Handbook of
Nephrology First Edition
Irfan K. Moinuddin, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Southern Illinois University Springfield, Illinois
David J. Leehey, MD Professor of Medicine Loyola University of Chicago Medical Center Maywood, Illinois
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PREFACE
Because of its inherent logic, focus on pathophysiology, and clinical relevance to a broad group of patients, nephrology has always appealed to some of the sharpest minds and most profound thinkers in medicine. Te teaching of this discipline has also always been challenging, and many learners find nephrology to be a difficult subspecialty of medicine. Te idea of writing the Handbook of Nephrology was not ours. Over many years, our students have told us that our teaching provided them with learning strategies and learning content not always found in current books. Tis Handbook of Nephrology is a concise introduction to the field which is primarily directed at medical students, interns, and residents. We believe primary care physicians, internists, surgeons, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, and physician assistants will also find the book useful. Te book is not primarily aimed at nephrology fellows and board-certified nephrologists; however, we believe it may also be helpful as a teaching aid to nephrology fellows and faculty. Many people assisted us in bringing this book to fruition. We would like to especially acknowledge two of them, Dr. John Daugirdas, clinical professor of medicine at University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, and Dr. odd Ing, professor emeritus of nephrology at Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois. Dr. Daugirdas assisted in developing the concept for this book, and Dr. Ing reviewed and commented on all of the content. Tis book is meant to be a pocketbook. It is not a comprehensive textbook. Certain more specialized topics, such as transplantation and renal genomics, are not covered. Rather than provide encyclopedic knowledge, we hope that this book will facilitate the understanding of concepts which will stimulate the acquisition of knowledge and the application of knowledge.
vii
Chapter 4 / Chapter Title ix
CONTENTS
Preface
1. Urinalysis
vii
1
2. Measurement of Renal Function
14
3. Proteinuria
23
4. Hematuria
29
5. Disorders of Plasma Sodium Concentration
36
6. Disorders of Potassium Homeostasis
51
7. Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis
63
8. Disorders of Calcium/Phosphorus/Magnesium Homeostasis
80
9. Acute Renal Failure
90
10. Glomerulonephritis
111
11. Nephrotic Syndrome
126
12. Chronic Kidney Disease
140
13. Diabetic Kidney Disease
151
14. Hypertension and Kidney Disease
159
15. Macrovascular Diseases of the Kidney
169 ix
x
Contents
16. Microvascular Diseases of the Kidney
179
17. Nephrolithiasis
185
18. Cystic Renal Diseases
194
19. Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis
201
20. The Kidney During Pregnancy
208
Index
209
