CHAPTER I
INTODUCTION Tires are a huge headache when it comes to waste management and recycling, but there are clever DIY ways that each of us can reuse and recycle them and save them from entering the environment or taking up space in our landfills. Most Most stud studie ies s indi indica cate te that that tire tires s will will slow slowly ly leac leach h toxi toxic c chem chemic ical als s into into the the surrounding environment, but many of these studies describe longterm effects when exposed to the elements. It!s probably a good idea to refrain from using them to plant edible plants, but many other applications should be "#, especially if they will be covered in some way or won!t be touched too often. In order to improve one$s business, it is expected for the businessmen to seek the best possible ways to progress his company. "ne of the most common techni%ues of developing business in order to trump in the competition is improving management and cutting off expenses, which can be best achieved through lean systems strategies. &ndoflife &ndoflife tires constitute constitute one of the biggest environmental environmental concerns in terms of environmental pollution and resources conservation. They may cause fire ha'ard, trap rain water creating potential breeding grounds for mos%uitoes, and occupy large volume in landfills. (esides, they have a virtually unlimited life span and need long time for natural degradation due to the crosslinked structure of rubbers and the presence of stabili'ers. Tire ingredients include rubber )natural and synthetic*, reinforcing chemicals )carbon black and silica*, oils, processing aids, resins, vulcani'ing agents, activators, and accelerators. The principal alternatives for managing scrap tires are commonly referred to as the four +s )+s*- reduction, reuse, recycling, and energy recovery. +eduction can be achieved by technological developments in tire design and materials that prolong the tire life span and decrease its weight. owever this alternative is not used in &gypt due to technical problems and big research investments. /s for reuse, some markets have been developed for reusing whole scrap tires. They are reused as
crash barriers in roads, car races, in maritime ports and as new tires for old cars and for carts. /s regards recycling, about 01213 of tire weight is rubber )natural or synthetic* and carbon black found mainly in the tread, sidewall, and inner liner compounds of the tire tire . +ecy +ecycli cling ng altern alternat ative ives s inclu include de retrea retread, d, pyrol pyrolys ysis, is, rubb rubber er modif modified ied aspha asphalt, lt, compacting rubberi'ed concrete, shredding, crumbing, and reclaiming. 4rumbing is a procedure in which scrap tire is converted into 5crumb rubber5 through removing steel belts, bead wire, and fabrics and produce tire chips . Tire chips are processed to produce finer particle si'es and super fine powder that will be able to chemically bond with the virgin rubber in the vulcani'ation process. +ecl +eclaim aimed ed rubber rubber and and crumb crumb rubb rubber er are valua valuable ble prod product ucts s that that are are used used in the the production of new tires. They also lower power consumption as a result of shorter mixing cycles and reduction of shrinking during extrusion and calendaring.6hen you think about it, a tire is a perfect place to rest your feet.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY /n ottoman is a form of furniture which usually has a head but no back, though some so meti time mes s it ha has s ne neit ithe herr. It ma may y ha have ve s% s%ua uare re or ci circ rcle le,, an and d as a ru rule le it is wh what at upho up hols lste tere rers rs ca call ll 7s 7stu tuff ffed ed ov over er88 th that at is to sa say y no wo wood od is vi visi sibl ble. e. It is a pi piec ece e of furnitur furniture e consisting consisting of a padded, upholstere upholstered d seat or bench, bench, usually having neither a back ba ck no norr ar arms ms,, of ofte ten n us used ed as a st stoo ool, l, fo foot otst stoo ooll or or,, in so some me ca case ses, s, as a co coff ffee ee table. "ttomans are often sold as coordinating furniture with armchairs or gliders. /n ottoman can also be known as a footstool, hassock, hassock, pouf or pouffe. pouffe. Many ottomans are hollow and used for storage. "ttomans can be used in many rooms- they can be used in the bedroom, gaming room, family room and guest room. 9eather and bench ottomans are used as alternatives alternatives to sofas. sofas. This rope ottoman is the perfect perfect weekend pro:ect pro:ect if you are in need of something new and exciting for inside the house. You will need a round board of some sort to create the top and then you basically :ust add the rope to cover the entire thing. It makes a beautifully rustic looking ottoman that is perfect for
indoor use or you could add it to your outdoor d;cor as well if you want. It$s %uite easy to do and takes very few materials.
DEFINITION OF TERMS Ottoman a low piece of furniture that has a soft top and that you can put your
feet on when you are sitting, floor plan homes that share seating with more than one area.
protect it and enable better vehicle performance. Most tires, such as those for automobiles and bicycles, provide traction between the vehicle and the road while providing a flexible cushion that absorbs shock. Twine or Rope is a group of yarns, plies, or strands that are twisted
or braided together into a larger and stronger form. +opes have tensile strength and so can be used for dragging and lifting, but are too flexible to provide compressive strength. All Purpose Contact Cement This is a special adhesive that is formulated
specially for furniture, woodworking, carpentry, crafts and repair pro:ects. It is a nodrip formula that stays where you put it and is paintable and fast drying. Ideal for tables, shelving, clocks, readytoassemble furniture, chairs, benches, crafts, furniture, cabinets, hobbies, wood veneers, paper, cloth and birdhouses. =ot recommended for sheet good, wood flooring, ceiling applications or underwater use. Casters
or
Furniture
Feet
is
an
undriven,
single,
double,
or
compound wheel that is designed to be mounted to the bottom of a larger ob:ect )the 5vehicle5* so as to enable that ob:ect to be easily moved. They are available in various si'es, and are commonly made of rubber, plastic, nylon, aluminum, or stainless steel.
Upholstery Tacks a type of cut nail, used in upholstery, shoe making and
saddle manufacture Plywood is a sheet material manufactured from thin layers or 5plies5 of wood
veneer that are glued together with ad:acent layers having their wood grain rotated up to >? degrees to one another. Screws is a type of fastener, sometimes similar to a bolt, typically made of
metal, and characteri'ed by a helical ridge, known as a male thread )external thread* or :ust thread . It is an inclined plane wrapped around a nail. Polyurethane or Comparable Clear Sealer are used in the manufacture of
nonflexible, highresilience foam seating- rigid foam insulation panels- microcellular foam seals and gaskets-
durable
coaster, escalator, shopping
elastomeric
cart, elevator,
wheels
and
tires
)such
and skateboard wheels*-
as roller
automotive
suspension bushings- electrical potting compounds- high performance adhesivessurface coatings and surface sealants-
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS The researchers focused their study on the production of recycled ottoman at 9emery, (atangas. This will also consider the five ma:or aspects such as marketing, technical, management, financial and socioeconomic factors . /side from this, it will also discuss the production of a recycled ottoman by using old tires and rope that can be used in two different ways@ as a coffee table or as a chair. The proponents have come up on creating this kind of recycle product as they want to answer the need of their market. This study will also confer with its possible competition and how this product can handle the need for competition with its closely related products.
CHAPTER III
TECHNICAL STUDY Technical feasibility is simply the characteristic of being realistic. The technical study of feasibility is the study of how realistic an idea is. The proposed pro:ect aims to determine the feasibility and viability of putting up a business producing ottoman by recycling use tires. / feasibility study pro:ects the success or failure of a potential business idea. The usefulness of the study depends on the strength of the assumptions you use to create it. If the feasibility study shows a likely failure, you can save your money for a better opportunity instead of wasting it developing pro:ects that never had a chance for success.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The feasibility study has the following technical ob:ectives@ A. The development of new product, processes or internationally traded services. B. The improvementCredesign or development of existing products services or processes. . To state the processes involve in the production of the product. . To establish the location and the si'e of the business plant.
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION The researchers come up to produce a %uality product to meet the demand and earn a desirable profit. "ur product 7"ttoman8 is a multipurpose chair or coffee table that is useful for home and offices. The main purpose of this product is to recycle and put native product that is being produce by Ehilippine provinces. MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Manufacturing is the production of merchandise for use or sale using labor, and tools, chemical and biological processing, or formulation. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw recycled materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale. Fuch finished goods may be used for manufacturing other, more
complex
products,
such
as aircraft,
household or automobiles,
or
sold
to wholesalers, who in turn sell them to retailers, who then sell them to end users G the 5consumers5.
A. Preparation of Raw materials Ereparation of raw materials starts with extraction of the main components- which are ply wood, old tires, twine or rope, li%uid nail and caulk gun, casters or furniture feet, screws, drill, polyurethane or comparable clear sealer, and :ig saw. B. easurin! /scertain the si'e, amount, or degree of )something* by using an instrument or device marked in standard units or by comparing it with an ob:ect of known si'e. . Cuttin! In preparing for cutting process, the cutter is the worker that will perform the cutting operation. There must be a draft or the pencil marks drawn to come up the desired si'es of the wood based on the measurement. . Assemblin! Erocesses in which the old tires will be assembled or recycled by using li%uid nail and caulk gun and screws to create the complete structure of the chair or coffee table. 1. Finishin! It includes the final furnishing of the product. 0. Packa!in!
You should make sure that your product has good packaging so that when people see it in the store it is appealing, store in safe place and ready for distribution or delivery.
PROC"SS F#O$ C%ART &'A(RA FOR F#'P A)& TOP TA*#"
Preparation of Raw aterials +,- mins.
easurin! +/ mins.
Cuttin! +,- mins.
Assemblin! +01 hrs.
Finishin! + 12 mins.
Pack!in! + , hr.
TOO#S A)& "3U'P")T
/ tool is any physical item that can be used to achieve a goal, especially if the item is not consumed in the process. Informally the word is also used to describe a procedure or process with a specific purpose. Tool use by humans dates back millions of years, and other animals are also known to employ simple tools.
'ndirect aterials 4 Tools 'tems
3ty.
Supplier
Amount
Total
Meter
A
H+ Eatron ardware
E21.??
E21.??
Faw
A
H+ Eatron ardware
EA1?.??
EA1?.??
4law ammer
A
H+ Eatron ardware
EA21.??
EA21.??
igsaw
A
H+ Eatron ardware
E,??.??
E,??.??
and Drill
A
H+ Eatron ardware
EB,1??.??
EB,1??.??
P560-0.--
P560--.--
Total
The table shows the list of tools and equipment and its prices and its supplier that will be used in manufacturing of “Ottoman”.
eter Meter is the tools used in measuring the length and width of the raw materials
needed in the production. Sawtool or device for cutting, typically a thin blade of metal with a series of sharp teeth. Claw %ammer / claw hammer is a tool primarily used for pounding nails into, or
extracting nails from, some other ob:ect. Jenerally, a claw hammer is associated with woodworking but is not limited to use with wood products. It is not suitable for heavy hammering on metal surfaces )such as in machining work*, as the steel of its head is somewhat brittle- the ballpeen hammer is more suitable for such metalwork. %and &rill to shoot with or as if with a gun
FURNITURE AND FIXTURE
9ongterm assets that are reported under the classification of property, plant, and e%uipment on a company!s balance sheet. These assets are depreciated over their useful life.
'tems 4hair
3ty. 1
Suppliers /6K ouse "f
Unit Cost A1?.??
Total Cost 21?.??
Table
B
/6K ouse "f
1??.??
A,???.??
&lectric
/6K ouse "f
>??.??
B,2??.??
4omputer Table TOTA#
A ,,
/6K ouse "f
>>>.?? 06218.--
>>>.?? 26118.--
Chair a separate seat for one person, typically with a back and four legs. Table is a form of furniture with a flat hori'ontal upper surface used to support ob:ects
of interest, for storage, show, andCor manipulationL "lectric Fan / machine using an electric motor to rotate thin, rigid vanes in order to
move air, as for cooling. Computer Table The computer desk and related ergonomic desk are furniture pieces
designed to comfortably and aesthetically provide a working surface and house or conceal office e%uipment including computers, peripherals and cabling for office and homeoffice users.
&irect aterials
The costs of all materials that are an integral part of a finished product and that have a physical presence that is readily traced to that finished product.
'tems
3ty.
Unit Cost
Price
Elywood
A
E2??.??
E2??.??
"ld Tire /ll Eurpose 4ontact
A
EA??.??
EA??.??
4ement
B (ottles
E1.??
EA2?.??
=ail
A kilo
EB?.??
EB?.??
Fisle +ope
0 yards
EB?.??
EA,0?.??
P802.--
P06/2-.--
TOTA#
'ndirect aterials
The material which is used for purposes ancillary to the business and which cannot be conveniently assigned to specific physical units is termed as indirect material. 4onsumable stores, oil and waste, printing and stationery material etc.
'tems
3ty.
Supplier
Amount
Total
Fticker Eaper
piece
(+ Fchool and "ffice
E1.??
E1.??
Fupplies
Eallet 6rap
piece
H+ Eatron ardware
TOTA#
E??.??
E??.??
P1-2.--
P1-2.--
Sticker Paper 4 / label is a piece of paper, polymer, cloth, metal, or other material
affixed to a container or article, on which is printed a legend, information concerning the product, addresses, etc. Information printed directly on a container or article can also be considered labeling. Pallet $rap 4 Stretch wrap or stretch film is a highly stretchable plastic film that is
wrapped around items. The elastic recovery keeps the items tightly bound.
Office Supplies and "9uipment 'tems
3ty.
Supplier
Amount
Total
1 Fchool and "ffice (all pen
A? pcs.
Fupplies 1 Fchool and "ffice
0.??
0?.??
+ecord (ook
A pc.
Fupplies 1 Fchool and "ffice
AB?.??
AB?.??
"fficial +eceipt
pcs.
Fupplies 1 Fchool and "ffice
B?.??
0?.??
&lectronic 4alculator
A pc.
Fupplies 1 Fchool and "ffice
A>?.??
A>?.??
Time 4ard
A bundle
Fupplies 1 Fchool and "ffice
2.1?
2.1?
ob (oarder (ooklet
A pc.
Fupplies
A??.??
A??.??
1 Fchool and "ffice Ftapler
A pc.
Fupplies 1 Fchool and "ffice
0?.B1
0?.B1
+uler
pcs.
Fupplies 1 Fchool and "ffice
A?.??
?.??
Fcissor
B pcs.
Fupplies 1 Fchool and "ffice
B?.??
?.??
Ftaple 6ire
B boxes
Fupplies 1 Fchool and "ffice
?.??
0?.??
Euncher
A pc.
Fupplies 1 Fchool and "ffice
BA1.??
BA1.??
Ftamp and Ead
A pc.
Fupplies 1 Fchool and "ffice
B?.??
B?.??
Eaper 4lip
A box
Fupplies
11.21
11.21
TOTA# 501.-,602:.2*all pen G/ ballpoint pen is a writing instrument which dispenses a viscous ink from an
internal reservoir through the rolling action of a metal ball at its point. This 5ball point5 may vary in diameter, and may be made of brass, steel, or tungsten carbide. Record *ook Ga compilation of the known facts regarding something or someone Official Receipt G an official receipt is the proof of purchase given to a buyer who has
paid for the goods. It is an immediate exchange between the buyer and seller as evidence of a transaction done showing how much has been paid to get the goods. "lectronic Calculator G /n electronic calculator is a small, portable, often inexpensive
electronic device used to perform both basic and complex operations of arithmetic. Time Card a card used to record an employee!s starting and %uitting times, usually
stamped by a time clock. Folder G a folding cover or holder typically made of stiff paper or cardboard, for storing
loose papers.
Fastener G Devices that are used to :oin and assemble parts together. Stapler G a device for fastening together sheets of paper with a staple or staples. Ruler G a straight strip or cylinder of plastic, wood, metal, or other rigid material,
typically marked at regular intervals, to draw straight lines or measure distances. Scissor move )one!s legs* back and forth in a way resembling the action of scissors.
Office "9uipment
'tems
3ty.
Supplier
Amount
Total
4omputer
A
Tipid 9emery 4omputer 4enter
AB,???.??
AB,???.??
A
"lx.com
A,>>.0?
A,>>.0?
Hault
A
"lx.com
,???
,???
TOTA#
0
,/6188.5-
,;6188.5-
Computer an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary
form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program.
Fire "7tin!uisher / fire extinguisher, flame extinguisher, or simply an extinguisher, is
an active fire protection device used to extinguish or control small fires, often in emergency situations.
iscellaneous
)"f items or people gathered or considered together* of various types or from different sources.
iscellaneous
'tems
3ty.
Supplier
Amount
Total
Jloves
0 pairs
9emery Eublic Market
1.??
?.??
(rooms
A pc.
9emery Eublic Market
AA?.??
AA?.??
Dust Ean
A pc.
9emery Eublic Market
?.??
?.??
Jarbage 4an
A pcs.
9emery Eublic Market
AB?.??
AB?.??
Door Mat
B pcs.
9emery Eublic Market
?.??
0?.??
+ags
pcs.
9emery Eublic Market
.??
AB.??
Foap
A pc.
9emery Eublic Market
A.??
A.??
TOTA#
P/,5.--
P/:-.--
(lo
having separate parts for each finger and the thumb. *rooms G a longhandled brush of bristles or twigs used for sweeping. &ust Pan G a dustpan is a cleaning utensil, commonly used in combination with a
broom or brush. The dustpan may appear to be a type of flat scoop. (arba!e Can G a container, typically plastic or metal, for household refuse. &oor at G a mat placed in a doorway, on which people can wipe their shoes on
entering a building. Ra!s G a piece of old cloth, esp. one torn from a larger piece, used typically for cleaning
things. Soap– a substance used with water for washing and cleaning, made of a compound of
natural oils or fats with sodium hydroxide or another strong alkali, and typically having perfume and coloring added. PRO&UCT'O) SC%"&U#"
Eroduction schedule is the timetable for the use of resources and processes re%uired by a business to produce goods or provide services. / typical business will modify its production schedule in response to large customer orders, to accommodate resource changes, to reduce costs, and to increase overall production efficiency. The proposed business will operate ?? days annually, 0 days a week, from Monday to Faturday, @??am to 1@??pm. Funday will be the company$s day off for its employees. olidays indicated as nonworking holiday will also be excluded from the plant days of operation. / reduction in the hours of operation or complete shutdown may occur only at times where the production supply has run short or delayed.
Production Schedule
=ear
Annual
onthly
$eekly
B?A0
B?
B?
1
B?A2
?
?
A?
B?A
2B?
0?
A1
B?A>
>0?
?
B?
B?B?
A,?
AB?
?
P#A)T #OCAT'O)6 ("O(RAP%'CA# #OCAT'O) A)& COP"T')( COPA)'"S &veryone now understands that manufacturing provides an essential source of competitive leverage. =o longer does anyone seriously thinks that domestic producers can outdo their competitors by clever marketing onlyN7selling the si''le8 while cheating on %uality or letting deliveries slip. It is now time for concrete action on a practical level@ action to change facilities, update processing technologies, ad:ust workforce practices, and perfect information and management systems. The definition of plant location is a location where a plant should be located while determining the maximum effectiveness and operating economy. The place of the plant should offer the lowest cost when the cost of production and delivering the goods to consumers has been calculated.
P#A)T S'>" #A=OUT
The plant si'e is about came up with the design of our plant based on the company$s goal of having a suitable area for production and a convenient place for workers to work on. Its design complies with some of the standards regarding building$s facilities and design. /n ideal location is one where the cost of the product is kept to minimum, with a large market share, the least risk and the maximum social gain. It is the place of maximum net advantage or which gives lowest unit cost of production and distribution.
Utilities
It has been a strategic choice of the company to put up its business at the location with all basic needs of the plant available. Otilities have been secured and registered long before the start of its operation to ensure that the preplanned monthly production output will always be met with no interruptions.
Supply of Power
/ll of the businesses need an electric supply. &lectricity is the most needed in many operations. In 9emery, (atangas, (/T&9&4 is the one who can supply the power on the firm that must needed in electricity. Supply of $ater
6e use water for many things- we need water for everything especially to those businesses for cleanliness, sanitation and maintenance. 6ater is not for business only, it is also important and need in our bodies for so many reasons.
Telephone
/ telephone is a communication device used between two people for business transactions and for so many reasons. It will be provided by Jlobe Telecom since it is more affordable than other telecommunication companies. $aste ana!ement
6aste management planning is the keystone of any policy on waste management. The formation of a plan allows taking stock of the current situation, defining the ob:ectives that need to be met, framing suitable strategies, and identifying the necessary execution means. Fince the materials in making the recycled ottoman would be mainly biodegradable, the wastes would not be in any form of threat to the environment. The operation and production will not cause harm to the environment. The company will also be willing to participate in the programs concerning the environment$s conservation. There is a wide array of issues relating to waste management and those areas include@ •
Jeneration of waste
•
6aste minimi'ation
•
+ecycling and reuse
•
Ftorage, collection, transport, and transfer
•
Treatment
•
9andfill disposal
•
&nvironmental considerations
•
•
Eolicy and regulations
•
&ducation and training
•
Elanning and implementation
Utilities
Source
&lectricity
(/T&9&4 A in 9emery, (atangas
6ater
9emery 6ater District )9&6/D*
Telecommunication
Jlobe Telecom
6aste Disposal
Municipal Jarbage 4ollector
T%" PRO&UCT'O) COST A)& S"##')( PR'C" 0-,5
0-,;
0-,:
0-,8
0-0-
&irect aterials Used
B>B,>.??
1,0.?
>,00.?
B,?1,B?.??
A,1A,2.??
&irect #abor
>,10.??
A2>,2AB.??
B0>,10.??
1>,B.??
>,B?.??
Factory O
0?,???.??
21,???.??
>?,???.??
A?1,???.??
AB?,???.??
Total Production Cost
B,??.??
,1>.?
A,B1,?.?
B,1A2,2.??
B,?,?0.??
Production ?olume
B?
?
2B?
>0?
AB??
Production Cost@Piece
A,1.??
A,22.?
A,22.B2
B,0BB.01
ark4up Sellin! Price@Piece ?AT ')C#US'?"
?.1?
?.11
?.0?
?.01
A,20.2B ?.2?
B,202.1?
B,2?2.>2
B,2>1.0
,B2.2
B,>1B.B
#ess ?AT
B.A?
B.>0
1.
1A>.B
1.B>
Sellin! Price@Piece6 ?AT "7clusi
061/2.1-
06115.,8
0615-.,2
/6:-:.-8
0628:.,/
(")"RA#'>AT'O)
4reating the technical aspect of the study helps the proponents determine the sources needed to put up a business. Describing the contents of the product was easy, but deciding where to get those contents re%uires an efficient and effective thinking to lessen the cost. There must be certain factors to consider in choosing the proper place where to put up a business as well as the source of its utilities.
Ottoma n
