UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA KAMPUS SERI ISKANDAR
AAR 651 - CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY V INDUSTRIALIZED BUILDING SYSTEM (IBS) CONSTRUCTION
CASE STUDY : PR1MA SUNGAI RAIA, KAMPAR PERUMAHAN RAKYA RAKYAT 1 MALA MAL AYSIA (PR1MA) DIATAS DIATAS PT22818 (LOT !!1) MUKIM MUK IM SUNGAI RAIA" DAERAH KINTA" PERAK DARUL RIDZUAN EN #ADHLIZIL B ABDUL MUNIR
AMIRA BT HASNUL $AMAL 2%18&8'&2 AMIRUL SYA#I BIN ABU 2%1612&8 MUHAMMAD IZZAD BIN AZIZI 2%1!%8852 NUR AMYLIYA BT ARIS 2%181!58 NURUL NURUL INT INTAN AN NAT NATASHA ASHA BT MOHD MOHD HAMDAN HAMDAN 2%1!1 2%1!15&1 5&12 2
NO
TABLE O# CONTENT
PAGES
INTRODUCTION
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2O
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SITE CONSTRUCTION 11 SITE LOCATION 12 CONSTRUCTION ENDURO FRAME BUILDING SYSTEM 21 INTRODUCTION O# ENDURO #RAME #RAME BUILDING SYSTEM 22 ENDURO#RAME INSTALLATION INSTALLATION SYSTEM SYSTEM 2 DE#INITI ON O# TERMS-PART IDENTI#IC ATION 2! ENDURO*ALL #RAME ASSEMBLY ENDUROWALL FRAME AND CONSTRUCTION 1 GENERAL AND DESIGN PERSPECTIVE PERSPECTIVE 2 *ALL #RAME SETOUT SETOUT *ALL #RAME INSTALLATION INSTALLATION ! *ALL #RAME CONNECTION 5 #ASTENERS ENDUROTRUSS ROOF AND CONSTRUCTION !1 GENERAL DESIGN DESIGN AND PERSPECTIVE PERSPECTIVE !2 !2 ENDU ENDURO ROTR TRUS USS S #RAM #RAMIN ING G SYST SYSTEM EM ASSEMBLIES ! ON SITE SITE HANDLING !! ROO# CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION TYPE TYPE REFERENCES
1
2 2- !-5 5 5-6 6-8
& & &-12 1 1! 15 15-1' 18 1&-2%
*+, ./ .+0 , 3./" 43" 7/,97, ./4 0.+/,.+/ +;-<.3+,= +/; >+, 3+?,=3 7/7, ?9 0+443-+/70 34 +/ @= 9./ 7/,9" PR1MA 9+4+/; . 9+4/,+.3 ,., 70 >+, .03 ?.7+3+,+ 7 . 9." 03,+9 .33" @+/49;.9,/ ./4 /99=" ;.94 . . .9, ? , 79+,= ./4 >+,+/ , ;.944 9+4/,+.3 .9. PR1MA 0 ,., 37.,4 +/ T.0./ R.+. M9." K.0.9 70 +/ .9+ ,= ? /+, >+,+/ ./ +/,;9.,4 700/+,=" /+3= 4+;/ , +, 4+9/, 34 /4 T 9+4/,+.3 97, 709+ 2 37@ ? +/; >+, >+, ./ .= .77 ?90 , 0.+/ 9.4 S+0./; P3.+ L0," $.3./ G/;" $.3./ R.. D9 N.9+/ S. ./4 $.3./ R.. 0. M..4+
21
INTRODUCTION 1.SITE CONSTRUCTION
1.1 SITE LOCATION
#+;9 11(7) #.7+3+,+ ,., ,+ +, 9 .9 9." 03,+-9 .33" /99= ./4 @+/49;.9,/" ./4 ;.94 #+ 9 11(.) S> 37.,+/ 3./ ? +, 9 7,
1.2 CONSTRUCTION 121 GROUND SLAB CONSTRUCTION #9 ,+ 7/,97,+/" , ;9/4 3. + 7/,97,4 0./.33= T+ +, , 4 ?/4.,+/ =,0 ,., + +3+/; =,0 ./4 .4 ?/4.,+/ P+3+/; =,0 + 4 , /9 ,.+3+,= ? , ;9/4 +3 ? , +34+/; A33 3.4 ,., .9 ,9./?9 , , ?/4.,+/ >+33 ,9./?994 , +3+/; A/4 +, >+33 ,9./?9 , , 4 ;9/4 +3
#+;9 11() S> @= 3./ ? +, 97, ?9 PR1MA S;R.+.
T+ +, 7./ .+3= .77 ?90 $.3./ U,.0. S+0./; P3.+ L0," $.3./ G/;" $.3./ R.. M4. M. M..4+ ./4 $.3./ D9 N.9+/ S.
1.2.1.1 TYPE OF PILING
P9-7., 9 ,94 7/79, +3B7. ? +, ,;/" 49.+3+,= ./4 7/0+7.3 ?.7,9
4) P97 ./4 0,4 ? 7/,97,+/ - T +, + F9, ./.3=4 , 4,90+/ , 37.,+/ ./4 , 3/;, ? , +3 - I/,.334 +/; +0.7, +3 49++/; .009 / , 37.,+/ .4 / 7/,97,+/ 49.>+/; - T +3 + 49+/ +/, , +3 /,+3 +, 0.+00 /,9.,+/
#+;9 122(.)T ?90>9@ + F9, +/,.334 ./4 ,/ , 7/79, + 94 +/, , ?90>9@ ?9 ;9/4 .0
#+;9 121(.) ,= ? +3+/; 4 +/ 7/,97,+/ +, +/ IBS =,0
1.2.1.2 TYES OF FOUNDATION
-
T ,= ? ?/4.,+/ 4 , +, + .4 ?/4.,+/ #/4.,+/ + +09,./, ?9 .33 +34+/; ./4 ,97,9 . +, 9/, ,,3+/; P.4 ?/4.,+/ + 4 ?9 +, +, +3 9+44 + .94 +3" ,= ? +, +3 ./4 ,= ? ?/4.,+/ + 4,90+/4 = +3 +/,+;.,+/ = , ;,7/+7.3 4.9,0/,
122GROUND BEAM CONSTRUCTION G9/4 .0 + . ,97,9 30/, , 7//7, .4.7/, + 7. , 90 , ,.+3+,= ? , ?/4.,+/ +, ?/7,+/ + , ?90 . F909 9, = 9+4;+/; ,>/ +3 ./4 .4 ?,+/; I, ,+ ./4 7//7, , 730/" F ./4 34 F,3= , 730/ +/ 949 , ,.+3+ +, I, .3 .7, , .9 .33 , 3.4 70 ?90 , >.33 >+7 7/,97,4 .9.334 >+, , .0
2.0 ENDURO FRAME BUILDING SYSTEM
2.1 INTRODUCTION OF ENDURO FRAME BUILDING SYSTEM T ?9.0+/; =,0 4 +/ , 7/,97,+/ + E/49 B+34+/; S=,0 E/49 #9.0 S=,0 >. F9, 4 +/ A,9.3+. ./4 .4 / 97/,3= +/,9474 , M.3.=+." ,> =.9 .; E/49 #9.0 +34+/; =,0 9+4 <.3+,= ,3 ?9.0 ?9 +349 ./4 0 >/9 M.4 ?90 , 0+,9 ? +/7 ./4 .30+/+0 .33= 7.,4 ,3 >+, . 4+,+/7,+ 9+/ F/+ / +, 9?.7 I, + 0.4 ?90 T979 ,3 ./4 +, + 1%% ,90+, ./4 99 9?" , +, 4 /, 9<+9 ./= .44+,+/.3 70+7.3 ,9.,0/, , 9,7, ,0 ?90 , .,,.7@ T ?9.0+/; 0.,9+.3 .9 .3 // 70,+3" 947+/; , .0/, ? .00.3 +/ . 0
211 A DVANTAGES O# ENDU RO #RAME BUIL DING SYSTE M i. Light Wight E/49#9.0 +34+/; =,0 3+;, ;.; ,3 , 0.@+/; +, +;/+F7./,3= 3+;,9 +/ >+;, ./4 7./ 947 .?,= 9+@ .7+.,4 >+, 3+?,+/; 3@= ./4 .= +,0 / +, ii. S!"#i$# Th#%&' ($%)$#t iii. E&*+ t$ I*t&'' E/49 ?9.0 + 07 3+;,9 ,./ ,+09 ,9 .3,; , 7/,97,+/ + 9= 07 +0+3.9 , ,+09 7/,97,+/ I, + 0./?.7,94 ?90 3+;, ;.; ,3 ./4 + +03= 79>4 ,;,9" 0.@+/; +, .+9 , +/,.334 / +, i. F&*t t$ &**%'. T 3+;, >+;, ./4 .= >.= ? .03+/; , ?9.0+/; =,0 947 , 49.,+/ ? ,+0 , .03 , ?9.0 / +, I/ 9 97," , . P# "!(h/ *#i( h$'. T ?9.0+/; =,0 70 >+, .33 9+7 3 ,., >9 9- /74 A33 37,9+7.3 ./4 30+/; =,0 >+33 ,/ /.4 +/ . ;900,, ./4 334 ,9; , 7.3 T+ 947 , ,+0 , 49+33 , 3 ?9 9+7 9
#+;921(.) E/49 #9.0 S=,0 4 / +,
#+;9211(A) F;9211(B) >9 /74 9+7 3 / , ?9.0 4 / +,
T 0.,9+.3 4 / +, B3S7 M.3.=+." , 947, 3+9 +/ / , ;3.3 +34+/; ./4
#+;9 21() E/49 #9.0 S=,0 4 / +,
i. R/!( %&t#i&' &*t&g. *+, J7+/, " , ?9.0+/; =,0 7./ 947 0.,9+.3 >.,.;
>9 3+4 = A+=. ./4 NS 0,.3" ;3. ./4 ,3 M.3.=+." 9+/7+.33= ?74 7/,97,+/ +/4,9=
ii.R/!( '&$!# T <+7@ ./4 .= .03+/; 97 ? E/49?9.0 +34+/; =,0 0.@ +, 9<+9 /3= 0.33 /09 ? 3.9 , .03 , ?9.0 / +,
iii. S')-(#ti/ &/ )!''+ gi#/ O/ ? , 0.+/ .4./,.; ? ENDURO#RAME +34+/; =,0 + , 3? 79,+F4 ./4 + ?33= /;+/94 T+ 0./ ,., , 4+;/ 4,.+34 .9 /, 9<+94 , +;/4 = . ,97,9.3 /;+/9 T 4+;/ .9 4,.+34 = . 79,+F4 9 ? ENDUROCADD ?,>.9 =,0 i. R*i*t&t t$ *t#$g i/* &/ &#th3!&4* T ,97,9.3 +/,;9+,= ? ,3 ?9.0 . 40/,9.,4 +/ ?33-7.3 +03.,+/ ,., +, ,.= ,9.+;," ,9 ./4 0, +09,./,3=" .?
2.2 ENDUROFRAME INSTALLATION SYSTEM 221 ON-SITE HANDLING L+?,+/;" 3.4+/; ./4 ,9./9,.,+/ ? ,3 ?9.0 .33 .7703+4 >+, ?F7+/, 7.9 , 9/, 4.0.; #9.0 0, ?33= 9,4 +/ +,9 9+/,.3 9 9,+7.3 3./ >/ +/; ,9./9,4 C.9 0, ,.@/ >/ ,=+/; 4>/ ./4 3+?,+/; >.33 ?9.0 /, , , ./ 7+ 99 / +/, */ . 79./ + 4 , /3.4" +,.3 3+?,+/; 0,4 .9 9<+94 , 0+/+0+ 9.7@+/; 3.4 9 37.3 4+,9,+/ ? 009
#+;922(.) R+4 C S7,+/ ? ?9.0 4 / +,
222ON-SITE STORAGE */ , ?9.0 .9 ,94 / +," ,= 34 37@4 . , ;9/4 , 9,7, ,0 ?90 ;9/4 >.,9 ,9; , ?33>+/; 0,4 .) I? , ?9.0 .9 ,94 9+/,.33=" , 37@+/; 34 ., 1%0 , 150 7/,9 9 . 9<+94 ., +/," , 9/, /4+/; ? , ?9.0 ) I? , ?9.0 .9 ,94 9,+7.33=" ,= 34 9,4 ., , 4+;/4 9, 37.,+/ ./4 +/ . 0.//9 ,., >+33 9/, ,0 ?90 ,++/; 9 ,3+/; 22 MATERIAL SPECI#ICATION
#+;9 222 (.) #9.0 ,.7@4 9+/,.33= / +,
2.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS-PART IDENTIFICATION
.0
,4
/
,
+4
?
,
/+/;
+ *.33 B9.7+/; *.33 9.7+/; .9 9<+94 , ,9./?9 .33 , 9+/,.3 ?97 ?90 9?" >.33 ./4 9 , , .99+., 7+3+/; ./4 9 4+.9.;0 T ?97 .9+ ?90 >+/4 9 .9,<.@ 3.4 B9.7+/; 0.= ,9." 7.//3 9 009./ ,= + L.4 >.33 9,+7.3 , . 3.,9.3 7.4 >+/4
#+;9 2(.) T ,90 4 ?9 .7 .9, ? , ?9.0+/; =,0
L.4 B.9+/; *.33 B.9+/; 7.99+ 3.4 ?90 ,97,9 9 , 3.4 = ,
++ N/ L.4 B.9+/; >.33 +/,9/.3 >.33 >+7 4 /, 9, ,9 3.4 T +/,9/.3 >.33 0.= .3 4 . 3.,9.3 9.7+/; >.33 +++ C00/ S,4 T ,4 ?/7,+/ . , 9, , , 9,+7.3 3.4 ?90 , >.33 3.= = 9.?,9 ./4 ,9" 7+3+/; +, ./4 9+/,.3 >+/4 ./4 +0+7 3.4
T+-D>/ #9.0+/; 7//7,+/ 4 , , 37., ?9.0 70//, ./4 9+, >+/4 3+?, ?97
2.6 ENDUROWALL FRAME ASSEMBLY A33 ENDURO*ALL .9, .9 744 >+, +/?90.,+/ , .+, 97,9 +/ , .03= 97 T+ 0.,7 , .9, +/?90.,+/ >/ / , .03= 49.>+/; T .9, .9 744 +/ , ?33>+/; 949: $ N.0N09" #9.0 N09" P.9, N09 ./4 P.9, U.; #9 9, .9," 0 ? ,+ +/?90.,+/ + 43,4 *+, ,+ +/?90.,+/" 97,9 7./ .+3= +4/,+?= >., , .9, + ./4 >9 +, + +/,/44 , 4 +/ , ,97,9
+ $.0 ,4 $.0 ,4 .9 3.74 / .7 +4 ? ./ /+/;" ?/7,+/ , 9, 3.4 ?90 3+/,3 9 , /+/; ./4 , 9+/,.3 >+/4 3.4 .+/; ,9; , /+/; S,4 9,+/; 7/7/,9.,4 3.4 T ,4 .9 +/,.334 , 7.99= 7/7/,9.,4 9,+7.3 3.4 .9++/; ?90 9, ?9 9+/7+.3 9? ./4 9 9,+/; 009 + N;;+/; N;;+/; 9+4 3.,9.3 ./4 ,9+/.3 9,9.+/, , , ,4 I/ .44+,+/ /;;+/; 0, 4+;/4 , 9, ./ +04 7/7/,9.,4 3.4" 3.74 ./=>9 / +, ./ , 947 , 0.+00 .7,+/ 7, 49+/; 7/,97,+/ #+;9 2! I/?90.,+/ 744 / ,3 ?9.0 4 / +,
++ *.33 P3., L.4 .9+/; >.33 3., .9 4+;/4 , ,9./?9 9,+7.3 3.4 , ,4 >/ , ,9 9 9 +, .9 /, 4+97,3= +/ 3+/ >+, , ,4 +++L+/,3 L+/,3 .9 4+;/4 , ,9./?9 9,+7.3 3.4 .3+4 9 , /+/; , ,
#+;9 2!() ./4 #+;9 2!(7) > .33 ,4 3.=4 +/ </,+.3 949" .74 , 9+/,.,4 ?9.0 . 9 .03= ,
2.6.1 PLEMINARY WORK
) #IED AT STUDS
1) PART IDENTI#ICATION
#+;9 2!(4) ./4 #+;9 2!()> 3 >9 .3+;/4 ./4 F4 ., ,4" = +/,.33+/; ,9+33.9 ?.,/9
T /.7@4 ?9.0 >9 9,4 +/, ?9.0 3, +/; 9./4+/; . 0./.3 T 4+9/, .9, >9 +4/,+F4 ?90 , 9./4+/; +/?90.,+/ / , .9, ./4 0.,74 ,;,9
*/ 7.99=+/; , , 9+0.9= .03= ? , ?9.0 .3+;/ /,7 3 . >/ ./4 +/,.33 ,9+33.9 ?.,/9 +/ 3 T , ,4 >9 .3+;/4 >+, , , ? ,4 ./4 79>4 ,;,9 ., , /4
#+;92!(#) C//7,+/ ? ,4 , , , 3., +/; ,9+33.9 ?.,9/9
#+;9 2!(.) T /.7@4 ?9.0 >9 +4/,+F4 ./4 7337,4 .7794+/; , , 4+9/, .9,
2) #RAME LAYOUT AND ASSEMBLY
!) NOGGING INSTALLATION T /;;+/; >9 +/4 , , 700/ ,4 = 3+4+/; , /;;+/; /, , ,4 ,.9,+/; ?90 . ? ?9.0 T F+/; 3 >9 ,/ .3+;/4 ./4 F4 , , ,4
#+;9 2!(+) C//7,+/ ? /;;+/; / , ,4 5)
*ALL #RAMES AND PREPARE #OR OPENINGS B?9 +/9,+/; ./= 9.7+/; 9 3+/,3" , 9.33 4+0/+/ ? , ?9.0 .;.+/, , 3+4 A03= S, 34 77@4 T ?9.0 34 <.94 ?9 +/,.33+/; ./= 9.7+/;
#+;92!(;) T +/,.33.,+/ ? /;;+/; /, ,4
6) MARKING #RAMES #9.0 34 +4/,+F4 >+, ./3 /09 ./4 , /09 ? ./= .4+/+/; >.33 ., , .99+., 37.,+/ T 0.9@ 34 .3+4 , , +4 ? , ,,0 3.,
') STACK COMLETED *ALL #RAMES BE#ORE INSTALLATIONS
#+;9 2!() C//7,+/ ? /;;+/; / , ,4
C03,4 >.33 ?9.0 , ,.7@4 +/ . ., .9. 9.4= ?9 +/,.33.,+/ I, + , , ,.7@ , >.33 ?9.0 +/ /43 73 , , F/.3 +/,.33.,+/ +,+/ , . , 97 ? +/,.33.,+/ ./4 .3 , . ,+0 ? +/,.33.,+/
, ?9.0 ./4 , 9 ,97,9 + 7.99+4 , +/ .7794./7 >+, ,+ 0./.3 . 7+FF4 4+;/ 11 PRIOR TO CONSTRUCTION T9 .9 . ?> , ?9 700/7+/; 7/,979+/ ? , >.33: * . , 77@ , 9, ? , ,97,9 .9,+73.9 >+, , 3./ 4+0/+/ " , 30 ./4 , 33 ? ,97,9 9, ./4 .3+;/0/, ? >.33 ./4 .0 , ,97,9 >+33 .4<., 9.74 ,+4 4>/ ./4 ,.3 C7@ .;.+/ +? ,9 ./= 4F7+/, +/ 9, ,97,9 9+9 , 974+/; A/= 4.0.;4 .9, 0, 99,4 +/ >.33 ?9.0 +/7,+/ , 0.@ 9 . 7997, 97,+F7.,+/A33 , .9.3 ./4 90++/ ?9 +, 97,+F7.,+/ 0, ,.+/4 ?90 , 0./?.7,99 12 SA#ETY #+;9 2!() ./4 2! (@) > >.33 ?9.0 ,.7@4 ,;,9 ?9 +/,.33.,+/ 97
S9+9 ?90 IBS 70./= >+33 /9 ,., , .99+9 9 7.34+/; 4 +/ 949 , 703= .? >9@ 9.7,+7 .9 +/,.334 +/ 7/,97,+/ / 4.0.; 9 93.4 >.33 70//, >+33 779 49+/; 7/,97,+/ 1 LOAD BEARING *ALL T >9@9 34 /9 .33 , 3.4 ?90 , +/,9/.3 ./4 ,9/.3 >.33 .9 .77004.,4 +/ , ?/4.,+/ ? -9+/; 1! #ASTENERS
5.0 ENDUROWALL FRAME 7 CONSTRUCTION 5.1 GENERAL AND DESIGN PERSPECTI8E
U.33= " +/ A$IYA IBS 97, +/; ENDURO*ALL " (1%-161600 >.?9) 9 .4 9 (12-1!2%00) .4 3?-49+33+/; 79> .9 4 ?9 .33 ,97,9.3 7//7,+/ +/ , 97,T 9700/44 /09 4 .4 / 49.>+/;I/ 7//7,+/"0+/+00 ?.,/9 .7+/; + 1'00 ./4 0+/+00 4+,./7 + 1'00 , , 4; ? 7,+/
5.2 WALL FRAME SETOUT ENDURO*ALL ?9.0 . / 4+;/ .4 / /;+/9+/; ,./4.94 ./4 9?90 . 4+;/4 /,+.33=I, ./434 " 97,4 ./4 9.74 7997,3= .7794+/; , 0./.3 ;+4T ?33>+/; 9700/4.,+/ .3= , >.33 ?9.0 / ,./4.94 40,+7 ./4 3+;, 70097+.3 +34+/;I/ 9 +, ,= .3= , ENDURO*ALL =,0 ?9 ,./4.94 40,+7 9+4/,.3 ?9 PR1MA SGRAIA ZONE( BATU GA$AH ) 97, A33 , 70//, 37,4 ?90 ENDURO#RAME B+34+/; S=,0 D+;/ M./.3 ./4 4,.+34 >9 4+/4 +/; ENDUROCADD 4+;/ ?,>.9 , +, 7+F7.33= +/ 7/,97,+/ 0,4 3+@ 9?" 9 3.4 >+7 .99+., ./4 97, ,>.94 +, ./4 .97+,7,9A44+,+/.3 3.4+/; 7 . 07./+7.3 /,+3.,+/ =,0 3+@ A+9-C/4+,+/" ,7 >+33 9<+9 7+.3 ,+0 7/+49.,+/ +/ ,90 ? 4+;/ ./4 3.7+/; , 3.4T @+/4 ? .44+,+/.3 34 9?994 .7@ , , .97+,7,4+;/9 , /9 ./4 .97+ ;4 9?90./7 ? >.33 ?9.0 ./4 9? +/7 >+/4 3.4 + / ? +09,./, ?.7,9 +/ 4+;/C997, 4+;/ >+/4 3.4 >+33 ,+
B= 3+?,+/; ./= ?9.0 +/, . 9+;, 3.7 " > . , 0.9@ , , ?9.0 37.,+/ / , 9 ./4 9=9 >+33 0.9@ ./4 , , , ? ?9.0 37.,+/ >+7 3+4 *.33 #9.0+/; L.=, . . 9?9/7 M.9 ./4 77@ , 4+.;/.3 ? 0.9@4 >.33 +,+/
5.5 WALL FRAME INSTALLATION St" 1 : I4/,+?= .7 ./3 ?9.0 37.,+/ +/; ENDUROCADD >+7 + ?,>.9 ;/9.,4 P./3 L.=, 3+4 = 0./?.7,99U/3.4 ./4 /.7@ .33 , ./3 ./4 , ,0 /.9 9<+94 ++/ , .+4 0+3.74 " 7/?+/ ./4 //7.9= ./43+/;T >.33 .9 ;/9.33= 7/,97,4 = .777 , , >3
+, B= 4+/; ,+ " ,= ,9=+/; , F, , +/,9+9 >.33 .?,9 9+0,9 ? 97, F/+4A33 , /09 ?9 >.33 .+;/4 = ENDUROCADD ?,>.9 , 3 +4/,+?= 37.,+/
#+;9 (.) C/3, 3./ 3.=, ?9 ,.9,+/; #+;9 () > , F9, >.33 ?9.0 / , 37.,+/ +/, ., , +,
St" 2 :
#90 , +349 79/9 " 0.9@ , +,+/ ? >.33 / , 3. 9 9 +/; 7.3@/7+3 3+/M.@ 9 .33 , 3+/ .9 <.9 ./4 9+;, +/, +,+/ ?9 974+/; , 7/,97,+/N90.33= ,9/.3 >.33 .9 4,.+34 .9/4 15%00 ?90 , ?.7 ? , 9+7@ >+, '500 7.+,= >+, ,4H>9 > . , 77@ , 49.>+/; . ,+ 0.= .9= S, : S,./4 , >.33 ?9.0 / .7, 37.,+/ +/,
St " 6 :
S,./4 , /, >.33 7,+/ +/ 9+;, +,+/ ./4 F +, , , F9, 7,+/ +/; 1%161600 ./4 .4 79>C03, .7 /7,+/ ?9 944+/; , /, ?9.0 ./3 , .+4 7/?+/$+/, .9 0.4 = 79>+/; , .4.7/, ,4 ., ,,0 ./4 0+4 +/,T+ +/, .33= 4 , 7//7, ,> >.33 >9 ,9 + / /7,+/ B+4 ,., ,09.9= 9.7+/; 34 4 , 79 , >.33 /4 >+7 + /, F4 , , 7/4 >.33 ?9.0 ./3U . +7 ? 7./3 , 79 , >.33 ?9.0
#+;9 (7) P3.7 7/4 >.33 +/ +,+/ +/; 7.3@ 3+/ . . 0./.3 ./4 .;.+/, F9, >.33
#+;9 () #+ +/; . ,, +/, ., . ? >.33
St" 9 :
M.@ 9 .33 , +/,9+9 >.33 ./3 97,4 ?9 703,+/; , 9+0,9 A?,9 .33 >.33 ./3 .9 97,4 7997,3= " 0 , ?9.0 +/ , 9+;, +,+/ >+7 +/4+7.,4 = 7.3@/7+3 3+/A?,9 ,., " 0.@ 9 , 90 .9 <.9 = 0.9+/; ./4 70.9+/; 4+.;/.3 ./4 F 4>/ +/; 9700/44 F+/; >/ +/ , 3./ 49.>+/;T F+/; .9 +/,.334 /, , , /+/; ? .0 ,4 >9 ,/+/ 9.7+/; .,,.7 , , ,,0 3.,
#+;9 (4) T09.9= 9.7+/; 34 4 , 79 , /4 ? , >.33 >+7 + /, F4 , , 7/4 (9 </,) >.33
#+;9 (;) E/4 ./4 +/,9+9 >.33 .9 F4 +/, +,+/
#+;9 (?)P3.7 +/,9+9 >.33 +/; 7.3@ 3+/ . 0./.3
#+;9 () E/4 >.33 3.74 +/, +,+/ ./4 ,09.9+3= 9.74 +/; 73.0 ./49 TOPSPAN .,,/
St" ; :
P3.7 F/.3 .034 >.33 ?9.0 / , 7.3@/7+3 3+/ ./4 90 , 9.7+/;$+/ >.33 ., , 79/9 ,,0 ./4 0+4-+;, +/; ,/44 49+33 +, .4 / .97+,7,9.3 49.>+/;O/7 +/ +,+/ ", >.33 7./ F4 ,, 9 ,9; ,,0 3., ? , >.33 ?9.0 ./3 +/; , 34 4>/ ., .7+/; >+7 7+F4 = , D,.+39
St" < : M.@ 9 .33 4+.;/.3 ?33> 49.>+/; 0.90/, ./4 , ,97,9 + <.9
#+;9 (I) P+,+/ F/.3 >.33
#+;9 () R0 3., ? , ,09.9= 9.7+/;
#+;9 (3) A3+;/ >.33 >+, 7.3@ 0.9@ ./4 , +/, F/.3 +,+/ ?9 F+/;
#+;9 (@) P+,+/ ./4 F F/.3 >.33 +/; ,/+/ +,
St" = :
U+/; . +9+, 33 ./4 ,9.+;, 4; , 77@ +? , ?9.0 + ,.3 ./4 ?33> , ,./4.94S+,.3 ,09.9= 9.7 34 ,+,+/ .33+;/./4 30 , >.33 #+;9 (0) S79> ,,0 3., +/, F/.3 ?9.0 /,+3 , / 9? + 703,4P30 , ?9.0 = .4,+/; , 9.7+/; 9 ,/+/9
St" > :
#.,/ , 9.7+/; ,9. ? >.33 ?9.0 ., .7 ,4 , 9+4 9.,,3 >+,+/ >.33 ./4 /;;+/; 9.7+/;.?,9 3+/+/;M.@ 9 , 1%-1616 >.?9 .4 79> +/ 9+7@ 7/,97,+/
#+;9 (/)C7@ >.33 ?9 30
Step 11:
T ,4 ./4 3., 7//7,+/ 9<+9 79> F+/; . 7+F4 ?9 7+F4 +, 7/4+,+/
St" 10:
B.4 / 7+F4 49.>+/; 3.=, " .44+,+/.3 90.//, 9.7+/; 0.= 9<+9 +, F,,+/;
5.6 WALL FRAME CONNECTION #+;9 () M.9 3/;, ., ,,0 ./4 , ? >.33 , 77@ ?9.0 + <.9
#+;9 ()O/7 , ?9.0 + 30 ./4 <.9" F ., , ,,,0 ? , >.33
#+;9 (<) U . 3/;, ? T./ .,,/ , 34 , ?9.0 <.9 /,+3 9.7+/; 7./ ,/+/4
T9 .9 . ?> ,= ? 7//7,+/ ? >.33?9.0I/ 9 +,B.4 / 3.+/.,+/ = E/S.9+/ > + 97, /;+/9 ? A$IYA 70./= " +/ ,+ 97, 0,3= > 4 ,= 7//7,+/ ? ,+/ 7. ? +, 7/4+,+/ ./4 .4 / 3.4 7.373.,+/
#+;9 !() > ,=+7.3 9 7//7,+/ 4 +/ 7/,97,+/ , +/, , ?9.0
T=+7.3 // 7=73/+7 34 4>/ 7//7,+/ O,+/ T 4+;/9 >+33 7+F4 , 34 4>/ ? ?9.0 70//, , 4 ?9 .7
O,+/ 1.
#+;9 !(7) S> ,=+7.3 9 7//7,+/ 4 +/ 7/,97,+/
#+;9 !(.) > ,=+7.3 9 7//7,+/ 4 +/ 7/,97,+/
O,+/ 2
5.9 FASTENERS T9 .9 . ?> 73. ? ?.,/9 , / 9 +, ,= 4 . ,+3.,4 ?.,/9 +/AS566T ?.,/9 34 .94 = B3S7T ?.,/9 3> +/ F;9 2222222 .9 +,.3 ?9 F+/; ,97,9.3 ,3 ?9.0 ,;,9
#+;9 5 (7) > 1%-161600 49+33+/; 79> 4 ?9 +/,+/; , ?9.0
#+;9 5(4) > 1%-161600 79> 4 ?9 +/,+/; , ?9.0 ./4 . 7//7,9 , ,9 " .,,/ ./4 7/79,
#+;9 5(.)> ,= ? ?.,/9 ,., 4 +/ 7/,97,+/
#+;9 5() > ,= ? 9.7@, ,., 4 +/ 7/,97,+/
6.0 ENDUROTRUSS ROOF
6.1 GENERAL DESIGN AND PERSPECTI8E T 9? ?9 ,+ 7/,97,+/ 4 . .9, ? ENDURO#RAME =,0 7.334 ENDUROTRUSS S=,0 T+ =,0 >9 7/,97, ?90 T979 S,3 ,., .7, . , ,97,9.3 . T 79 ? , =,0 + .,/4 ,3 ,9 >+7 .9 4+;/ 4+;+,.33= ?90 +, 9= >/ ?,>.9"E/49C.44 T ?,>.9 >+33 .,0.,+7.33= 9+44 , 4+;/4 ,97,9 ./4 ;+ .33 , 9<+90/, ?9 7/,97,+/ !11 THE ADVANTAGES T ,3 ?9.0+/; + /, .+3= 9, 9 >.9 ./4 , ,33 .9 3+;, ./4 .= , 97, I, 7./ ./43 , ;0,9+7.33= 703 ,9 4 , +, 3?-+;;+/; 7.9.7,9+,+7 ? , ,9 T= .3 ;+ , 9= ., 9? 3./ ./4 7./ ./43 = /@+334 >9@9 ! 1 2 MATERIAL SPECI#ICATION ENDUROTRUSS 7,+/ .9 933-?904 ?90 TRUECORE ,3 703=+/; >+, AS1&':2%11 T ,./4.94 ENDUROTRUSS 7,+/ .9 >/ +/ F;9 3> I/ , ;9.4 >/" , /09 9F4 >+, G +/4+7., 0+/+00 =+34 ,9 +/ MP.Q ./4 , /09 9F4 >+, Z 9 AM +/4+7., 0+/+00 7.,+/; 0. +/ ;02 %5500 BMT" TRUECORE G55% AM15% ,3 %'500 BMT" TRUECORE G55% AM15% ,3 1%%00 BMT" TRUECORE G55% AM15% ,3 12%00 BMT" TRUECORE G5%% AM15% ,3
#+;9 !1 () > , S1%%
7,+/ ./4 4 S1%% 7,+/
!1 TOO LS AND EUIPT MENT P>9 ,3 .9 /44 , 97, , ,9 =,0 7 . 79> ;/"0,.3 7,,+/; .>"./4 34 0,.3 7,,+/; .> ./4 ./;3 ;9+/49T+ >9 ,3 + 9,4 = +, .779+", 800 (516) .;/ 7@,",/+/ .9 (3/;, , 15%00)"S+,.3 0,.3 7,,+/; 3.4" ./4 800 .//9 9 7@, S0 ? , ./4 ,3 >9 4 +/ +, 97,+/ 97" 43 .7,+/ ,+/ /+"+9+, 33"7.3@ 3+/", 3.449"+7 ;9+"0.9+/; ,. .9 /44 T >9@9 .3 0, >.9+/; , .?,= <+,0/, >/ , 97,+/ 97 779 T .?,= <+0/, .9 = 9,7,+/ (.?,= ;;;3)".9+/; 9,7,+/ (>/ +/; >9 ,3)"9,7,+ ;3".9, 3.@.; 7+97+, 9.@9 ?9 37,9+7.3 ;4 ./4 .33 9,7,+/ .9/
6.2 ENDUROTRUSS FRAMING SYSTEM ASSEMBLIES T F;9 3> > , , ?9 ,9 .03= St" 1 - P.9, I4/,+F7.,+/
#+;9 !2 (.) > , F9, , ? ,9 .03= #+;9 !1(.) > , S'5 7,+/ ./4 4 S'5 7,+/
U/.7@ , ,9 ./4 9, +/, ,9 3, +/; , 9./4+/; . . ;+4 I4/,+?= , 794 ./4 > ?90 , 9./4+/; +/?90.,+/ / , .9, St" 2 - T9 L.=, C94 A03=
#+;9 !2 () > , 7/4 , ? ,9 .03=
L.= 4>/ ./4 ./4 .3+;/ . 9 794 , .33> ,9 79> = 794 ,
+4/,+?= , 794 / . 33 9?.7 .03= 49.>+/; P9-/,74 , , .9, , 93. . >/ L7.,+/; 9-/74 3 , 7//7,+/; , ."@/ ./4 3
#+;9 !2(4)A3+;/ /,7 3 . >/ ./4 +/,.33 . 37.,+/; ,9 79> +/ 3
St" 9 - *
I/,.33.,+/
St" 5 - A3+;/ 3 ./4 +/,.33 . 37.,+/; ,9 79> - F ., 3
#+;9 !2(7) > , ,+94 , ? ,9 .03=
#+;9 !2() > , F?, , ? ,9 .03=
C,,+/; 9 /.+/; , +7 ..9, , .9.,+/; , 3+/@4 > I/ 949 , 9<+94 ?9 .03=(3?, , 9+;,)" > .9 +/4 ./4 ,= >+33 .,,.74P+,+/+/; .7 / 9 , ,9 794 = /+ 9 /. , > ..9, /.9 , F/.3 37.,+/ St" 6 - #+ 79>
., . 9 @/ ./4 +/,.33 . 37.,+/; ,9
#+;9 !2 (?) > , F?, , ? ,9 .03= #+;9 !2 () > , /, , ? ,9 .03=
St" ; - A3+;/ 3 ./4 F 7//7,+/ >+, . 37.,+/; ,9 79>
B?9 +/9,+/; ./= ,+/9 9 9+/?97+/; 79> 77@ , 9.33 4+0/+/ ? , ,9 .;.+/, , A03= S, #9 . 703 . ,9" 3.= +, / , ? . 9+3= .034 / ./4 77@ ,= .9 , .0
#+;9 !2 (;) > , +, , ? ,9 .03=
6.5 ON SITE ?ANDLING St" < - O9.33 .3+,= C7@
! 1 SLINGS H9+/,.3 ./4 9,+7.3 3./ .9 ?33= 9, , ,9 >/ +, +/; ,9./9,4 E7+ 99 .9 /, /7.9= , , /, +, 794"> ./4 +/, M, ? ,9 ?9 +/;3 ,9= 0.= 3+?,4 = ./4 ./4 , 3.9;9 97, 0, 79./ >+, . 3+/; . ./ .+,./7
#+;9 !2 (.) > , 0,4 ? ,9+/; , ,9 9+/,.33=
#+;9 !1(.) > , 0,4 ? ,9./?9+/; , ,9 >+, 3+/;
I? , T9 .9 ,94 9+/,.33= . F;9 ." , 37@+/; 34 2%0 , 250 , 9/, /4+/;
S3+/; 34 37.,4 ., , .0 4+,./7 ?90 +, 7/,9 3+/ ? , ,9 3+@ >/ = , +7,9 T ./;3 0, 6% 4;9 9 3 I? , ./ .9 09 ,./ &%%%00" , ,9./9,.,+/ /4 . 9.49 .9 . , +7,9 3>
#+;9 !1 () > , 0,4 ? ,9./?9+/; , ,9 >+, 3+/; = 9,4 = 9.49 .9
T 9.49 .9 .9 .,,.74 >+, , >-794 ./4 , + ? , .9 .9+0.,3= . .3? 9 <.9,9 , 3/;, ? , ,9 ! 2 ROO# TRUSSES EPOSURE AND STORAGE
#+;9 !2 () > , 0,4 ? ,9+/; , ,9 9,+7.33=
I? , ,9 .9 ,94 9,+7.33=" , 4+;/4 9, 34 +/,.334 , 9/, ?90 ,++/; ./4 ,3+/; T ,9 794 34 34 7 ,., >.,9 49.+/
*9 ,9 .9 ,94 / +," ,= 34 37@4 . F90 ;9/4 ,., ,= 4 /, 70 +/, 7/,.7, >+, , +3 ./4 , 9,7, ,0 ?90 ;9/4 >.,9
6.6 ROOF CONSTRUCTION TYPE 6.6.1 GABLE END CONSTRUCTION
T+ 7/,97,+/ 0,4 4 +, . . 0.33 9; 9,4 >+, >.33 ?9.0+/; T 0.33 9; >9 /44 , .4 , 9.@4 /4 >.33
R? .,,/
#+;9 !!() > ,
7/,97,+/ 97 ?
, 9? H+/; /+, .?,9 ,
977 ? 7/79,
+/F33 , 9.4= , , F/+ 977 T ?.7+. .94 ,., 7//,+/.3 0,4 .33= 4 ,+09 0.,9+.3 >9 9.374 = .30+/+0 0,.3 4 , , 7,+/; ?.7,9
! !1 THE CONNECT ION DETAIL #OR SMALL VERGE ON THE ROO# CONSTR UCTION O# END GABLE END METHOD
R.@4 E/4
#+;9 !!(.) > , ?9.0+/; ? 0.33 9; 9,4 = , >.33 ?9.0+/;
#+;9 !!1 () > , .,,/ 9, / , >.33 ?9.0 ./4
T
7//7,4 , >.33 3., A 0.+00 9; ? !5%00 7./ . #+;9 !!1 (.) > .4+/; 4+7 ?9 >.33 , 7,+/.3 4,.+3 49.>+/; ? , 0.33 9; ? ;.3 /4 9?
>.33 +,3? ?/7,+/ .
9,+/; ,97,9 ?9 9? +/,.4 ? 9? ,9 +/ , +/,904+., .7 ,>/ , .9,= >.33 ? .7 /+,
#+;9 !!1 (4) S7,+/ A-A > , +,+/+/; ?9 , ,9 A 3.,9 7+3+/; . +/; 4 ?9 ,+ +/; ./4 .,,.74 , , 7+3+/; .,,/
#+;9 !!1 (7) . > ,., , ,9 #+;9 !!1 () > ,
043 4,.+3
3.,94 7+3+/;
T 0.,9+.3 ,.,
>9 4 ?9 , 9? ,9 >9
0.4 ? ,
70+/.,+/ ? C-7.//3 ,3
(3+;,->+;,
0.,9+.3) 9474 = , .0
70./= ,.,
9474 , IBS E/49 *.33
947, I/ ,+ >.= +,
7/0+7.33= 7/,97,4 ./4
+,4 ?9 IBS 0,4 ,., +//,4 , 947 , 7/,97,+/ 7,
REFERENCES INTER8IEWS MOHD SHAHRIN BIN ABDULLAH" PRO$ECT ENGINEER (2%16)" ARI TIMUR (KB) SDN BHD BOOKS
P$ONES (2%16)" ENDURO*ALL" *.33+/; S=,0 I/,.33.,+/ M./.3 "
DSYME (2%16)" ENDUROTRUSS RF/; S=,0 I/,.33.,+/ M./.3 "
P$ONES (2%16) ENDURO#RAME 庐 I/,.33.,+/ C7@3+, WEBSITES
,,:/49?9.070.0./?.7,9+/;ENDURO#RAME+34+/;=, 0
,,:>>>.+=.70+,9=,03
,,:>>>910.0=910.99,=3./;/+45'1
