Evolution of Radial Drilling Machine

MULTI AXIS ARM TYPE DRILLING MACHINE

CONTENTS CHAPTER

SYNOPSIS

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1

Introduction Introd uction to drilling drillin g machine

1.2

Brief history

2. OVERVIEW OF DRILLING MACHINE

2.1

Basic definition of drilling machine

2.2

Types of drilling machine

2.3

Construction

2.4

Types of drills

3. DRILLING MACHINE OPERATION

3.1

Working Principle

3.2

Types of drilling operation

3.3

Work holding devices

3.4

Drilling parameters

4. PROBLEM STATEMENT

4.1

Problem statement

5. NECESSITY FOR MULTI AXIS ARM TYPE DRILLING MACHINE

5.1

Problems Faced

Dept of Mechanical Engg.

~ 1 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


5.2

6.

Need for Multi axis arm type drilling machine

PARTS OF THE MACHINE

6.1

Base

6.2

Arms

6.3

Cross Slide

6.4

Drilling machine

7. PART DESIGN & DRAWINGS OF THE MACHINE

7.1

Arm design

7.2

Base design

7.3

Cross slide

7.4

3D Model

8. FUTURESCOPE

8.1

Future scope of base

8.2

Future scope of machine

9. ADVANTAGES

10. CONCLUSION

11. BIBLIOGRAPHY


~ 2 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


SYNOPSIS


~ 3 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E

MULTI AXIS ARM TYPE DRILLING MACHINE Ever

since mankind has made too ls or machine to minimize his work he has been in a

continuous mission to find easier alternatives hence led the invention of many machines like st

lathe , milling machine , drilling machine , etc. The invention of 1 electric drill is credited to be st

Arthur James James Arnot & William William Blanch Brain in 1889.The 1 Portable drilling machine was created in the year 1895 in Melbourne and then came the other types of drilling machines« In the increasingly competitive environment, production technology is the key to industrial industrial prosperity. Rapid advances in the field of metal working, particularly in the past half centur y, are responsible for evolving not only new machining techniques but also for refining many o f the earlier known basic processes. Hence there was a need for innovation and implementation of newer and better designs in almost every possible field in every possible way. World is in the constant process and the t he need for change in every field everyone everyo ne is in search of a bett er or economical solutions to the already present technology or machineries. Drilling is a machining process in which a hole is produced or enlarged by the use of a specific type of end cutting too l called the drill. It is usually the most effective and econo mical method of producing holes in solid materials. Drilling of holes can be regarded as one of man¶s earliest machining achievements and it is one of the most widely used manufacturing processes. However in spite of its economic significance, not much changes were made in the geometrical shape of a drill point. It is only in recent years that considerable development has t aken place to evolve more efficient drill designs, newer tool mater ials, ials, productive pro ductive methods of manufacturing drills and better methods of sharpening drill dr ill points. As the name itself explains it is a manually controlled machine which has been designed with multi axis so as to achieve the required drilling action in many complex degrees which were difficult to achieve initially. In this machine the arm acts similar to a robotic arm but in a manual way. There is a cross slide which gives the linear movement to the drilling machine which takes care of the depth of the hole required and a stroke length of 125mm can be achieved using the slide. Since the machine is manually set, the accuracy of the hole or point at which the hole can be drilled depends on the accuracy with which the machinist sets the end drill bit to the point. Once the drill bit is made to touch the point , , pre-marked on the work


~ 4 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E

MULTI AXIS ARM TYPE DRILLING MACHINE piece, then the machine is to be started, set to the required speed and the depth is given using the slide, which gives a linear motion to the drilling machine. The flexibility achieved using this machine is an added advantage to the machine. With multiple axes available we aim to achieve drilling at any position known to us or required in the given design. The measuring and accuracy in order to maintain perpendicularity of the drill is obtained using angular measuring instruments like spirit levels, protractors etc. The linear measurements are done using linear scales.

The main movements in the machine are:



360 degrees rotation of the base.



180 degrees rotation of arm joint.



Movement of the arm and cross slide



Linear slide movement.


~ 5 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION


~ 6 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


1.1

INTRODUCTION TO DRILLING MACHINE The drilling machine (drill press) is a single purpose machine for the production of

holes. Drilling Drilling is generally the best method of producing holes with the use use of tool called called drill generally called drill bit. The drill dr ill bit bit is a cylindrical bar with helical flutes and radial cutting edges at one end. The drilling operation operation simply consists of rotating the drill and feeding it into the work piece being drilled at a specified speed and feed as per the requirement varying to the size and depth of the hole. The process is simple and reasonably accur ate and the drill d rill is easily controlled both in cutting speed and feed rate the cutting speed depends purely on the gear settings in the machine in order to set the speed i.e. lower speed for larger size drills and higher speed for the smaller smaller size drills. drills. The drill is probably one of the original and conventional machining processes and is the most widely widely used.

Drilling machine -important features/dimensions

A drill press (also known as pedestal drill, pillar drill, or bench drill) is a fixed style of drill that may be mounted on a stand or bolted to the floor or workbench. A drill press consists of a base, column (or pillar), table,spindle (or quill), and drill head, usually driven by an induction motor. The head has a set of handles (usually 3) radiating from a central hub that, when turned, move the spindle and chuck vertically, parallel to the axis of the column. The table can be adjusted vertically and is generally moved by a rack & pinion; however, some older models rely on the operator to lift and reclamp the table in position. The table may also be offset from the spindle's axis and in some cases rotated to a position perpendicular to the column. The size of a drill press is typically measured in terms of swing of swing . Swing is defined as twice the throat distance, distance, which is the distance from the center of the spindle to the closest


~ 7 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E

MULTI AXIS ARM TYPE DRILLING MACHINE edge of the pillar. For example, a 16-inch (410 mm) drill press will have an 8-inch (200 mm) throat distance.

A drill press has a number of advantages over a hand-held dr ill: ill: 

Less

effort is required to apply the drill d rill to the work piece. The movement of the chuck

and spindle is by a lever working on a rack and pinion, which gives the operator considerable mechanical advantage 

The table allows a vise or o r clamp to be used to position position and a nd restrain the work, making the operation much more secure



The angle of o f the spindle is fixed relative to the table, allowing allowing holes ho les to be drilled accurately and consistently



Drill presses are almost always equipped with more po werful motors motors compared to handheld drills. This enables larger drill bits to be used and also speeds up drilli dr illing ng with smaller bits.

Speed change is achieved by manually moving a belt across a stepped pulley arrangement. Some drill presses add a third stepped pulley to increase the speed range. Modern drill presses can, however, use a variable-speed motor in conjunction with the stepped-pulley system. Some machine shop (tool room) drill presses are equ ipped with a continuously variable transmission, giving a wide speed range, as well as the ability to change speed while the machine is running. Drill presses are often used for miscellaneous workshop tasks such as sanding, honing or polishing, by mounting sanding drums, honing hon ing wheels and various other rotating accessories in the chuck. This can be unsafe in some cases, as the chuck arbor, which may be retained in the spindle solely by the friction of a taper t aper fit, may dislodge during operation.


~ 8 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


1.2

BRI EF HISTORY The earliest drills were bow drills which date back to the ancient Harappans and

Egyptians. The

drill press as a machine tool evolved from the bow drill and is many centuries old. It was powered by various power sources over the centuries, such as human effort, water wheels, and windmills, often with the use of belts. With the coming of the electric motor in the late 19th century, there was a great rush to power machine tools with such motors, and drills were among them. The invention of the first electric drill is credited to Arthur James Arnot and William Blanch Brain, in 1889, at Melbourne, Australia. Wilhelm Fein invented the portable electric drill in 1895, at Stuttgart, Germany. In 1917, Black & Decker patented a trigger-like switch mounted on a pistol-grip handle.


~ 9 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


CHAPTER 2

OVERVIEW OF DRILLING MACHINE


~ 10 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


2.1

Basic definition Drilling is an operation of making a circular hole by removing a volume of metal from

the job by cutting too l called drill. A drill is a rotary end-cutting tool with one o r more cutting lips and usually one or more flutes for the passage of chips and the ad mission mission of o f cutting fluid. A drilling machine is a machine tool too l designed for drilling holes in metals. It is one o f the most important and versatile machine tools in a wo rkshop. Besides drilling round holes, many other operations can also be performed per formed on the drilling machine such as co unter- boring, countersinking, honing, reaming, lapping, sanding etc.

2.2

Types of drilling machine 

Bench Drill

The most common common form of drilling machine is the bench drill. As the name implies this machine is normally bolted down to a bench. bench. The workpiece can be clamped onto the worktable worktable or onto the base. Tee slots are normally normally provided for this function. function. The worktable can be moved moved up and down the vertical vertical column. The worktable can be clamped at the selected height. The drill is is normally located in a t hree jaw chuck which is rotated by the drive system. The figure below shows a belt drive. Modern bench drills are driven by more sophisticated sophisticated arrangements. The chuck is moved up and down by a feed handle which drives rotating spindle via a rack and pinion mechanism.


~ 11 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E

MULTI AXIS ARM TYPE DRILLING MACHINE 

Pillar Drill

The pillar drill has the same features as the bench drill. drill. This drill is however free standing standing and is of a far heavier construction construction able to take larger drills. drills. The larger drills drills normally have taper shanks which are located within a taper bore in the spindle end. These tapers are standardized standardized as morse tapers.



Radial Arm Drill

The radial drill is a free free standing and the work piece is clamped in position on the base. The drill head is positioned using motorized drives.


~ 12 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E




CNC controlled drilling machine

This CNC controlled drilling system is the highest capacity machine for drilling steel beams. With its 3 drilling units it is possible to drill profiles simultaneous vertically as well as horizontally. This system is the top level machine out of the drilling range. The most advanced, the highest capacity and the most efficient.



Hand Drilling Machines

Hand drilling machines are one o f most commonly used hand tools for domestic as well as industrial works. Electrician to plumber, carpenters to metal fabricator everyone need had drilling machine. Hand drilling machines are nor mally small in size and are portable. Hand drilling machines are equipped with a dr ill chuck where smaller sized drills can be held. The hand drilling is mostly performed by holding ho lding the hand drilling machine normal to t he plane where you are making the hole and by forcing t he rotating drill into the work piece. See that you have held the hand drilling machine straight and perpendicular to the drilling face or else you are at risk of o f either breakage of drill or work piece.


~ 13 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Construction

2.3

The machine has only a hand feed mechanism for feeding the tool into the work piece. This enables the operator to feel how ho w the drill is cutting and accordingly accord ingly he can control the down feed pressure. Sensitive drill presses are manufactured in bench o r floor models, i.e., the base of machine may be mounted on a bench or floor. The main operating parts of o f a sensitive machine/drill press are Base, Column, Table, and Dr ill Head. 

Base:

The base is a heavy cast ing that supports the machine structure; it provides rigid mounting for the column and stability for the machine. The base is usually provided with ho les and slots which help to Bolt the base to a table or bench and allow the work-holding device or the work piece to be fastened to the base. 

Column

The column is a vertical vert ical post that Column holds the worktable and the h ead containing the driving mechanism. The column may be of round or box section. 

Table

The table, either rectangular rectangu lar or round. Drill machine/press in shape supports the work piece and is carried by the vertical column. The surface of the table is 90-degree to the column and it can be raised, lowered and swiveled around it. The table can be clamp/hold the required the work piece. Slots are provided in most tables to allow the jigs, fixtures or large work pieces to be securely fixed directly to the table. 

Drilling Head

The drilling head, mounted close to the top of the column, houses the t he driving arrangement and variable speed pulleys. These units transmit rotary motion at different speeds to the drill spindle. The hand feed lever is used to control the vertical movement o f the spindle sleeve and the cutting cutt ing tool. The system is called the sensitive drilling machine/press as the o perator is able to sense the progress of drill with hand-faced.


~ 14 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


TYPES OF DRILLS

2.4

A drill is a multi point cutting tool used to produce or enlarge a ho le in the workpiece. It usually consists of two cutting edges set an angle with the axis. Broadly there are three types of drills:   

Flat drill, Straight-fluted drill, and Twist drill

Flat drill is usually made from a piece p iece of round steel which is forged to shape and ground to size, then hardened and tempered. The cutting angle is usually 90 deg. and the relief or clearance at the cutting edge is 3 to 8 deg. The disadvantage of this type of drill is that each time the drill is ground the diameter is reduced. Twist drill is the most common type of drill in use today. The various types of twist drills (parallel shank type and Morse taper shank type) .


~ 15 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


CHAPTER 3

DRILLING MACHINE OPERATIONS


~ 16 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


3.1

WORKING PRINCIPLE: The rotating edge of o f the drill exerts a large force on the wo rk piece and the hole is

generated. The removal of meta l in a drilling operation is by shearing and extrusion.

Working Principle of Drill machine mac hine Sensitive Drill Machine/Drill Press

3.2

Types of Drilling operations  

Drilling Reaming



Boring



Counter boring



Countersinking



Spot facing



Tapping

 Lapping 

Grinding



Trepanning.


~ 17 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Drilling This is the operation of making a circular hole by removing a vo lume of metal from the job by a rotating cutt ing ing tool too l called drill. Drilling removes solid metal from the job to produce a circularhole. Before drilling, the hole is located by drawing two lines at right angle and a center punch is used to make an indentation for the drill d rill point at the center to help the drill dr ill in getting started. A suitable drill is held in the dr ill machine and the drill machine is adjusted to operate at the correct co rrect cutting speed. The drill machine is started and the drill starts rotating. Cutting fluid is made to flow liberally and t he cut is started. The rotating drill is made to feed into the job. The hole, depending upon its length, may be drilled in one or more steps. After the drilling operation is complete, the drill is removed from the ho le and the power is turned off.

Reaming This is the operation of sizing and finishing a hole already made by a drill. Reaming is performed by means of a cutting cutt ing tool called reamer. Reaming operation operat ion serves to make the hole smooth, straight and accurate in diameter. Reaming operation is performed by means of a multitooth tool called reamer. Reamer possesses several cutting edges o n outer periphery and may be classified as solid reamer and ad justable reamer.


~ 18 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Boring Fig. shows the boring operation operat ion where enlarging a hole by means of adjustable cutting tools with only one cutting edge is accomplished. A boring tool is employed for this purpose of work

Counter-Boring Counter boring operation is shown in Fig... F ig... It is the operation op eration of enlarging the end of a hole cylindrically,as for the recess for a co unter-sunk rivet. The tool used is known as co unter bore.

Counter-Sinking Counter-sinking operation is shown in Fig. 22. 10. This is the operation of making a coneshaped enlargement of the end of a hole, as for the recess for a flat head screw. This is done for providing a seat for counter co unter sunk heads of the screws so that the latter may flush withthe main surface of the work.


~ 19 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Lapping This is the operation of sizing and finishing a hole by removing very small amou nts of material by means of an abrasive. The T he abrasive material is kept in contact with the sides of a hole that is to be lapped, by the use of a lapping tool.

Spot-Facing This is the operation of removing enough material to provide a flat surface around a hole to accommodate the head o f a bolt or a nut. A spot-facing tool is very nearly similar to the counter-bore

Tapping It is the operation of cutting internal threads by using a tool called a t ap. A tap is similar to a bolt with accurate threads cut on it. To perform the tapp ing operation, a tap is screwed into the hole by hand or by machine. The tap t ap removes metal and cuts internal threads, which will fit into external threads of the same size. For Fo r all materials except cast iron, a little little lubricate oil is applied to improve the action. act ion. The tap is not turned continuously, but after every half turn, it should be reversed slightly to clear the t he threads. Tapping operation is shown in Fig.

Core drilling Core drilling operation is shown in Fig.. It is a main operation, which is performed on radial drilling machine for producing a circular c ircular hole, which is deep in the so lid metal by means of revolving tool called ca lled drill.


~ 20 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


3.3

Work Holding Devices generally used in drilling machines Machine Table Vice: The machine vice is equipped with jaws which clamps the work piece.

The vice can be bolted to the drilling table or the tail can be swung around swung around. Fig. shows the standard and swivel vice. The swivel vice is a machine wise that can be swivel through 360° on a horizontal plane.

Machine Table vice.

3.4

DRILLING PARAMETERS

Cutting Speed (v):-

It¶s the peripheral speed of the drill. The cutting speed depends upon the properties of the material being drilled, drill material, drill diameter, rate of speed, coo lant used etc« v = *D*N where D = dia of the drill in m N = Speed of rotation in rpm

Feed Rate (f):It¶s the movement of drill along the axis (rpm)


~ 21 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Depth of Cut (d):The distance from the machined surface to the drill axis. d=D/2 As the depth of hole increases, the chip ejection becomes more difficult and the fresh cutting fluid is not able to cutting zone. Hence for machining the lengthy hole special type of drill called µgun drill¶ is used.

Material Removal Rate: It¶s the volume of material removed by the dr ill per unit time MRR = (D2 / 4) * f * N mm3 / min

Machining Time (T) :It depends upon the length (l) of the hole to be drilled , to the Speed (N) and feed (f) of the drill t = L / f N min


~ 22 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


CHAPTER 4

PROBLEM STATEMENT


~ 23 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


4.1

PROBLEM STATEMENT Drilling is done on heavy and a nd larger objects manually but if holes are to be drilled at

certain angles it is impossible to achieve accuracy by hand drilling. Hence there is a need for better and futuristic equipments in order to make human work easier which has been the t he sole concern behind every inventions that we see today in our day to day life. A similar effort to give g ive rise to a new cost co st effective and simpler solution to the already present radial drilling machine is the main objective of our project. Our project is made keeping in mind o f the needs of present day small scale industry and provide t hem the ease of working which was previously bene fited fited only by the large scale industries who had huge investment capital. Since it is a portable type of design this machine also removes the d ifficulties ifficulties of dismantling work pieces and then drilling it instead it can be used to directly mount on the large work piece or near to it.


~ 24 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


CHAPTER 5

NECCESITY OF MULTI AXIS ARM TYPE DRILLING MACHINE


~ 25 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


5.1

Problems Faced o



In a radial arm drilling machine can only rotate upto 270 about its base



Work part should always be smaller than its work table form it perform the drilling operation.



As machine being very heavy its less portable



Cost of machine is also high h igh



Maintenance of machine is also high



Difficult Difficult for the small scale industries to afford the costlier machines



Angular drilling cannot be done on the work piece



More space is required



Reach of the machine is very limited to structure


~ 26 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


5.2

NEED FOR MULTI AXIS ARM TYPE DRILLING MACHINE

From time immemorial, immemorial, there has been a lot of problem faced faced by people .They use to drill manually, which is time consuming process and is a hectic job. The modern drilling machine available in market is costly and small scale industries cannot afford it.

In order to overcome o vercome this problem we are coming out with a new idea of multi axis arm type drilling machine.

Multi axis arm type drilling machine is something t hat was not available for small scale industries but our design has brought down the cost of the machine in such a way that any small scale industries can implement it.

Here the whole assembly need not be dismantled instead by modifying our base we can fix our machine on to the assembly itself

It is simple to use and complicated co mplicated drills can be achieved very easily.


~ 27 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


CHAPTER 6

PARTS OF THE MACHINE


~ 28 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E

MULTI AXIS ARM TYPE DRILLING MACHINE 6.1

Base The base acts a support for the whole machine. The parts of the base are mentioned

below

Base Plate Design of the lower base plate is made such so that it allows various ways of clamping o n to ground as well as on to any work bench. It¶s made of a cast iron .Engraving are made on to it measure the angle of rotation .Lower base plate holds the complete structure on to it. Shock absorbing pads can be p laced at bottom to reduce vibration during machining operation. Locking of base plate can be done using high tension bolts on ground. Locking of base plate on the work bench can be done using the C- clamps and various other clamping devices.


~ 29 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Base plate contains of the following parts: 

Spigot



T slot



T bolt

SPIGOT 

It has a diameter of 126mm 126 mm and a height of 11mm. 11 mm. It has the main support for upper up per base plate.



It helps upper base plate to revolve over bottom base plate achieving 360° angle of rotation without missing the angle of axis of rotat ion.



It maintains the centre axis of two plates while rotation.



It helps the upper plate to rotate at greater accuracy.



It¶s has smoother finish to reduce friction at co ntact region of plates.

T Slot 

It has a diameter of 286mm and a nd a height of 13mm. It is made of Cast iron material.



It is used to guide the bolt.



Its main purpose is to lock the upper base plate with help of the nuts.



The base consists of a hole ho le to guide the bolts into it.

Top Plate 

It has a diameter of 246 mm and a slot below of 126mm 126 mm to a depth of 12mm for it to accommodate on the base. It is made of E N8 material. o



It consist of spigot mechanism as well to give 180 rotation to the arm assembly



The rotation of the vertical vert ical plate is done using another mechanism i.e. Worm gear mechanism. This mechanism is driven manually using ha nd held lever



The degree of rotation is measured using engravings provided on plate



A worm gear used is a 24 teeth 2.5 module modu le a single start worm. Hence one full rotation of the worm will rotate the arm assembly by 15 degrees.


~ 30 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E

MULTI AXIS ARM TYPE DRILLING MACHINE 

Since we have used a single start worm gear it prevents slippage and re verse motion due to the load of the arm. Hence some amount of locking is done.



Spigot helps in maintaining the axis a xis of rotation and does not allow the axis of rotation to change hence maintaining maintaining the t he accuracy of rotation. Back lash is very less.

T plate  

The dimensions of this plate is 225x120x16mm. 225x120x16 mm. It has 4 holes in order to accommodate on the base assembly.




~ 31 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


WORM GEAR 

The pinion or worm has a smaller number of teeth, usually one to four, and since they completely wrap around the p itch cylinder they are called threads. Its mating gear is called a worm gear, which is not a true helical gear.



A worm and worm gear are used to provide a high angular velocity reduction between non-intersecting shafts which are usually at right angles. The worm gear is not a helical gear because its face is made concave to fit fit the t he curvature of the worm in order to provide line contact instead of point co ntact. Because of the line contact, worm gear can transmit high tooth loads. The T he disadvantage of worm gearing is the high sliding ve locities across the teeth.


~ 32 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


ARM

The arm is of a hollow rectangular tube. It has dimensions of 40*80*400. It is made up of M.S. medium carbon steel. There are two arms: 

Primary arm



Secondary arm.

The primary arm holds the secondary arm and it is with the help of this arm the 180° of rotation is transferred from the t plate to the secondary arm in order to move the drill head at angles.

Construction of Primary arm It is made of M.S. rectangular tube.

Firstly a rectangular tube of 420mm 420 mm is taken. Two holes are drilled on either e ither face of the arm. The side of the arm is engraved like a U section and cut with axe blade to ease the rotation of arms over the spigot and the t he secondary arm.

Four rectangular blocks of E N 8 material are used to place inside the end part of the hollow rectangular bar so that it can w ithstand the self load of the machine and the bending moment on the ends. The T he blocks are welded by t ig welding operation. Hand grinding is done to make circular shape at the end of the arms in order to accommodate more angular motions and to provide good surface finish. High tension bolts are used to lock the arms on the spigot of the T slot and 3 scrub screws are used around the bolt at each end of the arm to increase the contact surface area and prevent the slippage of o f arm due to self weight. The final dimensions of arm is 40*80*400.


~ 33 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Construction of Secondary arm It is made up of M.S. steel. This arm joins the primary arm and the drill head(cross slide). Construction: An arm of 420 mm is taken and cut. It is cut in such a way that a 16x75mm remains on the ends of the rectangular plate. Then two small E N8 rectangular plates are welded we lded at both the ends and grinded gr inded to a semi circular shape so that easy rotation of arms can be achieved.


~ 34 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


CROSS SLIDE

It has the following parts: Feed rod: which gives the feed for the drilling machine. Clamp mechanism: It is used to hold the drilling machine intact with the cross slide. Lead

screw: It is used to give the linear motion to the cross slide.

Hand wheel: To provide feed and the depth of the hole. Guide ways: Guides the rectangular p late on which the hand drill is fixed.

There is a aluminium fixture that comes on the rectangular block in order to clamp the drilling machine.


~ 35 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


The cross slide along with drilling machine. 6.4

DRILLING MACHINE We have used a hand drilling machine to be fixed o n the cross slide. The hand drilling

machine weighs around 1.8 kg and a maximum maximum speed of 3000 rpm at no load load condition. Power required to run the drilli dr illing ng machine is around 450Watts. It is a variable speed drilling machine. A maximum of 10mm drill can be ac hieved with variable speed control. contro l. Our drilling machine can drill holes on concrete, wood and metal. The drill bit can be rotated both clockwise and anticlockwise direction.


~ 36 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E

MULTI AXIS ARM TYPE DRILLING MACHINE The drilling machine can be changed depending on the customer requirements and hence the drilling capacity need not be limited because specific drilling machine have their capacities.

CHAPTER 7

PART DESIGN & DRAWINGS OF THE MACHINE Dept of Mechanical Engg.

~ 37 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


7.1

Arm design


~ 38 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


7.2

Base

, 7 6 6 8 2 1 1 6 , 3 O O 2 8 O

O

,4 1 5 1 4

7 3 2

2 O 3

R 1 6 R8

0 0 1 O

8 5

7 4

7 2


~ 39 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


7.3

CROSS SLIDE DRAWING

O

O 22

O 32

6 4

32 4 2

72 130 2

1,5

2,5

42,2 2 3

6 4

3 2

121 130

Rectangular Block 0 7 6 4 2 2 1 1 1 1

7 1

16

5

18

12

272

15

Lead screw O

5

5 0 1

35

O

, 0 2 1 0

8 , 6

O

2 7

103

136,9

35,1

310

Top plate


~ 40 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


2 3 0 , 2

207,97

,9 5 9 9

9 , 9 7

R 23,72 400

6 4 , 8 1

15,96 19,95

59,84 19,95

R 443,67

R 747,16

0 8 1 3 1 1

0 6 1

3 3 , 6 1

5 2

6 1 , 7 4

6 8 , 7 8

273

2D Assembly drawing

7.4


3-D Assembled Model

~ 41 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Flexibility of the machine


~ 42 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Parts of Machine


~ 43 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Photos of the machine


~ 44 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


CHAPTER 8

FUTURESCOPE


~ 45 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


8.1

FUTURE SCOPE OF BASE  Complete automation can be achieved  Easy 

locking technique can be derived.

180o rotation of the upper base plate can be modified further more to achieve 360o rotation



Mobility of machine can be increased.



Portability can be improvised.



Base bottom plate can be magnetized for an environment where no clamping is possible.

 Locking

8.2

in the base can be further accurate by the use of gears or any stepper motor.

FUTURE SCOPE OF MACHINE 

The machine can be automated by fixing motors at joints so as to rotate the base, arms and cross slide.

 Locking 

mechanism can be improvised for greater accuracy by giving graduated scales.

The drilling head assembly with slide can be replaced by other equ ipments like tig welding gun/ gas welding nozzle/ no zzle/ gas cutting equipment thus making it a multifunctional multifunctional machine.


~ 46 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


CHAPTER 9

ADVANTAGES


~ 47 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Advantages 

Price comparative to other available in market will be much cheaper the presently available smallest radial drilling machine will cost approximately 1.5 lakhs we ll this machine costs only 40000 rupees.



High accuracy while drilling complex co mplex drills can be achieved.



It is a multifunctional portable machine.



The sixth degree of freedom is an added advantage of using the machine.



The machine design on o n further up gradation is a new step towards evolution of drilling machine would outnumber the presently available model.



Helping the needy small scale industries had been our motto and we have succeeded in giving a simpler solution which has a huge hug e scope to be improvised in the near future.



The flexibility of machining is also one o f the main feature of our machine.


~ 48 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


CHAPTER 10

CONCLUSION


~ 49 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


Our project is a sincere and co mbined effort from all the team members involved. The team goal was to produce a cost effective drilling machine which would help the small scale industry. It would help to drill holes easily at any desired angle accurately accurate ly.. So this project stands in line to produce fully automated portable drilling machines in the upcoming years. There are plans to develop the p roject in the near future. This is just the beg inning.


~ 50 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


CHAPTER 11

BIBLIOGRAPHY


~ 51 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E


BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books referred ³PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY´ by TATA McGRAW-HILL ³MACHINE

DESIGN DATA HANDBOOK´ by Dr. K. LINGAIAH

Sites Referred www.google.com www.wikipedia.org http://www.scribd.com/doc/29436115/Introduction-to-Drilling-Technology http://www.radialdrillingmachine.net/


~ 52 ~

H.K.B.K.C.E

Evolution of Radial Drilling Machine

Recommend Documents