Examination Format Answer 2

PHYSICS 2010

[TIPS FOR ANSWERING SPM PAPER] PAPER ]

LEMBAGA PEPERIKSAAN MALAYSIA KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

TECHNIQUE OF ANSWERING SPM PHYSICS / 4531

Prepared by: by: Adnan Shamsudin Dip. Sc (UiTm), BSc BSc (UTM), Dip. Dip. Edu (UTM) SMK Sultan Ismail Ismail Johor Johor Bahru.

Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2010

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PHYSICS 2010


EXAMINATION FORMAT Format of the Instrument for the Evaluation of Physics fo r SPM 4531 ITEM

PAPER 1 (4531/1)

PAPER 2 (4531/2)

PAPER 3 (4531/3)

Instrument types

Objective Test

Subjective test

Written Practical test

Item types

Objective items: Multiple choices. Each of item consist 3, 4, or 5 options A, B, C, D, E.

Subjective items: - Section A: Structured items. - Section B: Open responses items.

Number of questions

50 (answer all)

Subjective items: - Section A: items. - Section B: Limited responses and open responses items. - Section C: Limited responses and open responses items. - Section A: 8 (Answer all) - Section B: 2 (Choose one) - Section C: 2 (Choose one)

-

Section A: 2 (Answer all) Section B: 2 (Choose one)

-

Total marks

50

100

40

Test period Cognitive domains

1 hour 15 minutes Knowledge: 28% Understanding: 40% Applications: 32%

1 hour 30 minutes Problems solving (Experimentation): 100%

Marking

Dichotomous marks: 1 or 0

2 hours 30 minutes Knowledge: 11% Understanding: 16% Application: 18% Problems solving: 22% (Qualitative and quantitative) Conceptualization: 16% Making conclusion: 17% Analytical marking based on rubric scorings.

Contextual cover

Construct is assessed based on all learning domain.



Difficulty level Low: L Medium: M High: H Additional devices

L 60%

M 24%

H 16%

Scientific calculator

L 38%

M 35%

H 27%


Analytical marking based on rubric scorings.

L 50%

M 30%

H 20%

Scientific calculator, protractor, 30 cm ruler.


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PHYSICS 2010


EXAMINATION FORMAT Format of the Instrument for the Evaluation of Physics fo r SPM 4531 ITEM

PAPER 1 (4531/1)

PAPER 2 (4531/2)

PAPER 3 (4531/3)

Instrument types

Objective Test

Subjective test

Written Practical test

Item types

Objective items: Multiple choices. Each of item consist 3, 4, or 5 options A, B, C, D, E.

Subjective items: - Section A: Structured items. - Section B: Open responses items.

Number of questions

50 (answer all)

Subjective items: - Section A: items. - Section B: Limited responses and open responses items. - Section C: Limited responses and open responses items. - Section A: 8 (Answer all) - Section B: 2 (Choose one) - Section C: 2 (Choose one)

-

Section A: 2 (Answer all) Section B: 2 (Choose one)

-

Total marks

50

100

40

Test period Cognitive domains

1 hour 15 minutes Knowledge: 28% Understanding: 40% Applications: 32%

1 hour 30 minutes Problems solving (Experimentation): 100%

Marking

Dichotomous marks: 1 or 0

2 hours 30 minutes Knowledge: 11% Understanding: 16% Application: 18% Problems solving: 22% (Qualitative and quantitative) Conceptualization: 16% Making conclusion: 17% Analytical marking based on rubric scorings.

Contextual cover




Difficulty level Low: L Medium: M High: H Additional devices

L 60%

M 24%

H 16%


L 38%

M 35%

H 27%


Analytical marking based on rubric scorings.

L 50%

M 30%

H 20%

Scientific calculator, protractor, 30 cm ruler.


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PHYSICS 2010


ANSWER STRATEGY PHYSICS QUESTIONS PAPER 1 – Objective Questions (1 Hours 15 Minutes)

1. Paper 1 consists of 50 objective questions. You will have to answer all the 50 is in this paper. - 30 questions Easy - 12 questions Medium - 8 questions Difficult 2. Each objective questions may have 3, 4 or 5 choices as follows: - A, B and C - A, B, C and D - A, B, C, D and E 3. Majority of the questions come with 4 choices. Questions wit h 5 choices are usually reserved for questions that involve calculations. 4. The time allocated for paper 1 is 1 hour 15 minutes or 75 minutes. The average time to answer one question is therefore 1½ minutes. 5. Do not take more than 1½ minutes to answer eac h question. If you are unable to answer a particula r question, leave it first. Spending too much time on one difficult question may result in not having enough time to answer other simpler questions. 6. Study the formulae and information given before you start to answer any questions. Some of the formulae provided will be used to solve numerical problems and knowing their existence may provide you with a hint to answer answer questions that involve the use of formulae. 7. Make sure that you know the usual meaning of symbols used in formulae i n SPM Physics. 8. Read each questions diligently to make sure that you understand the requirement of that questions. If information such as diagrams, graphs, or data is provided, make sure that you make use of them because they are provided with a purpose. Make sure that you know how to interpret the various types of graphs as well as make conclusions from graphs or data provided. 9. One way to tackle difficult questions is i s to eliminate incorrect choices one by one until you are left with the best possible choice. 10. Many of the questions are related to experiments carried out in the laboratory. As such, make s ure that you know the purpose of every step in the experiments you carried out and make sure that you know the manipulated variable, the responding variable and the constant variable in a particular experiment. 11. The objective questions in Paper 1 involve all the topics in the Physics syllabus. As such, you will have to make sure that you understand every topic well enough.


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[TIPS FOR ANSWERING SPM PAPER]

ANSWER STRATEGY PHYSICS QUESTIONS PAPER 2 – Subjective Questions (2 Hours 30 Minutes) SECTION A

1. Section A of paper 2 consists of 8 questions. You will have to answer all the 8 questions in t his section. 2. The marks allocated to each questions vary from 4 to 12 marks. The total in Section A is 60 marks. 3. You are advised to spend 90 minutes on this section. Spending more than 90 minutes on this secti on will result in having insufficient time to answer questions in Sections B and C. 4. The structured questions in Section A are usuall y based on diagrams, tables, graphs, or data related to a certain situations or phenomenon. It is therefore absolutely necessary for you to study the diagrams, tables, graphs or data provided before attempti ng to answer the questions. 5. Before attempting to answer questions, read the questions at least twice and highlight the key words provided so that you will not go out of point. 6. Do not force yourself to answer Questions 1 first if you are not too sure of the answers. Answer questions that you are most sure of first. By answering questions which you are quite sure of firs t will help you increases your confidence to answer the questions that you are not so sure of. Do not spend too much time on a particular question as it is very important that you answer or at least attempt to answer all the 8 questions within the 90 minutes allocated. 7. Note the marks allocated to each section of a questions. A section that is allocated only 1 mark will require a short answer. It will be futile if you write a few lines for a section that is allocated only 1 mark. On the other hand, a section that is allocated 3 marks will require you to state 3 properties or characteristic associated with the particular section. 8. While answering questions that involve calculations, make sure that you write down all the steps in the spaces provided in the questions paper, including the formula used. Writing down the complete steps will allow the examiner to study your approach and if you make a careless mis take in a subsection, follow through marks may still be given for other sub-sections that are correctly done. Otherwise you may lose all marks in other sub-sections as well.

SECTION B

1. Section B consists of two questions. You need to answer only ONE question from this section. 2. The marks allocated for this section is 20 marks. 3. You are advised to spend 30 minutes on this section. 4. The questions from section B are normally preceded by a diagram that shows a certain st ate or situation that is related to a specific Physics concept. 5. You are normally asked to state the characteristics shown in the diagram and also to state the Physics principles involved. 6. Study the marks allocated to each section or sub-section in the questions. The marks allocated in each section may be as high as 10 marks. In such cases, make sure that you have at least 10 points or properties related to the section as each point is normally allocated 1 mark. 7. Equations, diagrams, tables, graphs or other suitable methods may be used to explain your answer. However, your answer should be clear and logical. Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2010

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SECTION C

1. Sections C consists of two questions. You need to answer ONE question only from this section. 2. Questions in this section normally require the inte rpretation of the data provided. As such you will have to study the data carefully and understand what it is all about. 3. The marks allocated for this section is 20 marks. 4. You are advised to spend 30 minutes on this section. 5. The questions from Section C are normally preceded by a table that is related to a specific Physics concept, 6. Study the marks allocated to each section or sub-section in the questions. The marks allocated in each section may be as high as 10 marks. In such cases, make sure that you have at least 10 points or properties related to the section as each point is normally allocated 1 mark. 7. The questions in this section normally require you to state a certain principle or to explain certain properties or characteristics based on the information given. 8. Note that questions in Section B and C only involve the explanation of theories and do not contain questions that require you to describe an experiment.

ANSWER STRATEGY PHYSICS QUESTIONS PAPER 3 – Written Practical Questions (1 Hours 30 Minutes)

1. In paper 3, you are asked to design an experiment and answer questions related to the experiment. 2. This is to test the analytical skills and creative thinking skills and critical thinking (CCTS). To answer this question well you must be skilled ALL experiment w as conducted at the school. 3. Responding time: 1 hour 30 minutes. 4. This paper is divided into two parts: Part A and Part B.

SECTION A

1. Section A consists of two structured questions. You need to answer all questions from this section. 2. This section is allocated a total of 28 marks. 3. The questions in this section are based on experiments that you should have already done in the laboratory. 4. The questions in this section normally require you to plot a graph or graphs. As such make sure that you know all the steps involved in plotting a graph. 5. You are advised to spend 60 minutes on this section. 6. You are normally required state the manipulated variable, the responding variable and the constant variable based on the aim and the procedure of t he experiment. Make sure you know the meaning of each of the variable stated above. 7. The questions from this section also involve the interpretat ion of graphs. As such you will need to carefully determine the quantity represented by the slope of graph provided. You will also need to know how to determine the slope of a graph. Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2010

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PHYSICS 2010


8. The questions from this section may also involve the calculation of certain quantities. Make sure that you write down all the steps involved in the spaces provided in the questions paper.

SECTION B

1.

Section B consists of two questions. You need to answer ONE question only from this section.

2.

This section is allocated a total of 12 marks.

3.

You are advised to spend 30 minutes on this section.

4.

The questions in this section are normally preceded by a diagram depicting a situation in our daily lives together with a brief write-up on the situation shown.

5.

You will have to study the situation carefully as you are normally asked to state one suitable inference that can be made from the situation.

6.

You will also be asked to state one appropriate hypothesis for an investigation and to describe an experimental framework to test hypothesis. In your description, you will have to state clearl y the following:

7.

(i)

Aim of the experiment

(ii)

Variables involved in the experiment

(iii)

List of apparatus and materials

(iv)

Arrangement of the apparatus

(v)

The procedure of the experiment which includes -

the methods of controlling the manipulated variable

-

the method of measuring the responding variable

-

the method of repeated experiment

(vi)

The way you would tabulate the data

(vii)

The way you would analyse the data

Make sure that you describe your experiment according to the format shown above.

8. Make sure you provide a fully labeled diagram of the apparatus used. 9. Write out your experiment in the passive voice and use short sentences. 10. When making a conclusion, make sure that your conclusion is in li ne with your hypothesis.


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COMMAND WORDS YOU NEED TO KNOW TO ANSWER QUESTIONS CORRECTLY Command Words

Example

Name Simply requires the technical name for a process, a chemical etc.

(a)

Name the heat energy, Q1, which is absorbed from R to S. Latent heat // Specific latent heat (of fusion) [1 mark]

State State means you need to give only brief answers. This means that, detail explanations are not required. Only requires a simple statement, no reasoning is expected.

(a)

State one reason why the temperature at R and S is the same even though heat is supplied. The heat needed to break the bonds between molecules // molecules move further apart // to change solid to liquid // to change physical form // kinetic energy doesn’t change. [1 mark ]

Calculate Used when a numerical answer is required. In general, working should be shown, especially where two or more steps are involved.

(a)

Calculate the het energy, Q2, which is absorbed from S to T. [The specific heat capacity of water, C=4200 J kg-10C-1] Q = mcθ 1.0 x 4200 x 100 420 000 J // 4.2 x 10 5 J // 420 kJ [2 marks]


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PHYSICS 2010

Meant You need to remember only certain sentences used which are to conclude all aspects which are required. Only a formal statement or equivalent paraphrase is required.

(b)


What is meant by pressure? Force per unit area // Force ÷ Area //

Force Area

//

F , where; F is A

force, A is area. [1 mark] (a)

What is meant by speed? s

Distance/Time // rate of change of distance // ; where, s = t

distance, t = time [1 mark]

Compare You need to state the difference or similarity about two things.

Explain Explain means that the details explanations are required to support a statement given. Important points/information need to be given specifically. General ideas are insufficient Complete Usually used where there are missing items in a table, diagram or words in a sentence paragraph.

(c)

Based in Diagrams 2, compare the water pressure at P and Q. Explain your answer. Pressure at Q is higher // Pressure at P is lower // Q > P // Q is higher // Q is more // Q is bigger // Q is more than P Depth at Q is higher // Depth at P is lower // hQ > h P // H Q > H P > Q is deeper // Pressure increases as the depth increases

(a) Complete the Table. Distance from the concave mirror 5 cm 8 cm 15 cm 200 cm 25 cm

Characteristics of image

Virtual, upright and magnified Virtual, upright and magnified Real, inverted and magnified Real, inverted and same size as the object. Real, inverted and diminished


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PHYSICS 2010


(b) Complete the ray diagram to show the image which is formed by the concave mirror. Mark the image with a letter I.

(c) Complete the diagram (b) to show pattern of the waves after they pass through the gap.


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PHYSICS 2010


Determine Implies that the quantity concerned cannot be measured directly but is obtained by calculation, substituting measured or known values or other quantities into a standard formula.

(a) Based on the graph in diagram (b), (i) determine the focal length of the convex lens 1 f = 0.1 = 10 cm [2 marks] (ii) determine the power of the convex lens. 1 P = f

= =

1 0.1 10 D [2 marks]

Suggest Can be used in two main contexts, i.e. either to imply that there is no unique answer, or where this may not be formally ' in the syllabus', but the examiner thinks the candidate should be able to apply his knowledge to make a simple deduction.

The result obtained is shown by the graph in diagram above. (a) Suggest one way to determine the resistance of the bulb from the graph. The gradient of the graph [1 mark]


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PHYSICS 2010

Describe Requires the candidate to state in words (using diagrams where appropriate) the main points of the topic. It is often used with reference either to particular phenomena or to particular experiments.


(a) Describe how the current, I passing the heating element changes when the potential difference, V is increased from 0 to 240 V. Sketch a graph to support your description. The current that flows through the heating element, increases as the potential difference across it increases.

[2 marks] (b) Using these mirrors and other materials, describe how you would make the periscope. [4 marks]


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PHYSICS 2010

[ IPS FOR ANSWERING SPM PAPER]

TYPES OF QUESTIONS IN P PER 2 SPM PHYSICS

1. APPLICATION (Section A an d C) 2. CONCEPTUALISATION (Se ction A and B) 3. PROBLEM SOLVING ( Secti on B) 4. DECISION MAKING ( Sectio n B and C) 5. COMPREHNSION (Section B )

SCORING EXAMPLE - Paper 2 Section A and C

(APPLICATION) - ability to use information to ex lain phenomenon - ability to use information to ca lculate physical quantities 1. Diagram 7.2 shows a hydrauli jack in a car service centre.

A force of 50N is exerted on he small piston when the handle is pushed d wn. The cross-sectional areas f the small piston and t e large piston are 0.04 m2 and 0.8 m2 respec ively. (i) Calculate the pressure ex rted on the oil in the hydraulic jack. P= =

Substi ution 1

= 1250 Nm-2

Answer with unit 1

[2 marks] Answering Techniqu for SPM Physics | 2010

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PHYSICS 2010


(ii) Calculate the force that the oil exerts on the large piston. Solution:  -

= 1250

F = 1250 x 0.8 = 1000 N

Answer with unit

1



[1 mark] 2.

Explain why a piece of paper burns when placed under a convex lens aimed towards hot sun rays. Solution 1: - Parallel light rays  2

-

Converge or focus after pass through a lens



-

Converge at principle focus



-

Light energy is convert to heat energy



Solution 2:

[4 marks]


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SCORING EXAMPLE - Paper 2 Section B (CONCEPTUALISATION) [5 MARKS] This element is concern with the ability to make generalization based on the relationship between common characteristics and the relationship between variables in order to construct meaning to concept. Thus include the ability to identify common characteristics and variables in order to construct a specific physics concept.

1.

Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show parallel rays are dir ected towards the lenses P and Q with focal point F.

Diagram 9.1

Diagram 9.2

Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the thickness, the focal l ength and power of the lens. Relate the thickness of the lens with the focal length to make a deduction regarding the relationship between thickness of the lens and the power of lens.

Solution: -

Lens in diagram 9.1 is thinner Focal length in diagram 9.1 is longer Power of lens in diagram 9.1 is lower The thinner the lens the longer the focal length The thinner the lens the lower the power



1



1



1



1



[5 marks]


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2.


Diagram 9.1 shows the effect of pressure on a sandy beach when a man sits on a chair. Diagram 9.2 shows the same man sitting on the same chair after a piece of plank is placed under the chair.

(a)

What is the meaning of pressure?

Force per unit area / P =

 

; where F = force, A = area [1 mark]

(b)

Observe diagram 9.1 and diagram 9.2. Compare the depth of sinking, the load and the area of contact with the sandy beach. Relate the depth of sinking with the pressure exerted by the chair to make a deduction on the relationship between the pressure and the area of contact in this situation. Solution: Depth of sinking in 9.1 is deeper than in diagram 9.2 The weight of the man in diagram 9.2 and 9.1 is equal Area contact in diagram 9.2 is larger than 9.1 The depth of sinking increases, pressure increases / d α P / h α P As the area of contact increases, the pressure exerted

decreases / P α

    

# 

[5 marks]


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PHYSICS 2010


SCORING EXAMPLE - Paper 2 Section B

(PROBLEM SOLVING) [10 M RKS] This element is concerned with he ability to use information, scientific skill and thinking skills to olve Physics problems qualitati ely and quantitatively and to carry out a pl nned scientific investigation systematically. 1.

Diagram 9.3 shows a pol vaulter performing a jump.

Using appropriate physic concepts, explain the use of suitable equip ent and techniques to improve his performance. Your answer should include the following aspects: (i) Vaulter’s attire (ii) Vaulter’s movem nt (iii) Pole used (iv) Safety [10 marks] sp ct

Tight and light attire / s iked shoes

Reason 1

 

Sprint / Increases speed More elstic / light / bend s easily

1



1

Strong pole /



Use thicker mattress



1

1

Less air friction / in reases the speed



To increases kinetic energy / momentum



Easily bend / easily arried / increase the potential elastic nergy

1

1



1

Not easily broken



increases collision time / reduce impulsive force



Answering Techniqu for SPM Physics | 2010

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PHYSICS 2010

2.


Diagram 9.6 shows a sailboat.

Your are required to gives some suggestions to design a Vsailboat which can travel faster. Using the knowledge on motion, force and the properties of materials, ex plain the suggestions based on the following aspects: (i) the surface of the board (ii) the shape of the board (iii) material used for the board (iv) material used for the sail (v) the size of the sail [10 marks] Aspect

Smooth // coat with wax Streamline shape / torpedo / aerodynamic / sharp end / diagram Rej: oval Low density // strong material // tough // Fiber glass // carbon composite Rej: Hard/Rubber/Glass/Fiber/Composite Water proof // Low density material // Nylon // Tough // Strong // Canvas // Synthetic Wide // Big // Large

3.

Reason 1



Reduce (water) friction / resistance / drag



Reduce water friction / drag / resistance



Easy to float // Not easy to break // Slides faster // Increases the speed // Light // With stand // Small mass



To avoid the sail absorbed water // becomes heavier // Not easy to tear off // Small mass // Lighter // Can withstand strong wind without damage



1

1



1



1



1



Trap more wind // Bigger force

1

1

1

1



You are given two convex lenses, P and Q, with focal len gths 40 cm and 5 cm respectively. Both the lenses are used to build a simple astronomical telescope at normal adjustment. (i) Using the two lenses, explain how you are going to build the simple astronomical telescope. (ii) Suggest modification that needs to be done on the telescope to produce cl earer and bigger images. Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2010

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PHYSICS 2010


[10 marks] Solution:

-

Increases the diameter of t e objective lens More light enter the lens 1 Increases the focal length 1 Increase the magnification 1



1

SCORING EXAMPLE - Paper 2 Section C

(DECISION MAKING) [10 MA KS] 1.

Diagram 11.1 shows a light signal travelling through an optical fibre

(a)

ade of glass.

The optical fibre i Diagram 11.1 can be used in telecommunications and medicine. You are asked to inves igate the characteristics of optical fibres for se in these fields as shown in Table 11.

Answering Techniqu for SPM Physics | 2010

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PHYSICS 2010


Explain the suitability of each feature of optical fibre in Table 11 for use in telecommunications and medicine. Determine the most suitable optical fibre that is capable of carrying the largest number of signals simultaneously. Give reasons for your choice. [10 marks]


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PHYSICS 2010


Characteristics

Explanation 

Use a bundle of fine parallel optical fibre

Choose

η > η 1

2



1

Must be high flexibility

1

Can receive more information



1

1

Total internal reflection can occur  1 

Purity of inner core must be very high

So that it can follow the curve path 

1



1

So that the signal can travel without losing information // information easy to send 1

R is choose 1 Because it use a bundle of fine parallel optical fibre, η > η , high flexibility and very high purity of inner core

2.

(a)

1 

1

2

Your are asked to investigate the design and the characteristics of five filament lamps shown in diagram 12.2 Explain suitability of each characteristic of the lamps and determine the lamp which can produce the brightest light. Give reason for your choice.


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PHYSICS 2010


[10 marks] Characteristics

Coild Thin

 

1

1

Tungsten



1

Low pressure

Explanation

High resistance / more heat

1 

More resistance / more heat

1 

High mealting point / High resistance / Not melt easily 1 

1

The bulb will not burst / explode / brake 1

R 1 Coiled, thin wire, tungsten, nitrogen at low pressure

1 


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PHYSICS 2010

(b)


Diagram 12.3 shows an energy saving bulb. When it is connected to a 240 V power supply, the bulb produces 10 joules per second of light energy.

Calculate (i) the current flows through the bulb (ii) the heat energy lost in 1 second from the bulb (iii) the efficiency of the bulb [5 marks]

Solution: (i)

ŵŵ

Correct substitution



ŶŸŴ

0.046 A / 0.05 A

Correct answer with unit 

(ii)

1J

Correct answer 

(iii)

#" ##

x 100%

90.91 % / 90.909 % / 90.9090%

Correct substitution



Correct answer 


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PHYSICS 2010


SCORING EXAMPLE - Paper 2 Section B (COMPRENSHION) This element is concerned with the ability to interpret, extrapolate, and understand concepts or principle in Physics.

1.

(a)

Observe diagram 6.1 and diagram 6.2 (i) Compare the depths of the water in region X and region Y. X is deeper / bigger / higher / X > Y / Y < X [1 mark] (ii)

Compare the wave lengths of the waves in region X and region Y. X is longer / X > Y / Y < X [1 mark]

(iii)

Relate the depth of water to the wave length of the waves. The deeper the water, the longer the wavelength / wavelength is directly proportional to the depth of the water / h α λ [1 mark]

(iv)

(v)

Name the wave phenomenon involved Refraction / Refract [1 mark] Explain why the wave front of sea water will follow the shape of the shore when it approaches the shore. - The depth of the water decreasing / move in shallow area - The velocity is decreasing / wavelength is decreasing / λ decreasing - Refraction occurs / bending / change direction /diagram

[3 marks] Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2010

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PHYSICS 2010

2.


On diagram 8.2 draw a ray diagram to show how the image form.

[3 marks] 3.

You are given two pieces of plane mirror measuring 5 cm x 6 cm to make a periscope. (i) Using these mirrors and other materials, describe how you would make the periscope. [4 marks]


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SULIT

4531/3 Section A [28 marks]

Answer all questions in this section 1

A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the length of wire, l, and its resistance, R. The arrangement of the apparatus is shown in Diagram 1.1. An ammeter, dry cells, a rheostat, a switch and piece of constantan sire are connected in series. A voltmeter is used to measure the potential difference, V, across the constantan wire between P and Q. A constantan wire of length, l = 20.0 cm is connected between P and Q. When the switch is on, the rheostat is adjusted until the ammeter reading is 0.50 A. The voltmeter reading, V, is as shown in Diagram 1.2 on page 4. The corresponding voltmeter reading across P and Q are shown in Diagram 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6 page 4.


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SULIT

(a)

4531/3

For the experiment describe on pages 2 and 3, identify: (i) The manipulated variable Length of (wire) / l [1 mark] (ii)

The responding variable Resistance / R // Potential difference / V // Voltmeter reading // Voltage *Rej: voltmeter [1 mark]

(iii) The constant variable Diameter of wire // Type of wire // Current // Thickness // Cross-sections of wire // Radius // Ammeter reading // SWG // Resistivity // Temperature *Rej: Size, no of battery, emf, dge [1 mark] (b

Based in Diagram 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6 on page 4: (i) Record the voltmeter readings, V, in the spaces provided on page 4. Diagram 1.2 : 0.4 V Diagram 1.3 : 0.9 V Diagram 1.4 : 1.3 V Diagram 1.5 : 1.7 V Diagram 1.6 : 2.2 V [2 marks] (ii)

Calculate the values of R for each length of wire using the formula R =

V 0.5

Diagram 1.2 : 0.8 Ω Diagram 1.3 : 1.8 Ω Diagram 1.4 : 2.6 Ω Diagram 1.5 : 3.4 Ω Diagram 1.6 : 4.4 Ω [2 marks] (iii) Tabulate your results for V and R for all values of l , in the space below. l / cm 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0   

V/V 0.4 0.9 1.3 1.7 2.2

R / ohm 0.8 1.8 2.6 3.4 4.4

Values of l , V and R shown in the table State the units of L, V and R correctly The values of l , V and R are consistent to one or two decimal place. [3 marks]


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PHYSICS 2010

(c)

(d)


On the graph paper on page 6, plot a graph of R against l . -

Show R on the vertical-axis and l on the horizontal-axis



-

State the units of the variable correctly / symbol of units



-

Both axes are marked with uniform (even) scale  * (1:1, 1: 2, 1:4, 1:5, 1:10) * Rej: Odd scale

-

All five points are plotted correctly  * ± 1 (2 mm x 2 mm) * 5 points – 2m / 3-4 points – 1m

-

Best fitted straight line  * point to the line ≤ 5 mm @ 2.5

-

Show the minimum size of graph at least 5 (y) x 4 (x) ( 2 cm x 2 cm) square  * Start from the origin until the last point [5 marks]

Based on your graph in 1(c), state the relationship between R and l . Resistance of wire / R is directly proportional to the length of wire / l / R α l , l α R / Increasing linearly [1 mark]


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PHYSICS 2010



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PHYSICS 2010

2


A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the mass, m, of a load placed on a spring and the length, l , of the spring. The student also determines the spring constant, k. The result of this experiment is shown in the graph of l against m in Diagram 2.1 on page 9.


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PHYSICS 2010

(a)

(b)


Based on the graph in Diagram 2.1 (i) what happens to l as m increases? Increases // longer // extended // greater length // bigger length // higher length [1 mark] (ii) determine the value of l when m = 0 g. Shown on the graph, how you determine the value of l. l = 9.5 – 10 cm - show graphical extrapolation correctly - state the value within acceptable range [2 marks] The spring constant, k, is given by the formula k = 1/h, where h is the gradient of the graph. (i) Calculate the gradient, h, of the graph. Show on the graph how you calculate h.

h = (22.5 – 10)/60 -1 = 0.208 cm g - Draw a sufficiently large triangle ≥ 8 cm x 8 cm - Correct substitution - State the value within acceptable range and correct unit * Reject : answer in fraction [3 marks] (ii)

Determine the value of k. k = 1/h = 4.81 g cm-1

- Correct substitution - State the value of k within the acceptable range [2 marks] (c)

Another identical spring is connected in series to the end of the spring. The spring constant, k’, of the two springs in series is given by the formula

1

=

1

+

1

k' ' k k

.

Calculate k’. k’ = ………………………….

- Correct substitution 1 '

=

k'

1 4.81

+

1 4.81

.

- State the value of 1 k' '

=

1 k'

1 4.81

- State the value of k’ 2.41 g cm-1 / 2.405 g cm-1 [2 marks] Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2010

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PHYSICS 2010

(d)


State two precautions that can be taken to improve the accuracy of the readings in this experiment. Repeat readings and take average Eye perpendicular to the scale/reading to avoid parallax error. Ensure the spring does not swing / at rest when reading is taken.

*Rej: parallax error, parallel [2 marks]


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PHYSICS 2010

[TIPS FOR ANSWERING SPM PAPER] Section B [12 marks] Answer any one questions from this section

1

Diagram 3 shows two opaque cups, A and B, containing different amount of water. A s imilar coin is placed at the bottom of each cup. When the coin is observed from the same position, the image of the coin in cup A cannot be seen, but the image of the coin in cup B can be seen.

Diagram 3 Based on your observation on the depth of the water and the position of the images of the coins: (a)

State one suitable inference Depth of water affects the position of image Position of image depends on the depth of water

*Note: Must have cause without effect RV influenced by MV RV affected MV MV affects RV [1 mark] (b)

State one hypothesis that could be investigated. The more the depth of water, the more the depth of the image // the higher is the image.

*Note: Must have cause and effect [1 mark] Answering Technique for SPM Physics | 2010

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PHYSICS 2010

(c)


With the use of apparatus such as a tall beaker, pins and other apparatus, describe an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b) In your description, state clearly the following; i. The aim of the experiment. To investigate the relationship between the depth of water and apparent depth // real depth and apparent depth *Note: Relate MV and RV ii.

The variables in the experiment. Manipulated variable: Real depth Responding variable: Apparent depth // Depth of image

* Note: Both must correct Constant variable: Density of water // Refractive index // Type of liquid iii.

The list of apparatus and materials. Beaker, Water, Pins, Set of retort stand, Metre rule // Diagram

iv.

The arrangement of apparatus. - State a functional arrangement of the apparatus

*Note: Functional mean experimental can be done or can get a data.

v.

The procedures of the experiment which include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable. State the method to control manipulated variable Fill beaker with water to a depth of d 1 = 10 cm / any number or symbol/letter State the method to measure the responding variable Move the pin outside the beaker to obtain the apparent position of the pin in the beaker. Measure the position of the pin from the surface of the water to the pin.


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PHYSICS 2010


Repeat the experiment at least 4 times Repeat the previous steps by increasing the depth of water 15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm and 30 cm.

vi.

The way to tabulate the data. Show how the data is tabulated. *Note: Must have 2 columns

Depth of water, d / cm 10 15 20 25 30 vii.

Apparent depth, h / cm

The way to analyse the data. Plot a graph of apparent depth against the depth of water / real depth // Sketch of graph. Apparent depth/cm

Depth of water/cm

- If use symbol, must mention earlier. - Accept conclusion, statement of variable related. - h α d [10 marks]


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Examination Format Answer 2

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