1)burgeon verb: grow and flourish China's housing market is burgeoning, but some predict that the growth is merely a bubble and will burst much like the U.. real estate bubble of !""#. $nemonic: if u eat burger u will grow fat . !) espouse verb: to adopt or support an idea or cause %s a college student, Charlie espoused $ar&ism, growing his beard out and railing against the evils of the freemarket. $nemonic: pick the word spouse like the wife is the spouse of her husband and is always supportive of him. () largess noun: e&treme generosity and giving Uncle rank was known for his largess, so his nephew was sad when he did not receive a present for his birthday. *) hackneyed ad+ective: lacking significance through having been overused Cheryl rolled her eyes when she heard the lecturer's hackneyed advice to be true to yourself. $nemonic: $nemoni c: concentrate concent rate on hack --- once a hacker is %/% %/%0 a hacker.. he overuses his techniues. techni ues. 2) ignoble ad+ective: dishonourable 3n the 14!"s, the /orld eries was riggedan ignoble act which baseball took decades to recover from. $nemonic: ignore noble, dishonourable . 5) incorrigible ad+ective: incapable of being corrected, not able to be corrected or changed 6om awyer seems like an incorrigible youth until 7uck inn enters the novel8 even awyer can't match his fierce individual spirit. $nemonic: in corr: can't be corrected8 9) copious ad+ective: in abundant supply 3n midsummer, there are copious popiscle stands at the beach8 in the winter, there are none. $nemonic: y copying in an e&am, some get a ;6 of marks #) tortuous ad+ective: marked by repeated turns and bends8 not straightforward ecause the logic behind $c$ahon's side of the debate was so tortuous, his audience came out either completely confused or, worse, feeling they'd been tricked. $nemonic: a tortoise does not move in straight line... it keeps twisting and turning making path complicated. <4) refute verb: prove to be false or incorrect
=o one could refute his theories or propositions, and that is why he was esteemed by all his colleagues in the philosophy department. $nemonic: refute rhymes with refuse, when you >3%??@;AB ; something, or if something is false or incorrect..you refute it or disapprove.. 1") soporific ad+ective: inducing mental lethargy8 sleep inducing, causing or tending to cause sleep %lthough the professor is brilliant, his bland m onotone gives his lectures a soporific effect. $nemonic: daily soaps are soporific that is sleep inducing 11) petulant ad+ective: easily irritated or annoyed /hen Bd first met @uth, he didn't realie she was so petulant, but now that they are three months into their relationship, Bd feels a day doesn't go by in which she isn't whining about some minor issue. $nemonic: if somebody calls calls you petuDbully), you will get annoyedannoyed1!) blatant ad+ective: without any attempt at concealment8 completely obvious %llen was often punished in school for blatantly disrespecting teachers. $nemonic: %6%=6: % % %..when someone goes on speaking hes generally being offensive...so a %6%=6 ?BBC7 1() aberrant ad+ective: markedly different from an accepted norm /hen the financial director started screaming and throwing food at his coworkers, the police had to come in to deal with his aberrant behavior. behavior. $nemonic: aberrant comes from aberration , differs from normal 1*) pedantic ad+ective: marked by a narrow focus on or display of learning especially its trivial aspects ?rofessor 6hompson was regarded as an e&pert in his field, but his lectures were utterlypedantic, focused on rigorous details of the most trivial conventions in the field. $nemonic: Can u smell the word '?%=>36'D '?%=>36'D cholar in english) from ?edanticE ?%=>36s ?%=>36s are usually very strict about the bookish stuff. 12) decorum noun: propriety in manners and conduct, correct or proper behavior that shows respect and good manners 0ou 0ou will obey the rules of decorum for this courtroom or spend the night in a +ail cell, said the +udge to the prosecutor. $nemonic: decorum decoration . 3f something is decorated everything is in order and in good manner. 15) admonitory ad+ective: serving to warn8 e&pressing reproof or reproach especially as a corrective %t the assembly, the high school viceprincipal gave the students an admonitory speech, warning them of the many risks and dangers of prom night.
=o one could refute his theories or propositions, and that is why he was esteemed by all his colleagues in the philosophy department. $nemonic: refute rhymes with refuse, when you >3%??@;AB ; something, or if something is false or incorrect..you refute it or disapprove.. 1") soporific ad+ective: inducing mental lethargy8 sleep inducing, causing or tending to cause sleep %lthough the professor is brilliant, his bland m onotone gives his lectures a soporific effect. $nemonic: daily soaps are soporific that is sleep inducing 11) petulant ad+ective: easily irritated or annoyed /hen Bd first met @uth, he didn't realie she was so petulant, but now that they are three months into their relationship, Bd feels a day doesn't go by in which she isn't whining about some minor issue. $nemonic: if somebody calls calls you petuDbully), you will get annoyedannoyed1!) blatant ad+ective: without any attempt at concealment8 completely obvious %llen was often punished in school for blatantly disrespecting teachers. $nemonic: %6%=6: % % %..when someone goes on speaking hes generally being offensive...so a %6%=6 ?BBC7 1() aberrant ad+ective: markedly different from an accepted norm /hen the financial director started screaming and throwing food at his coworkers, the police had to come in to deal with his aberrant behavior. behavior. $nemonic: aberrant comes from aberration , differs from normal 1*) pedantic ad+ective: marked by a narrow focus on or display of learning especially its trivial aspects ?rofessor 6hompson was regarded as an e&pert in his field, but his lectures were utterlypedantic, focused on rigorous details of the most trivial conventions in the field. $nemonic: Can u smell the word '?%=>36'D '?%=>36'D cholar in english) from ?edanticE ?%=>36s ?%=>36s are usually very strict about the bookish stuff. 12) decorum noun: propriety in manners and conduct, correct or proper behavior that shows respect and good manners 0ou 0ou will obey the rules of decorum for this courtroom or spend the night in a +ail cell, said the +udge to the prosecutor. $nemonic: decorum decoration . 3f something is decorated everything is in order and in good manner. 15) admonitory ad+ective: serving to warn8 e&pressing reproof or reproach especially as a corrective %t the assembly, the high school viceprincipal gave the students an admonitory speech, warning them of the many risks and dangers of prom night.
$nemonic: @emember $;=36;@ in class who used to give admonitory gesture gesture and warning other students students not to talk. 19) construe verb: interpreted in a particular way, way, to understand Dan action, event, remark, etc.) in a particular way mnemonic: comes from construct 1#) underscore verb: give e&tra weight to Da communication) /hile the hiking instructor agreed that carrying a first aid kit could be a good idea under certain circumstances, he underscored the importance of carrying enough water. $nemonic: ow score underscores the need of more effort for more score. 14) temperance noun: the practice of always controlling your actions, thoughts, or feelings so that you do not eat or drink too much, become too angry, etc. /elles wasn't known for his temperancehe usually ate enough for two and drank enough for three. $nemonic: temper control, if u can control ur temper than u can control ur self !") denigrate verb: charge falsely or with malicious intent8 attack the good name and reputation of someone Count @umford denigrated the new theory of heat, demonstrating that it was wholly inadeuate to e&plain the observations. $nemonic: focus on the 'nigrate' part of this word and relate it to 'nigger' Dwhich means people who have black skin) !1) ingratiate verb: gain favor with somebody by deliberate efforts Bven though 6om 6om didn't like his new boss, he decided to ingratiate himself to her in order to advance his career. $nemonic: ingratiate, take the word as intake of gratitude....so you do something something to gain gratitude of others !!) @econcile verb: make Done thing) compatible with Danother), to find a way of making Dtwo different ideas, facts, etc.) e&ist or be true at the same time ?eggy was unable to reconcile her kind friend Fane with the cruel and merciless character Fane played on television.
!() implacable ad+ective: incapable of making less angry or hostile /in or lose, the coach was always implacable, never giving the athletes an easy practice or a break. $nemonic: ounds like 3$?B%%B someone who cannot be pleased or appeased not pacifiable. !*) forthcoming ad+ective: available when reuired or as promised 6he ?resident announced that the senators were about to reach a compromise, and that he was eager to read the forthcoming details of the bill.
ad+ective: at ease in talking to others %s a husband, arry was not forthcoming: if Fill didn't demand to know details, arry would never share them with her. !2) indifference noun: the trait of remaining calm and seeming not to care8 a casual lack of concern 3n an effort to fight indifference, the president of the college introduced a new, stricter grading system. $nemonic: 3=Dnot)G>3B@B=CB...thing that are same and not different will cause lack of interest, concern, or sympathy because you will get bored... !5) confound verb: be confusing or perple&ing to 6hough 7arry loved numbers, he found calculus confounding. verb: mistake one thing for another %mericans often confound sweet potatoes with yams, and refer to both vegetables by the same name. $nemonic: con found: cannot be found HI pule !9) bumbling ad+ective: lacking physical movement skills, especially wit h the hands /ithin a week of starting, the bumbling new waiter was unceremoniously fired. !#) abstruse ad+ective: difficult to understand8 incomprehensible ?hysics te&tbooks can seem so abstruse to t he uninitiated that readers feel as though they are looking at hieroglyphics. $nemonic: concentrate on true and true always difficult to say !4) iconoclastic ad+ective: defying tradition or convention Fackson ?ollack was an iconoclastic artist, totally breaking with tradition by splashing paint on a blank canvas $nemonic: iconGoGclasticDclassic)..someone who breaks classical icons...Dsymbols of tradition values) (") ostentatious ad+ective: intended to attract notice and impress others8 tawdry or vulgar $att wanted to buy stone lions for front of the house, but Cynthia convinced him that such a display would be too ostentatious for a modest house i n an unassuming neighbourhood. $nemonic: o6B=6%63;U....read it as tuntatious....tunts...you perform stunts to attract attention, showy. (1) e£ verb: add details or e&planation8 clarify the meaning8 state in depth 6he CB; refused to e£ on the decision to merge our department wi th another one, and so 3 uit. $nemonic: can u please BJ?%3= what is ur e& doin with ur poundDmoney) (!) adamant ad+ective: refusing to change one's mind
Civil rights icon @osa ?arks will forever be remembered for adamantly refusing to give up her seat on a public bus even after the bus driver insisted, she remained rooted in place. (() acerbic ad+ective: harsh in tone $ost movie critics are acerbic towards summer blockbusters, often referring to them as garbage. $nemonic: ounds like %cidic. emons have a sour taste and are acidic. 6herefore, they are %CB@3C. (*) pundit noun: someone who has been admitted to membership in a scholarly field teven ?inker's credentials are unuestioned as a pundit8 he has taught at $36 and tanford, teaches at 7arvard, and has published a number of influential books on cognition, language, and psychology <(2) e&alt verb: praise or glorify 6he teenagers e&alted the rock star, covering their bedrooms with posters of him. $nemonic: %6DHaltitude) HI @%3B8 BJ%6 HI p@%3B (5) myopic ad+ective: lacking foresight or imagination 6he company ultimately went out of business because the myopic managers couldn't predict the changes in their industry. <(9) unscrupulous ad+ective: without scruples or principles 3n the courtroom, the lawyer was unscrupulous, using every manner of deceit and manipulation to secure a victory for himself. $nemonic: Un G chool i.e without school or the things taught at school Dprinciples) (#) laudable ad+ective: worthy of high praise 6o say that Kandhi's actions were laudable is the greatest understatement8 he overthrew an empire without violence. (4) eradicate verb: to completely destroy 3 tried eradicating the mosuitos in my apartment with a rolled up newspaper, but there were too many of them. *") %pocryphal ad+ective: being of uestionable authenticity, wellknown but probably not true 6he web is notorious for sandwiching apocryphal stories between actual news. *1) contingent noun: a gathering of persons representative of some larger group % small contingent of those loyal to the king have gathered around the castle to defend it. ad+ective: possible but not certain to occur
/hether the former world champions can win again this year is contingent upon none of its star players getting in+ured. $nemonic: remember continent and small continent depend on others *!) intransigent ad+ective: unwilling to change one's beliefs or course of action >espite many calls for mercy, the +udge remained i ntransigent, citing strict legal precedence. $nemonic: imagine you are going on a trip. the 6@%=?;@6 %KB=6 is very strict in payment of money. so 3=6@%=3KB=6H transport G agent H very stubborn <*() e&onerate verb: pronounce not guilty of criminal charges 6he document clearly indicated that =ick was out of the state at the time of the crime, and so served to e&onerate him of any charges. $nemonic: e& means previous G onerDhonor) so getting back ur e& honor means free from blame **) largess noun: e&treme generosity and giving Uncle rank was known for his largess, so his nephew was sad when he did not receive a present for his birthday. *2) provincial ad+ective: characteristic of a limited perspective8 not fashionable or sophisticated $aggie's enthusiasm about her high school teams seemed provincial to her college classmates, all of whom were following a nationally ranked college team. *5) implausible ad+ective: describing a statement that is not believable 6he teacher found it implausible that the student was late to school because he had been kidnapped by outlaws on horseback. $nemonic: sound like impossible .
>idarul %lam Kraduate tudent of University of Central lorida
*1) austere adjective: practicing self-denial His lifestyle of revelry and luxurious excess could hardly be called austere.
adjective: unadorned in style or appearance Late Soviet architecture, although remaining largely austere, moved into experimental territory that employed previously unused shapes and structures.
adjective: harsh in manner of temperament The principal of my elementary school was a cold, austere woman; I could never understand why she chose to wor with children.
*2) irrevocable adjective: incapable of being retracted or revoked(to make (something) not valid), not capable of being changed. !nce you enter your plea to the court, it is irrevocable so thin carefully about what you will say.
3) circumscribe verb: restrict or confine Their tour of South "merica was circumscribed so that they saw only popular destinations and avoided the dangerous parts of cities.
Mnemonic: circumscribe -> circle + scribe 4) constituent noun: a citizen who is represented in a government by officials for whom he or she votes The mayor#s constituents are no longer happy with her performance and plan to vote for another candidate in the upcoming election.
noun: an abstract part of something The constituents of the metal alloy are nicel, copper, and tin.
*5) sco!hant noun: a person who tries to please someone in order to gain a personal advantage, "a#ner The $%! was unaware of the damaging conse&uences of his choices, largely because he surrounded himself with sycophants who would never dare critici'e him.
$) subversive adjective: in opposition to an establish system or institution. The ruling political party has begun a campaign to shut down subversive websites that it deems as a threat to (national safety.(
Mnemonic : subversive--->reversive--->go against established rule %) taciturn adjective: habitually reserved and uncommunicative
)hile the $%! enthusiastically shares his plans and agenda with all who will listen, the $*! is far more taciturn, rarely revealing his perspective.
Mnemonic: Taxiturn Taxi !river will be reserved or uncommunicative while "!riving". &) mriad noun: a large indefinite number There are a myriad of internet sites hawing pills that claim to boost energy for hours on end. Mnemonic : my+riyadh#capital of saudi arabia$...large number of people visit %iyadh ') vacillate verb: be undecided about something& waver between conflicting positions or courses of action 'ome students vacillate between schools when deciding which to attend, while others focus only on one school.
Mnemonic: sounds li(e )'cillate..so something which moves from one position to another position. *1) reverent adjective: feeling or showing profound respect or veneration The professor could spea( ob*ectively about the other composers, but he always lectured about rahms with a particularly reverent air, unable to offer a single criticism of his compositions.
*11) admonish verb: to warn strongly, even to the point of reprimanding +efore the concert began, security personel admonished the crowd not to come up on stage during the performance.
12) ntithetical adjective: sharply contrasted in character or purpose, directly opposite or opposed is deep emotional involvement with these ideas is, in fact, antithetical to the disattachment uddhism preaches.
Mnemonic: anti-against and thetical-theory for purpose 13) ravenous adjective: extremely hungry& devouring or craving food in great uantities ohn didn/t eat much at all during the wee( he had the flu, so now that he is regaining his health, it/s not surprising that he has a ravenous appetite.
Mnemonic: sounds li(e %0102.. we can understand how hungry one would get to feed his 34 heads. 14) dilettante noun: an amateur who engages in an activity without serious intentions and who pretends to have (nowledge 5red has no formal medical training& while he li(es to claim authority on medical issues, he is little more than a dilettante.
Mnemonic: dil, who follow dil he is a amateur . *15) re!udiate verb: re*ect as untrue or unfounded
6any in the public believed the rumors of a 75) crash outside town, so the chief of police did everything he could to re!udiate the rumors.
mnemonic : %897!0T8...refused that ate the pudding..or repudiated the date proposal of a reputed girl 1$) !oignant adjective: emotionally touching 0fter the 6ontagues and ;apulets discover the dead bodies of %omeo and uliet, in the play/s most !oignant moment, the two griefstric(en familes agree to end their feud once and for all.
Mnemonic: sounds li(e "pregnant" pregnancy is emotionally touching .
1%) !edestrian adjective: lac(ing imagination
1&) audacit noun: aggressive boldness in social situations 'he surprised her colleagues by having the audacit to publically criticize the findings of an distinguished scientist.
*1') !ro!itious adjective: presenting favorable circumstances& li(ely to result in or show signs of success The child/s heartbeat is still wea(, but am seeing many !ro!itious signs and thin( that she may be healing.
Mnemonic: 9%)9T....sounds li(e property-if you have got lot of property, you are 5)%T720T8 to get it 2) muni"icent adjective: very generous 7ncle ;harley was (nown for his muni"icence, giving all seven of his nephews lavish ;hristmas presents each year.
Mnemonic: %emember indi 'ong "munni badnam hui.." she is badnam because she is very generous in exposing=giving. 21) rescind verb: cancel officially The man/s driver/s license was rescinded after his tenth car accident, which meant he would never be allowed to legally drive again.
Mnemonic : rescind reminds us of "resign", where resign is t o cancel your appointment and rescind is to cancel an agreement. 22) !rodigious adjective: so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe, amazing or wonderful : very impressive, very big.
0fter the relatively small homerun totals in the "dead ball" era, abe %uth/s homerun totals were truly !rodigious: every year, he set a new all-time record.
Mnemonic : prodigy is very talent person, so prodigious means talented person who is %80T 2 '?8 23) tractable adjective: readily reacting to suggestions and influences& easily m anaged #controlled or taught or molded$ ;ompared to middle school students, who have an untamed wildness about them, high school students are somewhat more tractable.
Mnemonic: Tractable sounds li(e tractor ,which ma(es it easy to m anage a field 24) "oment verb: try to stir up public opinion, to cause or try to cause the growth or development of #something bad or harmful$ 0fter having his pay cut, 9hil spread vicious rumors about his boss, hoping to "oment a general feeling of discontent.
Mnemonic: f@omentA B> moment. n dynamic (inetics, moment incite wheel to rotate. 25) arcane adjective: reuiring secret or mysterious (nowledge, (nown or understood by only a few people 6ost college fraternities are (nown for arcane rituals that those hoping to the *oin the fraterntiy must learn Mnemonic : 0r + Cane - Cane/s face always remains secret, as he uses a mas(. 2$) inscrutable adjective: not easily understood& unfathomable is speech was so dense and confusing that many in the audience found it inscrutable.
Mnemonic : in@notA+screw+table...a table which cannot be screwd is i mpenetrable and we dont readily understand why cant we screw it which is mysterious 2%) inveterate adjective: habitual e is an inveterate smo(er and has told his family and friends that there is no way he will ever uit.
Mnemonic: n this word. we have a root ie.. veter--that have lasted a long time and seem li(ely to continue 2&) insolent adjective: rude and arrogant Dilian could not help herself from being insolent, commenting that the Eueen/s shoes were showing too much toe.
Mnemonic: sounds li(e insult-ent B> 0 person who insults evryone is rude 2') garrulous adjective: full of trivial conversation, tending to tal( a lot : very tal(ative Dynne was garrulous: once, she had a fifteen minute conversation with a stranger before she realized the woman didn/t spea( 8nglish.
Mnemonic: #garrulous can be related to girls when pronounced$and girls tal( more than boys
*3) tem!ered adjective: moderated in effect, brought to the desired hardness or strength by heating and cooling The wide-eyed optimism of her youth was now tempered after she had wor(ed many years in the criminal *ustice system.
31) ha!ha+ard adjective: mar(ed by great carelessness& having no plan, order, or direction 6any golf courses are designed with great care, but the greens on the county golf course seem entirely ha!ha+ard.
Mnemonic: 09 + 0?0%! where 0?0%! means epidemic spread due to great carelessness 32) hegemon noun: dominance over a certain area 7ntil the 'panish 0rmada was defeated in 3FGH, 'pain had hegemon over the seas, controlling waters stretching as far as the 0mericas. Mnemonic: can b ta(en as "huge money".if someone has huge money they ll naturally dominate others. 33) resurgent adjective: rising again as to new life and vigor The team san( to fourth place in une, but is now resurgent and about to win the division. Mnemonic: after surgery he bac( to life . 34) lioni+e verb: assign great social importance to 'tudents in the 7.'. learn to lionize efferson, 5ran(lin, and
Mnemonic: remember !reci!itate - bring about abrupt. 3$) accolade noun: an award or praise granted as a special honor ean 9aul-'artre was not a fan of accolades, and as such, he refused to accept the 2obel 9rize for Diterature in 3JKI.
Mnemonic: it sounds li(e chocolate.. parents accolade if (ids do home wor( properly 3%) inimical adjective: hostile #usually describes conditions or environments$ 1enus, with a surface temperature t hat would turn rubber to liuid, is inimical to any form of life.
Mnemonic : inimiBenemy, and enemies cause damage. 'o inimical means something damaging. 3&) trite
adjective: repeated too often& overfamiliar through overuse 6any style guides recommend not using idioms in writing because these trite expressions are uninteresting and show a lac( of imagination on the part of the writer.
Mnemonic: trite sounds li(e tried...when smthng is tried again n again it bcomes hac(neyed 3') scru!ulous adjective: characterized by extreme care and great effort +ecause of his scrupulous nature, ary put him in charge of numbering and cataloging the entire collection of rare stamps.
adjective: having a sense of right and wrong& principled 8veryone trusted what he said and followed his example because he was scru!ulous and honest
Mnemonic: it ma(es u thin( of sculpture and while building sculpture the wor(er has to be very careful
*4) intre!id adjective: fearless ;aptain 0hab was an intre!id captain whose rec(less and fearless style ultimately lead to his downfall.
Mnemonic: 2 T%09... you are fearless and confident that you will come out of it. 41) ostraci+e verb: exclude from a community or group Dater in his life, Deo Tolstoy was ostraci+ed from the %ussian )rthodox ;hurch for his writings that contradicted church doctrine.
Mnemonic : e was ostracize because he was )'T%ich s?ed 42) !roli"ic adjective: intellectually productive 'chubert was the most !roli"ic composer, producing hundreds of hours of music before he died at the age of L3.
Mnemonic: 9%)D5; is 9%)5Tic. #profitable, because of high yield$ **43) obseuious adjective: attentive in an ingratiating or servile manner& attempting to wi n favor from influential people by flattery, fawn The obseuious waiter did not give the couple a moment/s peace all through the meal, constantly returning to their table to refill their water glasses and to tell them what a handsome pair they made.
Mnemonic : Thin( "see(" because when you see( something you show attentiveness to find it. 44) gauche adjective: lac(ing social polish
'ylvester says the most gauche things, such as telling a girl he li(ed that she was much prettier when she wore ma(eup.
Mnemonic : it is pronounced /gosh/ ) my oshMM- she reacted to his gauche behaviour. 45) bra+en adjective: unrestrained by convention or propriety, acting or done in a very open and shoc(ing way without shame or embarrassment Their large "donations" to the local police department gave the drug cartel the bra+en confidence to do their business out in the open.
Mnemonic: 'plit the word brazen as ra + ?en. 'uppose you went out with your friends and saw a girl in a ?en car wearing only a bra. ow was the attempt of the girlN %eally bold and brazenM 4$) !ernicious adjective: exceedingly harmful& wor(ing or spreading in a hidden and in*urious way The most successful viruses are !ernicious: an infected person may feel perfectly healthy for several months while incubating and spreading the virus.
Mnemonic: word can be divided li(e per+nicious..nicious when pronounced sounds li(e noxious...so noxious.. ..so something harmful..... 4%) s!oradic adjective: recurring in scattered and irregular or unpredictable instances The signals were at first sporadic, but now we detect a clear, consistent pattern of electromagnetic radiation eminating from deep space.
Mnemonic: %emember 'pores in flower.They are ocasionaly transferred by wind from one flower to another
!idarul 0lam raduate 'tudent of 7niversity of ;entral 5lorida
1) truncate verb: reduce the length of something The soccer game was truncated when the monsoon rain began to fall.
Mnemonic: cate sound like kete , so kele(cut) means reduce the length
2) pejorative adjective: expressing disapproval , Most psychologists object to the pejorative term "shrink", believing that they expand the human mind, not limit it.
Mnemonic: the 1st 3 word sound like pig, i don’t like pig, so disapproval
3) arduous adjective: demanding considerable mental effort and skill; testing powers of endurance In order to deal with the arduous crosscountry journey, truck drivers often survive on a string of caffeinated drinks, staying awake for up to ! hours at a time.
Mnemonic: (h)ard + u (ou) + ous (we); !his work is ver difficult and re"uired full of hard work from us and our side#
4) askance adverb: with a look of suspicion or disapproval !he old couple looked askance on the teenagers seated ne xt to them, whispering to ea ch other, $!he%ve got rings through their noses and pu rple hair&$
Mnemonic: askance## reminds u of the word '*##so when u want to glance at someone , u look -./0- or give a .*/.2! 4##
**5) sullen adjective: showing a brooding ill humor, bleak, cloudy , forlorn, saturnine, loomy , !retc" # #erbert took board games too seriously, often appearing sullen after losing. 5nemonic6 &&&
#) elicit verb: call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses) $ust smilingeven if you are depressedcan elicit feelings of pleasure and happiness.
Mnemonic: elicit sound like explicit, means showing emotion
$) nonplussed adjective: unsure how to act or respond, filled with bewilderment %hirley was totally nonplussed when the angry motorist cut her o ff and then stuck his finger ou t the window.
Mnemonic 6 plussed########pu77led#, non plus, is it negative or positive8 . am confused&
%) edifyin adjective: enlightening or uplifting so as t o encourage intellectual or moral improvement, I recently read an article in the Times about whether good literature is edifying or not& specifically, does reading more make a person more moral. Mnemonic 6 dison invented the light bulb which gives light#so edifing is something which $enlightens$
&) dilatory
adjective: wasting time 'awyers use dilatory tactics so that it take s years before the case is actually decided. 5nemonic6 sound like dhila(slow) , so dhila people wastng time
1') specious adjective: based on pretense; deceptivel pleasing (lmost every image on T) is specious and not to be trusted.
adjective: plausible but false #e made a career out of specious arguments and fictional lab results, but lost his job and reputation when his lies were exposed by an article in The *ew +ork Times. 5nemonic6 sound like suspicious
11) efficacious adjective: producing the intended result %ince Maggies cough syrup, which had expired five years back, was no longer efficacious, she coughed through the night. 5nemonic6 sound like efficient
12) jovial adjective: full of or showing high9spirited merriment The presidential candidate and her supporters were jovial once it was clear that she had won. 5nemonic6 !hink####:and singer :* <. is a che erful person
*13) disseminate verb: cause to become widel known -efore the effects of anesthesia were disseminated , patients had to experience the full pain of a surgery. 5nemonic6 dis + seminate seminate could be taken as seminar, so for a seminar people gather at a place# =ence disseminar could be understood as the scattering of people#
14) erudite adjective: having or showing profound knowledge -efore the Internet, the library was typically where you would find erudite readers. 5nemonic6 ex rude so we need knowledge
**15) rebuke verb: critici7e severel or angril( censure, reproac" , reprimand The police chief rebuked the two officers whose irresponsible decisions almost led to the deaths of seven innocent bystanders. 5nemonic6 return m book he told me angril
1#) indecorous adjective: not in keeping with accepted standards of what is right or proper in polite societ ating with elbows on the table is considered indecorous in refined circles.
1$) furtive adjective: marked b "uiet and caution and secrec; taking pains to avoid being observed /hile at work, 0eorge and his boss 1egina felt the need to be as furtive as possible abou t their romantic relationship. 5nemonic6 if u need to fart than u need to do it "uietl and secrec
*1%) esoteric adjective: confined to and understandable b onl an enlightened inner circle, arcane, recondite, abstruse Map collecting is an esoteric hobby to most, but to geography geeks it is a highly enjoyable pasttime. 5nemonic6 sort of trick 9 -o understood b onl few people
1&) impartial adjective: free from undue bias or preconceived opinions The judge was not impartial since he had been bribed by the witnesss family. 5nemonic6 not partial
2') inominious adjective: (used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame %ince the politician preached ethics and morality, his texting of revealing photographs was ignominious, bringing shame on both himself and his party. 5nemonic6 .gnominious comes from the word .'* ble which means lacking nobilit and hence bringing shame and dishonour#
21) misconstrue verb: interpret in the wrong wa, The politician never trusted journalists because he thought that they would misconstruehis words and m isrepresent his positions. 5nemonic6 5isconstrue > 5is + ons + !rue# -omeone is %5issing% the %!rue% fact#
22) flu noun: a state of uncertaint about what should be done (usuall following some important event) ver since lvira resigned as the head of marketing, everything about our sales strategy has been in a state of flux. 5nemonic6 flux means flow, something that flows, undergoes through change# nd after changing we don’t know what will happen so uncertaint
**23) antipat"y noun: an intense feeling of dislike or aversion, enmity, jaundice, rude , bitterness , all Maria had an antipathy for tour groups, often bolting to the other side of the museum as soon as she saw a chaperone leading a group of wide eyed tourists. 5nemonic6 remember antipath as anti part# in politics the people of anti9part are "uite opposite in feeling
24) bolster verb: support and strengthen The case for the suspects innocence was bolstered considerably by the fact that neither fingerprints nor 2*( were found at the scene.
Mnemonic 6 read bolster as booster which mean giving extra energ and hence to support and strengthen someone or something#
25) mendacity noun: the tendenc to be untruthful I can forgive her for her mendacity but only because she is a child and is seeing what she can get away with.
Mnemonic 6 men has the tendenc to be untruthful
**2#) dispassionate adjective: unaffected b strong emotion or pre?udice, candid, impartial, indifferent, even"anded ( good scientist should be dispassionate, focusing purely on what the evidence says, without personal attachment. 5nemonic6 dis9passionate, without an passion usuall people without passions are calm
2$) deleterious adjective: harmful to living things The -3 oil spill in the 0ulf of Mexico was deleterious to the fishing industry in the southern states. 5nemonic6 an be related to delete###=armful substances must be deleted to prevent danger#
2%) craven adjective: patheticall cowardl Though the man could have at least alerted the police, he crouched cravenly in the corner as the old woman was mugged. 5nemonic6 cave people are usuall cowards#
*2&) imprudent adjective: not wise #itler, like *apoleon, made the imprudent move of invading 1ussia in winter, suffering even more casualties than *apoleon had.
Mnemonic 6 focus on prudent which sounds like president, president naturall ver wise so imprudent means not wise#
3') maverick noun: someone who exhibits great independence in thought and action 4fficer 5elly was a maverick, rarely following police protocols or adopting the conventions for speech common among his fellow officers. 5nemonic6 &&&&
31) anomaly noun: something that is not normal, standard, or expected (fter finding an anomaly in the data, she knew that she would have to conduct her experiment again. 5nemonic6 nomal sounds like abnormall## that is one who deviates from the normal order#
32) "arried adjective: troubled persistentl especiall with pett annoances, bothered b man problems or worries 6 ver worried or anxious /ith a team of new hires to train, Martha was constantly harried with little 6uestions and could not focus on her projects. 5nemonic6 remember harr potter who bother b voldemort #
*33) nuance
noun: a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude -ecause of the nuances involved in this case, I hired an outside consultant to advice us and help.
Mnemonic 6 nuance > new + ounce## and ounce is a ver small unit for weight## hence a ver small difference##
34) strinent adjective: demanding strict attention to rules and procedures Most of the students disliked the teacher because of his stringent homework policy, but many students would later thank him for demanding so much from them.
Mnemonic 6 stringent9stringent seems itself like the strict
*35) mundane adjective: repetitive and boring; not spiritual, prosaic *ancy found doing dishes a thorougly mundane task, although 3eter found a kind of 7en pleasure in the chore..
Mnemonic: 5undane sounds like 5onda# fter an exciting weekend, 5onda is ?ust another mundane da#
3#) fastidious adjective: overl concerned with details; fuss /hitney is fastidious about her shoes, arranging the m on a shelf in a specific order, each pair evenly spaced.
3$) posit verb: assume as fact Initially, instein posited a repulsive force to balance 0ravity, but then rejected that idea as a blunder.
Mnemonic 6 @osit is short of positive, so we a ssume (posit) that something is true without being completel positive
3%) transient adjective: lasting a ver short time The unpredictable and transient nature of deja vu makes it a very difficult phenomenon to study properly.
Mnemonic: remember transient light and transient current#### tha t we studied in phsics#####which produc e an effect for a ver short time
3&) timorous adjective: timid b nature or revealing fear and nervousness %ince this was her first time debating o n stage and before an audience, 2is voice was timorous and 6uiet for the first 8 minutes. 5nemonic6 2emember timid
4')placate +erb: gain the good will of, to cause (someone) to feel less angr about something I was able to placate the angry mob of students by promising to bring cookies on Monday.
Mnemonic: placate99pla(plaing)+cate(cards)>>>plaing cards pacif%s anone
*41) opulence noun: wealth as evidenced b sumptuous living, luxur
1ussian oligarchs are famous for their opulence, living in fancy homes and dining on expensive ca vier.
Mnemonic: from opulance remember lancer car#onl rich and luxir people can purchase lancer#
*42) polemic noun: a strong verbal or written attack on someone or something# !he professor launched into a polemic, claiming that Areudian theor was a pack of lies that absolutel destroed uropean literar theor#
Mnemonic: pole(poll)+mic##so during polls politicians often attack others opinions#
43) duress noun: compulsor force or threat, force or threats meant to make someone do something !he witness said he signed the contract under duress and argued that the court should cancel the agreement#
Mnemonic: u + dress; that is u enforce ou r wife to put on a pa rticular dress#
*44) contrition noun: the feeling of remorse or g uilt that comes from doing something bad !hose who show contrition during their prison terms99especiall when under rev iew b a parole board99often get shortened sentences# 5nemonic6 cant treat so he feels guilt
*45) reproac" verb: to express criticism towards (t first, %arah was going to yell at the boy, but she didnt want to reproach him for telling the truth about the situation.
4#) capricious djective: changing often and "uickl; especially 6 often changing suddenl in mood or behaviour, not logical or reasonable 6 based on an idea, desire, etc#, that is not possible to predict, fickle, volatile *early every month our capricious 94 had a new plan to turn the company around, and none of them worked because we never gave them the time they needed to succeed. 5nemonic6 ca(2) + @2.(@2.)###@2. A cars nowadas is becoming unpredictable
4$) maladroit adjective: clums, ver awkward 6 not skillful or adroit (s a child she was 6uite maladroit , but as an adult, she has become an adept dancer.
Mnemonic 6 maladroit>> mal (bad) + adroit(skillful) therefore maladroit means person having no skill, he musta be clums#
4%) appease verb: pacif b acceding to the demands of, to make (someone) pleased or less angr b giving or saing something desired, placate, mollify *eville 9hamberlain, the -ritish prime minister during //II, tried to appease #itler and in doing so sent a clear message: you can walk all over us.
Mnemonic 6 app bring peace in life
/idarul lam 'raduate -tudent of Bniversit of entral Alorida
Word irascible
Meaning quickly aroused to anger
Mnemonic rascible sounds like "racist able". so, making racist remark can easily anger anyone.
incumbent
necessary (for someone) as a duty or responsibility
NCUM !N# $ %&&'C'* are !N# on(determined) to bring an 'NCUM +ome, as it is NC**- to surie
analogous
similar in some respects but ot+er/ise different
presumptuous
e0cessiely for/ard
1reassuming somet+ing means you are oerly for/ard and arrogant..in t+inking t+is /ay
deride
treat or speak of /it+ contempt
de 2ride 22 riding a +orse upside do/n.. ppl /ill make fun of you ( ridicule)
coalesce
mi0 toget+er different elements
coal2 combination of /ood and c+arcoal.
buttress
make stronger or defensible
delegate
a person appointed or elected to represent ot+ers
ascribe
attribute or credit to
ascribe 3 sounds like prescribe, so ascribe is refer
docile
asily +andled or managed4 /illing to be taug+t or led or superised or directed
making of dosa is easy to control and many people are interested in learning to make dosa
aert
turn a/ay, /ard off or preent
sounds like 5'6#.
let+argic
lacking energy
*ounds like alergic. W+en you +ae lack of interest in doing somet+ing i.e. alergy
belittle
lessen t+e importance, dignity, or reputation of
preempt
take t+e place of or +ae precedence oer
1M1#- $ force to empty a place in
order to occupy a prior rig+t to buy. tribulation
somet+ing, especially an eent, t+at causes difficulty
#ribulation3#ribal
and suffering clemency
leniency and compassion s+o/n to/ard offenders by a clememercy gie me some mercy person or agency c+arged /it+ administering 7ustice
implicate
coney a meaning4 imply, to indicate in /rongdoing, usually a crime
melanc+oly
a deep, long2lasting sadness
+umdrum
dull and lacking e0citement
one moie named 8UM5UM (a bolly/oodmoie) /as released /+ic+ /as dull 9 boring..
eccentric
+ig+ly unconentional or unusual (usually describes a person)
ec(0)2centric(normal): going a/ay from t+e center t+at is departing from t+e norms
antedate
precede in time
incense
make furious
impli(implying)cat(pussy cat).'n indiam religion cat means somet+ing bad.
read it as insense,meaning lacking sense.....suc+ ppl make us e0tremely angry
fa/n
try to gain faor by e0treme flattery
a &N tries to gain faor by flattery
een+anded
/it+out partiality
/anton
/it+out c+eck or limitation4 s+o/ing no moral restraints to one;s anger, desire, or appetites
finagle
ac+iee somet+ing by means of trickery or deious met+ods
rile
cause annoyance in4 disturb, especially by minor irritations
ail2< bd rail /ill irritate you
consecrate
to make +oly or set apart for a +ig+ purpose
Consecrate $ Con *ecrate (sounds like *C5).*C5 is "+oly".
co+esie
/ell integrated, forming a united /+ole
besmirc+
damage t+e good name and reputation of someone
!es+u mirc+i dice, damaging t+e reputation of t+e restaurant
uncanny
suggesting t+e operation of supernatural influences4
un cann(CN;#).....somet+ing /+ic+ you
surpassing t+e ordinary or normal
CN;# understand and e0plain, is al/ays mysterious to you.
begrudge
/is+ ill or allo/ un/illingly, to eny someone for possessing or en7oying somet+ing
begrudge. /+en u +ae grudge on somebody u al/ays /is+ ill for +im
intermittent
stopping and starting at irregular interals
'ntermission are irregular
cerebral
inoling intelligence rat+er t+an emotions or instinct
glean
collect information bit by bit
't sounds like clean. -ou clean by gat+ering t+e leaings bit by bit
profusion
t+e property of being e0tremely abundant
'n fusion reaction energy is abundant
precarious
not securely +eld or in position4 dangerously likely to fall or collapse.
1C'%U* 2< We +ae to take C /+ile doing somet+ing risky so t+at it does not go /rong
caalier
s+o/ing a lack of proper concern4 off+and, gien to
C6' sounds like caalry, /+ic+ is t+e
+aug+ty disregard of ot+ers
part of t+e army /+ic+ sere on t+e +orse back and t+ey are definitely more arrogant t+an t+e soldier on feet
emulate
strie to equal or matc+, especially by imitating4 compete /it+ successfully
We do simulate to compete /it+ practical p+ysicist
conundrum
a difficult problem
Cant drum2< a difficult problem
piquant
attracting or delig+ting
1'=UN# =uant in > is more attracting and delig+ting t+an 6erbal
fool+ardy
recklessly bold or ras+.
industrious
c+aracteri?ed by +ard /ork and perseerance
rakis+
+aing or displaying a das+ing, 7aunty, or slig+tly disreputable quality or appearance.
fort+rig+t
c+aracteri?ed by directness in manner or speec+4 /it+out subtlety or easion
preail
be /idespread in a particular area at a particular time4
fort+rig+t$fort+erig+t(rite) $ for your rites you need to be straig+tfor/ard
be current: eneer
coering consisting of a t+in superficial layer t+at +ides t+e underlying substance
*ounds like paneer
redress
an act of making somet+ing rig+t
insipid
dull and uninteresting
*ounds like stupid
be+ooe
be appropriate or necessary
be+ooe sounds like !86...be+ae in a appropriate /ay and talk only necessary t+ings.
5idarul lam >raduate *tudent of Uniersity of Central &lorida
Word
Meaning
malodorous
having an unpleasant smell
chivalrous
being attentive to women like an ideal knight
Mnemonic
chivalrous is pronounced as SHIVA+LR!S
besiege
harass" as with #uestions or re#uests$ cause to %eel distressed or worried
di%%erentiate
be a distinctive %eature" attribute" or trait &sometimes in positive sense'" evolve so as to lead to a new species or develop in a wa( most suited to the environment
convivial
occupied with or %ond o% the pleasures o% good compan(
discreet
care%ul to protect one*s speech or actions in order to avoid o%%ense discreet, diS-.R-/) 01ou or draw attention must be discreet about our S-.R-/
enumerate
determine the number or amount o%" speci%( individuall(" one b( one
sordid
unethical or dishonest" morall( degraded
dispatch
the propert( o% being prompt and e%%icient" dispose o% rapidl( and without dela( and e%%icientl(
cumbersome
di%%icult to handle or use especiall( because o% si4e or weight
&.omebearsome' come bear some heav( things that are hard to manage
relegate
assign to a lower position
relegate))split it like rele&relatives +gate' (our
somewhat close to carnival which also implies %estivit()
SR2I2'SRr( I 2I2 this 3IL/H1" VIL- thing)
relatives are cr(ing at /H5A/- because (ou are not allowing them to enter (our house" inarticulate
without or deprived o% the use o% speech or words
miscreant
a person who breaks the law
constraint
something that limits or restricts
MIS.R-A6/7mis+create o% societ(" /he VILLAI6S
creditable
deserving o% praise but not that ama4ing
aphorism
a short instructive sa(ing about a general truth
aphorism, a + phrase))
st(mie
hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment o%
St(mie means 0tie me0) i)e)" prevent %rom moving %orward)
%utile
producing no result or e%%ect$ unproductive o% success
evasive
deliberatel( vague or ambiguous
obliging
showing a cheer%ul willingness to do %avors %or others
debunk
e8pose while ridiculing$ especiall( o% pretentious or %alse claims and ideas
2-+9!6:))so when (ou bunked (our college" and got caught b( (our teacher))) (our teacher e8aggerated this %act and ridiculed (ou in %ront o% the class)
inkling
a slight suggestion or vague understanding
hamper
prevent the progress or %ree movement o%
#ualm
neasiness about the %itness o% an action
opposite o% .alm
dilapidated
in terrible condition
dhila
snub
re%use to acknowledge$ re;ect outright and bluntl(
In a
e8cruciating
e8tremel( pain%ul
per#uisite
a right reserved e8clusivel( b( a particular person or group &especiall( a hereditar( or o%%icial right'
cosmopolitan
comprising man( cultures$ global in reach and outlook
anti#uated
old%ashioned$ belonging to an earlier period in time
deliberate
think about care%ull($ weigh the pros and cons o% an issue
dail( + berate 7, i% (ou get berated&scolded' dail(" (ou need to think it over as to wh( it happens
berate
scold or critici4e &someone' angril()
his %riends berated&critici4ed' him %or showing them brated movie
colossal
so great in si4e or %orce or e8tent as to elicit awe
balk
re%use to compl(
complementar(
enhancing each other*s #ualities &%or two things or more')
van#uish
come out better in a competition" race" or con%lict
morph
/o undergo dramatic change in a seamless and barel( noticeable %ashion)
champion
to %ight %or a cause
staid
characteri4ed b( dignit( and propriet(
sound close to bulk)))when u see a bulk( thing on ur wa( u re%use to go ahead
I% (ou want to de%eat (our enem( in race or e8am .R!SH him with (our VA6
Staidsounds like 0S/A1-20 Imagine (ou have alwa(s maintained (our dignit( and propriet( in the place where (ou have sta(ed %or so man( (ears
laborious
characteri4ed b( e%%ort to the point o% e8haustion$ especiall( ph(sical e%%or
vie
compete %or something$ engage in a contest$ measure onesel% against others
it sounds as 0wh(0 as competitors think 0wh( would someone else win the game0
resignation
the acceptance o% something unpleasant that can*t be avoided
carping
persistentl( pett( and un;usti%ied criticism
I% (ou will ping with (our car horn" people will shout at (ou)))the( will complain)
9oorish
illmannered and coarse or contemptible in behavior or appearance
ever( one sounds 9 towards R!2- and I6S-6SI/IVpersons
misog(nist
a person who dislikes women in particular
mis7to hate" and g(ne7%emale as in g(neocologist
parado8ical
seemingl( contradictor( but nonetheless possibl( true
decimation
destro(ing or killing a large part o% the population
ampl(
more than is ade#uate
provisional
under terms not %inal or %ull( worked out or agreed upon
ab(smal
e8tremel( bad
compound
make more intense" stronger" or more marked
2idarul Alam 5raduate Student o% !niversit( o% .entral 3lorida
3rom ample
1) solicitude noun: a feeling of excessive concern, worry I walked to his house in the rain to make sure he had enough to eat while he was sick, but he seemed not to appreciate my solicitude. Mnemonic: sorir valo means showing concern ) embryonic ad!ective: in an early stage of development "he #oard of $irectors is hoping to launch a new product soon, but planning for the %& is in an embryonic stage. Mnemonic: embryo'nic.. an (M#*+ is a cell which is -$(/+0($ of human, hen etc ), so the underdeveloped stage is called embryonic. 2) truculence noun: defiant aggressiveness 3hen the boss confronted 4aron about his earlier remarks, 4aron responded with uttertruculence, simply throwing a glass of water in the boss5 face and walking away. Mnemonic: truck means aggressiveness 67) rapprochement noun: the re establishing of cordial relations 4lthough 4nn hoped that her mother and her aunt would have a rapprochement, each one5s bitter accusations against the other made any reconciliation unlikely. Mnemonic: read it as re'approachment. 8re8 means again.9ighting ppl approach again to reconcile ;) inanity noun: total lack of meaning or ideas #ill5s poem was nothing more than a list of impressive sounding words, so there was no point in trying to take meaning from the inanity. Mnemonic: Inanity Inanight < 3ork done in !ust a night is usually lacking so it5s a bad idea. =) percipient ad!ective: highly perceptive (ven the most percipient editor will make an occasional error when proofreading. Mnemonic: perci mean a person who understand so he is highly percipient 66&) atavism noun: a reappearance of an earlier characteristic> throwback Much of the modern art movement was an atavism to a style of art found only in small villages through 4frica and ?outh 4merica. Mnemonic: by 4"4I?M you should remember 44"4, i.e. you are an avatarincarnation) of one of your ancestors... @) meteoric ad!ective: like a meteor in speed or brilliance or transience
"he early spectacular successes propelled the pitcher to meteoric stardom, but a terribly in!ury tragically cut short his career. A) languish verb: become feeblevery weak) ?tranded in the wilderness for four days, the hiker languished, eating protein bars and nuts. Mnemonic: sounds like (B"I-CI?Dwen a person losing strength aur virality or become exhausted then we say that he is extinghuishing 61E) anachronism noun: something that is inappropriate for the given time period usually something old). $ressed in 1;th century clothing each day, (dward was a walking anachronism. Mnemonic: 4nachronism < 4na ' chron chronology) ' ism < 4 person or thing who is out of chornological order .i.e. 0erson belongs to earlier time. 611) appurtenant ad!ective: supply added support In hiking Mt. (verest, sherpas are appurtenant, helping climbers both carry gear and navigate treacherous paths. Mnemonic: appurtenant sound like apartment , apartment added supply support 1) ersatF ad!ective: not real or genuine> phony "he car dealer5s ersatF laughter was immediately followed by a price Guote, one that ?helley found highly inflated. Mnemonic: an engineer () giving the ?4" paper,, which will be fakeHsubstitute, since ?4" is given by 1th pass, not graduates engineer) 12) brook verb: put up with something or somebody unpleasant, 3hile she was at the chalkboard, the teacher did not brook any form of talkingeven a tiny peep resulted in afternoon detention. Mnemonic: brook looks like break up, when u break up with someone, it makes her unpleasant . 617) sGuelch verb: suppress or crush completely 4fter the dictator consolidated his power, he took steps to sGuelch all criticism, often arresting any !ournalist who said anything that could be interpreted as negative about his regime. Mnemonic: ery close to 5?GueeFe5 in both spelling and meaning. 1;) exemplar noun: something to be imitated /ena5s homework is on the wall because it is an exemplar of clean, neat, and thoughtful work. Mnemonic: it sonds like an example...model 1=) deign verb: do something that one considers to be below one5s dignity
"he master of the house never deigned to answer Guestions from the servants. Mnemonic: deign sounds like dean. $eans are people with very high posts in the organiFation and they can5t condescend themselves as it5s below their dignity. 1&) philistine ad!ective: smug and ignorant towards artistic and cultural values ane considered 4l completely philistine, because he talked almost exclusive about video games> she was entirely unaware of how well read he really was. 1@) inchoate ad!ective: only partly in existence> imperfectly formed Inchoate ideas about the relation of humans to other animals had been discussed since the Middle 4ges but the modern theory really began with $arwin Mnemonic: choate seems like 8chote8..for example 8chote bachche8 means not fully grown up or in the initial stage of life. 61A) nettlesome ad!ective: causing irritation or annoyance Maria found her coworker5s cell phone nettlesome, because every few minutes it would buFF to life with another text message. Mnemonic: using net to someoneJs house, which is annoyance . 6E) unprepossessing ad!ective: creating an unfavourable or neutral first impression 3orld leaders coming to meet Candhi would expect a towering sage, and often would be surprised by the unprepossessing little man dressed only in a loincloth and shawl. Mnemonic: split it as un'possessing. something which you dont want to possess is unattractive. 61) arrogate verb: seiFe and control without authority 4rriving at the small town, the outlaw arrogated the privileges of a lord, asking the frightened citiFens to provide food, drink, and entertainment. Mnemonic: "hink of it5s similarity to 8arrogant.8 4n arrogate person might be so bold as to arrogate another5s possessions 6) besotted ad!ective: very drunk -ever before have I seen my mom so besotted, and honestly, I hope it5s the last time she drinks so much. Mnemonic: #(?+""($ K #(( ' ?+$$(- < ?+$$(- with #((. 62) broadside noun: a strong verbal attack 0olitical broadsides are usually strongest in the weeks leading up to a national election. 67) effervescent
ad!ective: marked by high spirits or excitement 4fter the sales result, the manager was in an effervescent mood, letting several employees leave work early that day. ;) hoary ad!ective: ancient Most workout gurus are young, fit people, whereas most yoga gurus are hoary men with long white beards. Mnemonic: since old, obviously old with white hair> white with age. 6=) phlegmatic ad!ective: showing little emotion 4rnold is truly noble, remaining reserved until an issue of significance arises, but 3alter is simply phlegmatic: he doesn5t have the energy or inclination to care about anything. Mnemonic: ?ounds like 04CM4"IL practical) K practical people think with logic and show little emotion. &) pith noun: the most essential part of something 3hen Lynthia hears a speaker presenting a complex argument, she is always able to discard the irrelevant details and extract the pith of what the speaker is trying to convey. Mnemonic: u canJt sleep without pith so itJs essential. @) artifice noun: cunning tricks used to deceive others, dodge, ploy, scheme , trick "he mayoral candidates both spent much of the campaign accusing each other of artificesdesigned to mislead the voting public. Mnemonic: 4"I9IL(: sounds like artificial fish which is nothing but a trick. A) untrammelled ad!ective: not confined or limited "he whole notion of living untrammelled inspired the 4merican evolution and was enshrined in the $eclaration of Independence and the Lonstitution. Mnemonic: "4M Means train like thing which run at the centre of streets... they run amidst high population. without any restriction :0 2E) empiricism noun: any method that derives knowledge from experience, used in experimental science as a way to gain insight and knowledge (mpiricism does not always lead to knowledge> an experience or experiment may raise more Guestions than it answers. Mnemonic: empiricism comes from empirical 621) bristle verb: react in an offended or angry manner 4s we discussed the painting, I noticed the artist5s wife bristling at our criticisms, ready to defend her husband5s work. Mnemonic: +ne use his 50istol5 to express his 5#ristle5.
662) recrudesce verb: to break out or happen again 4fter years of gamblers anonymous, "ony thought he5d broken his compulsive slot machine playing, but it took only one trip to the 4tlantic Lity for a full recrudescencehe lost ;k on the one armed bandit. 22) paragon noun: model of excellence or perfection of a kind> one having no eGual (ven with the rise of Nobe #ryant, many still believe that Michael ordon is the paragonfor basketball players. noun: an ideal instance> a perfect embodiment of a concept ?ome say that 4thens was the paragon of democracy, but these people often forget that slaves and women were still not allowed to vote. Mnemonic: 44C+- in the movie /ord of the ings was a perfect soldier. 627) reprisal noun: a retaliatory action against an enemy in wartime "he +ld "estament doctrine of an eye for an eye is not the kind of retaliation practiced in war> rather, an arm, a leg, and both ears are the reprisal for the smallest scratch. Mnemonic: re'0IL('al where we assign some price to every ob!ect ("4/I4"( with its value. 2;) epigram noun: a witty saying My favorite epigram from Mark "wain is 84 man who carries a cat by the tail learns something he can learn no other way.8 Mnemonic: (pic'gramshort)....hence epigram is a short witty poem, maxim..... 62=) unstinting ad!ective: very generous Delen is unstinting with her time, often spending hours at the house of a sick friend. 2&) browbeat verb: be bossy towards> discourage or frighten with threats or a domineering manner $uring the interrogation, the suspect was browbeaten into signing a false confession. Mnemonic: bro'wH'beat,a brother likes to beat his siblings...like bullying them 2@) baleful ad!ective: threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments Movies often use storms or rain clouds as a baleful omen of evil events that will soon befall the main character. Mnemonic: #4/(9/..remind yourself of christian bale..in "he $ark Nnight.....the movie immediately reminds you of oker....the #4/(9/ !okerOO 2A) doleful ad!ective: filled with or evoking sadness -o event is more doleful than the passing of my mother> she was a shining star in my life, and it brings me great sadness to think that she is now gone.
Mnemonic: 3hen ever a girl has to sit in $+/I to go to her in laws5 house after marriage, she is $+/(9/Hsorrowful. 7E) ineffable ad!ective: too sacred to be uttered> defying expression or description 3hile art critics can occasionally pinpoint a work5s greatness, much of why a piece captures our imaginations is completely ineffable. Mnemonic: in'ef' fable. fable means story. story can be told. infable means something which can not be uttered such as the name of /ord oldemort 71) disingenuous ad!ective: not straightforward> giving a false appearance of frankness Many adults think that they can lie to children, but kids are smart and know when people are disingenuous. Mnemonic: I-C(-+?can be remembered as genuine) I? ?I-L((, I--+L(-" 4-$ ?+0DI?"IL4"($. 4-$ disingenuous I? not naive, insincere 7) debonair ad!ective: having a sophisticated charm ames #ond is known for his good looks, high tech gadgets, and debonair manner. 72) chagrin noun: strong feelings of embarrassment Much to the timid writer5s chagrin, the audience chanted his name until he came back on the stage. verb: cause to feel shame> hurt the pride of ?he never cared what others said about her appearance but was chagrined by the smallest comment from her mother. Mnemonic: 3hen someone laughs and CI-s at u,u feel humiliated,irritated. 77) ob!urgate verb: express strong disapproval of "he manager spent an hour ob!urgating the employee in the hopes that he would not make these mistakes again. Mnemonic: ob!urgate:ob!ob!ect)'ur'gateif u take any prohibited ob!ects in the gate,then security will scold u) 7;) chimera noun: something desired or wished for but is only an illusion and impossible to achieve Many believe that a world free of war is a chimeraPa dream that ignores humanity5s violent tendencies. Mnemonic: sounds like camera which captures images 7=) antic ad!ective: ludicrouslyvery foolish) odd "he clown5s antic act was too extreme for the youngest children, who left the room in tears. Mnemonic: 4-"*c....aunty !aisa behavior...most of the auntys are stupid. "he way the make up, talk its bombastic and stupid 7&) apothegm
