35
1.
In their ---- to overcome the anti-social effects of modern architecture, architects have directed their attention to more informal settlements..
6.
If she ---- to the interview in a more positive state of mind, she ---- a better impression.. A) will go / would make
A) avoidance
B) goes / has made
B) condition
C) had gone / might have made
C) attempt
D) would go / had made
D) involvement
E) has gone / makes
E) development 7. 2.
Some evidence suggests that weight training can raise HDL if undertaken regularly, but frequent and sustained aerobic activity may be more ---in lowering LDL and raising HDL..
A) Toward / for
A) tentative
B) By / in
B) irrelevant
C) From / through
C) factual
D) At / within
D) effective
E) During / with
E) protective 3.
---- the end of the 20th century, information economics became an increasingly important field of specialization ---- economists..
8.
When Atatürk told the Turks to ---- the West, he was at the same time referring to industrialization, standardized education, and republican government..
Scientists are developing various counter technologies, from vaccines made of DNA to proteins that prime our blood to attack the malaria parasite ---- it is still inside the mosquito.. A) so long as
A) look to
B) as soon as
B) bring about
C) while
C) put off D) find out
D)
just as
E)
whether
E) run out of 9. 4.
Although 25 to 30 per cent of all people ---- some form of excessive mood disturbance during their lifetime, only about 10 per cent ---- a disorder severe enough to require medical attention..
A) before
A) would experience / have had
B) because
B)
C) that is
experienced / will have had
C) had experienced / had had
D) while
D) will have experienced / would have
E) despite
E) experience / have 5.
About half of all women over 65 years of age take some type of nutrition supplement, ---- only about one-fifth of older men do..
Early modern humans ---- extensive social networks ---- goods and exchange gifts..
10.
The Spanish, Portuguese, French, Dutch, and British established colonies across the globe ---assure ownership of trade routes.. A) due to
A) had been established / having traded B) have established / to be trading C) had established / to be traded D) were establishing / being traded E) established / to trade
B) in addition to C) as to D) in order to E) thanks to
11.
Income tax can be fitted more closely to the individual taxpayer's ability to pay than ---tax.. A) any other B) any C) other D) some E) one another
12.
The origin of sex is ---- much of a puzzle ---its prevalence.. A) too / for B) so / so C) as / as D) that / such as E) very / more like
13.
An ecosystem or ecology is formed by a community of living organisms interacting with the environment ---- they live.. A) in which B) whereby C) which D) whether E) what
Japan has a large number of great artists. Of all the artists of Japan, the one Westerners probably like and (I) ---- best is Hokusai. He was a (II) ----, unpredictable man who lived in as many as a hundred different houses and changed his name (III)---- 30 times. Hokusai never painted in one period or style (IV) ---- very long at a time; he never seemed to stop (V) ---- after something new.
14.
19.
---- if Gregor Mendel had never lived?. A) Is it possible to compare the science of genetics to mathematics in that it consists of some basic principles B) B) Can the basic rules of genetic inheritance in human beings be fully discovered C) Are geneticists interested in the study of the transmission of genes
I.
B) discover
D) Will our understanding of the relationship between an organism’s genes and its characteristics be more advanced
C) allow
E)
A) disturb
Would the development of the science of genetics in the 20th century have been any different
D) suspect E) understand 15.
20.
II.
A) so that NASA may develop ways to shield astronauts from radiation on Mars
A) determined
B)
B) restless
D) that high-energy cosmic rays could cause much damage to space shuttles
D) consistent E) sensible
E) provided that monitoring systems are placed throughout a spacecraft
III. 21. A) greatest B) the least C) at best D) mostly E) at least
17.
IV. A) through B) at C) for D) with E) over
18.
just as exposure to radiation is a serious danger for manned spaceflight
C) unless serious measures are taken to prevent fire on a space shuttle
C) reliable
16.
Scientists worry ----..
V. A) to have been chased B) chasing C) having chased D) to chase E) being chased
The name “Protestant” was first given to those who supported the cause of Martin Luther and who protested against the cruel decisions of the Catholic Church.. A) “Protestan” adı verilen ilk kişiler, Martin Luther’in hareketini benimsiyor ve Katolik Kilisesi’nin katı uygulamalarına direniyorlardı. B) Martin Luther’in düşüncesini benimseyerek Katolik Kilisesi’nin acımasız uygulamalarına tepki gösterenlere, başlangıçta, “Protestan” adı verilmişti. C) Martin Luther’in görüşünü ilk kabul edenlere ve Katolik Kilisesi’nin acımasız yaptırımlarına karşı koyanlara “Protestan” adı veriliyordu. D) “Protestan” adı, ilk kez, Martin Luther’in davasını destekleyen ve Katolik Kilisesi’nin acımasız kararlarına karşı çıkanlara verilmiştir. E) Gerek Martin Luther’in davasına arka çıkanlara gerekse Katolik Kilisesi’nin acımasız kararlarını eleştirenlere önceleri “Protestan” adı veriliyordu.
22.
Kitle iletişim araçları, sadece haber sunmak ve eğlence sağlamaktan ziyade toplumları aydınlatmalı ve onların hem bireysel hem de kültürel özelliklerini şekillendirmelidir.. A) The media of mass communication should do far more than reporting and entertaining by enlightening the societies and defining both their cultural and individual properties at the same time. B) Societies are constantly provided with news and entertainment as well as being shaped in terms of both individual and cultural properties by the media of mass communication. C) The media of mass communication should illuminate societies and shape both their individual and cultural properties rather than just report news and provide entertainment. D) The principal function of the media of mass communication should be to illuminate societies and reform especially their individual and cultural properties together with reporting news and presenting entertainment. E) The media of mass communication should not only inform and shape societies based on their individual and cultural properties but also report news and entertain them.
The ability to deal with numbers and mathematical concepts reveals an interesting pattern of differences between girls and boys. Girls usually begin counting before boys. Throughout the primary-school years and middle school, girls are better at computational problems, whereas boys do better with noninterchangeable. During this period, girls also tend to get higher grades. By high school, however, boys begin to perform better, especially at the higher levels of ability. Some psychologists believe this advantage is genetic, but others think that it may derive, in part, from males’ use of more effective strategies and their lower level of anxiety when approaching mathematics problems. It has also been suggested that the sex differences come about to some degree because girls view math as a male activity (and, therefore, have less interest in it) and because some parents and teachers offer greater encouragement to males in this area. Some studies support this analysis, but others do not. In this area, too, biological and socialization factors probably combine to produce the observed differences.
23.
26.
A) never fail in their determination to excel over boys in mathematics B) begin to use numbers before boys do C) are relatively more conscious than boys as regards their sex differences D) always use mathematical concepts as efficiently as boys in solving problems E) in the long run perform much better than boys in all aspects of mathematics 27.
The author thinks that differences between girls and boys ----..
B) Researchers also found that first-born offspring have more fat than their younger siblings
B) have concerned psychologists far more than their performance at school
C) In 1964, the British woman gave birth to an average of 2.95 children
is a subject that has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years from psychologists
D) According to recent studies, having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity
D) remain constant throughout their school years E) may be attributed to the joint effect of their biological nature and social environment 24.
Mothers around the world are getting older. In the UK, the mean age for having a first child is 27.3, compared with 23.7 in 1970. Mean age at first birth in the US has also increased, rising from21.4 in 1970 to 24.9 in 2000. ----. Studies by the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute found that the risk of a child being obese increases by about 14% for every five extra years of the mother’s age.. A) In the US, in 2004, the percentage of women in their 40s who had one child was 17.4
A) can be observed only through their approach to mathematics
C)
It is pointed out in the passage that girls ----..
E) This combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic
It is suggested in the passage that boys ----.. 28. A) are never influenced by their social environment in their attitude towards mathematics B) are always discouraged when they are faced with a mathematical problem C) are genetically far more motivated towards mathematics than girls
Gerald: - Is it really possible to drill a hole in glass with a hardened steel drill? Patrick: - Apparently it is. But it's a tricky operation and you've got to keep plenty of turpentine and camphor on the area of contact between drill and glass. Gerald : - ---Patrick: - Apparently they act as a coolant and reduce friction..
D) are more successful than girls at primary level in dealing with mathematical problems which require reasoning
A) And is that difficult to do?
E) usually rely on their parents and teachers in solving all kinds of mathematical problems
C) Will camphor dissolve in turpentine?
B) How do they help?
D) Are diamonds still being used to drill glass? 25.
One learns from the passage that, according to one view, the sex difference between boys andgirls ----.. A) has been categorically ruled out by all psychologists as an important factor in learning mathematics B) ought to be taken into consideration by parents and teachers C) is negligible at the high school level D) cannot be a significant factor in their performance at high school E) does have some effect on their mathematical performance
E) Aren\\'t there any more reliable methods?
29.
Our team played extremely well, but even so, we lost.. A) Our team played well but the other team played even better. B) Though our team won, the other side played extremely well. C) Our team deserved to win as we really played well. D) Though our team lost, the other team was really much worse. E) Our team didn’t win, but nevertheless we played magnificently
30.
(I) In the field of interior decoration, glass has come into high favor in recent times. (II) There have also been many innovations in lighting methods allowing lighting systems to be worked into the structure of rooms. (III) This is largely on account of its versatility. (IV) It can take any color and is capable of a large variety of surface treatment. (V) The use of a mirror-wall has also become popular as it doubles the size of an interior and gives it completeness and symmetry.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP 1
C
2
D
3
A
4
E
5
E
6
C
7
A
8
C
9
D
10
D
11
A
12
C
13
A
14
E
15
B
16
E
17
C
18
B
19
E
20
D
21
D
22
C
23
E
24
D
25
E
26
B
27
D
28
B
29
E
30
B
36
1.
2.
Cities in China are growing fast as millions of people ---- to urban areas..
6.
Actually, the position of the small farmer ---- only slightly even if all these changes ----..
A) gather
A) has improved / had been introduced
B) migrate
B) would improve / were introduced
C) occupy
C) will improve / would be introduced
D) issue
D) improved / have been introduced
E) increase
E) would have improved/ will be introduced
As she grew older, it became ---- difficult for her to do the shopping..
7.
Ancient Pompeii, destroyed in A.D. 79 ---- an eruption of Vesuvius, lay buried ---- rock and ash until the 18th century..
A) eventually A) by / under
B) increasingly
B) at / for
C) doubtfully
C) with / below
D) adequately
D) in / on
E) reluctantly
E) 3.
The vitamin portion of a coenzyme allows a chemical reaction to ----, while the remaining portion of the coenzyme binds to the enzyme.. A)
8.
A) owing to B) whenever
C) catch up
C) as if
D) take place E) settle down Tofino, which ---- once a quiet fishing village in Canada, ---- a popular year-round resort now..
9.
A) is / is becoming
5.
They are installing a great deal of information technology, ---- the staff are quite incapable of using it..
put on
B) get off
4.
through / over
D)
even so
E)
even though
Ten percent of the population is allergic to thimerosol, ---- the health of millions of babies and children worldwide is being compromised. .
B) had been / became
A)
C) has been / had become
B) so
D) was / has become
C) while
E) would have been / will become
D) unless
As is widely known, the Cretaceous period ---- to an abrupt end about 66.000.000 years ago with what appears ---- a catastrophic event, possibly asteroid impact.. A) came / to have been
if
E) which 10.
Unlike in a dictatorship, where people are treated like cattle and are expected to simply obey and follow the government, democracy contributes to development of the individuals ---the society..
B) comes / to be C) has come / having been D) may have come / being E) would come / to be
A) in contrast to B) as well as C) in place of D) such as E) that is
11.
In every forensic laboratory there should be ---with the basic training to make sense of botanical evidence.. A) each B) anyone C) someone D) one another E) them
12.
Great natural disasters cause ---- widespread death ---- massive social disruption and outbreaks of epidemic disease.. A) much / as B) so much / that C) not only / but also D) as / as E) no sooner / than
13.
Wetlands filter out excess nutrients and pollutants by trapping them in roots and soil, ---plants and bacteria break them down into less harmful substances.. A) where B) which C) wherever D) how E) whether
We can certainly hear external sounds while we are dreaming. Otherwise, a dreamer couldn’t be (I)---- by shouting. Around 40 to 50 per cent (II) ---- dreams also contain sounds, while touch, smell, taste andpain are present in a (III) ----smaller percentage of dreams. Sounds occurring near a sleeper (IV) ---- is already dreaming can be incorporated into the dream. However, the sounds (V) --- will not cause the sleeper to dream.
14.
19.
I.
----, it rode aboard the massive Saturn V rocket. . A)
Even if the scientists at NASA were concerned about the quality of the spacecraft Apollo 11
B)
Since the spacecraft Apollo 11 had been designed by a special team of engineers
C)
Whether the spacecraft Apollo 11 was to be used for lunar missions
D) Although a lot of money was spent for the development of the spacecraft Apollo 11
A) ensured
E)
B) awakened C) heard
20.
When the spacecraft Apollo 11 went to the Moon in 1969
Future computers will be able to tell us ----..
D) embarrassed A) even if the universe consists mostly of dark matter and dark energy
E) calmed 15.
B) unless we produce more work for less effort
II.
C) A) by
D) while landmines in war zones will be detected
B) to
E) how we can improve our performance at work
C) for D) of E) in 16.
B) more C) much D) very E) most IV. A) who B) what C) where D) when E) how 18.
21.
Violence in Northern Ireland has tarnished the country’s international prestige, but an agreement signed in 1998 between the clashing sides has brought hope for peace..
III. A) too
17.
so far as human beings can find new sources of food
V. A) which B) themselves C) of whom D) whatever E) itself
A) Uluslararası prestiji şiddet olayları ile zedelenen Kuzey İrlanda’da, 1998 yılında çatışan taraflar arasında barış anlaşması imzalanmıştır. B) Çatışan tarafların 1998 yılında bir barış anlaşması imzalamasının ardından, uluslararası prestiji zedelenen Kuzey İrlanda’da şiddet olayları son bulmuştur. C) Kuzey İrlanda’daki şiddet olayları ülkenin uluslararası prestijini zedelemiştir, ancak 1998’de çatışan taraflar arasında imzalanan bir anlaşma barış umudunu beraberinde getirmiştir. D) Kuzey İrlanda’nın uluslararası prestijini zedeleyen şiddet olayları, 1998 yılında çatışan taraflar arasında imzalanan bir barış anlaşması ile son bulmuştur. E) 1998 yılında çatışan taraflar arasında imzalanan bir anlaşma sonucunda barış umudu doğan Kuzey İrlanda’nın uluslararası prestiji, şiddet olayları ile zedelenmiştir.
22.
Farklı ekonomik gelişim evrelerindeki birçok ülke evrensel sağlık güvencesine doğru önemli bir gelişme kaydetmenin mümkün olduğunu göstermiştir.. A) Many countries with varying economic growth rates have recently been making significant progress toward universal health coverage. B) It is possible for countries at different stages of economic development to take essential steps toward universal health coverage. C) The goal to achieve universal health coverage by many countries at varying stages of economic development has only recently been shown to be possible. D) Many countries at varying stages of economic development have shown that it is possible to make substantial progress toward universal health coverage. E) It is also possible to see that many countries at different stages of economic development have made important progress toward universal health coverage.
Four years ago in 2003, when Paul Barrett first began planning an ambitious book on Muslims in America, who would have thought that the topic would still be of such urgent interest by the time it was published early this year? But, if anything, intervening events have made Barrett’s exploration of American Muslims more timely and important than ever. With the United States even more deeply embroiled in warfare in Iraqand Afghanistan, with sectarian conflict exploding within the Muslim world, with tensions high among Muslim populations in Europe, and with relations strained between some leaders of the Christian and Islamic religions, readers need as much information as they can get about Islam and its adherents. In his book, Barrett notes that, despite being targets of suspicion in the wake of the attacks of September 11, Muslims in America, as a group, offer a perfect illustration of old-fashioned American assimilation. Overall, they are prosperous, well-educated, politically active, and successful in business and the professions.
23.
It is clear from the passage that Paul Barrett’s book ----.. A) presents a socially, politically and economically very positive picture of Muslims in America B) focuses completely on the political achievements of Muslims in America C)
seems to present a somewhat cynical view of the way of life of American Muslims
D) is mainly concerned with how the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have affected American Muslims E) has failed to arouse any significant interest among American Muslim readers 24.
As one understands from the passage, in the aftermath of September 11, Muslims in America ---.. A) experienced a wide range of economic handicaps and political setbacks B)
formed a group that ambitiously pursued their professional objectives
C)
began to resist full assimilation into American society and culture
D)
began, according to Barrett, to be regarded as potentially dangerous
E) were involved in sectarian conflicts that divided them politically
25.
It is suggested in the passage that although Barrett’s book was published four years after its initial planning in 2003, ----.. A)
it has captured the attention of the reading public due to the events that took place during this period
B) the facts that it relayed about Muslims in America had already been revealed to the reading public C) the war in Iraq was deliberately excluded from it because of the uncertainty about the outcome D) its predictions about the consequences of the American involvement in the Middle East were proven by the developments during this period E) it dwelt solely on a comparison of Christianity and Islam, leaving out a number of other important current issues
26.
According to the passage, there are several reasons ----.. A) why the relations between the Christian and Muslim leaders in Europe have been broken B)
that can be put forward for the American involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan
C)
for the sectarian conflicts that are taking place in Iraq and elsewhere in the Muslim world
D) why readers should be attracted by any study, such as Barrett’s, related to Islam and Muslims E) for the war in Iraq, which has already increased tensions between the United States and Europe 27.
Weather forecasting involves predicting how the present state of the atmosphere will change. Present weather conditions are obtained by ground observations, observations from sea and aircraft, Doppler radars, and satellites. ----. These charts, maps, and graphs are then sent electronically to forecast offices, where local and regional weather forecasts are made. In addition, these offices prepare weather advisories and warnings of severe weather.. A) Electronically transmitted observations are generally used instead of charts, maps, and graphs B) Forecast offices send charts, maps, and graphs to satellites and other sources of information C) This information is sent to meteorological centres, where data are collected, analyzed, and made into charts, maps, and graphs D) Such equipment is controlled electronically by charts, maps, and graphs in forecast offices E) Weather advisories and warnings of severe weather help meteorologists to prepare charts, maps, and graphs
28.
Roy:- If you haven’t already read this account of Philip Morrison, make sure you do. Michael:- ---Roy:- That’s what impressed me most. He made important contributions in quantum electrodynamics among other things, and then gave courses on physics for poets!. A) Yes, I will. I’ve seen him on TV on several occasions, he’s both charming and amusing. B) Yes, I intend to. What was it that impressed you? C) I’ve already done so. The range of his interests and activities is amazing. D) Did you realize he was an assembler of the first atomic bomb? E) Of course. I was his student, you know, at Cornell University.
29.
I have read nearly all of Dickens’s novels, and A Tale of Two Cities is my favourite. . A) In my opinion, A tale of Two Cities is quite the best of all the novels by Dickens. B) Of all the novels by Dickens that I have read, and that’s most of them, A Tale of Two Cities remains my favourite. C) I’ve read a lot more novels by Dickens and still think A Tale of Two Cities is the best. D) I’ve really read a great many novels, but haven’t enjoyed any as much as Dickens’s A Tale of Two Cities. E) Of all these novels, A Tale of Two Cities by Dickens is certainly the one I enjoyed reading most.
30.
(I) American libraries in general have benefited greatly from private donations. (II) The largest and most importance library in the US is the Library of Congress. (III) This was established in the year 1800 for the use of members of congress. (IV) Before long, it became the national library. (V) It holds a position of high repute for its efforts to organize its services in the interests of scholars and seekers of information.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP 1
B
2
B
3
D
4
D
5
A
6
B
7
A
8
E
9
B
10
B
11
C
12
C
13
A
14
B
15
D
16
C
17
A
18
B
19
E
20
E
21
C
22
D
23
A
24
D
25
A
26
D
27
C
28
C
29
B
30
A
37
1.
Throughout history, many ---- in engineering and science have come about as the result of the development of weapons..
6.
When I accidentally broke Mrs Parker's antique Chinese vase, I felt as if I ---- a criminal.. A) am being
A) applications
B) have been
B) resolutions
C) am
C) representations
D) were
D) innovations
E) had been
E) amplifications 7. 2.
Much of our knowledge of the ---- lives of the ancient Romans has been derived from the excavations at Pompeii and nearby Herculaneum..
4.
A) With / within
A) pretentious
B) By / on
B) daily
C) From / in
C) complete
D) Of / for
D) convenient
E) Along / over
E) extensive 3.
---- its natural parks, lakes and desert areas, the Dominican Republic encompasses the diversity of an entire continent ---- an island setting..
In the resort areas of Greece, travel agents offer a wide range of excursions on air-conditioned coaches ---- qualified guides. .
According to neo-Darwinism, ---- mutation is recognised as the ultimate source of genetic variation, natural selection is given the dominant role in shaping the genetic make-up of populations..
A) accompanied by
A) however
B) put up with
B) although
C) adapted to
C) whether
D) designed for
D) before
E) turned into
E) unless
The “Concorde” was a business failure and fewer aircraft of this type ---- than ----..
8.
9.
Julius Caesar expected to rule for life, ---- he was assassinated by conspirators on 15 March in the year 44 B.C..
A) are sold / would be expected B) were sold / had been expected C) would be sold / are expected D) had been sold / were expected E) were being sold / have been expected
A) although B) because C) as D) if E) but
5.
Mike Tyson, once a very famous heavy weight boxer, ---- on a Bollywood career in an attempt --- his financial problems.. A) will embark / has solved B) embarked / having solved C) is going to embark / to solve D) has embarked / being solved E) is embarking / solved
10.
Many of the symptoms of anaemia ----, fatigue, weakness, irritability, lack of concentration may go unnoticed, as they can be considered as the result of physical and mental stress associated with a hectic schedule.. A) that is B) because of C) such as D) thanks to E) despite
11.
Of the company's three accountants, only one is useful; ---- deserve to be sent away.. A) they both B) all the others C) both the others D) each one E) each of them
12.
Products ---- diverse ---- rubber, tobacco, coffee, chocolate and aromatic oils for perfumes come from flowering plants.. A) as /as B) too / than C) both / and D) either / or E) not only / but also
13.
Scientists recently completed the largest-ever astronomical survey of the sky, during ---- they retained images that are expected to help them understand the origins of galaxies.. A) whose B) that C) when D) whom E) which
Among the earliest events in fruit fly development are those that determine which end of the egg cell will become the head and which end will become the tail. These events (I)---- in the ovaries of the mother fly and involve communication between an unfertilized egg cell and the cells next to it. One of the first genes activated in the egg cell produces a protein that leaves the egg cell and signals neighbouring follicle cells. Then these follicle cells (II) ---- to turn on genes for other proteins, which signal back to the egg cell. One of the egg cell’s responses isto localize a specific type of mRNA at one end of the cell. This mRNA marks theend of the egg (III) ---- the fly’s head will develop, and thus defines the fly’s head-to-tail axis. (IV) ----, other egg cell genes direct the positioning (V) ---the top-to-bottom and side-to side axes.
14.
I. A) instruct B) dispel C) embrace D) identify E) occur
15.
II. A) will be stimulated B) stimulate C) are stimulated D) have been stimulated E) are stimulating
16.
III. A) who B) what C) whom D) where E) how
17.
IV. A) On the contrary B) Similarly C) Nevertheless D) Despite this E) As a result
18.
V. A) behind B) to C) about D) of E) at
19.
If the brain were simpler, ----.. A) we have lots of data observed from identical twins B) the scientists can produce simulations of it C) we wouldn’t be smart enough to understand how it works D) our brains surely had a way of interfering with our minds E) some of us could cure genetically-determined illnesses
20.
----, the disagreement will continue.. A) While the primary concern is transparency through a secret ballot B) If the United Nations have agreed on the structure of the Assembly C) Until the nomination process was cancelled by the majority D) When the candidates for the position have been declared E) Unless African countries take a pragmatic approach
21.
Today, in what many people call the advanced industrialized countries, only 2 or 3% of the population earn their living from agriculture.. A) Günümüzde birçok insan, ileri düzeyde sanayileşmiş ülkelerde, tüm nüfusun sadece % 2’sinin veya 3’ünün tarımdan para kazandığını söylüyor. B) Günümüzde birçok insan, nüfusunun sadece % 2’si veya 3’ü tarımda çalışan ülkeleri ileri düzeyde sanayileşmiş ülkeler olarak görmektedir. C) Bugün, ileri düzeyde sanayileşmiş ülkelerde, yaşamlarını tarımdan kazanan insanların nüfusun sadece % 2’sini veya 3’ünü oluşturduğu bilinmektedir. D) Günümüzde, pek çok insanın ileri düzeyde sanayileşmiş ülkeler olarak adlandırdığı ülkelerde, nüfusun sadece % 2’si veya 3’ü geçimlerini tarımdan sağlamaktadır. E) Günümüzde, nüfusunun sadece % 2’sinin veya 3’ünün yaşamını tarımdan kazandığı ülkeler, ileri düzeyde sanayileşmiş ülkeler olarak düşünülmektedir.
22.
Bilgisayar programı, belirli görevleri yerine getirmek üzere bilgisayarı yönlendiren bir programlama dilindeki eksiksiz yapılandırılmış komutlar dizisidir.. A) It is the complete structured sequence of instructions in a programming language that directs a computer programme to carry out specific tasks. B) A computer programme carries out specific tasks through a complete structured sequence of instructions in a programming language. C) Both computer programmes and programming languages are known to carry out specific tasks according to a complete structured sequence of instructions. D) A computer programme, which provides a computer with the means necessary to carry out specific tasks, consists of a complete structured sequences of instructions. E) A computer programme is a complete structured sequence of instructions in a programming language which directs a computer to carry out specific tasks.
Despite millennia of preoccupation with every facet of human emotion, we are still far from explaining in a rigorous physiological sense this part of our mental experience. Neuroscientists have, in modern times, been especially concerned with the neural basis of such cognitive processes as perception and memory. They have for the most part ignored the brain's role in emotion. Yet in recent years, interest in this mysterious mental terrain has surged. Catalyzed by breakthroughs in understanding the neural basis of cognition and by an increasingly sophisticated knowledge of the anatomical organization and physiology of the brain, investigators have begun to tackle the problem of emotion. One quite rewarding area of research has been the inquiry into the relation between memory and emotion. Much of this examination has involved studies of one particular emotion - fear -and the manner in which specific events or stimuli come, through individual learning experiences, to evoke this state. Scientists have been able to determine the way in which the brain shapes how we form memories about this basic, but significant, emotional event. We call this process 'emotional memory'.
23.
It is clear from the passage that the relation between memory and emotion ----.. A) has been recognized since ancient times B) has recently proved to be a worthwhile subject of investigation C) is still widely regarded as of no scientific importance D) has led to a breakthrough in the study of the brain\'s physiology E) could lead to a better understanding of mental disorders related to fear
24.
According to the passage, neurologists ----.. A) believe that they are on the threshold of even more startling discoveries B) have limited their research to the brain\'s role in emotion C) have examined the brain so thoroughly that it now holds very few mysteries D) regard fear as the emotion least related to cognitive processes E) have, until recently, tended to overlook the possibility that the brain has a role to play in emotion
25.
It is suggested in the passage that there is a close link between ----.. A) the individual\'s mental experiences and his emotional development B) a person\'s emotional responses and the anatomy of his brain C) mental disorders and a person\'s emotional breakdown D) the physiology of the brain and the cognitive processes E) a person\'s experiences and the emotions evolved by the brain
26.
It is pointed out in the passage that, recently, there has been ----.. A) a whole series of advances in our understanding of the brain\'s function regarding emotion B) a set of discoveries that have led to a full understanding of cognitive processes C) a great deal of research into the question of how fear can be overcome D) much controversy over the process of E) much investigation into how each individual\'s emotional experiences differ from those of others
27.
---- In the argument, additional claims are made in support of the claim we are trying to persuade people to accept. But these additional claims may be challenged as well. Recognizing this, authors frequently anticipate the need to supply further support for their arguments.. A) Recognizing that people generally require reasons to accept a controversial claim, we set forth an argument. B) Distractions make it hard, even for reasonable people, to reliably differentiate between reasonable and unreasonable courses of action. C) We think of reason as the capacity to use disciplined intelligence to solve problems. D) The word 'argument' is ambiguous, for one of its senses is the dispute between two people. E) There comes a point for most people where it is no longer possible to suspend judgment.
28.
Gary:- Is this the website you like best when it comes to scientific news? Philip:- Yes, I suppose it is. It’s updated weekly and well-linked to related websites. Gary:- ---Philip:- That’s hard to say. So many scientific “facts” are being questioned these days.. A) Is it university-owned? B) Does it keep up with recent developments? C) What’s the level? College stuff? D) From a scientific point of view, how reliable is it? E) Does it cover all the sciences?
29.
You really must leave at once if you want to catch that train. . A) You’ll miss that train unless you set off immediately. B) So long as you leave soon you’ll have plenty of time for the train. C) The train is about to leave, so you ought to hurry up. D) You could have caught the train if you had left immediately. E) If you leave at once you might just manage to catch the train.
30.
(I) Coffee is another beverage that tends to be prepared and served differently in different countries. (II) The continuing slump in the price of raw coffee is causing hardship for growers on a scale unseen for decades. (III) The suffering is the worst in Central America, where the drop in coffee prices has coincided with drought. (IV) In Nicaragua, coffee farmers with malnourished children are begging for food by the roadsides. (V) In Peru, some families have abandoned their land, while others have turned to growing drug crops in their search for money.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP 1
D
2
B
3
A
4
B
5
C
6
D
7
A
8
B
9
E
10
C
11
C
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A
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E
14
E
15
C
16
D
17
B
18
D
19
C
20
E
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D
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E
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B
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E
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E
26
A
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A
28
D
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A
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A
38
1.
No achievement can please Islamic extremists more than a break with what they ---- as the Christian West..
6.
It ---- heartbreaking for space fans if Spirit and Opportunity, the twin Martian rovers, ---- on the Red Planet all these years, only to be shut down and lost for good due to budget cuts..
A) exclude A) would have been / had survived
B) confirm
B) were / would survive
C) abolish
C) are / will survive
D) view
D) have been / survive
E) establish
E) will be / survived 2.
Frederick Taylor is ---- known as the founder of the scientific management movement..
7.
A) alternatively
3.
B) fluently
A) of / on
C) hopefully
B) for / to
D) widely
C) over / with
E) sensitively
D) within / from E) in / at
I couldn’t ---- why they were shouting so loudly.. A) set up
8.
B) keep up
4.
This unnamed junk file continued to occupy valuable storage space ---- the user wiped the whole memory card..
C) rely on
A) since
D) make out
B) if
E) put off
C) until D) while
The book ---- a surprisingly interesting account of the geography of Great Britain and there ---- a need for such a book for a long time now.. A) would give / had been B) had given / was C) has given / is
5.
Because of Earth’s rotation, a person near the equator travels a longer distance ---- a given time than does a person ---- higher latitudes..
E) so long as 9.
Citizens of countries that are members of the EU, as well as citizens from the US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, do not need a visa to visit Germany ---- their stay does not exceed three months..
D) gives / has been
A) whereas
E) is giving / was
B) as if
Upon ---- that olive leaves are good for the treatment of cancer, many people in Greece didn't hesitate ---- almost fifty Euros for a kilo of these "magic" leaves.. A) to hear / to be paid B) hearing / to pay C) to have heard / paying D) heard / to have paid E) hear / paid
C) so long as D) whether E)
so that
10.
---- writing and literature, some notable accomplishments of the Mesopotamians include weaving fabrics or textiles, metalworking, and irrigation.. A) Despite B) Whether C) In addition to D) Due to E) In terms of
11.
The impression I got was that the director has completely given up ---- hopes he may at one time have cherished.. A) as many B) such C) every D) any E) so many
12.
The organization ---- advises industrial firms on their day-to-day psychological problems, --- gives vocational advice to school leavers.. A) both / but B) thus / also C) more / and D) even / so E) not only / but also
13.
The members of the special commission on crime, some of ---- were appointed by the mayor, still meet on a regular basis.. A) that B) whose C) whom D) who E) which
Names and numbers were causing trouble long before the Internet age. Biology had a naming crisis in the 17th and 18th centuries. The problem wasn’t so much a shortage of names but an excess of (I) ----.Plants and animals (II) ---by many different names indifferent places. Then came the great reform of Carolus Linnaeus and his system of Latin binomials, (III) ---- each organism by genus and species. The new scheme revolutionized taxonomy, not because there is any magic in Latin or in two-part names, but because Linnaeus and his (IV) ---- laboured to preservea strict one-to-one mapping between names and organisms. Official codes of nomenclature continue to enforce this rule – one name, one species – although rooting out synonyms and homonyms is a (V)---- struggle.
14.
I. A) them B) that C) theirs D) those E) themselves
15.
II. A) were to be known B) would be known C) are known D) were known E) will be known
16.
III. A) to have been identifying B) identified C) to have identified D) to be identifying E) identifying
17.
IV. A) participants B) followers C) occupants D) suppliers E) practitioners
18.
V. A) constant B) primary C) rapid D) similar E) partial
19.
He says that if any such evidence existed, ----.. A) they will conduct the experiment under controlled conditions B) he is most probably wrong in interpreting the evidence C) it would have been published in a scientific journal D) there can be some counterclaims regarding the sample E) you might as well follow the advice from the researchers
20.
----, but it is easy to see proof of major market failures there as well.. A) It is possible for trade policy to ignore national welfare altogether B) Domestic market failure calls for domestic policy changes based on cost-benefit analysis C) Most deviations from free trade result in market failure D) We need to realize that economic theory does not provide a dogmatic defence of free trade E) The evidence that markets perform poorly is a little less obvious in advanced countries
21.
Economists, like other social scientists, are sometimes confronted with the assertion that their discipline is not a science.. A) Diğer sosyal bilimciler gibi, ekonomistler de zaman zaman kendi alanlarının bir bilim olmadığı iddiasıyla karşı karşıya kalırlar. B) Ekonomistler ve diğer sosyal bilimciler zaman zaman alanlarının bir bilim olmadığı şeklinde bir iddiayla karşılaşırlar. C) Ekonomistler gibi sosyal bilimciler de bazen kendi alanlarının bir bilim alanı olmadığı iddialarıyla karşılaşabilirler. D) Diğer sosyal bilimciler kadar ekonomistlerin de zaman zaman karşı karşıya kaldığı iddia, alanlarının bir bilim alanı olmadığıdır. E) Alanlarının bir bilim alanı olmadığı iddiasıyla bazen diğer sosyal bilimciler gibi ekonomistler de karşılaşırlar.
22.
İnsanlar göç ettiklerinde ev sahibi kültür ve diğer göç eden kültür gruplarıyla yakın ilişkiden kaçınmanın neredeyse imkansız olduğunu anlarlar.. A) The people who migrate usually find it nearly impossible not to mix with members of the host culture or with other immigrant culturegroups. B) Those who migrate soon realize how hard it is not to make close contact with members ofthe host culture and indeed with other immigrant groups. C) When people migrate, they find it almost impossible to avoid close contact with members of the host culture and with other immigrant cultural groups. D) When people migrate, they are unavoidably forced into close contact with members of the host culture as with other immigrant culture groups. E) If people migrate, it is almost inevitable that they should find themselves in close contact with members of the host culture as well as with other immigrant cultural groups.
Today the world faces a growing crisis over the management of its great rivers. In recent years, most of the great rivers in the world, such as the Yellow River in China, the Indus, the Colorado, and the Nile, have all periodically run empty because mankind has used their every last drop. Indeed, there is a huge unmet demand in the world for water. More than a billion people have no access to clean drinking water, and while it is hoped that this figure will be halved by 2015, nobody is sure where the water will come from.With today’s trends, one-third of the world population will be seriously short of water by 2025. Politicians in China, India, Pakistan, Egypt and other water stressed countries want their water engineers to find solutions – and fast.
23.
In the passage, there is a clear warning that, ---.. A) sooner or later, water shortages could lead to serious political crises in China and other countries B) despite the solutions proposed by water engineers, the people of China, India, Pakistan, and Egypt will soon face a serious shortage of water C) unless more precautions are taken, more than a billion people will have almost no access to water in the near future D) so long as politicians remain indifferent to the growing water crisis in the world, most countries will be unable to provide clean drinking water for their people E)
24.
by the end of the first quarter of this century, there will be a severe water shortage affecting one-third of the world population
According to the passage, the water resources of the world ----.. A) are largely confined to the Indus and the Nile B)
have been increased through the solutions proposed by water engineers, and so the need for clean drinking water will be met well before 2015
C)
are so limited that it is doubtful whether the number of people with no access to clean drinking water can be halved, as hoped, by 2015
D) have become a major concern among politicians in many countries and, therefore, new policies have been proposed for an efficient management of the great rivers E) need to be upgraded by 2025 in order to catch up with the growth rate of the world population
25.
As can be understood from the passage, the fact that even some great rivers have from time to time run dry due to the overuse of their capacity ----.. A) demonstrates how the growth of the populations in some countries has had an adverse effect on the water resources B) shows how irresponsible the water engineers of most countries have been C) signifies that there must be a national water authority in each country for the preservation of the water resources D) makes it urgent for water engineers to discover new water resources in the southwestern US E) is a clear indication of how urgent the demand for water is in the world today
26.
One concludes from the passage that efficient management of the water resources of the world is essential ----.. A)
if the growing worldwide demand for water is to be met adequately
B) and the waters of the Nile and the Indus, in particular, must not be used so wastefully C)
since China and India, with their large populations, are heading for a serious shortage of water well before 2015
D) as one-third of the population in China is unable to get clean drinking water E) in order to maintain political stability in the countries most affected by an acute shortage of drinking water 27.
1968 was an extraordinary year, quite similar to1848, with its wave of revolution. ---- Indeed, international youth culture fostered a sense of collective identity. The new media relayed images of civil rights protest in the United States to Europe and broadcast news and pictures about the Vietnam War. The wave of unrest shook the West. Moreover, traditional political parties had little idea what to make of these new movements and those who participated in them.. A) The Iron Curtain had established one of the most rigid borders in European history. B) The civil rights movement had enormous significance for the twentieth century. C) On the other hand, legal changes would not have occurred without the women’s movements in the West. D) The revolutionary spirit at the time was intensely international. E) The conservative traditions of the West made intellectual reform difficult in the post-war period.
28.
Brian:- Have you read this book, Water Follies? Peter:- No I haven’t; but I’ve heard a lot about it. It focuses on how much water is being wasted, doesn’t it? Brian:- ---Peter:- Good! It’s time someone took a firm stand against the waste. . A) That’s right. And it’s pretty critical of man for being so unconcerned about this waste. B) No. It actually concentrates on ground water. C) Yes. Most people seem to think ground water is boundless. D) And the gold-mining industry is attacked for its vast “dewatering” operations. E) And the consequences include dry rivers and land subsidence.
29.
John finished his homework before I was even half–way through mine.. A) When John’s homework was finished mine wasn’t even half done. B) By the time John had finished his homework I had hardly begun mine. C) I did half of the homework and then John finished it. D) When John’s homework was finished I started to do some of mine. E) John finished his homework quickly, but I had twice as much to do.
30.
(I) If you ever walk on one of Carl Andre's metal ground sculptures, you will begin to grasp the unique qualities of his work. (II) Andre, in fact, encourages viewers to walk on his pieces. (III) Actually, the prices are not excessive if one takes into consideration this careful attention to detail. (IV) Over the years, the footsteps have served to burnish the metal in the same way as a moving train burnishes the train tracks. (V) In other words, Andre is actually inviting his viewers to actively contribute to his art.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP 1
D
2
D
3
D
4
D
5
B
6
A
7
E
8
C
9
C
10
C
11
D
12
E
13
C
14
A
15
D
16
E
17
B
18
A
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C
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E
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A
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C
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E
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C
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E
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A
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D
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A
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C
39
1.
2.
Several of my friends have entered the ----, but none of them expects to win..
6.
If they ---- what sort of a person he was, they ---him their support..
A) performance
A) would know / didn’t give
B) application
B) knew / won’t give
C) competition
C) had known / wouldn’t have given
D) responsibility
D) would have known / hadn’t given
E) vacancy
E) have known / haven’t given
Because of the time needed to develop expertise, scientists tend to continue working in a single area for a ---- length of time, perhaps even throughout their lives..
7.
Perhaps the most crucial factor ---- patient noncompliance is poor verbal communication ---the practitioner and the patient.. A) for / by
A) substantial
B) of / among
B) thorough
C) about / of
C) moderate
D) in / between
D) qualitative
E) to / for
E) comprehensive 8. 3.
If your brother phones, be sure to ask him if he really has ---- smoking..
Most developing countries do not have China’s bureaucratic depth and tradition, ---- do they have the ability to control personnel in the way that China’s party structure allows..
A) given up A) nor
B) put away
B) so
C) made out
C) much as
D) opened up
D) the more
E) turned off
E) not only 4.
The Society ---- to assist scientific achievement and ---- forward to a century of even greater innovation and exploration..
9.
A) will continue / has looked
5.
Some popular diet books have misled consumers with deceptive claims; ----, they fail to provide an assessment of the results of their treatment plans for obesity. .
B) has continued / had looked
A) furthermore
C) continues / is looking
B) nevertheless
D) had continued / looks
C) even so
E) would continue / will be looking
D) otherwise E) on the contrary
The Roma people are believed ---- to Europe around the beginning of the last millennium.. 10. A) migrated
Poisoning ---- drug overdose is a frequent and still increasing cause of admission to hospital..
B) to have migrated C) having migrated D) migrating E) to be migrating
A) according to B) due to C) on behalf of D) in excess of E) in spite of
11.
They are in no way responsible; we must face the fact that we have only ---- to blame.. A) itself B) ours C) them D) themselves E) ourselves
12.
The purpose of this bridge project is ---to eliminate the cause of such accidents ---- to keep traffic moving at a steady rate.. A) only / but also B) both / and C) not only / and D) as much / than E) for / by
13.
Galileo originated the method of controlled experiment ---- now forms the basis of scientific investigation.. A) what B) who C) where D) whom E) which
Small planes should be safe enough for normal, non-ris-taking people to trust their lives to them. NASA wants (I) --- the accident rate by 90 per cent within twenty-five years.The planes should become fast enough for their effective speed to be at least three times (II) ---- great as that of cars on the highway. The existing small-plane fleet averages 150 knots; that should be raised to 300 knots within a decade, and eventually to 450 knots, (III) ---small planes could compete with the jetliners’ speed. The planes should be more efficient and environmentally safer, using less fuel, creating less pollution, and generating less noise. They should be more (IV)---- in their operations and far simpler to fly, much like cars that vary little from one rental site to another. And they should be radically more reliable and cheaper to maintain – following the example of automobiles, with their quality revolution (V) ----the 1980s and 1990s.
14.
I. A) to have reduced B) reducing C) having reduced D) to reduce E) to have been reducing
15.
II. A) as B) such C) much D) so E) more
16.
III. A) if only B) in that C) so that D) by which E) as if
17.
IV. A) tentative B) consistent C) deliberate D) reluctant E) recurrent
18.
V. A) at B) for C) about D) of E) with
19.
The language game is similar to other games in that it is structured by rules ----.. A) upon which certain notions have not yet been defined clearly by linguists B) which provide a picture of a world without laws C) so that individuals are initiated into their own society and culture by their parents D) which speakers learn simply by belonging to a particular speech community E) and these are completely irrelevant to the actual users of the language
20.
There are hundreds of mental or cognitive ability tests available worldwide, ----.. A) while aptitude tests are typically used to predict future performance B) therefore new applicants are assumed to be more successful in such tests C) so people need to study very hard if they want to get a good score D) though people have to be careful and make sure they know their mental ability E) yet the number of people who value their results remains very low
21.
Kenya, a country famous for its safaris and coffee, is situated on the east coast of Africa. . A) Safarileri ve kahvesiyle bilinen ve bir Afrika ülkesi olan Kenya, kıtanın doğu kıyısında yer alır. B) Afrika’nın doğu kıyısında yer alan Kenya, hem safarileri hem de kahvesiyle ünlü bir ülkedir. C) Safarileri ve kahvesiyle ünlü bir ülke olan Kenya, Afrika’nın doğu kıyısında yer alır. D) Kenya, safarileri ve kahvesiyle tanınan bir ülke olarak Afrika’nın doğu kıyısında bulunmaktadır. E) Afrika’nın doğu kıyısında bulunan Kenya, safarileri ve kahvesiyle ünlü bir ülke olarak bilinmektedir
22.
Televizyonun yetişkinler üzerindeki etkisi net olmasa da, çocukların davranış oluşumunda önemli bir rol oynadığı kesindir.. A) The impact of television on adults is unclear, but it certainly plays a minor role in character formation in children. B) The impact of television on adults is not clear cut, but it clearly plays an important role in behaviour formation in children. C) Clearly, television plays an important role in the development of children but has no impact at all on adults. D) Although the impact of television on adults is not clear-cut, it is certain that television plays an important part in behaviour formation in children. E) Adults are little affected by television, but it certainly plays a vital role in character development in children.
The huge ice sheet covering Greenland, which is the world’s largest island, provides a habitat for many arctic species and holds nearly 8 per cent of the world’s freshwater. It is, on average, 5, 000 feet thick and is constantly being replaced as snow falls each winter. Over the course of centuries, the snow compacts into ice, which slides towards the ocean. In recent years, higher atmospheric concentrations of heat-trapping gases have accelerated that process.As temperatures rise, the top layers melt, giving way to darker, heat-absorbing ice and liquid water. The melt water seeps down to the rock below, lubricating the ice mass and speeding its slide into the sea.
23.
26.
A)
C) will soon lose its ice mass, since the amount of snowfall on the island each winter has dropped dramatically over the course of the last few centuries D) not only accommodates different kinds of arctic species but also preserves a significant amount of the world’s freshwater
A) focuses on the importance of Greenland as a major source of the world’s freshwater
E) can no longer provide a habitat for some arctic species that have lived on the island over the course of many centuries 27.
C) deals in detail with the causes of global warming and its effects on the arctic species in Greenland D) explains how global warming is having an environmental impact on Greenland’s ice mass E) extensively describes the process whereby the ice mass of Greenland has formed over the course of centuries 24.
One reason people prefer watching films in cinemas to sitting at home with a DVD is that 35 mm-film projectors render a richer range of colours, closer to what the human eye can perceive. ---- The film shown in cinemas, by contrast, manages around 60%. But such film has a fundamental problem: every time a print is projected, it is degraded, and eventually it has to be replaced.. A) A conventional plasma-screen television set produces only 50% of the range of colour.
It is pointed out in the passage that the slide into the ocean of the ice mass in Greenland ----..
B) Projectionists thus take great pride in their abilities.
A) has caused much damage to a wide range of arctic species and their habitat
C) This has made the majority of DVDs more popular lately.
B) can be prevented completely so long as temperatures are stable
D) Cinema films naturally have disadvantages as well as advantages.
C)
E) Hollywood studios, in fact, aim for a range of colours that are as rich as the human eye can perceive.
is of vital importance because, through this process, the world’s freshwater capacity is increased
D) has only been observed in recent years, but environmentally, this phenomenon is of no significance E) has been faster than usual in recent years as a result of global warming 25.
is so affected by the atmospheric concentrations of heat-trapping gases that the amount of the melt water on the island has risen to a dangerous level
B) has lost much of its freshwater capacity due to the process of extensive melting which has been going on for centuries
As one can see, the passage ----..
B) is mainly concerned with the geographical features of Greenland’s surface and highlights its natural beauty
As pointed out in the passage, Greenland, with its 5, 000-foot-thick ice sheet, ----..
According to the passage, when the top layers of the ice sheet melt, ----.. A)
the ice mass ceases to slide towards the ocean
28.
Larry:- They’re holding a young designers’ competition for designing a robot to put out a house fire. Tony:- I think you mean to blow out a candle! Larry:- ---Tony:- But you are right. The final aim is, of course, to put out house fires.. A) Well, at this stage, that’s all they’re asking for. B) Do you think they ever will?
B) water seeps down to the rocks below aiding the ice mass to slide into the sea
C) That shouldn’t be too difficult. The real problem is to locate the fire.
C) it has an adverse effect on various arctic species
D) If it could set off an alarm even, that would be useful, wouldn’t it?
D)
the rock under the ice mass is fully exposed
E) there is a noticeable increase in the volume of liquid water
E) Once a fire takes hold it becomes a major problem.
29.
Sally made her own costume for the school play, but she was the only one to do so.. A) Sally was the only one who helped to make the costumes for the school play. B) Sally helped to make the costumes for the school play, but no one else did. C) Sally made the costume she wore in the school play herself, but none of the others made theirs. D) Except for Sally, no one helped to make the costumes for the school play. E) It was only Sally who needed a special costume for the school play; none of the others did.
30.
(I) If you travel across America, you will see some of the great sights of the natural world. (II) Between Alaska's forests and Florida's swamps you will cross the Rocky Mountains, the deserts of Arizona, the Mississippi and much else. (III) Vast areas of the world's largest temperate rainforest have been cut down. (IV) You will be struck by the magnificence of what you see. (V) You will be struck, too, by the battering that nature has taken.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP 1
C
2
A
3
A
4
C
5
B
6
C
7
D
8
A
9
A
10
B
11
E
12
B
13
E
14
D
15
A
16
C
17
B
18
D
19
D
20
E
21
C
22
D
23
D
24
E
25
B
26
D
27
A
28
A
29
C
30
C
40
1.
To achieve and ---- fitness, a person needs to exercise only 30 minutes three times a week..
6.
Julius Caesar ---- a great historian if the making of history ---- him the time and the inclination to write it..
A) maintain A) could be / could have allowed
B) determine
B) would be / allowed
C) include
C) had been / would have allowed
D) demonstrate
D) would have been / could allow
E) train
E) could have been / had allowed 2.
The meridians are ---- counted from the meridian of the observatory of Greenwich, in England, which is called the zero meridian..
7.
When he had grown accustomed to their ways, he began to feel an increasing admiration ---- and understanding ---- their tribal customs..
A) traditionally A) of / by
B) suitably
B) to / in
C) previously
C) from / for
D) notably
D) for / of
E) markedly
E) over / at 3.
In this test, the candidate is shown as many as 20 different pictures of persons and scenes, and is asked to ---- a story about each..
8.
I could only manage to run for about two kilometres ---- I took up sports seriously seven years ago..
A) put out A) since
B) make up
B) even as
C) put up
C) while
D) take to
D) when
E) look into
E) rather than 4.
Richard ---- at 1 o’clock just as we ---- to have our lunch..
9.
A) arrived / were starting
Black market activity has grown as an alternative source of goods and services, ---- it is ultimately dependent in various ways on legal economic activity..
B) has arrived / started A) though
C) would arrive / have started
B) despite
D) is arriving / would be starting
C) even
E) was arriving / will start
D) now that 5.
The Ig Nobel Prizes, a parody of the Nobel Prizes ---- for ten achievements that make people ----.. A) have been given / laughing B) were given / to laugh
E) once 10.
Japan, which is the world's second largest market for mobile phones, plans to limit their use ---growing concern about the impact of electromagnetic radiation on the brain..
C) are given / laugh D) had been given / laughed E) will be given / to have laughed
A) in case of B) as a result of C) in spite of D) by means of E) in terms of
11.
Though the cloakroom was very crowded, she managed to find ---- coat fairly quickly, but it took me along time to find ----.. A) theirs / our B) his / its C) our / us D) her / mine E) hers / theirs
12.
Physicists certainly know ---- about the universe now ---- ever before.. A) so much /that B) enough / just as C) both / and D) more / than E) as well / as
13.
Could this possibly be the firm’s new buyer ---reputation, if we are able to believe the newspapers, is not quite what it should be.. A) whom B) which C) whatever D) what E) whose
Although radon causes many deaths, it is clear that al ot of them are preventable. Radon tests are cheap, and when the gas (I) ----, diverting it from buildings is (II)---- a simple matter of fitting vents, fans or membranes. (III) ---in people’s homes, rates of testing and remediation have been slow-moving. And (IV) ---- it comes to work places, the dangers (V) ---- radon are barely recognized.
14.
19.
----, while larger sailing cruisers are used for long-distance racing.. A) Smaller sail boats are used for weekend and holiday cruising B) Many different types of smaller sailing dinghies have gone on the market
I.
C) Fibre glass has helped extend the use of smaller boats to more people
A) was found
D) The yacht Maiden was used to compete in a long race with the first female crew
B) is found
E) The kayak is the most popular type of canoe in Europe
C) will find D) finds
20.
I am reading that article on maritime law ----..
E) found A) which has caused so much controversy 15.
II. A) hardly
C) while it was highly recommended
B) ever
D) that I can't explain it
C) never
E) so that you lend it to me
D) usually E) finally 16.
III. A) Though B) Also C) Just D) If E) Yet
17.
IV. A) while B) when C) until D) since E) after
18.
B) if I can find it
V. A) within B) at C) in D) on E) of
21.
Strolling alone in the park, Onur watched a pair of kites overhead, and remembered his childhood friend, Hasan.. A) Parkta tek başına yürürken Onur’a çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırlatan, başının üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtma oldu. B) Parkta tek başına yürürken Onur’a, başının üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtma çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırlattı. C) Tek başına parkta yürüyen Onur, başının üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtmayı izleyince çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırladı. D) Parkta tek başına yürüyen Onur, başının üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtmayı seyrettikçe çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırladı. E) Parkta tek başına yürürken Onur, başının üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtmayı seyretti ve çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırladı.
22.
Halk hikayeleri yazılı bir şekilde korunmaya alınmadan önce, aynı ilgiye sahip bir grup insan bir araya geldiği zaman tekrar anlatılan basit hikayelerdi.. A) Until they were preserved in written form, folktales were just stories told whenever a group with similar interests came together. B) Before folktales were preserved in written form, they were simple stories retold when a group of people with the same interests gathered. C) Long after folktales had been written down, stories were still told when groups of people of similar interests gathered together. D) The telling of stories when groups of people with shared interests came together continued even after folktales had been written down. E) Stories were still being told to groups of people, with shared interests who came together to hear them though some folktales had already been written down.
Dark matter is the invisible and mysterious material that makes up 22 per cent of the stuff in the universe. It is one of the greatest scientific unknowns. It does not emit light; nor does it reflect light or absorb it. While we are unable to see dark matter itself, we are able to create maps of it. We can clearly pinpoint its location by observing the effects of its mass on light from distant galaxies. This can be explained with reference to Einstein, who points out that a massive object will curve the fabric of space and that light will follow this deformed path. So we can look at how light from galaxies has been bent and, consequently, infer the quantity and location of the matter that did the bending. In fact, by using this method, a team of astronomers have recently managed to create the first three-dimensional map of the immense structure of dark matter.
26.
A) focuses solely on the process whereby Einstein was able to locate dark matter B) deals with the nature of dark matter and how its presence has been revealed C) clearly explains where in space dark matter can be located and observed D) sheds a great deal of light on the amount of research astronomers have done E) largely dwells on the question of how light from galaxies becomes curved in space 27.
23.
One understands from the passage that dark matter ----.. A) has a very complex structure that has caused much controversy among astronomers B) has been thoroughly explored and studied by a number of astronomers C) accounts for more than half of the material that makes up the universe
B) The amount of rain water in India is on the increase.
E) with its great mass was already known by Einstein and a team of astronomers
B) has been an easy task for astronomers, since they know its exact location C) was originally suggested by Einstein, but it isonly now that this has been achieved D) has revealed a much closer and more extensive interaction among galaxies E) was first attempted by Einstein, who had already studied the light emitted by galaxies 25.
C) Hardships among Indian farmers are increasing. D) Farming is no longer a concern in India.
It is pointed out in the passage that the mapping of dark matter ----.. A) has only been possible on the basis of a theory formulated by Einstein
It is clear from the passage that the mass and size of dark matter ----.. A) have been measured through the use of a three dimensional map of space B) have ceased to be one of the greatest mysteries ever known in science C) distort the fabric of space and, therefore, can not be explored properly D) are so immense that it is out of question to study them in detail E) can only be understood through the curves made by the light from galaxies
---- Most of the water-intensive agriculture in the nation takes place in Punjab, a state in the northwest that makes up 2% of the country’s territory. But it provides more than 50% of its grain reserves. Farmers there currently pump out 45% more groundwater than is replaced by monsoon rains. The problem has arisen in part because Punjabi farmers have turned away from growing traditional crops that are suited for semi-arid land, such as wheat and corn, and turned instead to more profitable, but waterintensive, rice.. A) Punjab has the best agricultural land in India.
D) has a bending effect on the light that comes from distant galaxies
24.
One can maintain that the passage ----..
E) India is running out of water for its crops. 28.
Michelle :- It says here that the Russian Space Agency has developed a new alternative to NASA’s space shuttle. Don :- ---Michelle:- Kliper, and it seems that it has gained a lot of interest from the European Space Agency and Japan. Don :- Well, let’s hope they get enough money to get it off the ground. . A) Well it’s high time somebody did so. B) Oh? What’s it called? Has it drawn any scientific attention? C)
I wonder if it will be reliable.
D) Is it as complex as the space shuttle? E) Really? Will it be able to be re-launched like the shuttle is?
29.
Most of the students had worked hard and so they did quite well in the examination.. A) Most students work hard before an examination and so do well. B) A majority of the students got good grades in the examination as they had prepared well for it. C) The students who do best in an examination are the ones who work hardest. D) Quite a lot of the students did very well indeed in the examination. E) Almost all of the hard-working students got very high grades in the examination.
30.
(I) The bicycle is grossly unappreciated. (II) It takes us where we want to go, and makes streets great places to be in, rather than to drive through. (III) There is a constant call to get youths off the streets - but that's exactly where they should be. (IV) Following the popularity of mountain bikes, there is now a wide range of city bikes on the markets. (V) In fact, it's where we all should be enjoying our streets and communities; and not hiding away alone in our homes.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP 1
A
2
A
3
B
4
A
5
C
6
E
7
D
8
D
9
A
10
B
11
D
12
D
13
E
14
B
15
D
16
E
17
B
18
E
19
A
20
A
21
E
22
B
23
D
24
A
25
E
26
B
27
E
28
B
29
B
30
D
41
1.
2.
They still haven't come to an ---- about which play they are going to put on next term..
6.
It wouldn’t have surprised me if he ---- after that incident..
A) opinion
A) resigned
B) assessment
B) had resigned
C) appointment
C) were to resign
D) agreement
D) has resigned
E) event
E) would’ve resigned
He’s a terribly ---- person and never thinks at all of the needs or the wishes of other people..
7.
The Weddell seal can swim under the ice ---- a depth of 500 metres ---- more than an hour without coming up for air..
A) nervous A) to / between
B) sensitive
B) in / during
C) extravagant
C)
D) reliable
at / for
D) on / through
E) selfish
E) with / about 3.
4.
5.
Geology, the science of the Earth, is ---- several branches including mineralogy, petrology, stratigraphy, palaeontology and tectonics..
8.
It is as if children with serious illnesses lose their childhood ---- they have to grow up quickly..
A) divided into
A) so that
B) designed for
B) whereas
C) troubled by
C) until
D) brought upon
D) while
E) settled into
E) since
The scientific method ---- mankind’s greatest means of discovery and progress ever since it was formulated..
9.
---- schools encourage children to read printed books more often, the library, in its traditional form, will eventually disappear..
A) would have been
A) Whenever
B) was
B) Whereas
C) would be
C) Since
D) had been
D) However
E) has been
E) Unless
Whooping cough is an infectious disease that ---children especially, making them cough and have difficulty ----..
10.
Deaf people could one day have their hearing restored ---- a ground breaking gene therapy technique..
A) is affecting / to breathe
A) rather than
B) affected / breathed
B) by means of
C) affects / breathing
C) contrary to
D) has affected / breathes
D) in addition to
E) had affected / is breathing
E) as well as
11.
He turned down the offer on grounds of health, but I think there were ---- reasons behind his decision.. A) any B) another C) such D) some other E) any other
12.
Women are ---- likely ---- men to discuss mental health problems with their general practice physician.. A) so / much B) also / as C) more / than D) too / for E) as / that
13.
There are situations ---- the best way to heal the patient is to help him die peacefully.. A) from where B) in that C) whence D) for whom E) in which
Probably every literate person is familiar with the famous relativity equation: E=mc2. (I)---- by Albert Einstein in 1905, this equation has been used by many scientists. In fact, it is (II) ----formula in modern physics. (III) ----no new theory has as yet invalidated this fundamental equation, though physicists are (IV) ---- testing its validity by means of experiments. The latest one of (V) ---- experiments was conducted last year at the Institute Laue-Langevin.
14.
19.
A) when the illness develops in later life B) which leads to profound changes in personality, behaviour and perception C) that modern treatment approaches through drugs and rehabilitation D) because it was characterized by delusions and hallucinations
I.
E) whether it is more common in males
A) To be formulated B) To formulate
20.
C) Formulating D) Formulated
Researchers in Northern Ireland questioned a group of young mothers to find out ----.. A) how many of them have been unable to attend the local clinic
E) Having formulated 15.
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder ----..
B) whether they are benefiting from the services of health professionals
II.
C) if there has been a need for emotional support A) more famous than
D) what specialist services will be most appreciated
B) the most famous
E) why they had given up breastfeeding
C) most famous D) more famous
21.
E) famous 16.
III.
The change in temperature distribution in the Arctic would also affect ocean currents in the Atlantic, which would, in turn, influence atmospheric circulation in the region. . A)
Kuzey kutup dairesindeki sıcaklık değişimi Atlantik okyanusunda akıntıları da etkileyeceği için bölgede atmosfer dönüşümü de değişecektir.
B)
Kuzey kutbunda sıcaklık dağılımının değişmesi sonucu, Atlantik’teki okyanus akıntıları da buna karşılık bölgedeki hava dolaşımını etkileyecektir
A) However B) Although C) Nevertheless
C) Kutuplarda sıcaklık değişiminin dağılımı Atlantik’te de okyanus akıntıları üzerinde etki gösterecek, buna bağlı olarak, bölgedeki atmosfer basıncı da etkilenecektir.
D) Still E) Moreover 17.
D) Sıcaklık dağılımının kutuplardaki değişimi Atlantik’te okyanus akıntılarına da yansıyacak, bu da bölgenin hava dolaşımı üzerinde etkili olacaktır.
IV. A) effortlessly
E)
B) continually C) recklessly D) fundamentally E) strongly 18.
22.
Kuzey kutup bölgesinde sıcaklık dağılımındaki değişme Atlantik’teki okyanus akıntılarını da etkileyecek, dolayısıyla, bu durum bölgedeki hava dolaşımını etkileyecektir.
Başkan Bush, Amerikan yardımının Afrika'daki iyi yönetilen, liberal ekonomiye sahip ülkelere yönlendirmek istediğini söylüyor..
V. A) most B) any C) whose D) such E) as such
A) President Bush admits to wishing to direct American aid towards the well-ruled countries in Africa with liberal economies. B) President Bush says he wants to direct American aid towards well-governed countries in Africa with liberal economies. C) President Bush wishes he could direct American aid to Africa\'s well-organized countries with progressive economies. D) The African countries with liberal governments and progressive economies are, according to President Bush, deserving of American aid. E) President Bush is in favor of directing American aid to the reformist countries of Africa with progressive economies.
Using coal to make electricity accounts for about a third of America’s carbon emissions. As a result, tackling emissions from coal-fired power plants represents our best opportunity to make sharp reductions in greenhouse gases. Fortunately, the United States already has the technology to do that. Unfortunately, right now the country is addicted to coal, a cheap, abundant power source. Burning coal produces more than half the country’s electricity, despite its immense human and environmental costs. Air pollutants from coal-fired power plants cause somewhere between 20, 000 and 30, 000 premature deaths in the United States each year. Besides, fifty tons of mercury are pumped into the atmosphere annually from coal plants. In addition, the extraction of coal, from West Virginia to Wyoming, devastates the physical environment, and its processing and burning produce gigantic volumes of waste.
26.
A) clearly explains the adverse effects that coal fired power plants have in America B) criticizes the United States government for not following a clear energy policy C) is fully in favour of the use of coal, as it is a readilyavailable and cheap energy source D) calls for the development of new technologies for the reduction of carbon emissions E) is worried about how gigantic volumes of power plant waste can be efficiently treated 27.
23.
It is stated in the passage that coal-fired power plants in the United States ----.. A) are noted for lower carbon emissions than other kinds of power plants
C) produce a great amount of the country’s electricity
B) That is, to make a good friend, we first have to be a good friend
D) are blamed more for mercury emissions than for carbon emissions
C) But it is hard to know when a colleague is going to be a great friend
E) have caused widespread environmental destruction in West Virginia and Wyoming
D) Friendship, however, is about give and take to a great extent E) Thus, when you meet someone you like, don’t be shy about asking their phone number
Emphasis is put on the fact that the United States ----.. A) has the ability to drastically decrease greenhouse gases in the country
28.
B) has developed efficient technologies for the prevention of environmental pollution C) is the only country in the world that largely depends on coal for its energy needs
B)
Obviously, much research has gone into it.
C) All I know about early computers is that they were incredibly large.
E) is seriously concerned about the human and environmental effects of its energy policy
D) That doesn’t sound very interesting to me! E) It’s hard to imagine life without either of them, isn’t it?
As one learns from the passage, coal ----.. A) has always been used as a primary source of energy, but new technologies are needed to extract it more cheaply
Andrew :- This book is about the early history of the computer and the Internet. Mark :- ---Andrew :- Actually it is. It places them firmly into the social background of the period. . A) Weren’t early computers more or less typewriters?
D) has made great technological advances in processing large amounts of waste
25.
Friendship rarely just happens, and new friendships need time and effort. But we can all acquire the skills to recognise a potential connection, and pursue it. The trick is not just to look at what you want from friendship. We can all have better friendships if we look at what we have to offer. ----.. A) We think that making friends is easy compared to finding love
B) are concentrated in West Virginia and Wyoming more than in any other area
24.
In the passage, the writer ----..
29.
The last time I saw my cousin he was only five years old..
B) is so abundant in America that more and more coal-fired power plants are being constructed throughout the country
A) I haven’t seen my cousin for five years.
C) is extracted in gigantic amounts in West Virginia and Wyoming, since these two states have the richest reserves in the country
C) The last time I saw my cousin was five years ago.
D) is so indispensable for the production of electricity that nobody is concerned about its adverse effects on the environment E) is a major power source in America, although it has various human and environmental disadvantages
B) It’s five years since I last saw my cousin.
D) I haven’t seen my cousin since he was a 5-year-old child. E) I still haven’t seen my cousin who is now five years old.
30.
(I) The causes of depression differ in men and women. (II) Research shows that women usually internalize distress, while men externalize it. (III) Depressed women are more likely to talk about their problems and reach out for help. (IV) Depressed men often have less tolerance for internal pain and turn to some action or substance for relief. (V) Male depression is thus less obvious than female depression, as the male, instead of trying to deal with it, seeks to run away from it.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP 1
D
2
E
3
A
4
E
5
C
6
B
7
C
8
E
9
E
10
B
11
D
12
C
13
E
14
D
15
B
16
E
17
B
18
D
19
B
20
E
21
E
22
B
23
C
24
A
25
E
26
A
27
B
28
D
29
D
30
B
42
1.
Language learning can ---- in interesting ways across different societies and cultural settings..
6.
If Japan ---- import tariffs on food for all foreign farmers, its reliance on agricultural products from abroad ---- to 90% from about 60%..
A) divide A) had cut / has risen
B) distract
B) cuts / will rise
C) vary
C) would cut / rises
D) tend
D) has cut / rose
E) dismay
E) cut / had risen 2.
Despite a preoccupation with body image and weight loss, the prevalence of obesity in the US continues to rise ----..
7.
---- the invention of the printing press and improved methods ---- making paper, the rapid spread of knowledge became possible..
A) collectively A) For / about
B) adequately
B) By / from
C) randomly
C) With / of
D) respectively
D) At / in
E) dramatically
E) Through / on 3.
In narrative poems, characters often ---- certain ideas or heroic qualities which the poet wishes to celebrate..
8.
Cellulite forms where the body is least inclined to consume fat deposits, ---- reducing it takes persistent good dietary measures..
A) head towards A) whereas
B) stand for C)
B) as if
show up
C) so
D) carry out
D) whether
E) try on
E) even if 4.
The new recordings of Corelli’s concertos ---- a welcome opportunity to reflect on some of the changes in taste that ---- since 1989..
9.
A) have offered / developed
5.
The existence of galaxies was not recognized until the early 20th century, ---- since then galaxies have become one of the focal points of astronomical investigation..
B) offer / have developed
A) even
C) had offered / develop
B) because
D) offered / would develop
C) but
E) will offer / had developed
D) if
Babies born before 37 weeks of pregnancy ---premature, and they are at risk for a range of health problems ---- birth defects.. A) were considered / to include
E) whether 10.
---- the ancient Roman culture, a child’s education, physical and moral, began at home under the strict supervision of his or her parents..
B) have been considered / to be including C) are considered / including D) may be considered / to have included E) are considered / having included
A) According to B) In addition to C) In case of D) With the help of E) Because of
11.
My books are still on the table where I left ----, but ---- have been stolen.. A) mine / they B) us / those C) them / hers D) those / these E) hers / mine
12.
The term 'radical', in politics, refers to anyone with opinions ---- extreme ---- the main current of a country's major political party or parties.. A) so / as B) more / than C) only / that D) not only / but also E) either / or
13.
David Dickinson’s new play is a fairy-tale romance, ---- a pregnant woman searches for the father of her child during a torrential rainstorm.. A) who B) by whom C) that D) in which E) whose
Air pollution is one of the major challenges that most major cities face. The task of cleaning up air pollution, (I) --- difficult, is not believed to be insurmountable. Use of fuels that are low in pollutants, such as low-sulphur forms of petroleum; morecomplete burning of fossil fuels, often in (II)----with a recycling of the pollutants; and the shift to less polluting forms of power generation, such as solar energy (III) ---- place of fossil fuels – all are methods that can be used for controlling pollution. Over the past few decades, the example of London as well as of some other cities (IV) ----that 10 years or less is enough to control this problem to a certain extent. In fact, this period is (V) ---enough to achieve major improvements in air quality.
14.
I. A) though B) as if C) unless D) whether E) in case
15.
II. A) discrimination B) combination C) purification D) authorization E) utilization
16.
III. A) over B) at C) for D) by E) in
17.
IV. A) had shown B) would have shown C) will have shown D) has shown E) was showing
18.
V. A) nor B) either C) as well as D) neither E) also
19.
---- how the brain works by modelling its workings with conventional computer software.. A) Communication between neurons and silicon is feasible B) Some researchers are attempting to find out C) In the brain, single neurons are not nearly so important as groups D) The human brain is a highly complex organ E) The technology might well be more useful for medical implants
20.
If a child has nightmares frequently, ----.. A) this is probably due to some sort of insecurity B) this manifested itself in an unwillingness to go to bed C) crying at night due to fear of the dark needs sympathetic handling D) it created problems at home or at school E) a healthy child can sleep through almost any disturbance
21.
Breaking the hypersonic barrier of 6, 000 km/h for commercial air transport is a very serious research field for today’s European aircraft manufacturers.. A) Günümüzde, Avrupalı hava taşıtı üreticilerinin çok ciddi bir araştırma alanı da, ticari hava taşımacılığında 6.000 km/s lik hiper ses hızı sınırını aşabilmektir. B) Ticari hava taşımacılığı için, günümüzde Avrupalı hava taşıtı üreticilerinin çok ciddi bir araştırma alanı 6.000 km/s lik hiper ses hızı sınırının aşılması konusudur. C) Ticari hava taşımacılığındaki 6.000 km/s lik hiper ses hızı sınırını aşmak, günümüz Avrupalı hava taşıtı üreticileri için çok ciddi bir araştırma alanıdır. D) 6.000 km/s lik hiper ses hızı sınırını aşmak, günümüzde Avrupalı hava taşıtı üreticilerinin ticari taşımacılıkta çok ciddi bir araştırma alanı haline gelmiştir. E) Ticari hava taşımacılığı için 6.000 km/s lik hiper ses hızı sınırını aşmak, günümüzde Avrupalı hava taşıtı üreticileri için çok ciddi bir araştırma alanı olarak görülmektedir.
22.
Şansölye Dolfuss Almanya ile birleşmeyi savunan Nazilerin gücünü önlemek için 1933'te Avusturya'da diktatörlük kurdu, ancak bir yıl sonra Naziler tarafından suikasta uğradı.. A) Chancellor Dolfuss\'s reason for setting up a dictatorship in Austria in 1933 was to check the power of the Nazis advocating union with Germany, but a year later they assassinated him B) Chancellor Dolfuss wanted to set up a dictatorship in Austria in 1933, hoping to check the power of the Nazis advocating union with Germany, but a year later he was assassinated by them. C) Chancellor Dolfuss established a dictatorship, in Austria, in 1933, to check the power of the Nazis advocating union with Germany, but was assassinated a year later by the Nazis. D) Chancellor Dolfuss aimed to curtail the power of the Nazis advocating union with Germany by creating a dictatorship, but this led to his assassination within the year. E) Chancellor Dolfuss was assassinated by the Nazis seeking to bring about a union with Germany as he had set up a dictatorship the previous year to curtail their powers
According to the most accurate scientific theory ever created and generally known as the standard model, all of space is filled with a mysterious stuff called 'the Higgs field'. Unlike magnetic or gravitational fields, which vary from place to place (as, for instance, the fact that things weigh more on Earth than on the surface of the Moon), the Higgs field is exactly the same everywhere. What varies is how the different fundamental particles interact with it. That interaction, the theory goes, is what gives particles mass. In other words, the Higgs field is what makes some particles, such as protons and neutrons, relatively heavy, others (like electrons) subatomic light weights, and still others (like photons) utterly massless. If photons weren’t so light, a person would be shredded by a photon hail storm every time he or she was exposed to a sunbeam. Then again, if protons and neutrons weren’t so heavy, one wouldn’t dare to go outside to sunbathe anyway. So without mass and its affinity for gravity, there would be no galaxies, no stars, and no us.
23.
One learns from the passage that, in magnetic or gravitational fields, ----.. A) photons have an equal mass to that of protons and neutrons B) things do not interact at all and are therefore massless C) the weight of things is never the same, but changes according to location D) there are still many mysteries that need to be explained accurately E) it is not clear how different fundamental particles interact with each other
24.
It is emphasized in the passage that mass ----.. A) is the weight of a thing and is wholly dependent on gravity B) is fundamentally different from weight and the two terms should not be confused C) can only be observed in magnetic and gravitational fields D) shows no difference on Earth and on the surface of the Moon E) is essentially a function of how particles interact with the Higgs field
25.
As is pointed out in the passage, the Higgs field ---.. A) covers space completely and is of a homogeneous nature B) has the same characteristics as a magnetic or gravitational field C) has been known for centuries and led to the theory of gravity D) has had no impact on the formation of galaxies and stars E) is only related to the interactions of photons, protons, and neutrons
26.
In the passage, attention is drawn to the fact that the theory of the Higgs field ----.. A) has been used as the standard model for an explanation of magnetic fields B) is absolutely reliable and sheds light on how the universe was formed C) helps us understand how to avoid the dangerous effects of solar rays D) constitutes the basis of nuclear physics, since itis concerned with nuclear elements E) is indispensable for an understanding of the Moon’s gravity and its effects
27.
It is fairly easy to measure output in the main manufacturing industries and in many of the other industries producing goods. ----. The output of a doctor or a teacher, for instance, is not easily measured.. A) In this respect, many explanations of Britain’s poor performance have been suggested B) The manufacturing industry accounts for about 70 per cent of industrial production C) The textile and shipbuilding industries are losing their markets to cheaper competitors D) It is much more difficult to do so for the service industries, however E) Industrial production is an early indicator of economic trends
28.
Pam :- I can’t understand how anyone could ever dream of constructing a bridge to join so distant an island to the mainland. Sarah :- ---Pam :- Really? What? Sarah :- One day, roughly 150 children were drowned when the boat taking them to school was wrecked by storms.. A) It must have cost those who designed it a lot of sleepless nights! B) The length is one problem; the weight a more serious one. C)
It makes one wonder if anything is impossible!
D)
It’s an amazing engineering achievement!
E) They had a very compelling reason for doing so. 29.
I used to play basketball several times a week while I was at university.. A) When I was a university student, it was my habit to play basketball a few times a week, but now I don’t. B) It was during my university years that I got used to playing basketball at least three times a week. C) I don’t play basketball now as often as I did when I was at university. D) During my university years, I started to play basketball two or three times a week, but I don’t any longer. E) It was when I was at university that I took up basketball and played several times a week.
30.
(I) Some people are against the English system of trial by jury. (II) They argue that only people trained in the law can understand properly all the evidence given at a trial. (III) At the end of a trial all the evidence is summed up by the judge. (IV) Until I served on a jury last month, I used to think this way myself. (V) But now I understand the advantages of the jury system.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP 1
C
2
E
3
B
4
B
5
C
6
B
7
C
8
C
9
C
10
A
11
C
12
B
13
D
14
A
15
B
16
E
17
D
18
E
19
B
20
A
21
C
22
C
23
C
24
E
25
A
26
B
27
D
28
E
29
A
30
C
43
1.
William Wordsworth was a poet of nature, and had the special ---- to throw charm over ordinary things..
6.
German Chancellor Merkel is under pressure from power companies, which ---- to invest in new power generation projects unless they ---exempt from tough emission requirements..
A) ability A) refused / have been
B) verse
B) refuse / are
C) topic
C) have refused / had been
D) admiration
D) had refused / will be
E) illusion
E) were refusing / are to be 2.
3.
James Joyce was born and educated in Ireland but spent most of his ---- life in Europe, mainly in France, Italy and Switzerland..
7.
Penguins are short-sighted ---- land, but see clearly ---- water..
A) superficial
A) over / on
B) adult
B) in / off
C) competitive
C) on / under
D) coherent
D) onto / into
E) precise
E) from / through
Indo-European peoples began entering Greece in about 2000 B.C. and ---- new civilizations there..
8.
A gemstone used in the making of jewellery must be durable, ---- it can not withstand the process of being handled or shaped..
A) came out A) thus
B) looked after
B) even if
C) set up
C) although
D) got on
D) or else
E) kept away
E) while 4.
5.
Film music ---- significant in many ways, of course, but not as music, which is why the proposition that better composers ---- better film music is not necessarily true..
9.
Some 30 women are running in the Kuwaiti general election, ---- few, if any, are expected to win..
A) had been / shall produce
A) so that
B) has been / should have produced
B) in that
C) is / could produce
C) whether
D) can be / had produced
D) because
E) would be / produced
E) although
---- on how it is driven, today's hybrid cars ---about twice as far as their conventional counterparts on the same amount of gasoline..
10.
---- the development of paper, written records were kept on clay, wax, or stone tablets.. A) At the expense of
A) Depending / can travel B) To be depending / will travel C) Having depended /travels D) To depend / can travel E) To have depended / may travel
B) In terms of C) Prior to D) In addition to E) In order to
11.
As ---- of our employees can afford cars of ---own, they all have to rely on public transport.. A) few / them B) some / his C) none / their D) most / our E) many / its
12.
The harder a material is, ---- ductile or workable it tends to be. . A) the most B) as much C) the less D) more E) so much
13.
Several important ports, ---- export timber, are situated on the shores of the White Sea.. A) most of which B) that many of them C) those which D) whichever of them E) of which they
Japan is home to almost half the world’s industrial robots. Only a few decades ago, when robots (I) ---- for the first time, they were used for less sophisticated tasks, (II) ---humans were considered essential for manual precision tasks. This, however, changed with (III) ---- in robot technology. Today,robots are used in dirty, dangerous, and inaccessible tasks as well as in (IV) ---- requiring precision. Today,robots are an indispensable part (V)---industrial Japan.
19.
---- to which adults are very sensitive.. A) Babies cry an average 4,000 times before the age of two B) Crying is an alarm signal that attracts the parent C) Crying and laughing are actually very close D) The therapeutic benefits of crying cannot be ignored
14.
I. A) have been introduced
E) Babies cry in a pitch 20.
B) had been introduced C) were introduced
Though there were 1, 100 cases of E. coli 0157 in Britain last year, ----.. A) the infection had been picked up at an unknown source
D) would have been introduced
B) fewer than 20 per cent were due to food poisoning
E) would be introduced
C) fast-food companies have rarely been at fault 15.
II.
D) a day out in the country might have been just as dangerous
A) so long as
E) animals are undoubtedly the main threat
B) whether C) in case D) while E) so that 16.
III. A) advances B) conclusions C) destinations D) devices E) burdens
17.
IV. A) most B) those C) whose D) which E) them
18.
V. A) for B) at C) in D) among E) of
21.
When it was time to leave, I was still in a state of disbelief, for I couldn’t have even imagined that such richness existed in Singapore.. A) Singapur’da böyle bir zenginliğin bulunabileceğini hiç düşünmemiştim, öyleki ayrılma zamanı geldiğinde şaşkınlık içindeydim. B) Singapur’da böyle bir zenginliğin bulunacabileceği hayal bile edilemeyeceğinden, gitme zamanı geldiğinde, doğrusu şaşkınlık içindeydim. C) Gitme zamanı geldiğinde şaşkınlık içindeydim çünkü Singapur’un böylesi bir zenginliğe sahip olabileceğini hayal etmemiştim. D) Gitme zamanı geldiğinde hâlâ şaşkınlık içindeydim çünkü Singapur’da böyle bir zenginliğin bulunmasını hayal bile edemezdim. E) Singapur’a gitme zamanı geldiğinde, şaşkınlık içindeydim çünkü orada böyle bir zenginliğin bulunması doğrusu hayal bile edilemezdi.
22.
Futbolun kökeni belli değildir, ancak Romalıların, sonunda tüm Avrupaya yayılan bu oyunun bir türünü oynadıklarını biliyoruz.. A) No one knows when football began, butcertainly the Romans played one variation of the game, and this eventually spread across Europe. B) The origin of football is uncertain, but we know that the Romans played one type of this game which eventually spread throughout Europe. C) The early history of football remains uncertain, but it is known that the Romans played avariation of the game which eventually became popular throughout Europe. D) The early history of football has yet to be uncovered, but what we do know is that the Romans played one version of the game and this spread across Europe. E) The origin of football is not known, but the Romans played one version of the game, and with them it was carried right across Europe.
What would conversation be like without hand gestures? Difficult, and in countries like Italy, perhaps unimaginable. It was her travels to Italy, in fact, that inspired Jana Iverson, a psychologist at the University of Chicago, to see whether we learn gesturing from others or if it is an innate part of speaking. She asked 24 children, 12 of whom had been blind from birth, to compare the amounts of water in two identical glasses, then compare them again after the water in one glass was poured into a dish. (The blind children explored the water and receptacles with their hands.) Asked how they arrived at an answer, both blind and sighted children used the same gestures as they spoke, including cupping one hand into a C shape and imitating the act of pouring. Blind children gestured even when talking to an experimenter they knew was blind. The fact that someone who had never seen gestures before would gesture', says Iverson, 'even to a partner who they know can't see, suggests that gesturing and speaking are tightly connected in some very fundamental way in our brains'.
23.
The passage puts forward the idea that ----.. A) gestures can help us to have an insight into a person\'s character B) the Italians, more than any other people in the world, rely on gestures to communicate C) blind children learn through touching rather than from hearing D) Iverson\'s experiments with blind children have been a breakthrough in psychology E) the relationship between gesturing and speaking has its basis in the brain
24.
According to the passage, the psychologist Iverson ----.. A) worked with blind and sighted children to show that gesturing is a natural accompaniment to speaking B) was already involved in the study of blind people before her visit to Italy C) carried out a series of speech skills experiments at the University of Chicago D) specialized in the cognitive processes of the brain E) focused on the behavioural patterns of children rather than of adults
25.
According to the passage, one interesting fact that emerged in the course of Iverson's experiments with blind and sighted children was that, in a given situation, ----.. A) the children responded in a wide variety of ways B) the two groups used identical gestures to support what they were saying C) unlike the blind children, the sighted children showed no uniformity of response D) neither group made the gestures that had been expected E) the sighted children seemed to imitate the gestures of the blind children
26.
As we understand from the passage, Iverson's observations in Italy ----.. A) confirmed her view that gesturing was related to national character B) convinced her that gesturing was independent of speaking C) encouraged her to continue her experiments with blind children D) led her to investigate whether gesturing is imitative or inborn E) suggested to her that gesturing could reduce the effectiveness of speaking
27.
An average underground fuel tank holds 100, 000 litres. ----. Indeed, some of Europe’s really large motorway service stations have as many as ten tanks, which can hold a million litres.. A) There are also many different types of fuel and they have to be kept in separate tanks B) More would be dangerous C) Obviously this would be very costly D) Most petrol stations have between one and four of these E) New supplies are very often delivered at night
28.
Hector :- This article talks about a double-blind test for new medication. Val :- ---Hector :- Well, it refers to a type of scientific testing in which neither the subjects nor the experimenters know the make up of the test and control group during the actual course of the experiments. Val :- I guess that’s the best way to prevent anyone affecting the outcome of the experiment.. A) I’ve already read it. B) Did you enjoy reading it? C) What kind of medication? D) I think all medication should be thoroughly tested before doctors prescribe it. E) What does that mean?
29.
As there was a great deal of traffic on the roads, the journey took us longer than we had expected.. A) There was a lot of heavy traffic on the roads, so we had to go slowly. B) In spite of the heavy traffic, the journey took hardly any longer than we had expected. C) We were surprised at how long it took us to get there as there was so little traffic. D) The journey was over fairly quickly considering how much traffic there was. E) The journey turned out to be much longer than we’d foreseen, owing to the heavy traffic.
30.
(I) Yoga is back in fashion in the West. (II) There is evidence everywhere of its return to prominence. (III) In New York, for instance, classes in yoga studies have sprung up all over the metropolitan area. (IV) The origins of yoga can be traced back to ancient Hindu theistic philosophy. (V) One company also retails CDs, videos and books and sends a yoga-accessories catalogue out to 800.000 customers every year.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP 1
A
2
B
3
C
4
C
5
A
6
B
7
C
8
D
9
E
10
C
11
C
12
C
13
A
14
C
15
D
16
A
17
B
18
E
19
E
20
B
21
D
22
B
23
E
24
A
25
B
26
D
27
D
28
E
29
E
30
D
44
1.
The continents ---- their existence to Earth’s long history of plate-tectonic activity..
6.
A) endanger
2.
If the scholastic achievement of highly intelligent children ---- below average for an extended period, many teachers ---- to recognize their potential..
B) result
A) remained / would have failed
C) proceed
B) has remained / could have failed
D) compile
C) would remain/ had remained
E) owe
D) had remained / has remained E) remains / will fail
In spite of much research into the subject, we still only ---- know how and why tornadoes form.. 7. A) likely
In feudal Japan, the za were any ---- the mercantile or craft associations that flourished --- 1100 and 1590..
B) truly A) in / up to
C) ideally
B) at / through
D) partially
C) of/ between
E) fairly
D) over/ before 3.
At 4 o’clock that same afternoon, he got into his car and ---- for Bursa.. A) put up
E) under/from 8.
A brain abscess may be fatal ---- it is treated with antibiotics..
B) got off A) but
C) kept on
B) whereas
D) set off
C) just as
E) sent out
D) unless 4.
California ---- an earthquake that ---- San Francisco, just before a 1989 World Series Game, killing large numbers of people..
E) in case 9.
A) would have suffered / shakes B) suffers / had shaken
5.
With the help of a fifth of the white voters Mr Jackson was elected mayor of Atlanta in 1973, and ---- became the first black mayor of a major southern city..
C) had suffered / would shake
A) nevertheless
D) has suffered / will shake
B) thus
E) suffered / shook
C) even so
Economic Recession is a financial meltdown, which can last for a period of few months to couple of years and ---- regional or world economy, ---- to financial crisis, market crash, unemployment and economic depression.. A) can threaten / leading
D) yet E) otherwise 10.
---- a 2007 report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, every year nearly half the population of sub-Saharan Africa goes hungry..
B) could threaten / to be leading C) threatened / to lead D) had threatened / having led E) may threaten / to have led
A) Despite B) In addition to C) In order to D) According to E) In spite of
11.
Apparently both countries are seeking a facesaving compromise but it is unlikely that ---- will ever again gain the confidence of the world.. A) each B) neither C) either D) the other E) the rest
12.
It was foolish of me to turn down such an offer; in fact ---- I think about it, ---- I regret it.. A) as much / so much more B) the more / as much C) much / as much D) the most / so much E) the more / the more
13.
In developing countries, ---- nutritional concerns override the risk of HIV transmission, breast feeding may still be desirable.. A) where B) what C) that D) which E) whether
Differences in temperature caused by variations in the (I) --- of solar energy at different locations drive the circulation of the atmosphere. The warm surface (II) ---the equator heats the air with which it comes into contact, causing this air to expand and rise. (III) ---- the warm air rises, it flows away from the equator, cools, and sinks again. (IV) ---- of it recirculates back to the same areas which it originally (V) ----, but there mainder flows towards the poles, where eventually it is chilled. Similar upward movements of warm air and its subsequent flow towards the poles occur at higher altitudes.
14.
19.
A) The book gives an extremely lucid account of B) Evolutionary psychology is indeed a controversial field C) There\'s also a survey of the most interesting research carried out in the field D) Such knowledge is now made accessible to the average intelligent reader E) Altogether, the book has a refreshingly balanced perspective
I. A) pattern
---- why genes influence human behaviour..
20.
----, but some were traumatized by the pressure of blood leaking from the split artery..
B) severity A) As soon as brain cells were damaged by the lack of blood
C) influence D) pressure
B) Not only did some of the brain cells die from the lack of blood
E) amount 15.
C) Providing brain cells died from the lack of blood
II.
D) When brain cells died as a result of a blockage in the artery
A) until
E) Despite the fact that brain cells were damaged as a result of a blockage in the artery
B) inside C) through 21. D) near E) within 16.
III. A) As B) Although C) Just as D) As long as E) Even if
17.
IV. A) Any B) Much C) A few D) Many E) Few
18.
V. A) is to leave B) leaves C) had left D) will leave E) left
If you want to understand the causes of American and European prosperity, study the policies of those who created it, not the advice of their forgetful successors.. A) Amerika ve Avrupa’nın refahının sebeplerini anlamak ve incelemek isterseniz, haleflerinin tavsiyelerine değil refahı oluşturan politikalara bakmanız gerekir. B) Amerika ve Avrupa’da refahı oluşturan sebepleri anlamak için, unutkan haleflerinin tavsiyeleri yanında bu refahı sağlayan politikaları da inceleyiniz. C) Amerika ve Avrupa’nın refahının sebeplerini anlamak isterseniz, unutkan haleflerinin tavsiyelerini değil refahı yaratanların politikalarını inceleyin. D) Amerika ve Avrupa’nın refahının sebeplerini anlamak istiyorsanız, sadece unutkan haleflerin tavsiyelerini değil bu refahı oluşturan politikaları da incelemenizi öneririz. E) Amerika ve Avrupa’nın refaha nasıl ulaştıklarını anlamak için unutkan haleflerin sözlerine değil bu refahı yaratan politikaları uygulayanların söylediklerine bakmak gerekir.
22.
Ege Denizindeki Thera volkanik adası 3500 yıldan daha fazla bir zaman önce patladı ve tarih öncesi Akrotiri yerleşimini güney sahiline gömdü.. A) When the volcanic island of Thera in the Aegean Sea erupted some 3500 years ago, it nearly buried the prehistoric settlement of A krotiri, situated on its southern shores. B) The volcanic island of Thera, which is in the Aegean Sea, erupted 3500 years ago and buried the prehistoric settlement of Akrotiri to the south of the island. C) It is more than 3500 years ago since the volcanic island of Thera in the Aegean Sea erupted and buried most of the prehistoric settlement of Akrotiri on its southern shore. D) The prehistoric settlement of Akrotiri, which dates back 3500 years, was completely buried when the volcanic island of Thera in the southern Aegean Sea erupted. E) The volcanic island of Thera in the Aegean Sea erupted more than 3500 years ago and buried the prehistoric settlement of Akrotiri on its southern shore.
The contemporary climate of the Konya Plain is of a dry Mediterranean character, with a dry summer and a moister winter and spring. Annual rainfall is low, an annual average of 250mm, though it increases towards the edge of the plain, reaching 315mm.Unirrigated crops suffer from regular failure in the area. Palaeoclimatic research suggests that the climate was moister through Çatalhöyük’s Neolithic occupation than it is today. Greater precipitation might have increased flood frequency, the extent off lood and soil water logging, as precipitation in the river catchment was the main determinant of alluvial systems dynamics. It might also have increased the reliability of rain-fed agriculture in the drier subenvironments of the plain while making agriculture in the alluvial zone more risky. The sudden end of alluviation, before the onset of Chalcolithic occupation, indicated a period of dryness, which not only affected the alluvial system, but also reduced the reliability of rain-fed agriculture in the drier zones.
23.
We can understand from the passage that during the Neolithic Period ----.. A) wetland birds migrated to other parts of the Konya Plain B) the plain had a drier spring and summer than it does today C) regional rainfall was probably determined by alluvial systems dynamics D) rain-fed agricultural crops happened to become extinct E) the people of Çatalhöyük stored a range of crops that were all adapted to the Mediterranean climate
24.
The writer of the passage claims that during Çatalhöyük’s Neolithic Period ----.. A) the soils never had a surplus of water B) the alluvial zone barely supported farming C) there was no rain-fed agriculture D) people relied completely on irrigation for growing crops E) more floods occurred in the region
25.
One point made in the passage is that before the Chalcolithic Period started, ----.. A) the irrigation-based methods of agriculture were more common in the plain B) excessive rainfall brought about flood frequency, flood extent and soil water logging in fertile soils C) the inhabitants of the plain relied more heavily on irrigation in order to sustain land management D) there was a cease in the alluvial system and this affected rain-fed agriculture in the drier areas of the Konya Plain E) the Konya Plain had a climate of dry Mediterranean character much as it does today
26.
It is explicitly stated in the passage that ----.. A) some parts of the Konya Plain receive more rain annually than the others B) the climate of the Konya Plain was drier during the Neolithic Period than it is today C) population dynamics and social relations are partly reflected in the history of the region D) it is now almost impractical to grow crops in the Konya Plain E) more irrigation is required to efficiently cultivate the soils of the region
27.
Research and experience suggest a magic maximum of 150 people ‒ sometimes known as Dunbar’s number ‒ is the largest group with whom anyone can maintain stable relationships. British anthropologist Robin Dunbar came up with this limit having studied primates as well as prehistoric tribe and village sizes. Settlements of Hutterites traditionally split when they reach 150. ---- As a result, Gore has been highly profitable for nearly 40 years and ranks high in “best places to work” lists.. A) Though some accuse him of stating the obvious, he has been admired by many management theorists. B) Gore has created an organized mechanism that makes it much easier for new ideas and information to come up. C) People who seem to know everyone and operate across many different social sets are known as connectors. D) Group conclusions are often different than those that would be reached by individuals on their own. E) At WL Gore Associates, when a plant has 150 people in it, the company opens a new one.
28.
Maeve :- l learned today that there are actually two types of synapses in an animal’s nervous system. Charles :- ---Maeve :- Which type transmits signals faster? Charles :- The second, because it sends signals directly, without using a neurotransmitter.. A) Oh, really? I only know of one type. B) Most people have only heard of chemical synapses. C) Electrical synapses were first found in crayfish in 1957. D) Yes, chemical and electrical synapses. E) Synapses send information from the nervous system to the brain, and vice versa.
29.
You knew I needed your help this weekend, so you shouldn’t have promised to go out with your friends.. A) You’d promised to help me this weekend, so I don’t see how you can agree to go off with your friends like that. B) Why did you arrange to go out with your friends over the weekend while you said you would help me? C) I suppose you’ve arranged to go off with your friends this weekend because you didn’t want to help me though you had promised to! D) It was not right for you to promise your friends that you’d go out with them this weekend since you knew I had to have some help from you. E) When you agreed to go out with your friends this weekend, had you forgotten you’d promised to help me?
30.
(I) Symbolism is the bridge between Romanticism and Modernism and its use provides a basis of continuity. (II) Romantic writers mostly used symbols drawn from nature or from mythology. (III) Modern writers tend to use less obvious symbols. (IV) Rhyme is rarely used in modern poetry. (V) In one modern novel a bar of soap, for instance, has great symbolic force.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP 1
E
2
D
3
D
4
E
5
A
6
E
7
C
8
D
9
B
10
D
11
C
12
E
13
A
14
E
15
D
16
A
17
B
18
E
19
A
20
B
21
C
22
E
23
C
24
E
25
D
26
A
27
E
28
D
29
D
30
D
