Hydrometer Analysis (For Mechanical Engineering students )
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Hydrometer testFull description
Soil Mech
AnalysisFull description
Detail description of Sieve Analysis and Hydrometer tests .Deskripsi lengkap
Detail description of Sieve Analysis and Hydrometer tests .
ex 7Full description
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Chen W.F Mizuno E.Description complète
Chen W.F Mizuno E.
Chen W.F Mizuno E.
Experiment No. 4 (Viscosity)Full description
lab manual
Experiment No. 3b HYDROMETER ANALYSIS OF SOIL Scope
This method describes a procedure for the quantitative determination of particle sizes in fine-grained soil by means of a hydrometer. Apparatus and Supplies
1. alanc alance! e! sens sensit itive ive to "."1 "."1 gram gram #. $echanical $echanical stirring stirring apparat apparatus us %ith %ith a metal metal paddle paddle and dispersi dispersion on cup 3. &yd &ydromet ometer er '. l-( l-( grad gradua uate ted d cyli cylind nder er ). Thermo Thermomet meter er *gra *gradua duated ted to ".1 ".1 +, +, . /et of stand standar ard d sie sieve vess 0. ater ba bath 2. Evap Evapor orat atin ing g dis dish h . 4ven %ith %ith temp tempera eratur turee contr control ol 1". Timing Timing device 11. 11. 5rying 5rying 6an 6an 1#. /patula /patula 13. 7lass 5essicator 5essicator 1'. 5eflocculat 5eflocculating ing agent agent 1). 5istilled 5istilled %ater %ater supply Procedure
Hydrometer Analysis Analysis of Fractions, Passing No. I0 Sieve 1. 5ispersion 5ispersion of sample8 sample8 ei eigh gh )" grams of the air-dri air-dried ed sample *1"" *1"" grams for sandy sandy soil! soil! place in a bea9er! and fill %ith distilled distilled %ater to about half the depth and allo% to soa9 for at least 12 hours. :fter soa9ing! add #" ml. of sodium silicate as a deflocculating agent! and %ash the contents into the dispersion cup. :dd distilled %ater until it is about # inches from the brim and disperse the contents for 1 minute in the mechanical stirring apparatus. #. Transfer Transfer the the mixture mixture to the graduated graduated cylinder cylinder and add distil distilled led %ater %ater to bring the %ater %ater level to the 1""" m( mar9. 6lace the cylinder in the constant temperature bath. /tir the suspension frequently to avoid settlement of particles. 3. ;emove ;emove the cylinder cylinder from from the %ater bath bath as soon as the tempera temperatur turee of the suspens suspension ion and the %ater bath are the same. /ha9e thoroughly the mixture for < minute by turning the cylinder upside do%n and bac9! using the palm of the hand as stopper. The soil should not stic9 to the bottom of the cylinder %hen upside do%n. '.
around its stem. ;epeat the sha9ing and reading procedure until a consistent set of readings are obtained. . ;estart the test but this time> ta9e readings after #!)! 1)! 3"! and " minutes.
#.
3.
'. ).
× 1""? = %t. of air-dried soil - %t. of oven-dried soil %t. of oven-dried soil The air-dry %eight of the fraction passing No. 1" sieve is calculated by subtracting the oven-dried %eight of the fraction on the No. 1" sieve from the total %eight of the airdried sample. The corrected dry-%eight of the fraction passing No. 1" sieve is obtained by multiplying the air-dry %eight by the expression8 1"" 1"" @ ? &ygroscopic $oisture Total dry %eight of sample is the sum of the corrected dry %eight of fraction passing No. 1" sieve and the oven-dry %eight of the fraction retained on No. 1" sieve. The percentage passing in the different sieves are calculated on the basis of total dry %eight of sample.
Percentage of Soil in Suspension, P . &ydrometer readings made at temperature other than the calibration temperature are corrected by appropriate correction factors. Temperature correction curve should be prepared for each hydrometer used. 0. The percentage of soil in suspension is represented by the different hydrometer readings! and is calculated as follo%s8 R • a P =
×1""?
W S %here8 6 A percentage of soil in suspension based on dry %eight of soil dispersed *? ; A corrected hydrometer reading / Adry %eight of soil dispersed a A a constant depending on the density of the suspension.
3" μ ! 2"( " s − "m )#
%here8 5 A maximum particle diameter! mm. n A coefficient of viscosity of suspending medium! poise.
1. hat is the purpose of hydrometer analysisC 4n %hich physical principles is hydrometer analysis is foundedC #. 5oes hydrometer analysis determine the size of soil particles exactlyC 3. hy do you correct the distance of fall of particles during hydrometer analysisC '. hat physical quantity is read on the stem of a 1)#& hydrometerC
TALE ! Dalues of ,orrection Bactor a! for 5ifferent /pecific 7ravities of /oil 6articles
