DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE BME8P1-DESIGN AND FABRICATION PROJECT 2012-2013 A MAJOR- PROJECT REPORT Submitted by MUKUL KUMAR NIKHIL RANJAN RAJHANS NITESH KUMAR SONI PANKAJ KUMAR
U09ME112 U09ME122 U09ME125 U09ME129
In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree Of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Mrs. S. SUCHIRATHA ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING BHARATH UNIVERSITY CHENNAI-600073 MAY 2013 1
BHARTH INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BHARATH UNIVERSITY CHENNAI-600073 MAY 2013
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE(BME8P1)
Certified that this project report “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE” is the bonafide work of MUKUL KUMAR (U09ME112), NIKHIL RANJAN RAJHANS (U09ME122), NITESH KUMAR SONI (U09ME125),PANKAJ KUMAR (U09ME129) who carried out the project work under my supervision.
SIGNATURE
SIGNATURE
PROF. S. BALAGURU
Mrs. S. SUCHIRATHA
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
GUIDE
MECHANNICAL DEPARTMENT
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
BHARATH UNIVERSITY
MECHANICAL DEPATMENT
CHENNAI-73
BHARATH UNIVERSITY CHENNAI-73
2
LIST OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
TITLE
PAGE
ABSTRACT
5
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
6
LIST OF SYMBOLS
7
Study Of hydraulic crane
8
1.1 Introduction
8
1.2 Parts and Its Description
9
1.3 Different Types of Hydraulic Crane
12
1.4 Advantages of Hydraulic Crane
15
Relevant Theory
17
2.1 Design Work
17
2.2 Design Criteria
17
Manufacturing Process 3.1 Manufacturing
19 19
3.2 Assembly
19
Design Calculations
20
4.1Design Specification
20
3
4.2 Design of truck
20
4.3 Hydraulic System
21
5.
Bill of Materials
23
6.
Assembly Diagram
24
7.
Snapshots
26
8.
Conclusion
28
9.
References
29
4
ABSTRACT
In material handling, the cranes play a vital role in modern manufacturing industries. In our project we aim to fabricate a hydraulic operated floor crane for handling various kinds of materials. The hydraulic floor crane consists of truck, hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic tank, hydraulic hoses, DCV, beam and hooks. The beam one end is fixed to the truck and another end is attached to the hooks. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the horizontal arm. The hydraulic tank is pumping to the hose in upward direction. At the same time material is lifted with the help of hook and hydraulic cylinder released to the pressure valve so the material is unloaded. The material from one place goes to the other place with the help of hydraulic floor crane. The crane reduces the worker’s fatigue and increases the overall efficiency of production processes with good safety. The crane is fabricated with complete clear front, small compact frame, good reach, high lift and with low center of gravity. The crane has the capacity of lifting 10 kg with wide spread application in the shop floor. Thus the floor crane would serve as a safe and versatile model for material handling operations.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all we would like to thank our project guide Mrs. S.SUCHIRATHA, Assistant Professor, Mechanical engineering Department, Bharath University who has given valuable support during the course of our project by clarifying our doubts and guiding us with her novel ideas.
We would like to thank Prof. S. BALAGURU, Head of department, mechanical engineering, Bharath University.
We extend our sincere thanks to our Dean Dr. T.J.Prabhu Department of mechanical engineering for giving us this wonderful opportunity to work in desired area of interest.
We extend our sincere thanks to all teaching staff of mechanical engineering department, those who helped us in completing this project successfully.
Lastly we also thank the people who directly or indirectly gave us encouragement and support throughout the project.
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LIST OF SYMBOLS
SERIAL
SYMBOL
DESCRIPTION
1
ID
Inner diameter
2
PN
Power in kw
3
N
Motor speed in rpm
4
Q
Discharge in l/min
5
f
Frequency in Hz
6
IN
Current in ampere
7
l
Length of truck
8
b
Breadth of truck
9
H
Height of truck
10
W
Total weight
11
F
Fiber stress in bending
12
D
Depth of joist
13
L
Length of joist
14
ρ
Density of fluid at room temp.
15
A
Cross sectional area of hose
16
V
Velocity of fluid in hoses
NO.
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CHAPTER: 1 STUDY OF HYDRAULIC CRANE
1.1 Introduction A 'crane' is a type of machine, generally equipped with a hoist, wire ropes or chains, and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally. It is mainly used for lifting heavy things and transporting them to other places. It uses one or more simple machines to create mechanical advantage and thus move loads beyond the normal capability of a man. Cranes are commonly employed in the transport industry for the loading and unloading of freight, in the construction industry for the movement of materials and in the manufacturing industry for the assembling of heavy equipment. In material handling, the cranes play a vital role in modern manufacturing industries. Hydraulic cranes are heavy equipment used primarily for lifting.These Hydraulic floor Cranes, provide an efficient low cost alternative to other material handling equipment. Strong, robust, study and built to very standard. Laden, these cranes are manoeuvrable and loading, unloading and shifting of heavy load. Crane structure consists of chasis, vertical column, inner boom and outer boom, and the hydraulic pump with cylinder assembly. The box frame can take heavy loads effectively, avoids and damage under rough and unskilled handling. Inner and outer boom is suitably reinefoast the bow structure for better distribution of force. Inner boom has 3 locking points telescopes into the outer boom with 360° rotating forged steel hook. Moving on 4 Nos wheels, two wheels are fixed and two wheels are on swivel castors easy directional movement and all wheels are equipped with sealed ball bearing / tapper roller bearings for better mobility. 2 Nos screw disc ground arrested are provided to prevent movement when transfer of load track. The hydraulic crane was invented in Newcastle by William Armstrong in about 1845 to help load coal into barges at the Quayside. 8
1.2 Parts and descriptions of hydraulic floor crane 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Base plate/ Truck/Pallet Hydraulic tank Hydraulic hoses Direction control valve Vertical column Ball bearings Horizontal arm Secondary horizontal arm Hydraulic cylinder Hook Nuts and Bolts Wheels
1. Base plate/ Truck/Pallet:It is a plate that serves as a base or support. It is used for carrying the overall weight of the project. It is made of mild steel. In this 4 bars are welded by using Electric Arc Welding to give it a rectangular shape. It is made up of cast iron. 2. Hydraulic tank:- It is filled with engine oil. It consists of an A.C. Motor which is having four connections to the outside of the tank for connecting it to the power supply. The capacity of fuel tank is 4 litre.
3. Hydraulic hose:- These are for carrying the fluid (Engine Oil) from the hydraulic tank to the cylinder at the time of extending and from the cylinder to the hydraulic tank at the time of retraction. These can sustain fluid pressure in ranges from 180 bar – 350 bar. These are made of polymer material with mild steel nuts at the ends to fix it with the hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic tank. In our project we have four hoses for various applications. There are separate hoses for suction, pressure, flow, and return of fluid. 4. Direction control valve:- This is a Lever operated Direction Control Valve. This is used for controlling the direction of fluid flow in the 9
hydraulic hoses from hydraulic tank to hydraulic cylinder and vice-versa during arm extension and arm retraction simultaneously. 5. Vertical column:- This is mounted on the pallet/base plate/truck in longitudinal or Y-direction. It consists of a short handle which is welded to the vertical column for 360◦ rotation of the column so that the load can be dropped at the required position. It consists of roller bearing at the base in the circumferential manner to reduce friction at the time of rotating the vertical column. 6. Thrust ball bearings:- Ball bearings are called as ‘anti friction bearings’. This is a misnomer because friction is always present in such bearings, mainly owing to rolling resistance between the balls or rollers and the race. It carries the vertical thrust and axial load.
7. Horizontal arm:-It is fixed horizontal arm on which our hydraulic piston and cylinder is mounted. It is fixed with the vertical column with welded joint which can rotate with the rotating vertical column to 360° rotation. 8. Secondary horizontal arm:-It is horizontal arm which can move in up and down with the load or without the load. A is fixed to it through which we can attach the load. 9. Hydraulic cylinder: A Hydraulic cylinder (also called a linear hydraulic motor) is a mechanical actuator that is used to give a unidirectional force through a unidirectional stroke. Hydraulic cylinders get their power from pressurized hydraulic fluid, which is typically oil. The hydraulic cylinder 10
consists of a cylinder barrel, in which a piston connected to a piston rod moves back and forth.
10.Hook: Hook is fixed with the secondary horizontal arm. Hook is used for attaching the load to secondary horizontal arm which moves up and down due which the connected loads are lifted and rotates. 11.Nuts and Bolts: Nuts and bolts are the hardware fasteners which are used to fasten the various different parts .in our project we have used around
20 nut and bolts. 12.Wheels:- A wheel is a circular component that is intended to rotate on an axial bearing. The wheel is one of the main components of the wheel and axle which is one of the six simple machines. Wheels, in conjunction with axles, allow heavy objects to be moved easily facilitating movement or transportation while supporting a load, or performing labor in machines. In our project we are using four wheels of diameter 12cm.
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1.3Types of hydraulic crane:a. Truck Cranes b. Crawler-Mounted Cranes c. Overhead crane d. Tower Cranes
a. Truck Cranes:A crane mounted on a truck carrier provides the mobility for this type of crane. This crane has two parts: the carrier, often referred to as the Lower, and the lifting component which includes the boom, referred to as the Upper. These are mated together through a turntable, allowing the upper to swing from side to side. These modern hydraulic truck cranes are usually single-engine machines, with the same engine powering the undercarriage and the crane. The upper is usually powered via hydraulics run through the turntable from the pump mounted on the lower. In older model designs of hydraulic truck cranes, there were two engines. One in the lower pulled the crane down the road and ran a hydraulic pump for the outriggers and jacks. The one in the upper ran the upper through a hydraulic pump of its own. Many older operators favor the twoengine system due to leaking seals in the turntable of aging newer design cranes. Generally, these cranes are able to travel on highways, eliminating the need for special equipment to transport the crane unless weight or other size constrictions are in place such as local laws. If this is the case, most larger cranes are equipped with either special trailers to help spread the load over more axles or are able to disassemble to meet requirements. An example is counterweights. Often a crane will be followed by another truck hauling the counterweights that are removed for travel. In addition some cranes are able to remove the entire upper. However, this is usually only an issue in a large crane and mostly done with a conventional crane such as a Link-Belt HC-238. When working on the job site, outriggers are extended horizontally from the chassis then vertically to level and stabilize the crane while stationary and hoisting. Many truck cranes have slow-travelling capability (a few miles per hour) while suspending a load. Great care must be taken not to swing the load sideways from the direction of travel, as most anti-tipping stability then lies in the stiffness of the chassis suspension. Most cranes of this type also have moving counterweights for stabilization beyond that provided by the outriggers. Loads suspended directly aft are the most stable, since most of the weight of the crane acts as a counterweight. Factory-calculated charts (or electronic safeguards) are used by crane operators to determine the maximum safe loads for stationary (outriggered) work as well as (on-rubber) loads and travelling speeds. 12
b. Crawler-Mounted Cranes:A crawler is a crane mounted on an undercarriage with a set of tracks (also called crawlers) that provide stability and mobility. Crawler cranes range in lifting capacity from about 40 to 3,500 short tons (35.7 to 3,125.0 long tons; 36.3 to 3,175.1 t). Crawler cranes have both advantages and disadvantages depending on their use. Their main advantage is that they can move around on site and perform each lift with little set-up, since the crane is stable on its tracks with no outriggers. In addition, a crawler crane is capable of traveling with a load. The main disadvantage is that they are very heavy, and cannot easily be moved from one job site to another without significant expense. Typically a large crawler must be disassembled and moved by trucks, rail cars or ships to its next location. c. Overhead crane Overhead crane being used in typical machine shop. The hoist is operated via a wired pushbutton station to move system and the load in any direction. An overhead crane, also known as a bridge crane, is a type of crane where the hook-and-line mechanism runs along a horizontal beam that itself runs along two widely separated rails. Often it is in a long factory building and runs along rails along the building's two long walls. It is similar to a gantry crane. Overhead cranes typically consist of either a single beam or a double beam construction. These can be built using typical steel beams or a more complex box girder type. Pictured on the right is a single bridge box girder crane with the hoist and system operated with a control pendant. Double girder bridge are more typical when needing heavier capacity systems from 10 tons and above. The advantage of the box girder type configuration results in a system that has a lower deadweight yet a stronger overall system integrity. Also included would be a hoist to lift the items, the bridge, which spans the area covered by the crane, and a trolley to move along the bridge. The most common overhead crane use is in the steel industry. At every step of the manufacturing process, until it leaves a factory as a finished product, steel is handled by an overhead crane. Raw materials are poured into a furnace by crane, hot steel is stored for cooling by an overhead crane, the finished coils are lifted and loaded onto trucks and trains by overhead crane, and the fabricator or stamper uses an overhead crane to handle the steel in his factory. The automobile industry uses overhead cranes for handling of raw materials. Smaller workstation cranes handle lighter loads in a work-area, such as CNC mill or saw.
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Almost all paper mills use bridge cranes for regular maintenance requiring removal of heavy press rolls and other equipment. The bridge cranes are used in the initial construction of paper machines because they facilitate installation of the heavy cast iron paper drying drums and other massive equipment, some weighing as much as 70 tons.
d. Tower Cranes:Tower cranes are a modern form of balance crane that consist of the same basic parts. Fixed to the ground on a concrete slab (and sometimes attached to the sides of structures as well), tower cranes often give the best combination of height and lifting capacity and are used in the construction of tall buildings. The base is then attached to the mast which gives the crane its height. Further the mast is attached to the slewing unit (gear and motor) that allows the crane to rotate. On top of the slewing unit there are three main parts which are: the long horizontal jib (working arm), shorter counter-jib, and the operators cab. Tower crane cabin .The long horizontal jib is the part of the crane that carries the load. The counter-jib carries a counterweight, usually of concrete blocks, while the jib suspends the load to and from the center of the crane. The crane operator either sits in a cab at the top of the tower or controls the crane by radio remote control from the ground. In the first case the operator's cab is most usually located at the top of the tower attached to the turntable, but can be mounted on the jib, or partway down the tower. The lifting hook is operated by the crane operator using electric motors to manipulate wire rope cables through a system of sheaves. The hook is located on the long horizontal arm to lift the load which also contains its motor. A tower crane rotates on its axis before lowering the lifting hook.In order to hook and unhook the loads, the operator usually works in conjunction with a signaller (known as a 'dogger', 'rigger' or 'swamper'). They are most often in radio contact, and always use hand signals. The rigger or dogger directs the schedule of lifts for the crane, and is responsible for the safety of the rigging and loads. The Component of Tower Crane:Tower Cranes are used extensively in construction and other industry to hoist and move materials. There are many types of tower cranes. Although they are different in type, the main parts are the same, as follows: 1. Mast The mast is the main supporting tower of the crane. It is made of steel trussed sections that are connected together during installation. 2. Slewing Unit
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The slewing unit sits at the top of the mast. This is the engine that enables the crane to rotate. 3. Operating Cabin The operating cabin sits just above the slewing unit. It contains the operating controls. 4. Jib The jib, or operating arm, extends horizontally from the crane. A "luffing" jib is able to move up and down; a fixed jib has a rolling trolley that runs along the underside to move goods horizontally. 5. Hook The hook (or hooks) is used to connect the material to the crane. It hangs at the end of thick steel cables that run along the jib to the motor. 6. Weights Large concrete counterweights are mounted toward the rear of the mast, to compensate for the weight of the goods lifted. A tower crane is usually assembled by a telescopic jib (mobile) crane of greater reach (also see "self-erecting crane" below) and in the case of tower cranes that have risen while constructing very tall skyscrapers, a smaller crane (or derrick) will often be lifted to the roof of the completed tower to dismantle the tower crane afterwards, which may be more difficult than the installation.
1.4 ADVANTAGES:1. Most powerful means of lifting objects:It is one of the most powerful means of lifting objects is with the strength of a hydraulic crane. By harnessing the strength that liquid under pressure gives, and the ease with which it can be used, it is possible to transfer a relatively small amount of effort from one place to another, and hydraulic cranes are amongst the most efficient lifting systems available in the modern workplace. 2. Extremely stable in use:Because the hydraulic cranes use a fixed system of pipes, constant pressure can be maintained once a part of the system has been moved into place, and this makes them extremely stable in use, and able to support relatively large weights. 15
3. Very easy to maintain:Hydraulic cranes are amongst the simplest systems that you can use within any industrial process, and are very easy to maintain. Provided that all the pumps and pistons are regularly checked for any leaks, and potential stress points where the levers are supported are inspected for damage, the crane will continue to operate completely reliably for long periods of time. 4. A very versatile tool:Most hydraulic cranes are comparatively light weight, and the ease with which they can be moved from one area to another within the factory or distribution center, makes them a very versatile tool with lots of uses on a day to day basis. From simple loading jobs in your loading bay area where the portable hydraulic cranes can be used to lift objects into a waiting truck to more complex jobs within the main factory, the lifts will come in very useful. 5. Quite simple Design:A hydraulic system works with a system of pumps and pistons that are filled with a liquid, usually a light oil or water. By moving the liquid under pressure from the pumps, pistons can be extended or reduced, and when these pistons are connected to a system of levers, the pistons can be used to lift surprisingly heavy weights.
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CHAPTER-2 RELEVANT THEORY 2.1 DESIGN WORK The designing work was carried out using CATIA software. The required dimensions of the driver and the driven wheels were taken as per the design equations. CATIA is the most widely used design software's which helps in designing 2 as well as 3 dimensional models using simplified alphabetical and numerical commands. Both the driving and the driven wheels were drawn to the required dimensions using the circle command. A slot was cut on the Geneva wheel using the trim tool. It was then edited using polyline command and the remaining slots were constructed using the array tool. The crank pin and the driving wheel were drawn to the required dimensions 2.2 DESIGN CRITERIA:There are three major considerations in the design of cranes. 1. The crane must be able to lift the weight of the load; 2. The crane must not topple; 3. The crane must not rupture. Lifting capacity:The lifting capacity of hydraulic crane mainly depends on following. 1. The lever:- A balance crane contains a horizontal beam (the lever) pivoted about a point called the fulcrum. The principle of the lever allows a heavy load attached to the shorter end of the beam to be lifted by a smaller force applied in the opposite direction to the longer end of the beam. The ratio of the load's weight to the applied force is equal to the ratio of the lengths of the longer arm and the shorter arm, and is called the mechanical advantage. 2. The pulley:- A jib crane contains a tilted strut (the jib) that supports a fixed pulley block. Cables are wrapped multiple times round the fixed block and round another block attached to the load. When the free end of the cable is pulled by hand or by a winding machine, the pulley system delivers a force to 17
the load that is equal to the applied force multiplied by the number of lengths of cable passing between the two blocks. This number is the mechanical advantage. 3. The hydraulic cylinder:- This can be used directly to lift the load or indirectly to move the jib or beam that carries another lifting device. Cranes, like all machines, obey the principle of conservation of energy. This means that the energy delivered to the load cannot exceed the energy put into the machine. For example, if a pulley system multiplies the applied force by ten, then the load moves only one tenth as far as the applied force. Since energy is proportional to force multiplied by distance, the output energy is kept roughly equal to the input energy (in practice slightly less, because some energy is lost to friction and other inefficiencies). The same principle can operate in reverse. In case of some problem, the combination of heavy load and great height can accelerate small objects to tremendous speed. Such projectiles can result in severe damage to nearby structures and people. Cranes can also get in chain reactions; the rupture of one crane may in turn take out nearby cranes. Cranes need to be watched carefully.
Stability:For stability, the sum of all moments about any point such as the base of the crane must equate to zero. In practice, the magnitude of load that is permitted to be lifted (called the "rated load" in the US) is some value less than the load that will cause the crane to tip (providing a safety margin). Standards for cranes mounted on ships or offshore platforms are somewhat stricter because of the dynamic load on the crane due to vessel motion. Additionally, the stability of the vessel or platform must be considered. For stationary pedestal or kingpost mounted cranes, the moment created by the boom, jib, and load is resisted by the pedestal base or kingpost. Stress within the base must be less than the yield stress of the material or the crane will fail.
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CHAPTER: 3 MANUFACTURING PROCESS 3.1 Manufacturing:The hydraulic crane which was manufactured has 12 parts. They are Base plate/ Truck/Pallet, Hydraulic tank, Hydraulic hoses, Direction control valve, Vertical column, Ball bearings, Horizontal arm, Secondary horizontal arm, Hydraulic cylinder, Roller, Hook, Nuts and Bolts, Wheels. Base plates are made of caste iron metal rod. The rods are cut according to the dimensions and they are welded using metal arc welding. Then bearing was selected according to the thrust and axial load and vertical column are fitted on the bearing so that it can rotate to a 360°.The fixed horizontal arm is welded. And secondary horizontal arm was fixed with hook. Hydraulic system are selected according to the power required and capacity of tank. 3.2 Assembly:1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Arrangement of four wheels on the four the base plate. Assembly of fixture for holding the bearing and the vertical column. Assembly of secondary horizontal arm on fixed horizontal arm. Assembly of hydraulic tank on the base plate. Assembly of fixture for directional control valve. Assembly of hydraulic piston on the fixed horizontal arm. Connection of hoses with the piston, directional control valve, and the fuel tank.
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CHAPTER :4 DESIGN CALAULATIONS 4.1 DESIGN SPECIFICATION:1. Polyhose : Inner diameter(ID)=3/8˝ Working pressure= 350bar(5000psi) 2. Lever operated Direction Control Valve: Polyhydron 4DL06 SGS-02.5 3. Hydraulic Tank: PN = 0.75 kw N= 1420 rev/min Q= 2.5 l/min
12/11
UN= 380 Y V IN= 2,2 A f= 50 Hz
4. Wheel: B Triopines 5 X1 3/16 5. Truck:Length of truck=65cm=0.65m Breadth of truck=45cm=0.45m Height of vertical column=100cm=1m
4.2 DESIGN OF TRUCK 1. Calculation of floor load :Floor load is a measure of pressure on the floor of truck. It is necessary to avoid the catastrophic failure. Total weight= 20kg Length= 65cm= 0.65m Breadth= 45cm= 0.45m
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Floor load= total weight/total floor area = W/(l*b) =20/ (0.65*0.45) = 68.37kg/m2 or 68.37 N
2. Calculation of floor capacity:Beam strength formula:Maximum load in the beam= FBD2/9L; Where:F- Fiber stress in bending, usually F=1000 N/m2 B- Breadth of floor= 0.45m D- Depth of joist= 0.76m L- Length of joist= 0.16m Maximum load in beam= (1000*0.45*0.762)/(9*0.16) = 180.5 N/m2
4.3 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM HYDRAULIC POWER:1. Power input =[speed(rev/min)*pump displacement(cc/rev) *pressure(bar)*100]/[600*motor efficiency(%)] =[1420*1*350*100]/[600*90] =920watt 2. Flow = [motor speed(rev/min)*pump displacement(cc/rev)]/1000 =1420*1.76/1000 =2.1cc/min
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3. Shaft torque = [pump displacement (cc/min)*pressure (bar)]/[20*P*I*3.142] =[1.73*350]/[20*920*3.142] =53N-m 4. Power out =[speed(rev/min)*pump displacement(cc/min)*pressure(bar)*100]/600 =[1420*1.73*350*100]/600 =830watt 5 Fluid velocity in hose Continuity equation:-
Q= ρAV Q = ρ*(πd2/4)*V V= [(Q*4)/(ρ*πd2)] =[(2.5*4)/(899*π*0.012)] = 35.40 m/s
Density of fluid at room temperature = ρ= 899 kg/m3
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CHAPTER : 5 BILL OF MATERIALS
SERIAL NO.
NAME
QUANTITY RATE(Rs.)
TOTAL AMOUNT
1.
HYDRAULIC TANK
1
6000
6000
2.
HYDRAULIC CYLINDER HYDRAULIC HOSES
1
5000
5000
4
250
1000
1000
1000
5.
DIRECTION CONTROL 1 VALVE BALL BEARINGS 1
500
500
6.
WHEELS
4
125
500
7.
WHEEL BEARINGS
4
125
500
8.
WELDING
20
50
1000
9.
LABOUR CHARGE
1
1000
1000
10.
METAL COST(MS)
8KG
50
400
11
TRANSPORTATION
2000
2000
12
NAME PLATE
1
350
350
13
NUTS AND BOLTS
20
25
500
14
ENGINE OIL
5
250
1250
3. 4.
TOTAL AMOUNT SPENT
Rs.21000
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CHAPTERS:6 ASSEMBLY DIAGRAM
ISOMETRIC VIEW OF HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE
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FRONT VIEW OF HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE
25
CHAPTER: 7 SNAP SHOTS
SNAPSHOTS OF ASSEMBLED VIEW AND INDIVIDUAL PARTS
26
SNAPSHOT OF HYRAULIC FLOOR CRANE
SNAPSHOT OF HYDRAULIC PISTON-CYLINDER ASSEMBLY
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CHAPTER: 8 CONCLUSION The aim of our project was to build a fully functional HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE mechanism which is capable of lifting load up to 10 kg . We accurately achieved our first goal of lifting the load and 360° rotary motion of the vertical column . We feel that our design and fabrication was a great success both in terms of strength and stiffness. Our project weighed 20kg which is capable of lifting load up to 10kg using hydraulic power.
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CHAPTER: 9 REFERENCES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
DR. T. J. PRABHU (2010) ‘A text book of Design of Transmission Elements’. Design data book- PSG Collage of Technology www.e4training.com www.freepatentsonline.com www.howstuffworks.com
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