- 2008-2009
EGE\Colle
Abstract
25020
26 25020 EDU/GCE/9600/2008
1-9 3 4-5 6 7 8 8 9
10-39 12 13 13-15 15-16 16-19 19-20 20-22 22-23
23-24
1
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 / 2.7 2.8
2
2.9
26-27 27-28 28-29 29-31 31 31-34 34-35 35 35-37
37-38 39
40-54 42 42 43 44 45 45
45-46 46-47 47 48
Dr. Mall Malles eso on
2.11 .11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19
2.20 2.21
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10
3
49 49-50 50 50-51 51-52 52 52 53 53-54 54
55-130
59-84 85-100 100-111 112-127
129 130
131-138 133-134 135 136-137
3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 5.1
5.2 5.3
4
5
138
5.4
60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
80 81 82 83 84
22 23 24 25 21
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
15
50
1 2 3 4 5
143
17 27 48 49
1
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7
1.1 1.2
1.3 W.J. Good and P.K. Hott:-
1.4
1.5 1.6
1.7
.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 Dr.Mallesen2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 . 2.21
2.1 G.C. Helmstater "Review are integrated and critical discussion or recen research as particular
topic
witten
by
variety
of
different outhors."
According to L.R Gay: "Review is the indenfication, location and analysis of the related material concerning the problem."
According to C.V Good: " A survey of printed material dealing with or bearing in given subject or Problem."
2.2
2.3 1 2 3
2.4 1 2 3
" As a result, both teachers and pupils usually have low opinion of the study hall." (Ref Hannah logase the study Hall in Junior and Senior Senior high school school P3-17)
2.5
299 2006 1 2 3 4
5 2.6 (Road to Reading) (Ralphe Staiger)
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10 38(Whippie) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
37
Dr. Malleson 2.11 Malleson
Dr. Melleson (Optimum) 1 (Optimum) 2 3 4 5 Dr. Malleson
2.12
Jhan Adam Brubacher Hall "Teacher is a real maker of the history"
2.13
2.14 V.K.Gupta "A teacher's most vital role is to provide enconragement, over come f r u s t r a t i o n s
a n d
d e v e l o p
confidence in students." (Teaching and learning of sceience & technology page#100)
2.15
2.16 1950
2.17
25,20 2.18 2.19
2.20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2.21 95
.3
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12
3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20
Jhan. W.Best "Research is more systematic activity directed towards discovery and t h e
d e v e l o p m e n t
o f
a n
organized body of knowledge". "Research directed towards the increase of knowledgem, the primary aim being a greater knowledge or understanding of the subject under study". (http://www.answer.com/topic/research3)
According to Khawaja Masroor:"Research in education is a systematic logical and scentific method of d i s c o v e r y
e d u c a t i o n a l
solving educational problem."
f a c t s
o r
p a t t e r n s
i n
p o p i l s ,
s t u d e n t s ,
teachers and other participants in schools." (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education al research)
A Acco Accord rdin ing g To Purp Purpos osee Basic Research Applied Research Action Research Evalutive Research Research & Development
B According ing To To Me Method Historical Research Descriptive Research Experimented Research Development Research
C According ing To Tim Timee Short Rang Research Long Rang Research
D Acco Accord rdin ing g To To Dat Datee Use Used d Analytical Research Emprical Research
E According To Person Individual Research Cooperative Research
F According To To Pl Place Labortory Research Library Research
G Acco Accord rding ing To To Mediu Medium m Comm Commun unica icati tion on Quantitative Research Quantitative Research.
i ii iii According to L.R Gay: " Descriptive research invovle collecting data in order to test hypothesis or to answer questions concerning the current status of the s
u
study"
b
j
e
c
t
o
f
t
h
e
According to Van Deobold: "Typical descriptive studies are concerned with the assessment of a t t i t u d e s ,
o p i n i o n s ,
d e m o g r a p h i c
infromation, conditions, and Procedures".
Qualitative Quality (Quantitative) (Population) According to L.R Gay: "A population is the group if interest to which a researcher would l i k e
t h e
generalizable".
r e s u l t
o f
a
s t u d y
t o
b e
20
(Sampling)
According to William J.Good: "A Sample is a small proportion of a population selected for analysis."
According to P.V. Young: "Sampling is the process of seleting a numbers of individuals a study
in
such
away
that
the
individuals
repesent the group."
Simple Random Sampling "According to L.R Gay: "Random Sampling is the process of selecting a sample in such a way that all individuals in the defined population have an equal and i
n
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
change of being selected for sample."
According to C.V Good: "Questionaire is a collecting of different questions which is distributed through the mail or personally filled by the respondent under the s
u
p
p
e
r
v
i
s
s
i
o
n
"
"A form containing a set of questions, especially one addressed to a statistically significiant number of subjects as a way of gathering i
n
survey"
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
a
(hhtp://www.the freedictionary.com/Questionaire) freedictionary.com/Questionaire)
"A Conversational, such as on conducted by, reporter, r eporter, in which facts or s t a t e m e n t s
a r e
e l i c i t e d
from another." (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/interview)
4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4
4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2
Ch: Square
X
(FrequencyObserved)fo (Frequency Expected)fe (Degree of Freedom)df
0.05
1
1 80
00
03
04
09
100%
00%
3.75%
5%
11.25%
64 80%
2
2 80 18 06 06 13 37 100% 22.5 7.5% 7.5% 16.25% 46.25%
3
3 80
29
06
19
14
100%
36.25%
7.5%
23.75%
17.5%
12 15%
4
4 80
26
03
13
19
100%
32.5%
3.75
16.25%
23.75%
19 23.75%
5
5 80 16 04 04 07 49 100% 20% 5% 5% 8.75% 61.25%
6
6 80
19
06
08
100%
23.75%
7.5%
10%
19 28 23.75% 35%
7
7
80
04
02
06
12
56
100%
5%
2.5%
7.5%
15%
70%
8
8 80
03
06
06
19
100%
3.75%
7.5%
7.5%
23.75%
46 57.5%
9
9 80 10 02 08 20 40 100% 12.5% 2.5% 10% 25% 50%
10
10 80
07
06
04
20
100%
8.75%
7.5%
5%
25%
43 53.75%
11
11 80 00 15 10 23 32 100% 00% 18.75% 12.5% 28.75% 40%
12
12 80 04 08 02 20 46 100% 5% 10% 2.5% 25% 57.5%
13
13 80 11 10 07 12 40 100% 13.75% 12.5% 8.75% 15% 50%
14
14 80 06 04 08 16 46 100% 7.5% 5% 10% 20% 57.5%
15
15 80 15 05 08 17 35 100% 18.75% 6.25% 10% 21.25% 43.75%
16
16
80
08
02
00
08
62
100%
10%
2.5%
00%
10%
77.5%
17
17 80 10 03 01 13 53 100% 12.5% 3.75 1.25% 16.25% 66.25%
18
18 80
05
05
01
24
100%
6.25%
6.25%
1.25%
30%
45 56.25%
19
19
80
05
07
10
14
44
100%
6.25%
8.75%
12.5%
17.5%
55%
20
H.W 20 80 01 03 07 12 57 100% 1.25% 3.75% 8.75% 15% 71.25%
H.W
21
21 80 16 18 12 11 23 100% 20% 22.5% 15% 13.75% 28.75%
22
22 80 13 13 10 21 23 100% 16.25% 16.25% 12.5% 26.25% 28.75%
23
23 80 21 08 08 18 25 100% 26.25% 10% 10% 22.5% 31.25%
24
24
80
02
00
04
10
64
100%
2.5%
00%
5%
12.5%
80%
25
25 80 12 06 07 21 32 100% 17.5% 7.5% 8.75% 26.25% 40%
1
1 40 00 00 03 08 29 100% 00% 00% 7.5% 20% 72.5%
2
2 40 03 03 00 12 22 100% 7.5% 7.5% 00% 30% 55%
3
3 40
02
06
04
09
100%
5%
15%
10%
22.5%
19 47.5%
4
4 40
00
08
06
08
100%
00%
20%
15%
20%
18 45%
5
5 40 01 10 04 10 15 100% 2.5% 25% 10% 25% 37.5%
6
6 40 00 03 00 09 28 100% 00% 7.5% 00% 22.5% 70%
7
7
40
00
03
03
08
26
100%
00%
7.5%
7.5%
20%
65%
8
8 40 00 06 04 10 20 100% 00% 15% 10% 25% 50%
9
9 40 02 03 06 13 16 100% 5% 7.5% 15% 32.5% 40%
10
10
40
00
04
07
13
16
100%
00%
10%
17.5%
32.5%
40%
11
11 40 00 01 03 07 29 100% 00% 2.5% 7.5% 17.5% 72.5%
12
12 40 07 09 02 10 12 100% 17.5% 22.5% 5% 25% 30%
13
13
40
10
07
03
10
10
100%
25%
17.5%
7.5%
25%
25%
14
14 40 09 07 04 14 06 100% 22.5% 17.5% 10% 35% 15%
15
15 40 05 01 03 10 21 100% 12.5% 2.5% 7.5% 25% 52.5%
1
80
16
04
04
07
49
5
1
80
19
06
08
19
28
6
2
80
07
06
04
20
43
10
3
80
15
05
08
17
35
15
4
80
02
00
04
10
64
24
5
400
59
21
28
73
219
100%
14.75%
5.25%
7%
1
18.25% 54.75%
40
00
06
04
10
20
8
1
40
07
09
02
10
12
12
2
40
09
07
04
14
06
14
3
120
16
22
10
34
38
100%
13.33%
18.33% 8.33% 28.33% 31.66%
2
80
00
03
04
09
64
1
1
80
04
02
06
12
56
7
2
80
03
06
06
19
46
8
3
80
10
02
08
20
40
9
4
80
21
08
08
18
25
23
5
400
38
21
32
78
231
100%
9.5%
5.25%
8%
19.5% 57.75%
2
40
00
00
03
08
29
01
1
40
03
03
00
12
22
02
2
40
00
03
03
08
26
15
3
100%
2.5%
5%
5%
23.33% 64.16%
3
80
18
06
06
13
37
2
1
80
28
06
19
14
12
3
2
80
26
03
13
19
19
4
3
80
08
02
00
08
62
16
4
80
10
03
01
13
53
17
5
400
91
20
39
67
183
100%
22.75%
5%
9.75% 16.75% 45.75%
3
40
02
06
04
09
19
3
1
40
00
08
06
08
18
4
2
120
03
100%
2.5%
24
14
27
52
20% 11.66% 22.5% 43.33%
4
80
05
05
01
24
45
18
1
80
05
07
10
14
44
19
2
80
01
03
07
12
57
20
3
80
16
18
12
11
23
21
4
80
13
13
10
21
23
22
5
400
40
46
40
82
192
100%
10%
11.5%
10%
20.5%
48%
4
40
00
03
00
09
28
6
1
40
00
01
03
07
29
11
2
120
10
11
06
100%
8.33%
9.16%
5%
26
67
21.66% 55.83%
5
80
00
15
10
23
32
11
1
80
04
08
02
20
46
12
2
80
11
10
07
12
40
13
3
80
06
04
08
16
46
14
4
80
15
05
08
17
35
15
5
400
36
42
35
88
199
100%
9%
22%
49.75%
10.5% 8.75%
5
40
00
03
03
08
26
7
1
40
00
04
07
13
16
120
02
10
16
34
58
100%
1.66%
8.33% 13.33% 28.33%
48%
10
3
1
400
59
21
28
73
219
fo
400
57.67
33.07
29.23
82.30
197.69
fe
120
16
22
10
34
38
fo
120
17.30
9.92
8.76
24.69
59.30
fe
520
75
43
38
107
257
9.49 181.16
2
400
38
21
32
78
231
fo
400
31.53
20.76
29.23
81.53
236.92
fe
120
03
06
06
28
77
fo
120
9.46
6.23
8.76
24.46
71.07
fe
520
41
27
38
106
308
18.15 9.49
3
400
91
20
39
67
183
fo
400
72.30
33.84
40.76
72.30
180.76
fe
120
03
24
14
27
52
fo
120
21.69
10.15
12.23
21.69
54.23
fe
520
94
44
53
94
235
9.488 47.58
4
400
40
46
40
82
192
fo
400
38.46
43.84
35.38
83.07
199.23
fe
120
10
11
06
26
67
fo
120
11.53
13.15
10.61
24.92
59.76
fe
520
50
57
46
108
259
4.49 9.49
5
400
36
42
35
88
199
fo
400
29.23
40
39.23
93.84
197.69
fe
120
02
10
16
34
58
fo
120
8.76
12
11.76
28.15
59.30
fe
520
38
52
51
122
257
9.49 10.90
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3 4 (Text Book Based) 5 6
.5 5.1
5.2 5.3 5.4
5.1
5.2
5.3
(Open Book Test)
5.4
1999 1987 1995 1992 1991 1990 1967 1992 1999 2000 2000
BIBLIOGRAPHY 1.
Anis Anis Khur Khursh shid id,, "Wha "Whatt chil childr dren en Read Read". ". Natio Nationa nall Book Book Cent Centre re of
2.
Carte Carterr C.V. C.V.,, "Di "Dict ctio iona nary ry of Educ Educat atio ion" n",, New New York York Hill Hill Book Book
Pak, Pak, 1976 1976
Company, 1956 3.
Dr. Dr. Male Maleso son, n, "Tex "Textt Book Book of (B.A (B.A.. Eng) Eng)," ," ( How How to study study), ), Sind Sind
Board Jamshoro 2000 4.
Dr Ishti Ishti
Hu
in "Edu "Edu ti
in Paki Pakist st
", Univ Univ sit
Text Text Book Book
Press, 1989 5.
Gay. Gay. L.R. L.R.,, "Edu "Educa cati tion onal al Rese Resear arch ch"" Flor Florid idaa Inte Intern rnat atio iona nall
Univers ity
Merril, 1987 6.
IbnIbn-In Insha sha,, "De "Deve velo lopi ping ng Read Readin ing g Hab Habit itss in in Asia Asian n Cond Condit itio ions ns." ."
7.
John John W. W. Best, Best, "Res "Resea earc rch h in in Educ Educat atio ion" n",, New New Yor York k Prin Printi ticc Hal Halll inc, inc, 1980 1980
8.
Khaw Khawaj ajaa Masr Masroo oorr Ahme Ahmed, d, "Res "Resea earc rch h Guid Guide" e",, Rehm Rehman an
Trading, Trading,
Karachi, 1987 9.
Van Van Dale Dalen n Dedb Dedbol old, d, "Und "Under ersta stand ndin ing g Educ Educat atio iona nall Rese Resear arch ch", ",
Mc Graw Graw Hill Hill,,
London, 1996 10.
Young.P Young.P.V, .V, "Under "Under Educat Education ional al Resear Research, ch,"" New New York York McGr McGraw aw Hill Book Company, 1966.
2006 2005 2007 8 2004
WEBSITE SEARCH 1.
http http:/ ://w /www ww.a .ans nsw wer.c er.com om/t /top opic ic/r /res esea each ch3 3
2.
http http:/ ://w /www ww.hu .hunt nter er.c .con ony/ y/ed edu/ u/ap apic icci cian an/e /edst dstat atal al.ht .htm m
3.
http http:/ ://w /www ww.t .the hefr free eedi dict ctio iona nary ry.c .com om/i /int nter ervi view ew
4.
Jaka Jakart rtap apos ost, t,"E "Enc ncou oura rage ge read readin ing g habi habits ts in in stu stude dent ntss by teachers" available from, http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009
5.
Rich Richel el long longit it Durs Dursin in,, "De "Deve velo lopi ping ng read readin ing g hab habit itss in in chi child ldre ren" n",, Retrived De 17, 2009
-
%
%
%
40
0%
00
0%
00
7.5%
40
7.5%
03
7.5%
03
40
05%
02
15%
40
0%
00
40
2.5%
40
72.5%
29
1
12
55%
22
2
22.5%
09
47.5%
19
3
06
20%
08
45%
18
4
10%
04
25%
10
37.5%
15
5
03
0%
00
22.5%
09
70%
28
6
7.5%
03
7.5%
03
20%
08
65%
26
7
00
15%
06
10%
04
25%
10
50%
20
8
5%
02
7.5%
03
15%
06
32.5%
13
40%
16
9
40
0%
00
10%
04
17.5%
07
32.5%
13
40%
16
10
40
0%
00
2.5%
01
7.5%
03
17.5%
07
72.5%
29
11
40
17.5%
07
22.5%
09
5%
02
25%
10
30%
12
12
40
25%
10
17.5%
07
7.5%
03
25%
10
25%
10
13
40
22.5%
09
17.5%
07
10%
04
35%
14
15%
06
14
40
12.5%
05
2.5%
01
7.5%
03
25%
10
52.5%
21
15
%
%
03
20%
08
0%
00
30%
06
10%
04
20%
08
15%
01
25%
10
0%
00
7.5%
40
0%
00
40
0%
40