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Dead easy DMT extraction + isolation guide...with pretty pictures. The Australian Government is considering banning the sale of Acacia (Wattle) from nurseries. Hahahahahaha!Full description
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EXTRACTION IN ORTHODONTICSFull description
Result and Discussions
1.5 1.48 1.46 x e d n I
1.44
e v i t c a r f e R
1.42 1.4 y = -0.0017x + 1.4983 R² = 0.9334
1.38 1.36 0
10
20
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40
50
60
70
Weight Percent (%)
Graph 1 : Calibration curve for toluene rich phase
1.37 y = 0.0005x + 1.3343 R² = 0.9988
1.365
x e d n I e v i t c a r f e R
1.36
1.355 1.35
1.345 1.34 0
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50
Weight Percent (%)
Graph 2 : Calibration curve for water rich phase
60
70
For the ideal solvent has a high selectivity for the solute relative to the carrier, so as to minimize the need to recover carrier from solvent. The solvent has high capacity for dissolving the solute, so as to minimize the solvent to feed ratio. Other than that, the solvent has a minimal solubility in the carrier. The ideal solvent has a stability to minimize the solvent life and minimize the solvent make up requirement. One important aspect when choosing a solvent system for extraction was to pick two immiscible solvents. Some common liquid-liquid extraction solvent pairs were waterdichloromethane, water-hexane. Notice that each combination includes water. Most extractions involve water because it was highly polar and immiscible with most organic solvents. Other factors affecting solvent selection are boiling point, density, interfacial tension, viscosity, corrosiveness, flammability, toxicity, and stability, compatibility with product, availability and cost. In addition, the compound were attempting to extract, must be soluble in the organic solvent, but insoluble in the water layer. An organic compound like benzene was simple to extract from water, because it was solubility in water was very low. However, solvents like ethanol and methanol will not separate using liquid-liquid extraction techniques, because they were soluble in both organic solvents and water. There were also practical concerns when choosing extraction solvents. As mentioned previously, the two solvents must be immiscible. The volatility of the organic solvent was important. Solvents with low boiling points like ether are often used to make isolating and drying the isolate material easier.
Extract
15.0 L/hr
0.764 kmol H2O/kmol
0.641 kmol C 3H6O/kmol
0.236 kmol C 3H6O/kmol
0.359 kmol C 7H8/kmol Raffinate
0.066 kmol/hr
1.126 × 10-3 kmol C3H6O/kmol
1 kmol C7H8/kmol
0.053 kmol C 7H8/kmol 0.946 kmol H2O/kmol
Number of mole of Acetone at extract = 0.53kg × kmol/58kg = 9.138 × 10 -3 kmol Number of mole of toluene at extract = 0.47kg × kmol/92kg = 5.109 × 10 -3 kmol Mole fraction Acetone = 9.138 × 10 -3 kmol/(9.138 × 10 -3 kmol + 5.109 × 10 -3 kmol) = 0.641 kmol C3H6O/kmol Mole fraction Toluene = 100.641 = 0.359kmol C 7H8/kmol Overall mass balance : Assume the basis = 100kmol/hr 100 + 0.066 = R + E 100.066 = R + E Water mass balance : 100(0.764) = R(0.946) R = 80.76 kmol/hr
100.066 = R + E E = 19.3kmol/hr
Appendix
Num of mole Acetone = 7.5kg/58kg/kmol = 0.129 kmol
Num of mole water = 7.5kg/18kg/kmol = 0.417 kmol
Mole fraction of Acetone = 0.129/(0.129 + 0.417) = 0.236 Mole fraction of water = 1 – 0.236 = 0.764
Mass of Toluene = 20L × 866.9kg/m 3 × 1m3/1000L = 17.338 kg Number of mole of Toluene = 17.338kg/92kg/kmol = 0.188kmol
At solvent stream, Convert volume flowrate to mass flowrate :
