he portion of the base metal whose mechanical properties or microstructure have been altered b the heat of welding or thermal cutting. pressure vessel  A container designed to withstand internal or external pressure. transition temperature &he temperature at which a material fracture mode changes from ductile to brittle.

#ualit degree to which a set of inherent characteristics '(.).*+ fulfils re#uirements '(.*.+ (.-. preventive action action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformit '(.-.+ or other undesirable potential situation

/0&1 * &here can be more than one cause for a potential nonconformit. /0&1  Preventive action is ta2en to prevent occurrence whereas corrective action '(.-.)+ is ta2en to prevent recurrence. (.-.) 3orrective action action to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformit '(.-.+ or other undesirable situation /0&1 * &here can be more than one cause for a nonconformit. /0&1  3orrective action is ta2en to prevent recurrence whereas preventive action '(.-.+ is ta2en to prevent occurrence. /0&1 ( &here is a distinction between correction '(.-.-+ and corrective action. audit sstematic, independent and documented process '(..* + for obtaining audit evidence '(.4.+ and evaluating it objectivel to determine the extent to which audit criteria '(.4.(+ are fulfilled

(a) Welding Procedure Specifcation (WPS). A (#& is a written $ualied welding procedure prepared to provide direction for ma)ing production welds to Code re$uirements.  *he (#& or other documents may be used to provide direction to the welder or welding operator to assure compliance with the Code re$uirements. Procedure Qualifcation Record (PQR). A #+, is a record of the welding data used to weld a test coupon.  *he #+, is a record of variables recorded during the welding of the test coupons.  *o reduce the number of welding procedure $ualications re$uired: #-%umbers are assigned to base metals dependent on characteristics such as composition! weldability! and mechanical properties! where this can logically be done roup %umbers are assigned additionally to #-%umbers. *hese roup %umbers classify the metals within #-%umbers for the purpose of procedure $ualication where notch-toughness re$uirements are specied.. (   ) Multiple WPSs With One PQR/Multiple PQRs With One WPS. &everal (#&s may be prepared from the data on a single #+, /e.g.! a 0 plate #+, may support (#&s for the 1! 2! 3! and 4 positions on plate or pipe within all other essential variables5.

 A single (#& may cover several essential variable changes as long as a supporting #+, exists for each essential and! when re$uired! supplementary essential variable 6e.g.! a single (#& may cover a thic)ness range from 0708 in. /0.9 mm5 through 007 in. /;' mm5 if #+,s exist for both the 0708 in. /0.9 mm5 through

0

#W$%& '()M"*+! #W$%, -eneral  *he following 1-%umber grouping of electrodes and welding rods in table +(-;' is based essentially on their usability characteristics! which fundamentally determine the ability of welders to ma)e satisfactory welds with a given ller metal. *his grouping is made to reduce the number of welding procedure and performance $ualications! where this can logically be done. *he grouping does not imply that base metals or ller metals within a group may be indiscriminately substituted for a metal that was used in the $ualication test without consideration of the compatibility of the base and ller metals from the standpoint of metallurgical properties! postweld heat treatment design and service re$uirements! and mechanical properties. *roo&e ia%eter 2i%its