Maquinaria Equipo y de Construcción
CIV-247
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
INGENIERIA, UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN ANDRES. ESTE TRABAJO FUE REALIZADO EN LA MATERIA DE MAQUINARIA Y EQUIPO DE CONSTRUCCION ,DE LA FACULTAD DE
EL TRABAJO FUE ELABORADO BAJO LA CONDUCCION DEL Ing. José Lus
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
INDICE (. )ISTORIA DE LA MAQUINARIA Y EQUIPO DE ( CONSTRUCCION ............................................................... ( *. CLASIFICACION DE LA ( MAQUINARIA...................................................................................................... + M-un P#s/..................................................................................................................... ( *.( ... + M-un S#"0#s/o ............................................................................................................ ( *.* ... 1 E-u0o L3no .................................................................................................................... ( *.2 ........... 1 V#'5&u6os P#s/os .................................................................................................................. ( *.4 ....... 1 V#'5&u6os S#"0#s/os .......................................................................................................... ( *.7 ....... 1 V#'5&u6os L3nos .................................................................................................................. ( *.+ ....... 1 V#'5&u6os s#g8n #6 nu"#o /# ( *.1 #9#s ................................................................................................ : S#g8n 6 ;u#n%# /# ( *.: En#g5 ............................................................................................................ < S#g8n #6 ss%#" /# ( *.< %s6&!n....................................................................................................... < S#g8n 6s o0#&on#s -u# * *.(= #6$n ............................................................................................... = )#"#n%s * *.(( "#no#s.................................................................................................................. = *.((.( Ss%#"s > M-un * Co"06#"#n% ................................................................................ ( *.((.* E-u0o /# T?9o /# 6os * O0#os........................................................................................ * 2. E@&3/os ...................................................................................................................... * .................... * D#n&!n................................................................................................................ * 2.( ...................... * O0#&on#s ........................................................................................................... * 2.* ....................... * Es-u#" ................................................................................................................ * 2.2 ....................... 2 A06&&on#s ........................................................................................................... * 2.4 ....................... 2 T0os ....................................................................................................................... * 2.7 ...................... 4 E@&3/o No"6 /# * 2.7.( Cu&'.............................................................................................. 4 E@&3/o o 06 &g/o &on * 2.7.* u#/s................................................................................ 7
E@&3/o /# * Mo/$s ....................................................................................................... 7 E@&3/os D# * 2.7.4 Roso ......................................................................................................... 7 E@&3/o /# %"?o * 2.7.7 No"6............................................................................................... 7 Gn #@&3/o /# * 2.7.+ "n#5 .................................................................................................. + P#-u#s M-uns * 2.7.1 E@&3/os........................................................................................... + Tns0o%#............................................................................................................... * 2.7.2
2.+ Mn%#n"#n%o ....................................................................................................... ...................... 1 * 2.1 ...................... 1 S#gu// In/us%6................................................................................................................. * 2.: ...... : Univ. Richard Mamani .
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
M#/o A"?#n%# ................................................................................................................ 2.< ........... Po3##/o#s > 2.(= M&s ................................................................................................................... R#%o#@&3/o............................................................................................................. 4. ...................... D#n&!n................................................................................................................ 4.( ...................... O0#&on#s ........................................................................................................... 4.* .......................
* : * : * < * < * <
Es-u#" ................................................................................................................ ....................... A06&&on#s ........................................................................................................... 4.4 ....................... T0os ....................................................................................................................... 4.7 ...................... R#%o#@&3/o 4.7.( M@%.......................................................................................................... R#%o ................................................................................................................. 4.7.* ........... Tns0o%#............................................................................................................... 4.+ ...................... Mn%#n"#n%o ....................................................................................................... 4.1 ...................... S#gu// In/us%6.................................................................................................................
* < 2 = 2 = 2 (
4.:
* 2 2 2 2
4.2
...... M#/o "?#n%#................................................................................................................. 4.< ........... Po3##/o#s > 4.(= M&s ................................................................................................................... Dgs > Dg6ns ...................................................................................................................... 7. ......... D#n&!n................................................................................................................ 7.( ...................... O0#&on#s ........................................................................................................... 7.* ....................... Es-u#" ................................................................................................................ 7.2 ....................... A06&&on#s ........................................................................................................... 7.4 ....................... T0os ....................................................................................................................... 7.7 ...................... Dgs )/u6&s ........................................................................................................ 7.7.( ......... Dgs M#&n&s ......................................................................................................... 7.7.* ......... Tns0o%#............................................................................................................... 7.+ ......................
2 ( 2 * 2 * 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 7 2 1 2 1 2 : 2 :
Mn%#n"#n%o ....................................................................................................... ...................... S#gu// In/us%6................................................................................................................. 7.: ...... M#/o "?#n%#................................................................................................................. 7.< ........... Po3##/o#s > 7.(= M&s ................................................................................................................... +. T&%o#s &on )o9 /#
2 :
E"0u9#............................................................................................................... D#n&!n................................................................................................................ ...................... O0#&on#s ........................................................................................................... +.* ....................... Es-u#" ................................................................................................................ +.2 ....................... A06&&on#s ........................................................................................................... +.4 .......................
< 2 < 4 = 4 = 4 =
7.1
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
T0os ........................................................................................................................ 4 ..................... = Po #6 ss%#" /# 4 +.7.( %s6&!n ................................................................................................... = D# +.7.(. Ougs ........................................................................................................... 4 ( ............... = D# +.7.(. u#/s ............................................................................................................ 4 * .............. ( Po 6 ;o" #n -u# "u#3# su 4
+.7
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'o9........................................................................................ O% &6s&&!n s#g8n &%#066 ........................................................................................ A&soos A/&on6#s...................................................................................................... +.7.4 ..... Tns0o%#................................................................................................................. +.+ .................... Mn%#n"#n%o ......................................................................................................... +.1 .................... S#gu// In/us%6................................................................................................................... +.: .... M#/o A"?#n%# ................................................................................................................. +.< .......... +.( Po3##/o#s >
( 4 *
= T66s M&s > ................................................................................................................... Mo%o%66s.................................................................................................................. 1. .......... D#n&!n.................................................................................................................. 1.( .................... O0#&on#s ............................................................................................................. 1.* ..................... Es-u#" .................................................................................................................. 1.2 ..................... A06&&on#s ............................................................................................................. 1.4 ..................... T0os ........................................................................................................................ 1.7 ..................... Tns0o%#................................................................................................................. 1.+ .................... Mn%#n"#n%o ......................................................................................................... 1.1 .................... S#gu// n/us%6................................................................................................................... 1.: .... M#/o A"?#n%# ................................................................................................................. 1.< .......... 1.( Po3##/o#s > = M&s ................................................................................................................... :. Cg/os Fon%6#s .....................................................................................................................
7 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 1 4 : 4 : 4 <
+.7.2
4 * 4 2 4 2 4 4 4 7 4
4 < 4 < 7 = 7 =
....... D#n&!n.................................................................................................................. :.( .................... O0#&on#s ............................................................................................................. :.* ..................... Es-u#" .................................................................................................................. :.2 ..................... A06&&on#s ............................................................................................................. :.4 ..................... T0os ........................................................................................................................
7 = 7 = 7 ( 7 ( 7
:.7 Tns0o%#................................................................................................................. ..................... 7 * :.+ .................... * Mn%#n"#n%o ......................................................................................................... 7 :.1 .................... * S#gu// n/us%6................................................................................................................... 7 :.: .... 2 M#/o A"?#n%# ................................................................................................................. 7 :.< .......... 4 Univ. Richard Mamani .
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
:.( =
Po3##/o#s > M&s ................................................................................................................... <. Un//#s /# A&#o o Tns0o%# ........................................................................................................ D#n&!n.................................................................................................................. <.( .................... O0#&on#s ............................................................................................................. <.* ..................... Es-u#" .................................................................................................................. <.2 ..................... A06&&on#s .............................................................................................................
7 4 7 4 7 4 7 4 7 7 7
<.4
..................... T0os ........................................................................................................................ ..................... # U?n............................................................................................................ <.7.( .............. # Ru6................................................................................................................ <.7.* .............. C"on#s <.7.*. A%&u6/os...................................................................................................... ( ... <.7.*.* C"on#s ;u# /# &#%#. TRU ................................................................................. Tns0o%#................................................................................................................. <.+ .................... Mn%#n"#n%o .........................................................................................................
+ 7 +
<.1
1 7 :
<.7
.................... S#gu// In/us%6................................................................................................................... <.: .... Mé/o A"?#n%# ................................................................................................................. <.< .......... <.( Po3##/o#s > = M&s ................................................................................................................... E-u0os /# Co"0&%&!n .......................................................................................................... (=. ....... (=. D#n&!n.................................................................................................................. ( .................... Ens>os /# &o"0&%&!n ................................................................................................. (=.(.( ..... Con%o6 /# &o"0&%&!n #n #6 (=.(.* &"0o ................................................................................... Ens>o /# &o"0&%&!n (=.(.2 Nu&6#........................................................................................... Ens>o G#oGug#....................................................................................................... (=.(.4 ........... En#g5 /# &o"0&%&!n #n #6 (=.(.7 &"0o ................................................................................... Cn%// /# gu (=.(.+ #-u#/ ...................................................................................................
7 + 7 1 7 1 7 1 7 1 7
7 < 7 < + = + = + ( + * + * + 2 + 2 + 2
(=. O0#&on#s ............................................................................................................. + * ..................... 4 (=. Es-u#" .................................................................................................................. + 2 ..................... 4 (=. A06&&on#s ............................................................................................................. + 4 ..................... 4 E6#&&!n /# "-un 0 6 + (=.4.( &o"0&%&!n........................................................................ 4 (=. T0os ........................................................................................................................ + 7 ..................... 7 Ro/66o 6so ................................................................................................................. ............ Ro/66os #s0#&6#s &on (=.7.* s6#n%#s ............................................................................................ Ro/66o 6so 3?%oo ........................................................................................................ (=.7.2 ..... Ro/66o n#u"%&o....................................................................................................... (=.7.4 ........... (=.7.(
Univ. Richard Mamani .
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
(=.7. 7
Co"0&%/o#s /# "0&%o ................................................................................................... Ds&os (=.7. &o"0&%/o#s .................................................................................................. + ......... P6n&' (=.7. &o"0&%/o..................................................................................................... 1 ...... M%66os (=.7. &o"0&%/o#s .................................................................................................. : ..... (=. + (=. 1
+ 1 + : + : + :
Tns0o%#.............................................................................................................. ....................... Mn%#n"#n%o ...................................................................................................... ....................... S#gu// (=. In/us%6................................................................................................................ : ....... M#/o (=. A"?#n%# ............................................................................................................... < ............ (=.( Po3##/o#s > = M&s ............................................................................................................... Mo%on3#6/os ...................................................................................................... ((. ......................... ((. D#n&on............................................................................................................... ( ....................... ((. O0#&on#s ..........................................................................................................
+ < + <
* ........................ ((. Es-u#" ............................................................................................................... 2 ........................ ((. A06&&on#s .......................................................................................................... 4 ........................ ((. T0os ...................................................................................................................... 7 ....................... ((. Tns0o%#.............................................................................................................. + ....................... ((. Mn%#n"#n%o ...................................................................................................... 1 ....................... S#gu// ((. In/us%6................................................................................................................ : ....... M#/o ((. A"?#n%# ............................................................................................................... < ............ ((.( Po3##/o#s > = M&s............................................................................................................... O%os E-u0os..................................................................................................................... (*. ............... (*. F#s/o ............................................................................................................... ( ....................... (*. Tun#6/o ............................................................................................................. * ....................... (*. As;6%/o o E@%#n/#/o /# 2 Ag6o"#/o....................................................................................
( 1 ( 1 * 1 2 1 2 1 2
+ < 1 = 1 = 1 ( 1 ( 1
1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 7 1 7
(*. 4 (*. 7 (*. + (*. 1 (*. : (*. < ............................................................
(*.( = (*.( (
P3"#n%/o ...................................................................................................... 1 ........................ + M-uns 0 T?9os #n 1 Ro& .................................................................................................. 1 C"on u%o ?o"? 0 #6 'o"gon/o /# #s%u&%us &u6-u# 1 6%u ................................. 1 P6n% /# #6?o&!n /# 1 /os..................................................................................................... : Tns0o%#s #s0#&6#s 0o &#%# /# gn/#s #-u0os > 1 "-uns ........................................... : T&%o &"on 6oH 1 ?o> ................................................................................................................ < 1 < Zn9/os.......................................................................................................... 1 ....................... < Co "#s%n$ o /# : '#"#n%s ......................................................................................... = Univ. Richard Mamani .
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
(*.(*
(*.(2 (*.(4
C"!n /# &o"?us%?6# ...................................................................................................... ....... C"on#s &ns%.............................................................................................................. ........ C"!n "#$&6/o "@# ...........................................................................................................
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B?6og;5................................................................................................................ : ........................ (
INDICE DE FIGURAS FIGURA (( PRIMERA NIVELADORA .................................................................................................................................... FIGURA (*PRIMER BULDOZER ........................................................................................................................................ ... FIGURA (2PRIMERAS COMPACTORAS............................................................................................................................... FIGURA (4 EKCAVADORA DE VAPOR BUCYRUS................................................................................................................. FIGURA (7 EMBARCACIONES DE DRAGADO...................................................................................................................... FIGURA *()ERRAMIENTAS MENORES............................................................................................................................... FIGURA ** EQUIPO DE TRABAJO ....................................................................................................................................... FIGURA 2( EKVADORA SOBRE RUEDAS ............................................................................................................................. FIGURA 2*EKCAVADORA SOBRE ORUGAS ......................................................................................................................... FIGURA 22EKCAVADORA O PALA CARGADORA CON RUEDAS........................................................................................... FIGURA 24EKCAVADORA DE MORDAZAS .......................................................................................................................... FIGURA 27 EKCAVADORA DE TAMBOR NORMAL .............................................................................................................. FIGURA 2+ EKCAVADORA DE MINERA ..............................................................................................................................
( *
FIGURA 21PEQUEAS MAQUINAS EKCAVADORAS ........................................................................................................... FIGURA 2:EKCAVADORA MAS GRANDE DEL MUNDO....................................................................................................... FIGURA 4*PARTES RETREKCAVADORA ........................................................................................................................... ... FIGURA 4 (RETROEKCAVADORA....................................................................................................................... .................. FIGURA 42RETROEKCAVADORA SOBRE ORUGA ................................................................................................................ FIGURA 44RETROEKCAVADORA SOBRE RUEDAS ............................................................................................................... FIGURA 47RETROEKCAVADORA MIKTA ............................................................................................................................. FIGURA 4+RETRO ARAA............................................................................................................................................... .... FIGURA 7(PARTES DE UNA DRAGA.................................................................................................................................... FIGURA 7* PARTES DRAGALINA........................................................................................................................................ .
* + * :
( * ( 4 ( 7 ( + * = * * * 2 * 2 * 7 * 7 * 7 * +
* < * < 2 = 2 = 2 ( 2 ( 2 4 2 7
FIGURA 72REMOCIN DEL ESTRIL PARA MOSTRAR LAS VETAS DE CARBN .................................................................. FIGURA 74 CONSTRUCCIN DE OLEODUCTOS .................................................................................................................. FIGURA 77 DRAGA CON TOLVA OPERANDO EN LA PROFUNDIZACIN DE EL CANAL DE PANAM .................................. FIGURA 71DRAGADO Y BOMBEO EN BAJAS PROFUNDIDADES ......................................................................................... FIGURA 7: DRAGA DE CORTADOR AMAZONE ................................................................................................................... FIGURA 7+ DRAGA )IDRULICA ...................................................................................................................................... .. FIGURA 7(= DRAGA DE ARRASTRE .................................................................................................................................... Univ. Richard Mamani .
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
FIGURA <+ CAMIN ARTICULADO FIGURA 7< DRAGA MECNICA
2:
FIGURA +(TRACTOR CON )OJA DE EMPUJE 2< FIGURA +* PARTES TRACTOR CON )OJA DE EMPUJE TOPADORA 4=
FIGURA <1 CAMIN TRU
71
71
FIGURA (=( PARTES COMPACTADORA
+4
FIGURA (=* CLASIFICACION GENERAL DE COMPACTADORES +7 FIGURA (=2 RODILLO LISO DE UN SOLO EJE +7
FIGURA +4 TILDOZER,ANGLEDOZER 4(
FIGURA (=7COMPACTADOR DE PISONES
++
FIGURA +2TRACTOR CON )OJA DE EMPUJE SOBRE RUEDAS 4(
FIGURA (=4RODILLO PATA DE CABRA
++
FIGURA +7)OJA DE EMPUJE SEMIUNIVERSAL 4* FIGURA ++TRACTOR CON ESCARIFICADOR 42 FIGURA 1( PARTES MOTOTRAILLA
4+
FIGURA (=+ RODILLO LISO VIBRATORIO EN TANDEM O DE DOS EJES. +1 FIGURA (=1 COMPACTADOR NEUMTICO DE DOSEJES +1 FIGURA (=: COMPACTADOR DE IMPACTO DE TRES LADOS +1
FIGURA :( PARTES CARGADORA FRONTAL 7(
FIGURA (=<COMPACTADORES DE PISONES MANUAL A CONTROL REMOTO. +:
FIGURA :*CARGADORA FRONTAL SOBRE ORUGAS 7*
FIGURA (=(=PLANC)A COMPACTADOR VIBRATORIA +:
FIGURA :2 CARGADORA FRONTAL SOBRE RUEDAS 7*
FIGURA (=((MARTILLO COMPACTADOR MANUAL +<
FIGURA :4 CARGADORA FRONTAL CON CUC)ARA POR DEBAJO 7*
FIGURA ((( PARTES MOTONIVELADORA FIGURA ((*MOTONIVELADORA DE DOS RUEDAS 12
FIGURA <( OPERACIONES DUMPER 74 FIGURA <* PARTES VOLQUETA
77
FIGURA <2 CAMIN DE TRANSPORTE 7+ FIGURA <4 TRACTO CAMIN 7+ FIGURA <7 CAMIN VOLQUETA
7+
FIGURA ((2MOTONIVELADORA DE CUATRO RUEDAS 12 FIGURA ((4MOTONIVELADORA DE CUATRO EJES 12 FIGURA (*( FRESADORA
14
FIGURA (** TUNELADORA
17
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
ARIDOS FIGURA (*2 ASFALTADORA
1+
FIGURA (*4PAVIMENTADORA1+ FIGURA (*7MAQUINAS PARA TRABAJOS EN ROCA 11
1:
FIGURA (*:TRANSPORTE ESPECIAL 1< FIGURA (*< LO BOY FIGURA (*(=ZANJADORA
1< 1<
FIGURA (*(* CAMION COMBUSTIBLE
:=
FIGURA (*+ CAMION AUTO BOMBA PARA )ORMIGON 11
FIGURA (*((CARRO DE )ERRAMIENTAS
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FIGURA (*1 PLANTA DE ELABORACION DE
FIGURA (*(2CAMION CANASTA FIGURA (*(4 CAMIN MIKER:(
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
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Maquinaria Equipo y de Construcción
CIV-247
FIGURA 1-1: Primera Nivela!ra
Nivela!ra
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Maquinaria Equipo y de Construcción
CIV-247
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Maquinaria Equipo y de Construcción
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Univ. Richard Mamani .
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
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Maquinaria Equipo y de Construcción
CIV-247
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
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Maquinaria y Equipo de Co nstrucción CIV-247
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