HISTORY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY (2).pdf

HISTORY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY

• Evolution of Medical Technology • Hippocrates (460-377 B.C) and Galen (131-201 A.D) were first physicians to document their patient’s process of healing to improve patient care. • This completely changed how we viewed diseases. They were no longer some mysterious force that took so many lives. One could learn from how patients heal to improve treatment of the next patients. In other words, medical practice in ancient time was about gathering information and processing information.

Hippocrates

Galen

• However, the use of technology in medical practice did not start until the 19th century. • For a long time, the practice of medicine was based on patient’s descriptions of symptoms not based on hands-on experience such as examination of a patient’s body. • Not until the 18th century did physicians start to use manual techniques to diagnose patients and to study dead bodies.

THE FIRST LABORATORIES • University of Michigan – Chemical laboratory related to medicine (1844) – Dr. Douglas – not hospital connected – Dr. Vaughan worked as lab. assistant in 1874 – examined urine, blood and stomach contents

THE FIRST LABORATORIES Dr. William H. Welch –studied pathology and bacteriology –Germany –Started the first laboratory course in Bellevue Hospital Medical College –Became the first professor of pathology at Johns Hopkins University in 1885 –2 storey building • Bacteriology lab. • Amphitheater for autopsy • Pathology laboratory

THE FIRST LABORATORIES • First clinical Laboratory – 1896 – Johns Hopkins Hospital – Small room (12 x 12)

Johns Hopkins Hospital

THE FIRST LABORATORIES • Manual of Clinical Diagnosis – 1908 – James C. Todd – Kitchen table – Few shelves – 6th edition by Dr. Todd and Dr. Arthur Sanford (1927): Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods

THE FIRST LABORATORIES • Manual of Clinical Diagnosis – Standard reference for laboratories – Editorship of Davidsohn and Henry – John, Bernard and Henry

PROGRESS AFTER WORLD WAR I • • • •

Important factor in the growth of the clinical laboratory Great demand for technicians Demand for laboratory determinations University of Minnesota was the first to offer a degree level program

INFLUENCE OF WW II • Use of blood increased • Closed system of blood collection was widely adopted • Rh determination added to transfusion process • Rapid advance in instrumentation • Instruments that measure intensity of color production

INFLUENCE OF WW II • First automated equipment • Quality control programs became common • Lab medicine moved to an era of sophistication • Pathology, clinical microscopy, studies of blood cells, physiological chemistry and bacteriology

BIRTH OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES • End of WW II • 26th Medical Laboratory of the U. S. 6th Army was set up in Manila • Quiricada St, Sta. Cruz Manila • Manila Public Health Laboratory • Training of Filipino High School Graduates as laboratory technicians • Shipped back to U. S. in 1945

BIRTH OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES Dr. Alfredo Pio de Roda (bacteriologist) Dr. Mariano C. Icasiano (Manila City Health Officer) Medical Lab. Under City Health department Public Health Laboratory (October 1, 1945) Dr. Prudencio C. Sta. Ana Dr. Tirso Briones –Syllabus for training high school and paramedical graduates to become med. technologists

BIRTH OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES • 1954 – PUC – National Adventist University of the Philippines – Manila Sanitarium and Hospital – 4 year course leading to B. S. Medical Technology – Jesse Umali – UST, CEU, FEU followed

BIRTH OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES • 1957 – Dr. Antonio Gabriel – Dr. Gustavo Reyes – Elective course to Pharmacy graduates – June 30, 1960 (first 3 yr course) – aJune 12, 1961 (4th yr. internship program)

BIRTH OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES • 1960 – CEU – First graduates in 1962

BIRTH OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES • 1961 – FEU