Essential English for Marine Engineers and Motor Man

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ESSENTIAL ENGLISH FOR MARINE ENGINEERS CHAPTER 1 DIESEL ENGINES TEXT I WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

internal combustion engine to ignite combustion chamber four-stroke cycle two-stroke cycle piston inlet suction compression working stroke exhaust crankshaft lop dead centre TDC bottom dead centre §DC inlet valve cylinder to rise exhaust valve final scavenge port to drive out remaining return stroke rocker arm fuel injector cylinder head water cooling passage camshaft cam gudgeon pin connecting rod crankpin bottom end bearing crank case exhaust manifold turboblower crosshead piston rod A-frame bedplate

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двигатель внутреннего сгоранчя зажигать, воспламенять камера сгорания четырехтактный цикл двухтактный цикл поршень впуск (напр, воздуха, пара, воды), входное отверстие всасывание сжатие рабочий ход выхлоп коленчатый вал верхняя мертвая точка нижняя мертвая точка впускной клапан цилиндр подниматься выпускной клапан завершающий продувка отверстие выталкивать остающийся обратный ход коромысло форсунка крышка цилиндра зарубашечное пространство распределительный вал кулачок, (кулачная шайба) поршневой палец шатун мотылевая шейка нижняя половинка мотылевого подшипника картер двигателя выхлопной коллектор газа газотурбонагнетатель крейцкопф шток поршня станина фундаментная рама

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TEXT

The diesel engine is an internal combustion engine which ignites the fuel by injecting it into hot high pressure air in a combustion chamber. The diesel-engine has either a four - stroke or a two1- stroke cycle. A stroke is a travel of the piston betweert its extreme points. The four stroke cycle consists of inlet (or suction), compression, power (or working stroke) and exhaust. This cycle is completed in two revolutions of the crankshaft. At the top dead centre (TDC) the inlet valve opens and fresh air is drawn in as the piston moves down suction stroke. At the bottom dead centre (BDC) the inlet valve closes and the air in the cylinder js compressed as the piston rises-compression. Fuel is (injected as the piston reaches TDC ancj^ combustion takes place producing very high pressure ip. the gases. There gases force the piston down and at BDC the exhaust valve opens. The final stroke is the exhausting of the burnt gases as the piston rises to TDC Exhaust

Figure 1.1. Four - stroke timing diagram. Диаграмма фаз газораспределения 4-х тактного двигателя. The two - stroke cycle is completed in the two strokes of the piston during one revolution of the crankshaft: the upstroke (scavenge and compression and the downstroke (power and

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exhaust stroke). Instead of valves holes known as “ports” are used which are opened and closed by the sides of the pikon as it moves. When the piston is forced down on its forking stroke it uncovers (opens) the fechaust ports. The,burnt gases then begin to exhaust Ыс} the piston continues down until it opens the inlet or scavenge ports. Pressurised air then enters and drives out the remaining exhaust gases. The piston on its return stroke closes the inlet and exhaust ports. The air is then compressed as the piston moves to the top of its stroke. Fu*l,

Pud

(П|«сЬоп

in je c tio n

btqint

^

*n ds

Figure 1.2. Two - stroke timing diagram. (Figure 1.3. Cross - section of a four stroke diesel engine, p.4) (Figure 1.4. Cross-section of a two stroke diesel engine, p. 5) TEXT 2 W ORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

i.e. - id est (лат.) single - acting engine double - acting engine opposed - piston type crosshead type trunk piston type diameter to turn relatively slow speed diesel engine medium speed diesel engine reduction gearbox

то есть двигатель простого действия двигатель двойного действия двигатель с противоположно движущимися поршнями крейцкопфный двигатель тронковый двигатель диаметр вращаться относительно низкооборотный дизель среднеоборотный дизель понижающий редуктор

Figure 1.3. Cross - section of a four stroke diesel engine. gearing valve gear push rod pump tuned exhaust jacket 3 - part liner lower side rod crosshead main crosshead pulse turbocharger charge air cooler guides relief valve air manifold piston rod gland brake horsg power largp^jbore engine

зубчатая передача клапанное распределительное устройство толкатель насос разделенный выхлоп рубашка трехсекционная втулка нижний боковой крейцкопф главный крейцкопф импульсный газотурбонагнетатель охладитель продувочного воздуха направляющие предохранительный клапан воздушный коллектор сальник штока поршня эффективная мощность двигатель с большим диаметром цилиндра

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Figure 1.4. Cross-section of a two stroke diesel engine.. TEXT All modern diesel engines are single - acting, i.e. there is only one combustion space above the piston. The diesel engines may also be opposed piston type, crosshead type and trunk piston type. Large diesel engines, which have cylinder near 900 mm in diameter turn at the relatively slow speed at about 145 rpm and less. They are known as slow speed diesel engines. At this low speed the engine requires no reduction gearbox between it and the propeller. Medium speed diesel engines operate between 150 and 450 rpm, therefore they are connected to the propeller by gearing. ( Figure 1.5. Medium speed trunk piston engine, p. 6) ( Figure 1.6. Opposed piston engine, p.7) ( Figure 1.7. Large bore single-acting two stroke crossheed type engine, p.7)

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VALVf>CEAR

TUNEO EjX H A U S T

*USH g o o

CAMSHAfT

BEDPLATE

Figure 1.5. Medium speed trunk piston engine.

UPPS И PISTON СО О LI NO WA T К Я TU-AeOCHA*GE Я

u p p c

*

PISTON

MAI M CKOSSHC * D

• C O P L A T E

Figure 1.6. Opposed piston engine. TWOPART

C T L I N O E H

c o v e n

CONSTANT PftCISURC ( X H A U t T И AN» f O I D

W A T H

PISTON

J A C R I T

*

SK I ЙТ '

PISTON POO G L A N DS

CA M SH A FT

P K T O N C O O L IN G PCCIP PIPC1

СРАМ K C A l i RELIEF VALV

FRAMES

• e O P L A T E

Figure 1.7. Large bore single-acting two stroke crosshead type engine.

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ОЙЕХТЗ OPERATING^ PROCEDURES WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS to circulate supply tank drain control equipment equipment alarm indicator cock turning gear to engage auxiliary scavenge blower manually operated to disengage to turn over on air direction handle ahead astern manoeuvring handle to move to reach firing speed running position

циркулировать расходная цистерна дренаж, спускное отверстие приборы управления оборудование сйгнализация, тревога, защита /индикаторный кран валоповоротное устройство или механизм соединять, включать, находиться в зацеплении (о зубчатых колесах) вспомогательный продувочный вентилятор с ручным управлением зд. выводить из зацепления проворачивать (двигатель) на воздухе рукоятка направления вращения вперед назад рукоятка маневрирования двигать, передвигать достигать обороты пуска режим работы

TEXT А PREPARATION FOR STANDBY 1 Before starting a diesel engine should be warmed through by circulating hot water through the jackets, etc. 2. The various supply tanks, filters, valves and drains should be checked. 3. The lubricating oil pumps and circulating water pumps should be started. 4. All control equipment and alarms should be examined. 5. The indicator cocks are opened, the turning gear engaged and the engine turned through several complete revolutions. 6. The fuel oil system is checked and circulated with hot oil. 7. Auxiliary scavenge blowers, if manually operated should be started. 8. The turning gear is disengaged and if possible the engine should be turned over on air before closing thejndicator cocks.

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TEXT В ENGINE STARTING 1. The direction Handle is positioned ahead or astern'. 2. The manoeuvring handle is moved to “START” 3. When the enginfe reaches its firing speed the manoeuvring handle is moved to the running position. TEXT 4 MAINTENANCE WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS maintenance

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daily dipstick to stand still at least draining to unscrew to screw drain plug bottom crankcase to fill to refill refilling to wipe inside rag fluff cotton waste to dip lube oil suction strainer sump to examine frequently crack upper piston ring depending on condition deposits carbon excessive externally

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содержание и техническое обслуживание, техническая эксплуатация, уход, (текущий) ремонт ежедневно футшток находиться не в рабочем состоянии по крайней мере слив отвйнчивать завинчивать сливная пробка дно, днище картер двигателя наполнять наполнять вновь повторное наполнение протирать внутри, внутренняя сторона ветошь пух, пушок, ворс •зд. хлопчатобумажная ветошь погружать, окунать фильтр масла на входе отстойник, сборник, сточная цистерна проверять часто трещина верхний поршневое кольцо в зависимости от состояние отложения нагар излишний с наружной стороны

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scale wearf to renew top to adjust clearance also joint lever alignment bearing readings to take readings

накипи износ заменять верхняя{часть регулировал?» зазор также соединение рычаг регулировка, выравнивающая центровка, просветка (^инийвала) подшипник , показания, данные, замеры делать замеры, брать показания (приборов)

настройка,

TEXT Check the lube oil pressure daily. The pressure should be 1,5 Kg per sq.cm = 21 lbs/sq. in (psi). Keep the oil level up to the full mark of the dipstick. Make control when the engine stands still. The lube oil should be changed the first time after 50 working hours, the next time after another 150 working hours and then atideast once a year. Draining is made by unscrewing the drain plug at the bottom of the crankcase just after stopping the engine when the oil is warm and easy to drain. Before refilling with fresh oil wipe out the inside of the crankcase with a clean rag (use material free from fluff do not use cotton waste). Dip the rag in gas oil and clean the lube oil suction strainer placed on the drain plug and clean the sump. When changing the lube oil, clean the lubricating oil filter with petrol or gas oil. Refill the sump with fresh lube oil. Pistons should be examined frequently for cracks. The upper piston rings should be examined once a month during the first six months service and than as necessary depending on their condition. At intervals of six months piston heads if cooled must be examined for deposits of carbon in cooling spaces and cooling pipes. Exhaust valves, manifold and cylinder ports should also be examined and excessive carbon deposits should be removed. Cylinder liners must be examined externally for deposits of scale. The liners should also be examined for wear and renewed if necessary. The clearance of the connecting rod - top and bottom ends should also be examined and adjusted if necessary. At intervals of one year the manoeuvring gear shbuld be examined for wear, at the joints of levers and rods. The alignment of the crankshaft should be checked and corrected if necessary. The main bearings should be examined and readings taken for wear. TEXT 5 IRREGULARITIES IN OPERATION, CAUSES AND REMEDIES WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS symptom cause remedy

симгггрм, признак причина средство, мёра (против

чего-то),

зд.

способ

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insufficient to leak to stick to grind' to replace to mill valve seat spindle groove to wear (wore, worn) worn to loosen to break (broke, broken) broken slack spring scratch to be out of order to be in order nozzle needle valve to release if required = if necessary loose to tighten lining to repair shortly afterwards after a while empty to airate to choke capacity excessive waste plunger sleeve thoroughly. governor drive to lose (lost, lost) under load adjustment sluggishly smell languid^ movement governor arm to become (became, become). oblique

уотранеция неисправности недостаточный прЪ+екэть, пропускать воду, просачиваться заклинивать, прилипать, заедать, застревать ,
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by blows or the like to interrupt to knock ignition too advanced ignition fault cracked restart flywheel to lock to smoke to overload to reduce consumption to increase seal rings lack owing to = due to = because of escape leakage to remedy a fault fan belt to'overflow overflow overflow valve to jar misfire to cover

от ударов или нечто подобного прерывать стучать затшгание, воспламенение слишком ускоренное зажигание неисправность, повреждение, дефект треснувший вновь запустить двигатель маховик закрывать дымиться перегружать снижать, уменьшать потребление увеличивать уплотнительные кольца отсутствие из-за утечка, просачивание, выпуск течь устранить неисправность ремень вентилятора переливаться через край перелив переливной (перепускной) клапан вибрировать пропуски зажигания, перебои в зажигании покрывать

Irregularities in Operation, Causes and Remedies. Symptom:

Cause:

Repedy:

1. Starting difficulties. Insufficient or no compression.

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С/

Inlet and exhaust valves leaking.

Grind or ref)lace valves, mill the seats.

Inlet and exhaust valves sticking.

Oil the valve spindles with gas oil, or remove valves for cleaning.

Insufficient rocker arm clearance.

Adjust valves.

Piston rings sticking in grooves, or worn.

Loosen rings and replace them if necessary.

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Remedy:

Cause:

Symptom; It

£ /

Valve springs broken or slack.

Replace springs.

fl

(^ /

Cylinder liner worn.

Replace.

tf

/{ У

Cylinder liner scratched.

Replace.

Fuel valve out of order.

Nozzle needle valve sticking or leaking.

Release it. grind or replace if required.

Fuel pumps give no or insufficient pressure.

Pressure valve sticking or leaking,

Clean it, replace if required.

И H

Pressure valve holder loose С -/ Piston and lining worn.

Insufficient or no fuel supply. M

^

Tighten. Replace.

Air in fuel system.

Ventilate.

Fuel lift pump defective.

Repair pump and ventilate fuel system.

2. Engine starts, but stops shortly afterwards. Engine starts,-but & / Fuel tank empty. stops after a while If

Air in fuel system.

tf

о / Fuel filter choked.

Fill tank and remove air from fuel system. Airate. Clean the filter.

3. Engine does not reach maximum capacity

Insufficient or no compression.

See under "Starting difficulties".

Fuel valves out of order. Excessive waste of

" Fuel pump plungers worn.

Replace plungers and

1—'1iT Caused rfMMMtpl

Symptom: oil from fuel pumps.

Remedy; sleeves.

Engine takes load only momentarily

Fuel supply blocked, fuel pump out of order.

Check the whole fuel system thoroughly

Engine does not reach full speed.

Governor drive broken.

Adjust or replace governor spring.

Engine loses too much speed under load. Smell of heat.

Incorrect adjustment of governor, or something in the system works sluggishly. Insufficient cooling water.

Adjust governor. Check governor system, and correct the defect. Stop engine, fill in cooling water when the engine has cooled off.

4. Engine speed too high. Languid movements of governor arm.

Governor arm has become oblique by blows or the like.

Stop engine quickly by interrupting the fuel supply and check the governor system. Adjust governor.

Incorrect adjust­ ment of governor. 5. Engine knocks. Ignition too advanced.

Incorrect adjustment of fuel oil pumps.

Adjust correctly

Mechanical faults.

Connecting rod bolts loose.

Check connecting rod bolts thoroughly If cracked or defect, replace them. Tighten nuts

Mechanical faults. < 2/

Hot or worn bearings.

Replace bearing lining,check lube oil system, correct fault if any before restarting Tighten nut and lock it.

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$ / Flywheel loose.

"

c / Worn pistons and linings.

Replace them.

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Symptom i

Remedy:

Cause:

6v Engine smokes. Black smoke from гг/A ir filter choked, engine. " "

Fuel valve out of order.

Clean filter.

See under "Starting difficulties”.

< ?/ Insufficient compression.

"

Engine overloaded.

H Black smoke from engine.

Reduce load.Never overload.

Thermostat valve leaking.

Replace valve.

Lube oil forces its way past leaky piston and oil rings into combustion chamber.

Replace oil and piston rings.

7. Excessive fuel oil consumption. Engine runs hot.

Engine overloaded.

See under "Starting difficulties".

Insufficient compression. Leaky fuel system. " Increasing oil level. Engine smokes. H

Fuel pipes leaking.

Repair or replace.

Fuel pump plungers and linings worn.

Replace defective parts.

Fuel lift pump diaphragm defective.

Replace diaphragm.

л / Fuel valves out of order.

Clean and adjust valves.

$ / Thermostat valve leaks.

Replace valve.

8. Excessive lubricating oil

consumption.

Lube oil enters л /о а and piston rings combustion chamber, worn. "

Reduce load(never overload).

Pistons and cylinder linings worn.

Replace rings.

Replace defective parts.

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Symptom г

Cause:

Lube oil leaks out of crank shaft end bearings.

__________Remedy:

Oil seal rings and bearings worn.

Replace seal nngs and repair bearings.

No codling water

Stop engine, fiU up with cooling water when engiije cooled off.

Engine overloaded.

Unload engine.

9. Engine runs hot. Smell of heat.

Cooling water temperature too high.

Lack of fooling water owing to defective cooling water pump or escape of water from leakage.

Cooling water too л /befective thermostat, high. * "

^

Fan belt too loose. с / Radiator choked.

"

Lube oil pressure insufficient.

Pressure vacuum valve out of order.

/

cl

Lube oil filter choked,

"

$ / Lube oil pump defective.

"

с / Lube oil pressure line leaks.

"

tffy / Defective lube oil overflow valve.

Remedy the fault.

Replace thermostat.

Tighten belt. Clean radiator. Repair valve. Clean filter.

Repair pump. Repair or replace line.

Repair valve.

10. Engine jars. Engine misfires.

<&■/Air in fuel system.

Fuel valves out of order.

Ventilate. See under "Starting difficulties" and "Engine does not reach maximum capacity".

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Symptom:

Cause:

Remedy:

II. Normal operation temperature is m>t reached. Too low a cooling (^/Thermostat defective water temperature. / "

Air temperature too low.

Replace thermostat,

Cover radiator

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CHAPTER 2 BOILERS

feedwater in order to to produce watertube boiler firetube boiler furnace combustion chamber to release drum to provide to separate fittings to ensure to enter to pass through to pass outside to surround large - bore downcomer tubes to join superheater burner water wall tube water wall header alternative wind box generating tube floor tube funnel stage forced draught fan = FD fan incoming feedwater attemperator

TEXT 1 WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS питательная вода для того, чтобы вырабатывать, производить водотрубный паровой котел огнетрубный паровой котел топка камера сгорания выделять барабан обеспечивать разделять, отделять арматура, фитинговые соединения (трубопроводов) обеспечивать входить проходить через проходить снаружи окружать с большим (внутренним) диаметром нисходящие трубки соединять пароперегреватель форсунка водогрейная трубка топочного экрана коллектор топочного экрана альтернативное воздухонаправляющее устройство водогрейная труб(к)а днищевая труба дымовая труба ступень, цикл, стадия котельный вентилятор поступающая питательная вода регулятор температуры пара

TEXT A boiler is used to heat feedwater in order to produce steam. There are watertube and firetube boilers. All boilers have a furnace or combustion chamber where fuel is burnt to release its energy. A drum must be provided where steam and water can separate. Finally there must be a number of fittings which ensure safe operation of the boiler.

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The feedwater enters the boiler where it is heated and becomes steam. The feedwater circulates from the steam drum to;tbe water ,drum and is heated in the process. Some ofTthe feedwater passes through the tubes surrounding the furnace, where it is heated "nd returns to the drum. Large - bore downcomer tubes pass outside of the furnace and join the steam and water drums. They are used to circulate feedwater between the drums. The steam is produced in a steam drum and may be drawn off for use from here. The steam may also pass to a superheater which is located within the boiler. The hot gases produced in furnace heat the feedwater, produce steam and superheat the steam from the boiler dam. The gases then pass over an economiser through which the feedwater passes before it enters the boiler.

Figure 2.1. Simplified boiler arrangement. TEXT 2 application e. g. (exempli gratia- лат.) upper header screen tubes lower header packaged unit

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS применение например верхний коллектор экранные трубы нижний коллектор агрегат

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package boiler access ladder gas exit flange blow <- down valve water inlet strainer main stop valve lifting lug double spring safety valve forced draught fan compartment pressure gauge hinged door pressurised plenum chamber combustion appliance

котлоагрегат трац Для доступа фланёц выпускных газов продувочный клапан входной водяной фильтр главный стопорный клапан подъемный обух сдвоенный предохранительный клапан кожух, котельного вентилятора манометр навесная дверь камера повышенного давления топочное устройство TEXT WATER - TUBE BOILER

In the water tube boiler feedwater passes through the tubes surrounded by hot gases. It is used for high pressure, high temperature, high capacity steam applications, e.g. providing steam for the main propulsion turbine or cargo pump turbines. ( Figure 2.2. Water-tube boiler, p.21) FIRE - TUBE BOILER In the fire - tube boiler the hot gases pass through the tubes surrounded by water. Most fire - tube boilers are now supplied as a completely packaged unit. This will include the oil burner, fuel pump, forced draught fan, feed pumps and automatic controls for the system. ( Figure 2.3. Package boiler, p.22) TEXT 3 BOILER MOUNTINGS certain to refer to mountings to mount to protect to fit main steam supply line non - return valve auxiliary steam supply line feed check or control valve water - level gauge air release cock

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS определенный относиться, ссылаться, зд. называться гарнитура(котла) устанавливать защищать устанавливать главный паропровод невозвратный клапан вспомогательный паропровод регулировочный клапан водомерное стекло воздуховыпускной кран

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Figure 2.2. Water-tube boiler. to raise initially sample outlet cock to enable scum valve shallow dish spring loaded safety valve cap compression nut split ring helical spring valve spindle bush valve lid valve seat cotter

поднимать в начальной стадии проба, образец выпускной кран давать возможность клапан верхнего продувания тарельчатая сетка пружинный предохранительный клапан колпак регулировочная гайка разрезное кольцо спиральная пружина шток клапана втулка тарелка клапана седло клапана шплинт

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Main steam stop valve

Doub1* safety vahtt Forced draught f^n compartment

Access ladder and platform

Pressure gauge

Forced draught fan Hinged door Prettunxed plenum chamber

Blow-down

«•Ivt

Combustion

Appliance Control pen*!

Water inlet

■ramtr

Fe*d p4**p

Figure 2.3. Package boiler. steam inlet padlock easing gear steam outlet

паровпускной канал висячий замок разгружающее подрывное устройство паровыпускной канал TEXT

Certain fittings are necessary on a boiler to ensure its safe operation. They are usually referred to as boiler mountings. They are: Safety valves which are mounted in pairs to protect the boiler against overpressure Main steam stop valve which is fitted in the main steam supply line and is usually of the non - return type. Auxiliary steam stop valve which is fitted in the auxiliary steam supply line and is usually of the non - return type. Feed check or control valve. A pair of non - return valves are fitted: one is the main valve, the other - the auxiliary or stand by. Water level gauges which are fitted in pairs at opposite ends of the boiler. Pressure gauges which are fitted to provide pressure readings. Air release cocks which are fitted to release air when filling the boiler or initially raising steam.

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Sampling connection. A water cutlet cock and cooling arrangement is provided for th£ sampling and analysis of the feed water.

тахт 4 OPFRATION AND MAINTENANCE feedwater treatment pure to contain dissolved solution to adhere (to) surface scale heat transfer to result in local to remain acid to attack therefore to employ actual to involve to add chemicals to test test kit manufacture regular to cut to а п otherwise to plug uptake damper vent slightly below de-aerated water various if any to bypass bypass

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS - водоподготовка - чистый - содержать - растворенный - раствор - прилипать - поверхность - накипь - теплопередача - приводить к - местный - оставаться - кислота - атаковывать (зд. вызывать коррозию) - поэтому - применять - действительный, фактический - включать в себя, вовлекать - добавить - химикаты - проверять - зд. переносная лаборатория - производитель - регулярный - сокращать до минимума - иначе заглушать - дымоход - заслонка - вентиляционное отверстие, вентиляционный клапан - слегка - ниже - деаэрированная вода - различный - если таковые имеются - байпассировать, перепускать - байпас, перепускной клапан

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C om prcstion

nut Split ring

■ S ln m inl«t

Figure 2.4. Ordinary spring loaded safety valvp

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air slide (check) burner t ) match to issue value to put on a load carefully to observe -fa »

воздушная заслонка форсунка соответствовать выходить, вытекать величина ставить под нагрузку тщательно наблюдать Cye] TEXT FEED WATER TREATMENT

Modem high - pressure, high temperature boiler requires very pure feed water. Most pure water contains some dissolved salts which come out of solution on boiling. These salts then adhere to the heating surfaces as a scale and reduce heat transfer which can result in local overheating or failure of the tubes. Other salts remain in solution and may produce acids which will attack the metal of the boiler. Therefore feedwater treatment is employed. The actual treatment involves adding chemicals into the samples of boiler water with a test kit. This test kit is usually supplied by the treatment chemical manufacturer with simple instructions for its use. Regular and correct use of marine chemicals will cut corrosion to a minimum. Otherwise due to corrosion a number of tubes of a ship’s boiler may start leaking and have to be plugged which results in a low working pressure of the boiler. PREPARATIONS The uptakes should be checked; any dampers should be operated and then correctly positioned. All vents, alarm, water and pressure gauge connections should be opened. The superheater circulating valve or drains should be opened. All the other boiler drains and blow­ down valves should be checked. The boiler should then be filled to slightly below the working level with hot de-aerated water. The various header vents should be closed. The economiser should be checked. The operation of the forced draught fan should be checked and exhaust gas air heaters if any should be bypassed. The fuel oil system should be checked for correct positioning of valves. The fuel oil should then be circulated and heated. RAISING STEAM The forced draught fan should be started and air passed through the furnace for several minutes. The air slides (checks') at every register except " the lighting up и burner should then be closed . The operating burner should then be lit and adjusted. The fuel oil pressure and forced draught pressure should be matched. The superheater header vents may be closed once steam issues from them. When the drum pressure is about 210 К Pa (2:1 bar ) the drum air vent may be closed. The boiler must be brought slowly up to the working pressure . The main and auxiliary steam lines should now be warmed through and then the drains closed. The water level gauges should be blown through and checked for correct reading. When the steam pressure is about 300 k Pa (3 bar) bfclow the normal operating value the safety valves should be lifted and released using the easing gear. Once at operating pressure the boiler may be put on load and the superheater circulating valves closed. All other vents, drains and bypasses should then be closed. The water

26

level i&.the boiler should be carefully checked and the . automatic water regulating arrangements observed for correct operatioa TEXT 5 IRREGULARITIES IN OPERATION, CAUSES AND REMEDIES faulty penetratibn cutoff vaive Valve disc to shut dfcrwn to light sediment

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS - неисправный - проникновение - запорный (отсечный) клапан - тарелка клапана - выключить,остановить -зажигать - осадок, отстой, отложение TEXT

SYMPTOM The water level in the boiler is rising

CAUSE

REMEDY

1 .Faulty automatic water 1.Repair the automatic water regulating arrangement or regulating arrangement. change to manual control of the water level. 2. Penetration of solid particles under the water level regulator valve.

2.Shut off the cutoff fetd valve, dismantle the water level regulator, remove the particles from the valve seat and the disc.

Loss of water level 1. Faulty automatic water level regulator.

1.Repair the regulator or change to manual control of the water level. Shut down the boiler, let 2.The blow down valves are 2. not tight enough it cool, drain the boiler, repair or replace the valve. 3.The boiler tubes and 3.Shut down the boiler for manifolds are not tight. repairs.

Safety valve is closed

4 Faulty feed pump.

4.Eliminate the fault and put the spare pump in operation.

1.Steam pressure in the boiler is rising

1.Lower the steam pressure to the required level.

27

SYMPTOM

CAUSE

REMEDY

2 .Faulty safety valve.

2. Shut down the boilei, repair or replace the safety valve. 3. Wrong adjustment of the3.Adjust the safety valve safety valve. to the required pressure.

The boiler won't light.

1.There is some water in the fuel. 2.Faulty оД burning arrangement.

Boiler automatic Faulty automatic system. operation program is effected wrongly

1.Drain the sediment out of the fuel tank. 2.Repair or replace the oilburning arrangement.

Eliminate the fault or change to manual control,

28

CHAPTER3 PUMPS TEXT 1 WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS suction piping - всасывающий трубопровод discharge piping - нагнетательный трубопрово - высота всасывания suction head discharge head - высота нагнетания difference - разница, различие with respect to - по отношению, относительно displacement pump - насос объемного типа axial flow pump - осевой насос centrifugal pump - центробежный насос reciprocating pump - поршневой насос rotary pump - роторный насос discharge valve - нагнетательный клапан to occur - происходить air vessel - воздушный демпфер relief valve - предохранительный клапан to protect - защищать adjusting screw - регулировочный винт spring - пружина bonnet assv - колпак disk - тарелка body - корпус by means of - посредством to trap - захватывать to force - толкать outlet - выход according to - в соответствии с rotary vane displacement pump - роторный лопастный объемный насос gear displacement pump - шестеренный (зубчатый) объемный насос screw displacement pump - винтовой объемный насос casmg - корпус, кожух gland - уплотнение driving shaft - ведущий вал to accelerate - ускорять guide vane - направляющая лопатка to arrange - располагать to convert - преобразовывать velocity - скорость thrust bearing - упорный подшипник bearing housing - корпус подшипника diffuser piece - диффузорная часть impeller - крылатка to flow -течь volute - улитка

29

$ingle-entry centrifugal pump - односекционный, Центробежный насос i^ouble-entry centrifugal pump - двухсекционный центробежный насос - отверстие для вывода жидкости liquid path - нагнетательный патрубок discharge nozzle - зд-направление вращения крылатки impeller rotation приводная полу-муфта motor half coupling - шайба, распорка, прокладка spacer - втулка подшипника bearing bush motor support bracket - суппорт,зд: станина электромотора - верхняя крышка top cover - мягкая набивка soft packed gland - соединительная муфта валопровода shaft coupling - тарельчатый клапан globe valve - невозвратный клапан non-return valve - пробный клапан check valve - клинкетный клапан gate valve - маховик handwheel - поверхность клина wedge face - посадочное место клина wedge gate TEXT A pump is a machine used to raise liquids from a low- point to a high point. A pumping system on a ship consists of suction piping, a pump and discharge piping. Every pump has a power end, which may be a steam turbine or an electric motor and a liquid end where'the liquid enters or leaves the pump. The typical characteristics for the pump are the suction head and the discharge head .The suction head is the pressure of the liquid entering the pump or the difference in the level of liquid with respect to the level of the pump on the suction side. The discharge head is the pressure of the liquid leaving the pump or the level of liquid with respect to the level of the pump on the discharge side. There are three main classes of pumps in marine use: displacement, axial flow and centrifugal.Displacement pumps can be either reciprocating or rotary. The operating principle of the reciprocating displacement pump is the following. As the piston moves upwards suction takes place below the piston and liquid is drawn in, лШ1е the discharge valve is closed. Aboye the piston liquid is discharged and the suction valve is closed. As the piston travels down the operations of suction and discharge occur on opposite sides. (Figure 3.1 Diagrammatic reciprocating displacement pump. p.30) A relief valve is always fitted between the pump suction and discharge chambers to protect the pump against excessive pressure. ( Figure 3.2 Relief valve, p.31) The rotary displacement pumps operate bv means of rotary parts which trap the liquid at the suction side and force it through the discharge outlet. According to the type of fotary elements there are rotary vane displacement pumps.gear displacement pumps and screw displacement pumps.

30

Figure 3.1 Diagrammatic reciprocating displacement pump ( Figure 3.3 Rotary displacement pumps: (a) rotary vane displacement pump, (b) screw displacement pump, p 32) An axial flow pump uses a screw propeller to axially accelerate the liquid. The outlet passages and guide vanes are arranged to convert the velocity increase o f the liquid into a pressure. ( Figure 3.4 Axial-flow pump.p.33) In a centrifugal pump liquid enters the centre of the impeller and flows radially out between the vanes. A diffuser or volute is then used to convert most of the kinetic energy in the liquid into pressure. There are single-entry or double-entrv centrifugal pumps. ( Figure 3.5 Centrifugal pump operation.p.33) ( Figure 3.6 Single-entry centrifugal pump.p.34) ( Figure 3.7 Double-entry centrifugal pump.p.35)

31

Figure 3.2 Relief valve Various valves are fitted to the pumps. These include the following: globe valves: лоп-retum or check valves: relief valves (see fig. 3.2). ( Figure 3.8 Globe valve, p.36) ( Figure 3.9 Non-return valve.p.37) ( Figure 3.10 Gate valve, p.38) TEXT 2 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS to flow out direction rotation to indicate arrow requirement ammeter to exceed possible

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS - вытекать - направление - вращение - указывать - стрелка - требование - амперметр - превышать - возможный

32

Screw

| Discharge

Bearing

Driving

«baft

(b|

Figure 3.3 Rotary displacement pumps: (a) rotary vane displacement pump, (b) screw displacement pump. rating tightness packing gland drop to prevent harmful output

- расчетная величина - герметичность, зд: затяжка - сальник, уплотнение вала - капля - предотвращать - вредный - производительность

33

Qiand

Figure 3.4 Axial-flow pump

Valuta

cainf lm p *U «r

Oitcftarqa

-юг:I*

Cnmf

Pump d iE t w g *

O tIlu M r

Cuing tfia ft

Ewgy coowrdon fcinetk to fKcnurt

ImptCrr

V0K1M

Figure 3.5 Centrifugal pump operation

O 'f f u w 1y p «

34

Figure 3.6 Single-entry centrifugal pump TEXT Starting ( the centrifugal pump and axial flow pump) 1) Open the suction check valve wide, opening at the same time the air vent on the top side. 2) Close the air vent as soon as liquid flows out of it. 3) Start the motor leaving the discharge valve closed. 4) Check that direction of rotation is as indicated by the arrow. 5) Slowly open the discharge check valve until operating requirements are reached. 6) Check on the ammeter that power requirements do not exceed the motor possible rating. 7) Check tightness of the packing gland. Leaks must be reduced to a few drops which is required to prevent harmful heating of the packings and the shaft. DURING OPERATION The pump output is to be controlled by operating on the discharge valve and never on the suction valve which must always remain wide open.

35

Pumping «•«merit rrmovjJ gear C ouplirjq ip a c tr*

SK»ft coupling

S o ft p a c k e d qland N

Motor jupport

4 Baarinf buФ Imp«Наг . <магГ(п«

__ „

lmp«(Nr

Figure 3.7 Double-entry centrifugal pump STOPPING. After switching off the motor close the suction and the discharge valves of the pump. TEXT 3 IRREGULARITIES, THEIR CAUSES AND REMEDIES loss obstruction

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS - потеря - помеха, препятствие

36

Figure 3.8 Globe valve to deliver insufficient to result from partially passage to rupture to eliminate capacity leakage stuffing box trouble

- подавать, доставлять - недостаточный - возникать в результате - частично - проход - прорывать, разрывать -устранять - производительность -течь - корпус сальника - неисправность

37

Figure 3.9 Non-return valve TEXT SYMPTOM Loss of suction

CAUSE Reciprocating pumps 1) Obstructions in the suction line. 2) Air in the system.

Centrifugal pumps A pump doesn't deliver 1) Air in the pump case any liquid 2) Insufficient speed of the pump.

REMEDY Check suction valves Open the air cocks vents on the liquid end valve chest, leave them open until water flows out.

Let the air flow out Check the electromotor, bearings and gland box.

38

Handwheel Spindte

Valve cover

Spindle nut V»ive seat Wedge fee* Wedge gate Valve body

Figure 3.10 Gate valve SYMPTOM

CAUSE 3) Excessive large pressure resulting from a partially clogged valve or some obstruction in the discharge line. 4) Clogged impeller passages 5) Ruptured suction line

A pump operates at insufficient capacity

1) Air leakage into the suction line or stuffing boxes 2) Mechanical defects such as worn wearing rings, impellers,stuffing box packing or sleeves.

REMEDY Check the valve and adjust it.

Stop the pump and clean the impeller. Stop the pump, eliminate leakages in the suction line. Eliminate leakages

Stop the pump, find the trouble and correct it.

39

CHAPTER 4 AUXILIARIES TEXT WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS вспомогательные двигатели auxiliaries air compressor • воздушный компрессор heat exchanger - теплообменник distillation equipment - опреснительное оборудование - льяльные воды сточные воды bilge water - установка для обработки .сточно-фекальных вод sewage treatment plant - инсинератор incinerator to range - колебаться (от) multi-stage - многоступенчатый common - распространенный crank - кривошип second stage piston assembly - поршневой блок второй ступени - охладитель первой ступени first stage cooler tubes to reach -достигать - клапан продувания первой ступени first stage drain - клапан продувания второй ступени second stage drain - устойчивое показание (прибора) steady reading moisture - влага to clear - очищать reciprocating machinery - поршневые механизмы - причиняющий беспокойство troublesome constant - постоянный rapid - быстрый - зд: восстанавливать поверхность(притиранием) to reface - неправильный зд: нерекомендованный incorrect dirt - грязь to stick - зд: заклинивать to pit - подвергаться язвенной коррозии to strip - разбирать to lap - шлифовать reassembly - повторная сборка seal - герметичность TEXT Machinery other than the main propulsion unit is usually called itfxilis&y. These include the following: air compressors, heat exchangers, distillation equipment, oil / bilge water separators, sewage treatment plants and incinerators. AIR COMPRESSOR. Compressed air has many uses on board ship ranging from diesel engine starting to the cleaning of machinery during maintenance'. The air pressures of 25 bar o r more «re usually provided in multi-stage machines. Here the air is compressed in the first stage, cooled and

40

compressed to a higher pressure in the next stage and so on: The most common is two stage crank machine.

Figure 4.1 Two-stage air compressor STARTING The compressor motor is started. .The lube oil pressure should reach the correct value. The first stage drains and then the second stage drains are closed and the machine will begin to operate. The pressure gauge cocks should be adjusted to give a steady reading. Where manual drains are fitted they should be slightly opened to discharge any moisture which may collect in the coolers. The cooling water supply should be checked as well as operating temperatures. STOPPING To stop the compressor the first and second-stage cooler drain valves should be opened and the machine run unloaded for, 2 or,3 minutes which will clear the coolers of condensate. The compressor can now.be stooped .and, the.drains.should.be left open.

41

MAINTENANCE AND OPERATING TROUBLES AND REMEDY Maintenance involves the usual checks and overhauls common to reciprocating machinery, e.g. crankcase oil level, cooling water system, operating temperah.'-es and pressures, etc. The suction and deliyery valves are most troublesome. These valves are automatic requiring a small pressure differential to operate. The constant rapid opening and closing action of the valves may require seats to be refaced. Overheating, use of incorrect lube oil or the presence of dirt may result in sticking or pitting of the surfaces. The suction and delivery valves should be stripped and all parts carefully cleaned and examined and worn parts replaced and the valve seat and plate Tightly lapped before reassembly to ensure a goo^ seal TEXT 2 HEAT EXCHANGERS WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS instance - пример - например for instance=for example to require - требовать - проводящая поверхность conducting surface opposite - противоположный i.e.-that is - то есть counter or contra flow - противопоток fairly - довольно heat transfer - теплопередача shell and tube cooler - трубчатый охладитель - пластинчатый охладитель plate type heat exchanger - пучок труб tube bundle - антикоррозийный протектор corrosion resistor visible joint - наружное соединение radial flow circular baffles - направляющие пластины потока safety expansion ring - предохранительное расширительное кольцо double joint - зд двойное уплотнение removable cover - съемная крышка shell - корпус, кожух frame plate - рамовая плита carrier bar - балка support post - поддерживающая опора tie bolt - стяжной болт plate pack - пакет пластин guide bar - направляющая балка similar - похожий, подобный TEXT Heat exchangers on board a ship are mainly coolers where a hot liquid is cooled by sea water. There are some instances where liquid heating is required, such as heavy fuel oil heaters and sea water heaters for tank cleaning.

4Z

In the heat exchange process the twoKquids pass on either side of a conducting surface. The heat from the hot liquid passes to the Cold liquid and the conducting surface is at a temperature between the two. Marine heat exchangers usually have the two liquids flowing in opposite directions, i.e. counter or contra flow, which provides a fairly constant temperature difference between the two liquids and therefore, thq maximum heat transfer. Coolers at sea fall into 2 groups: the shell and tube ,and the plate type. In the shell and tube design a tube bundle is fitted into a shell. Safety expansion ring and double joint

Figure 4.2 Shell and tube cooler The plate type heat exchanger is made up of a number of pressed plates surrounded by seals and held together in a frame! ( Figure 4.3 Plate-type heat exchanger: (a) construction, p.43) Heaters are similar in construction to coolers. TEXT 2a HEAT EXCHANGERS. PLATE TYPE. OPERATION, MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING. troubleshooting to reduce considerably filling

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS. - выявление повреждений - уменьшать, снижать - значительно - заполнение

43

Frame plate

Tie bolt

Carrier bjar pressure plate

Plate pack

Support post

Guide bar

Figure 4.3 Plate-type heat exchanger: (a) construction. occasionally afterwards circumstance O.- ring connection gasket sealing surface deposits flow rate visible further deformed double adjoining plate volume to decrease respective hole to apply

- изредка, время от времени - впоследствии - обстоятельство - уплотнительное кольцо - связь, соединение - прокладка - уплотняющая поверхность - отложения - расход - видимый - далее, затем, зд. сильнее - деформированный - двойной - прилегающая (примыкающая) пластина - объем; размер - уменьшать - соответствующий - отверстие - применять

44

opposite side

- противоположная сторона TEXT

Temperature o f poolers isicontroled by adjusting the cooling liquid outlet valve. The inlet valve is left open which ensures a constant pressure within the cooler. This is very important with sea >water cooling where reducing pressure can result in' air remaining in a cooler which will considerably reduce the cooling effect. Vents provided it the highest point of coolers should be opened on first filling and occasionally afterwards. Drain plugs are also fitted at the lowest point in coolers. The plate heat Exchangers should be opened and. cleaned regubufy ^nd under normal circumstances evert six months. The О-rings in ~ the connections.^the gaskets and the sealing surfaces on the back of the plate should be checked before tfad/ieat exchanger is re­ assembled. SYMPTOM 1. Reduced cooling efficiency.

2. Leakage visible on the outside of the plate pack.

3. Fresh water or lubricating oil volumes decrease in the respective systems.

CAUSE

REM EDY

a) Deposits

a) Check the heat transfer surface for deposits ,aiid if any remove them.

b) The flow rates for oil and water are incorrect. a) The plate pack is not tightened enough,

b) Check that flow rates for oil and water are correct.

b) The gaskets and sealing surfaces are not clean and the plates are deformed. c) Corrosion between the double gaskets or in the same area of the adjoining plate. There is a hole in the plate.

b) Replace the gaskets and the damaged plates.

a) Tighten the plate pack further.

c) Replace the gaskets or the plate Remove the lower sea water valve, apply a test pressure on the opposite side and, if liquid flows from the side under pressure, replace the faulty plate.

TEXT 3 DISTILLATION SYSTEMS OIL/WATER SEPARATOR. SEWAGE TREATMENT.INCINERATOR. production

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS - производство

45

pure evaporation either .... or re-condensing boiling process flash process overflow weir seawater eed brine discharge condensei; nest shell drairt demister heater nest jacket water inlet jacket water outlet alternative steam connections anti-polution regulations stringent suitable to contain to achieve purity latest legislative requirements monitoring unit continuously to record alarm unit warning level oil collection space filter insert pilot valve coarse separating compartment fine separating compartment catch plate certain to introduce legislation to install waste water inlet chlorine contact aeration settling coarse screeil sludge soil ultim ate

- чистый - испарение - или ... или - реконденсация - процесс кипения - процесс мгновенного парообразования - переливной патрубок - вход забортной воды - выход рассола - конденсаторный отсек - слив из корпуса - каплеотбойник - отсек подогревателя - вход греющей воды - выход греющей воды - альтернативные паровые соединения - правила предупреждения загрязнения - жесткий - подходящий, соответствующий - содержать - достигать - чистота - самый поздний - законодательный - требования - блок мониторинга - постоянно - записывать - сигнальное устройство - предупреждение - уровень - сборник нефтепродуктов - фильтрующий элемент - управляющий клапан - отсек грубой очистки - отсек тонкой очистки - захватывающая пластина - определенный - вводить - закон - устанавливать - вход загрязненной воды - хлорирование - аэрация - отстой - экран грубой очистки - грязь, отстой - 'зд: активный ил - ма&6ймкггьный

46

i£ conjunction with thus waste disposal package

- совместно с; в Сочетании с - таким образом - блок (набор) уничтожения отходов TEXT

DISTILLATION SYSTEMS Distillation is the production of pure water from sea water by evaporation and recbndensing. Distilled water is produced either by a boiling or a flash process.

Circulating water outlet

- 1 -

Circulating water

inlet

<

Dittilled water ouHef +o tank*

X

Overflow weir

K

fft ft!

>

X

X

J ac V rt v»ater In le t

>

n fW , 4. /

ж ----u ---- П

,

a * _f 1*1 •« 4 T— >* 4 ']* ---"«!!4,/* |;_-------

Heatef neit

Seawater

Brine

£ K

n

U<=

S ''* ? r-ijf-fc' J

Л

<#iehjrg« IT Shell drain

*

\

Alternative гЬ steam connections Jacket water outlet

Figure 4.4 Boiling process evaporator OIL WATER SEPARATORS Oily water separators are used for separation of oil from water. While anti-polution regulations are becoming more and more stringent clean water suitable for discharge must contain less than 15 parts per million of oil. As oil/water separators can achieve 100 parts per million a filter must be also used to provide the required purity. The latest legislative

47

requirements are where 1(Ж parts per million purity is required, a monitoring unit which continuously records, and,г Where 15 parts per million purity is necessary, an alalrm~unit to provide warning of levels o£ discharge in excess of 15 parts per million.

T" 7 V t

/

f

i

f

'

t

'

Ф

1

\

W

*

V

%

\

'l t \

4

t

1t /

i

T

\

Figure 4.5 Oily water separator. SEWAGE TREATMENT To meet certain standards, introduced by International legislation all new ships have sewage treatment plants installed. There are two particular types of sewage treatment plant using either chemical or biological methods. ( Figure 4.6 Biological sewage treatment plant, p.48) INCINERATOR To achieve the ultimate situation of no discharge a suitable incinerator is used in conjunction with a sewage plant and with facilities for burning oil sludges thus forming a complete waste disposal package.

48

Figure 4.6 Biological sewage treatment plant

49

CHAPTER 5 DECK MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT TEXT 1 DECK MACHINERY: MOORING WINCH; WINDLASS, CARGO HANDLING EQUIPMENT. MAINTENANCE. WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS - швартовая лебедка mooring winch - брашпиль windlass - оборудование для обработки грузов cargo handling equipment - якорное устройство anchor handling equipment - люковое закрытие, крышка люка hatch cover - зд: наименование item - спасательная шлюпка life-boat - спасательный плот life-raft - аварийное оборудование emergency equipment - водонепроницаемая дверь watertight door bow thruster - носовое подруливающее устройство currently - в настоящее время winch barrel (drum) - барабан лебедки warp end - турачка geared drive - зубчатая передача self-tensioning unit - устройство,автоматически поддерживающее заданное усилие recent development - зд: современный вариант (версия) split windlass - брашпиль с разделенным приводом cable lifter - звездочка (брашпиля) clutch gear handle - ручка привода сцепления band brake - ленточный тормоз clutch lever - рычаг сообщения brake handle - рукоятка тормоза derrick - грузовая стрела derrick rig - стреловое устройство union purchase - спаренные грузовые стрелы, работающие на один гак (‘^телефон”) quayside - причальная линия to enable - давать возможность Samson post - грузовая колонка (полуматка) stay - оттяжка topping wire - топенанта hook - гак outboard derrick - Стрела, вынесенная за борт to rotate - вращаться hoisting and luffing motors - механизм подъема груза и изменения вылета стрелы turntable base - поворотная площадка operator's cab - кабина крановщика

50

slewing motor to expose enclosure splash lubrication gearing to grease pressure grease point open gear compound to be associated with

- псф^рот крана - подвергаться - обсточка, зд: поверхность - смазывание разбрызгиванием - зубчатая передача - смазывать - престсленка - смазка для открытых приводов - бьцъ связанным с, зд: зависеть от

TEXT Deck machinery includes mooring equipment, anchor handling equipment, cargo haridling equipment and hatch covers. Other items include life-boats and life-rafts, emergency equipment, watertight doors and bow thrusters. Three forms of power are currently in use for driving deck machineiy: steam, hydraulic and electric Winches with various arrangements of barrels are the usual mooring eguipment used on board ships. Winch barret

Figure 5.1 Mooring winch Modem mooring winches are arranged as automatic self-tensioning units. The windlass is the usual anchor handling device where one machine may be used to handle both anchors. A more recent development particularly on larger vessels is the split windlass where one machine is used for each anchor.

51

Figure 5.2 Windlass Cargo winches are used with the various derrick systems arranged for cargo handling. One of the several possible derrick arrangements or rigs is a derrick rig, known as "union purchase’’. One derrick is positioned over the quayside and the other almost vertically over the hold. A combination of movements from the two winches enables lifting, transfer and lowering of the cargo.

Figure 5.3

Union purchase rig

Cranes have replaced derricks on many modern ships. Positioned between the holds often on a platform which can be rotated through 360e the deck crane requires only one man to operate it.

52

Figure 5.4 General cargo crane All deck machinery is exposed to heavy weather. Total enclosure of all working parts is usual with splash lubrication for gearing. The various bearings on the shafts must be greased by pressure grease points. Open gears and clutches are lubricated with open gear compound Particular maintenance tasks are associated with the type of motor drive used. TEXT 2 DECK MACHINERY: HATCH COVERS. WATERTIGHT DOORS. THE BOW THRUSTER. EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS universally -зд везде to exist - существовать application - применение to offer - предлагать quick - быстрый to speed up - ускорять cargo handling operation - грузовые операции weather deck - открытая или верхняя палуба hatch coaming - комингс люка roller - ролик chain linking cover - крышка с цепным приводом cover section - секция крышки трюма to undertake - производить bulkhead - переборка shaft tunnel - туннель гребного вала entrance - вход sliding - скользящий fire drill - учебная пожарная тревога freedom - свобода

53

obstructing matter propulsion device to improve manoeuvrability to consist of to mount to push sideways port (side) starboard (side) as required bridge propeller blade support stay flexible coupling independently power source remote to fail discharge to fire main booster pump submersible hyd oil motor driven pump hyd oil supply and return

- посторонний предмет _ пропульсивное устройство - улучшать - маневренность - состоять - устанавливать - толкать - в сторону - левый борт - правый борт - по необходимости - мостик -лопасть винта - поддерживающая стойка -■эластичная муфта - независимо - источник энергии - вдали - зд выходить из строя - нагнетание в пожарную магистраль - подкачивающий насос - гидроприводной насос, находящийся ниже ватерлинии - трубы подачи масла для гидропривода

TEXT 2 Hatch covers are used to close off the, hatch opening and make it watertight. Steel hatch covers are now fitted universally Various designs exist for particular applications but most offer simple and quick opening and closing which speed up the cargo handling operation

Operating control* Hatch coaming

Boiler

Figure 5.5 Weather-deck hatch cover

Chains linking cover*

;

54'

Figure 5.6 Tween-deck hatch cover. Maintenance requirements for this equipment are usually minimal but regular inspection and servicing should be undertaken Most hatch covers can if necessary be removed manually. Watertight deors are provided where an opening in a watertight bulkhead is necessary. On cargo ship with a shaft tunnel the entrance must have a watertight door fitted All doors below the water line must be of the sliding type arranged horizontally or vertically. Watertight doors can be either power 'or manually operated. They should be tested for operation by closing and opening during fire drill. The hydraulic system should be occassionally checked for leaks and to ensure sufficient oil is present in the system The bottom trackway-of the door should be checked for cleanliness and freedom from obstructing matter The bow thruster is a propulsion device fitted to certain types of ships to improve manoeuvrability."The thrust unit consists of 'a propeller mounted in an athwartship tunnel and provided with some auxiliary drive such as an electric or hydraulic motor. During operation water is forced through the tunnel to push the ship sideways ^ither to port or starboard as required. The unit is normally bridge controlled ( Figure 5.7 Bow thruster, p 55) . 4 »« Emergency equipment is arranged to'operate independently of all main power sources It includes such items as the emergency generator and the emergency fire pump. Both items of machinery are located remote ‘from •the engine-room at the weather deck level or above Modern systems are arranged to start iip the emergency generator automatically when the main power supply fails. The system should be checked regularly. The tanks should be kept full and the starting equipment should be functional. The emergency fire pump is arranged to supply the ship's fire main when the machinery space pump is not available.

55

motor-

Flexible coupling

Figure 5.7 Bow thruster.

56

Hyd O ttP tifrp

discharge to Fire Main

Main Fire Pump

Discharge to Main Fire Pump Suction

Sea Suction

Booster Pump

Figure 5.8 Emergency fire pump.

Submersible Hyd Oil Motor Driven Pump

Hyd Oii Supply and Return

57

CHAPTER 6 • г' STEERING GEAR .

WORDSAND EXPRESSIONS steering gear -- рулевая машина rudder руль in response to j- в ответ на rudder stock г баллер руля to convey * передавать desired rudder angle v- заданный угол руля < - сила force при помощи, посредством by means of to accomplish достигать, завершать telemotor - телемотор - по очереди ( в свою очередь) in turn delivery pump - нагнетательный насос to employ - использовать transmitter - передающее устройство receiver - принимающее устройство charging unit - зарядное устройство, зд: силовой блок non-freezing fluid - незамерзающая жидкость - дистанционное управлений remote control installation - установка since - поскольку, так как simple - простой reliable - надежный ram - плунжер - роторнолопастная рулевая машина rotary vane steering gear tiller - румпель crosshead - ползун replenishing tank - танк запасного масла shown dotted - показанный пунктирной линией pump isolating valve - секущий клапан насоса steel buttresses fitted around - стальные ребра жесткости, установленные вокруг фундамента, предохраняющие болты base of bedplate to take shear of holding down bolts крепления rudder indicator - индикатор руля spring loaded return linkage - подпружиненная обратная связь crossbar - поперечина, ригель typical elevation of trunnion- обычная проекция румпеля с цапфенным со­ type tiller единением cylinder chocks - фундаментальные башмаки rudder carrier - подтяжник руля securely - прочно, надежно to fasten - прикреплять •housing - кожух to attach - прикреплять to comprise - включать, содержать

58

Ward-Leonard system Direct single Motor System’ via pinion toothed quadrant changeover prior to departure with respect to actual full travel visually

- система двигатель- генератор (система^ , регулируемым напряжением) - система прямой передачи от двигателя ь- через - шестерня - зубчатая рейка - переход, зд: переключение -до - отход - относительно - фактический - полное перемещение - визуально

TEXT The steering gear provides a movement of the rudder in response to a signal from the bridge . The system consists of three parts control equipment, a power unit and a transmission to the rudder stock. The control equipment conveys a signal of desired rudder angle from the bridge and activates the power unit and transmission system until the desired angle is reached. The power unit provides the force to move the rudder to the desired angle . Bv means of the transmission system and the steering gear the movement of the rudder is accomplished. The steering gear can be arranged with hydraulic control equipment known as a telemotor or with electrical control equipment. The power unit may in turn be hydraulic or electrically operated. A delivery pump is required in the hydraulic system. Telemotor control is a hydraulic control system employing a transmitter, a receiver. pipes and a charging unit. The transmitter is located on the bridge and the receiver is mounted on the steering gear. The charging unit is located near the receiver and the system is charged with a non-freezing fluid. The electrical remote control is commonly used in modem installations since it uses a small control unit as transmitter on the bridge and is simple and reliable in operation. Two types of hydraulically powered transmission unit or steering gear are in common use: the ram and the rotary vane. There are a two-ram and a four-ram steering gear. ( Figure 6.1 (a) Diagrammatic arrangement of two-ram steering gear (additional items for four-ram system shown dotted), p. 59) ( Figure 6.1 (b) Actual arrangement of two-ram steering gear, p.60) ( Figure 6.2 Four-ram steering gear-actual arrangement, p. 61) With the rotary vane type of a steering gear a vaned rotor is securely fastened onto the rudder stock. The rotor is able to move in a housing which is solidly attached to the ship's structure.

( Figure 6.3 Rotary vane steering gear p.62)

59

Г" f

Ii I r s

•1r - - * f► U «»i I I »I

*

4 I-----««-------I -

-

-

О

-i — ■

._

i i i UJ----i

-j

Tilltr „ __ CrOMhead

Cylinder

. \ .

Relief valve -D*3-

Pump

Si

Motor

Pump

Motor

Repl«ni*hing t*nk

Figure 6Л (a) Diagrammatic arrangement of two-ram steering gear (additional items for four-ram system shown dotted) There are steering gears which comprise electrical control, electric power unit and electrical transmission. They may be of two types: the Ward-Leonard System and the Direct Single Motor System. Both types -have a geared down motor drive 1 йа a pinion to a toothed quadrant. To meet the automatic changeover within 45 seconds twin system steering gears are used. The failure of one system results in a changeover to ffie other. Prior to a ship's departure from any port the steering gear should be tested to ensure satisfactory operation. These tests should include: 1 . Operation of the main steering gear 2. Operation of the auxiliary gear. 3. Operation of the remote control (telemotor) system or systems from the main bridge steering positions. 4. Operation of the steering gear using the emergency power supply. 5. The rudder angle indicator reading with respect to the actual rudder angle should be checked.

60

Pumo ilotaiTng valves

"&ктт-----

-•1

-■ -* * . —_ j : . »

j

1

—^ л. ■- * t i т

11

ъ

- ; "

Stcd buctrane* dried around Ь ам of bedplate to taka «hear off holding down bolls

B y p u l valv*

Cylinder ito litin g valve

У

Electric rudder indicator

Donkin !*■

typ#pun» Extended crowbar plates for gyro control and taltrrvotor recahar

'Local control

Figure 6.1 (b) Actual arrangement of two-ram steering gear

61

— H rffTypicalewvsuwST *www#Hirpe**#ir | CitiiiMM

'/

I*__ 11 • Ji •

7

n •CrbA6»f c ta c k i

- a -»

j

—

Ty#
Figure 6.2 Four-ram steering gear-aptual arrangement 6. The alarms fitted to the remdte system and the steering gear power units should be ehecked’f br correctdfj&ation. - ^ t The rudder dtipuld be moiled through its full travel in botk "directions. The various equipment should oe.visually irispected for damage or wear. , The': communication system between the bridge arid.the steering gear'com^artmerit-should aliso be operated.

62

Figure 6.3 Rotary vane steering gear

63 km m m a

shafting propeller transmission system shaft thrust thrust shaft intermediate shaft tailshaft thrust block stemtube bearing cone to complete stemframe forward bush aft bush aftermost tunnel bearing journal bearing ship's structure direct drive diesel therefore . solidly .. : to withstand)., shock ioad,-.-. oil scraper thrust collar oil deflector halfjournal bush thrust pad " * cooling coil top bearing shell" bottom bearing shell to counteract thus considerable to act entry depending upon flange boss clockwise when viewed from aft right-handed propeller left-handed propeller

S H A F t^ £ ^ J > fR0PE1XERS kT «■ ' SHAFTING A iyp^O PE lX E ftS WORDSr^ND EX PR ESS® ^ *■ралопровод - система передачи ^ал - йсевое усилие, упор (гребного винта) - упорный вал -, Промежуточный вал * концевой^ал, - опорный вал - фйдвудный подшипник - конус - завершать^ - ахтерштевень - передняя втулка - задняя в т у л к а . - кормовой спорный подшипник валопровода - опорный прдшипншс - зд: корпус судна - дизель, непосредственно работающий на греб­ ной винт - поэтому - прочно — - выдерживать -перегрузка .;.7 м^сдос^емник - упорное кольцо ' - маслоотбойник - вкладьпд подшипника - упорная подушка - охлаждающий змеевик - верхний вкладыш подшипника - нижний вкладыш подшипника - противодействовать, зд: уравновешивать - таким образом гЗначит^]шньш1 ; - действовать ... ■проникнойерие - в зависимости - фланец - ступица - по часовой стрелке - если смотреть с кормы - винт правого вращения - винт левого вращения -

64

twin-screw ship sSgle-screw ship developed outline projected outline skew cavitation vapour-filled cavity bubble loss of thrust loss erosion afterbody noise crack to ignore edge to weld up bent heat treatment slight pitting to grind (ground,ground) to polish

- двухвинтовое судно - одновинтовое судно - .ргввёрнугый'кйнтур (лопасти'гребного винта) - проектированный контур ( лопасти греб^рго винта)1 - наклон - кавитация - наполненная парами полость - воздушный пузырь - снижение упора - потеря - эрозия - кормовая часть судна - шум - трещина - игнорировать - край, кромка - заваривать - погнутый - прогрев - незначительная точечная коррозия - шлифовать - полировать

TEXT The transmission system on a ship transmits power from the engine to the propeller. It includes shafts, bearings and finally the propeller itself. The thrust from the propeller is transferred to the ship through the transmission system. The system includes the thrust shaft, one or more intermediate shafts and the tailshaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the stemtube bearing. There is a sealing arrangement at either end of the tailshaft with the propeller and cone completing the arrangement.

Shch powtr

Direct drive 4т »I

StermuM

Ьмптцш

wpponMl to d

Figure 7.1 Transmission system.

engine

ii

The thrust block transfers the thrust frop thj£ propeller to the hull of the ship. It must therefore be solidly constructed and the construction must be strong enough to withstand normal and shock loads.

Figure 7.2 Thrust block. One of the two types of shaft bearings is the aftermost tunnel bearing. The aftermost tunnel bearing has a tog and bottom bearing shell because it must counteract the propeller mass and take a vertical upward thrust at the forward end of the tailshaft. The other shaft bearings only support the shaft weight and thus have only lower half bearing shells. The stemtube bearing supports the tailshaft and a considerable proportion of the propeller weight. It also acts as a gland to prevent the entiy of sea water. There may be one or more sections of intermediate shafting between the thrust shaft and the tailshaft, depending upon the machinery space location. The intermediate shafting has flanges at each end and may be increased in diameter where it is supported by bearings. The propeller consists of a boss with several blades. When rotated it thrusts its way through the water. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to the ship's structure. A propeller which turns clockwise when viewed from aft is considered right-handed. A twin-screw ship usually has a right-handed starboard propeller and left-handed port propeller. ( Figure 7.3 Solid propeller, p. 66) Cavitation, the forming and bursting of vapour-filled cavities or bubbles, can occur as a result of pressure variations on the back of a propeller blade. The results are a loss of thrust erosion of the Blade surface, vibrations in the afterbody of the ship and noise. When a ship is in dry - dock the propeller should be thoroughly examined and repaired if necessary. Even the smallest cracks should not be ignored as they can result in the loss of a blade. Edge cracks should be. welded up with suitable electrodes. Bent blades should be made good by heat treatment, surface roughness caused by slight pitting can be lightly ground out and the area polished.

т I it jBjade le c tio n s

Figure 7.3 Solid propeller

67

CHAPTER'S BUNKERING OPERATIONS тахт 1 FTUfct!0 ILS property specific gravity relative density viscosity ignition quality flash point pour point cloud point residual carbon sulpur content Calorific VilUb1 Redwood seconds value to handle wax pipe blocking to occur remains Higher Calorific Value Lower Calorific Value available to pass away

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS -свойство - удельный вес относительная плотность -.вязкость - параметр воспламенения г точка воспламенения -температура застывания г. температура помутнения -зольность - содержание серы -теплотворная способность '.-'секунды Редвуда -величина .г здесь; перекачивать - парафин - засорение трубы - происходить - остатки -рысшая теплотворная способность —нижняя теплотворная способность ’имеющийся в наличии - уходить

• Fuel oils have various p r o p e r ty ‘ШсЬ as''the specific gravity or relative density/the viscosity, the ignition quality. th£ *'fiasii pbint.‘the pour point, the cloud point, the residual carbon, the sulphur content, the calorific yafue. In Europe to measure viscosity th^U se Neither Redwood or Saybolt seconds.There are two values for the flash point: an' open flash point for atmospheric heating and a closed flash point when the covered fuel is heated. The pour point is the lowest temperature at which the1 fuel can be easily handled. At the cloud' point waxes will form in the fuel. Below .. Ше fcloud point temperature pipe*foil' filter Ы6ШЙЙ: may occur. The carbon refflduc'fontoing property of a fuel is u k t0 y fm&$i&ed by &^ Gbaradson method. Controlled burning of A fuel sample gives a measure other remains. Sulphur content ~ia v^ry important becaiise’it may cause ?eng$&M ^Mag'^ '1rhe calorific value of a fuel is the heat energy released during combustion. Tworyafiies are used: the Higher Calorific Value Wijdch is the heat energy resulting from combustion and- die Lower Calorific Value which is the heat energy available and doesn’t, include the beat energy passing away,as exhaust.

68

TEXT 2 LUBE OILS, FUEL OIL TREATMENT, FILTERS AND WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

strainer viscosity index rate Total Base Number indication quantity я11сяН

1

ie.=tb6is oxidation tendericyj _d^®lsihili^r_

ability to mix centrifuge • to be related to Sludge corrosion inhibition to protect to prevent friction to absorb catbon deposits to achieve blending additives detergent additives storage to allow .coarse filtering fine filtering to remove solid particles contaminated oil contaminant

to collect ' £еггоизфагйс1ез servicing indicator vent plug flow out to.in lr ;

'*i\

division platebody drain differential pressure connections ?

-фильтр ' - индекс вязкости ^зстепе^ь;;скорость - щелочное число - - количество - щелочь г.то есть т окисление -тенденция - деэмульгирующая способность -! способность - смешивать - центрифуга - быть связанным с, иметь отношение.к:' - шлам - замедление .коррозии -защищать - предотвращать I?трение :т поглощать - частицы нагара - достигать •;г смешивание -присадки - моющие присадки ( к маслу ) тхранение - позволять - грубаяочистка - тонкая очистка -удад^п, - твердые частицы - загрязненное масло - загрязняющее вещество - собирать -железные частицы

- индикатор работы фильтра - пробка выйуска воздуха г направление;движения неочищенного • масла> разделительная’перегородка. - сливнаягПробка,^

^ мес^априсоединениз? манометров1

69

STEXT

Lube oils tm y^thfefateing т£Щ>5И)$Дз&

The viscoatvan^i^?iscogtv'Jp ag ^ ^ 6 n jy ^ iijap ^f-ate>'*pf .change o f .viscosity with temperature.’ ^ '•-sr*.The Total Base Number ( TBN )ffifaiclri§Jrif5n&<3rtibri6f the quantify of alkali, i.e. base availabl г in^lube^Birt^^ itiMise a< r The addity wi^k$i is measured by J The oxidation-ji^hich:isaJso me The carbon forming tendency. The demulaoilitv which is the ‘abiUty^o^no^with tya&|ffiid theiyrelease the water in a centrifuge. This propertyjs also rj a t ^ jt ^ f ^ d e O ^ S ^ ^ s l u d g e.( Corrosion inhibition which is^^feilitvrjo protecr^ s u rfa c e when plater is present in the oil. The modern hibric^ts,must p^orm rtmmerom~^uHe£4 d prevent metal mtoumetal contact, reduce friction and wear at moving parts,^to neutnffise^the acidF and absorb cart^fftt'eposits, to absorb water and protect * tite^itifetal partsifrom 'corrosioa~Thiii1sM ° achieved through blending and additives. There дгё-^klkali^^ ^detergent dispersant «orjraextreme ^.-pressure (E.P.) additives. Both fuel oils and lubricating oils' Require treatment'before passing to the engine. This includes storage and heating to allow"separation of water present, coarse and fine filtering to remove solid particles and also centrifuging.' • « - t*

The centrifugal separators iispd to separate two liquids, for example oil and water or a liquid and solids as in contaminated oil. Mechanical separation of solid, contaminants from oil systems ( fuel and lubricating ) is achieved by the.use of filters and, strainers, . A- strainer is usually a coarse filter to remove the larger contaminating particles. Magnetic strainers are often used in lubricating oil systems where a large magnet collects any .ferrous particles. Fine filters in pairs are used to remove the smallest p a ^ le g o f dirt from oil.. ( Figure 8.1 Fiiie,filter4p.7Q). TEXT 3 BUNKERING OPERATIONS WORDSAND EXPRESSIONS to send (sent, sent) - отправлять ETA- estimated time of arrival'” едолагаемое время прибытия grade >•:сорт (топлива) length„of$me i'время to schedule гдл анировать amount р.количество if any, -.если таковое имеется to handle cargo ^обрабатывать груз ' 'flexible hose 4тибкий шланг to connect -соединять i j

70

MRvie^Mir'cftoti WMTn.ua

urn«a кд*в£и рг+лт'лшштЬ1 аимсалмом. Х*тт*шои*.ч» ■<

М М М ЛСП Ы М Т

гп и м HtATTMjM£lter.

Figure 8.1 Fine filter connecti^gflaige to commence fill pipe'-’ ’ valve manifold to direct storage tank scupper to seal off minor oil spill air vent containment drip tray sawdust manual valves ...should be proved,to be open for the flow of liquid reliable tank - sounding equipment contents even

- одедтшгедьщлй фланец - приемная Трубя - клапанная распределительная коробка -направлять - танк запаса топлива - шпигат - герметично закрывать - незначительный разлив топлива - сборник тошгавоуловителей воздушных Tpyfr; - подцон -р.пилки - необходимо убедиться в том,что клапаны с ручным управлением были открыть! для • прохождения жидкости - надежный I - оборудование для замера уровня п{(жидкостн) в танках ^«содержимое ■зяаже

71

to dip a tank to be dertain of their contents means of communication bunkering installation to indentify

- замерять глубину ( жидкости ) в тарке - чтобы убедиться в ихсодержимом - средства связи - бункеровщик - здесь обозначать

TEXT Before bunkering the ship sends | o the company’s agent ashore a radiogram indicating : 1) the name of the ship, 2) the estimated time of arrival at the fuel port, 3) tl-3 estimated quantity and grade of fuel oil or\ lubricated oil required, 4) the length of time the shij^ ^ scheduled to be in the fueling port, 5) the amount of cargo if any, which will be handldd during the port call. Two days or 24 fhours before the arrival the ship sends to the agent the time of arrival and the exact humbe/ of metric tons of required fuel. At the fixed time a fuel barge comefc alongside the ship, a flexible hose from the fuel barge is connected to the ship’s pipe by connecting flanges and bunkering commences. The fuel fill pipe is connected to a valve manifold in the engine-room spaces.From the valve manifold fuel is directed to various storage tanks. The third engineer is in charge of bunkering operations. A set procedure for bunkering includes : 1. All scuppers are to be sealed off, i.e. plugged to prevent any minor oil spill on deck going overboard. 2. All tank air vent containments or drip travs are to be sealed or plugged. 3. Sawdust should be available at the bunkering station and various positions around the deck. 4. All fuel tanks should be carefully checked before bunkering commences. 5. All valves on tanks which are not used should be closed or switched to the "off' position. 6. Any manual valves in the filling lines should be proved to be open for the flow of liquid. 7. Reliable tank-sounding equipment must be used to regularly check the contents of each tank. It may even be necessary to dip or manually sound the tanks to be certain of their contents. 8. A complete set of all tank soundings must be obtained before bunkering commences. 9. A suitable means of communications must be set between the ship and the bunkering installation before bunkering commences. 10. Any tank that is being filled should be identified in some way on the level indicator, possibly by a sign or marker reading "Filling". BUNKERING OPERATIONS CONVERSATIONAL SECTION USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS бункеровщик - pump-operator, oil-plant foreman максимально допустимое - maximum permissible давление - pressure увеличивать давление - to increase pressure убавлять давление - to reduce/ease down pressure заканчивать загрузку (прессовать) - to top off замер - measurement правильные замеры - correct measurements измерительный прибор - meter показания измерительного прибора - meter readings

72

паспорт на топливо перелив переходник подача ( насосом) производительность насоса ( при Приемке топлива ) рабочий на барже счет за бункеровку подписывать пробаИ-оплива утечк^ топлива пр^мная труба подавать шланг на борт пережимать шланг убирать шланг шланговаться шланговщик Кто будет снимать показания счетчика ? Кто наблюдает за шлангом ? Будем принимать топливо через горловину танка Вы поставили поддоны под фланцы ? Наше оборудование не подходит к вашим стандартным фланцам шланг пережат шланг перетерт (перетирается) Я проставлю ваши замеры

oil certificate/specification overflow adapter ■pumping pump rate barge attendant Banker Receipt/Ticket to sign ■oil sample oil spillage intake pip^ to put the hose aboard to strain the j^ose to remove the hose to fit the hose fitter Who will take the meter readings ? Who supervises the hose? We shall bunker/load "over all" Have you placed drip pans under the flanges? Our fittings don't match your standard flanges the hose is strained the hose is chafed ( chafing ) I’ll accept your measurements as correct

DIALOGUE WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS to suit - подходить It suits me perfectly - это меня вполне устраивает Request Order - заявка to complete=to fill in - заполнять previous port of call - предыдущий порт захода to take the ullage - измерять уровень вручную empty - пустой to take into account - принимать во внимание to allow for - делать поправку на что-то, учитывать temperature deflection - температурная поправка you are supposed to supply - вы должны поставить claim - претензия Delivery Order - накладная на топливо stamp - печать

73

DIALOGUE I

Pump Operatorj: Good aflernooft, Chieft I have delivered you 1,000 tons of heavy oil. Chief Engineer ' : May I see the oil certificate? Pumfr Operator: Here you are. Chief Engineer : This oil suits me perfectly. Pump Operator : O.K. Let's complete the Request Order: voun previous port of call, your next port of call, the correct name^of the ship... Chieft Engineer : The previous port of call is Genova, the next1‘port of call is Pireaus, the name of the ship is "A”. Pump'Operator: Now what should be the pump rate .while bunkering ? Chief Engineer : Weil, I think the first five minutes it should Jbe minimum then not more than 150 m3/per hour. What is the heavy fuel temperature? Pump Operator: 60» C. Chief Engineer : Have you got a flow meter or we shall have to take the -Ullage? Pump Operator: There is a meter on the fuel barge but anyway I think your third engineer should take the ullage together with the donkeyman. There are 6 tanks on the barge, two of which are empty. Chief Engineer: О.К.П1 instruct the third engineer to take the ullage.If we take into account the density indicated in the certificate and allow for the temperature deflection you are supposed to supply us with 1055 m3. Pump Operator: I agree ( with you here ). Will you sign the Request Order with the tank measurements and sealed samples? Chief Engineer. П1 sign the measurements only after our third engineer has taken the ullage. Pump Operator; All right. Chief Engineer: As soon as the measurements are signed you may start bunkering. * * * Chief Engineer: A haven't got any claims for the quantity of the fuel received. Pump Operator. Good. Will you sign the Delivery Order and put the ship's stamp on it? The last two copies are for you, Chief. Chief Engineer :Thank you. See you again. Pump Operater: Good-bye. Chief Engineer:Good-bye.

to short-receive to lodge a protest short-delivery

BUSINESS LETTER NOTICE FOR MASTERS/CHIEF ENGINEERS CHECKLIST ( BUNKERING OPERATIONS ) WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS - недополучить - заявить протест - недопоставка

74

Yours faithfully Should youWfcfting bunker precaution determination to determine to witness acceptance volume dispute valuable to draw attention to fail the supplying tmij: submission of the same shall be deemed to be correct to make a log entry to be familiar with to brief to establish party to blank to verify to stir N.B. ( nota bene )

- искренне'Ваш - если будете принимать топливо - мера прбдосторюяйюсти - определение - определять • - быть свидетелем - здесь согласие, одоб|£ение - объем - спор - ценный - обращать внимание - не исполнить, не сделать - здесь; количество топлива, указанное бункеровщиком, будрг считаться правильным i - делать запись в судовом журнале - быть в курсе чего-либо, знать что; либо - инструктировать - устанавливать - сторона - ставить заглушку, закрывать пробкой - проверять - встряхивать - лат. нотабене,.обрати особое внимание

75

Date : Ref : To

:

Dear Sirs, NOTE OF PROTEST f OR BUNKERING OPERATION ON

_(name of vessel)

1. Chief Engineer ofM/V short received_________ the

(grade of bunkers) out of

tonnes of

______ (date of bunker received).The bunkers

tonnes requested for on

_____________ (name of bunker barge/tanker)

were supplied by bunker barge/tanker_ -SB No.

(Jdate)

on

(date)at____________(location).

I hereby lodge a protest against the short delivery. Yours faithfully ,

(Name of Chief Engineer of vessel) cc 1.The Executive Secretary Singapore National Shipping Assocciation 456 Alexandra Road #02-02 NOL Building Singapore 0511 (Fax No: 2745079) ACKNOWLEDGED

2.The Bunkering Services Manager Bunkering Service Department Port of Singapore Authority 2nd Storey,West Wing Keppel Building,Keppel Road Singapore 0409(Fax No:3211976)

RECEIPT

Signature of Master/Cargo Officer of Bunker Barge/Tanker Name of Master/Cargo Officer of Bunker Barge/Tanker

Date/Time

76

AftTENTl6 N

For:

MASTERS/CHIEF ENGINEEfeiy of Vessels

Should vou be LIFTING BUNKERS, please note following precautions to protect your interest in supplied quantity^ determination:1. The quantity of marine fuel delivered shall be determined from the gauging and measurements of the SUPPLYING unit. 2. Do send your representative to witness the following procedure : (a) the opening ullage measurement of the supplying tank IMMEDIATELY BEFORE delivery commences. (b) the closing ullage measurement IMMEDIATELY AFTER delivery completed from the supplying tank. (c) the measurements should be signed by your representative, at both the opening ullage and closing ullage, indicating your acceptance of the figures of measurements. (d) these would provide the measurements in VOLUME of the quantity supplied. 3. Should there be any dispute on the calculated quantity measurements by WEIGHT, the ullages* measurements, both opeiing and closing, would provide valuable assistance in tl'fi determination of what the quantity should be. 4. Your attention is drawn that should your representative fail to witness the opening and/or the closing ullage measurements, the supplying unit’s submission of the same shall be deemed to be correct.

CHECKLIST 01 BUNKER TNG OPfe^ATIONS This checklist is to be completed by the officer mxhargeof j bunkering and a log entry made.

Tick if yes

Prior to the arrival of the bunkering barge or arrival at the bunkering facility 01.1 Has the bunkering plan been prepared.

[ J

01.2 Are all staff involved familiar with the ships bunkering system.

[ ]

013 Is the Officer in Charge fully briefed in the sampling procedures.

[ ]

01.4 Has transfer of fuel to minimise the mixing of old with new fuel been completed.

[ 1

01.5 Have soundings of Bunker tanks been taken.

[ ]

01.6 Is the bunker line drip sampler in working order.

[ ]

01.7 Is the sample collector clean and in position. 01.8 Is the oil spill equipment ready.

[ ]

01.9 Are all scuppers plugged.

[ ]

01.10 Have all air vents been checked.

[ 1

After arrival of the bunkering barge or arrival at the bunkering facility and prior to bunkering:01.11 Is the vessel securely moored.

( ]

01.12 If bunkering from a barge is the barge securely moored.

[ ]

01.13 Have communications been established between all parties.

[ ]

01.14 Has the delivery documentation been checked and found to be satisfactory.

[ ]

01.15 Have all the barge or bunkering facility tanks been sounded

[ ]

01.16 Have the bunker hoses been inspected for damage

[ ]

01.17 Have the bunker hoses been identified with the grade of oil.

\ 1

78

£7 .

< ‘

CHECKLIST 01 - BUNKERING OPERATIONS

cont’d

r

0Ц18 Have drip trays been provided under the hose couplings. _ » I e 01.-19 Are the hose couplings properly connected with all flange bolts fitted. l” 01.2,0 Are all unused manifolds blanked.

[ ] .[ 1 [ ]

0112.3 Have all bunker lines been checked

[ 1

0122 Have bunker sampling connections been made / During bunkering:f ' 01.23 Are all ships bunker tanks being checked at regular intervals

[ 1

01.24 Have the bunkering hoses and lines been checked for leakage.

[ 1

01.25 Are drip samples being taken over the whole bunkering period.

[ ]

Oh completion of bunkering:-

[ ]

[ ] [ 1

01.26 Have all ship barge or bunkering facility tanks been sounded and the delivered quantity verified. 01.27 Has the bunker receipt been signed for volume only not for weight received by the Chief Engineer and Master.

[ ]

01.28 Have all lines been drained.

[ ]

01.29 Have bunker hoses been disconnected and manifolds blanked.

[ 1

.01.30 Have drip trays been drained.

[ 1

01.31 Have the contents of drip sample container been stirred before transfer to the sample bottles.

[ 1

01.32 Have the samples been sealed and signed by the supplier's representative

[ 1

01.33 Have the sample bottles been labelled in accordance with the instructions. 01.34 Have samples been despatched to the nearest laboratory within 24 hours. 01.35 Has the sampling and sealing of the supoliers sample been personally witnessed. NB The ship's staff must not accept the bunker barge or bunkering facility samples unless they have witnessed the sampling.

[ ] [ 1

[ 1

79

CHAPTER 9 ORDERING SPARE PARTS AND GENERAL SUPPLIES TEXT WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS to run out of - израсходовать (запчасти и т д ) to be short of - не хватать (чего-либо) request - просьба,запрос cock „ - кран,вентиль,пробка reftjctory brick l r 1 ^ U ^ r', - огнеупорный кирп|и4 nozile - сопло,форсунка ignition electrode - запальный электрод antifouling compound - средство против Морского обрастания silver - серебро sulphuric acid I S - серная кислота - хлористоводородная (соляная) кислота hydrochloric acid injector - форсунка,инжекгор babbit soldering - зд баббитовая заливка - инструменты,зд: резцы tools . - токарный станок lathe L L ^ I M ^copper - медь - ветошь cleaning rags cast iron - чугун availability, ,. - наличие - по правка,изменения amendment, W] - пропуск pass storeman - кладовщик TEXT When a ship has' run out of some spare parts or is short-,of supplies the Chief Engineer sends a telex to the agent at the next port of call in which he indicates the spares- the ship needs and the quantity required This telex is based on the written request prepared by the fourth, third and second engineers. As a rule the following items may be included into the fourth engineer's written requesta) impellers for the boiler circulating pump;. b) packings material ( rubber, klingirit, pararnt), c) water and steam packings; d) cocks for the sanitary system, ГV A b a w, e) refractory bricks, (clay) ( for a boiler furnace ); f) thermostat, / a ^ g) atomizers for boiler burner nozzles; h) ignition electrodes. i) bearings; k) band brakes for winches, 1) oil of different grades, m) antifouling compound marine; n) chemicals for water analysis laboratory: silver, sulphuric and hydrochloric acids, etc The third engineer orders the following equipment:

\

80

a) a fuel putiip for the-cjlesel generator; b) injector fb f the dies£l\ generator, c) pistpn rings; d) bearings with babbitsoldering: e) air inlet valves; f) exhaust and inlet valves; g) a cylinder liner; h) oil pump drive gears; i) cylinder covers. As the second engineer is in charge of the main engine his request p&y include the following items; a) main engine piston riiigs; b) pistons, cylinder liners; c) cylinder covers; d) exhaust valves; e) oil for the main engine; f) tools for the ship's lathe: g) copper and steel wire of different diameter; h) ball bearings; i) spares for pumps; k) cleaning rags: 1) cast iron, bronze, steel and other metals for making ^pares On receipt of the telex the agent sends a rfcpTy^fcontaining all the necessary information about the availability, price and terms of delivery of the spares required. On the ship's arrival at the port the Chief Engineer sometimes has to meet with the shipchandler personally to show him the samples of the spares he needs and to discuss some problems As a result of the talks several amendments may be made about the quantity, quality, spares with the same characteristics but from another company, parts of other modification.A special document called Delivery List is prepared and considered to be an official pass at the port territory. Some time later the shipchandler brings the bill which must be signed by the Captain, Chief Engineer and storeman. CONVERSATIONAL SECTION USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS гарантировать данные, характеристики дешевый дорогой комплект в комплекте с модификация надежность надежный номер номер изделия номер чертежа по образцу перечень

- guarantee - particulars,characteristics - cheap - expensive - set, complete set - complete with - modification - reliability - reliable - number - part number - drawing number - according to the sample - list

81

рекламный проспект сертификат классифика­ ционного существа список стоимость счет условие на обычных условиях цена f предварительная цена штука

- advertising booklet - Classification (Society) Certificate^ - list - cost - account, bill - conditions, terms - on general terms ' - price, cost - estimate price - piece

- We would like you to supply ... Мы хотели 6Ц чтобы Вы поставили раам) -• Some prices should be agreed upc/n with Часть цен следует сог­ the company ласовать с фермой - Thi$ part won't suit us, the modification Эта деталь не подходит, is wrong не та модификация Каковы условия доставки? - What are the terms of delivery? Вы можете организовать - Can you arrange for due delivery? своевременную доставку? Сколько это все может - How much does it come to? стоить ? Эта деталь прочная ? - Is this spare reliable / strong? DIALOGUE WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS - Я должен сказать Вам I’ve got to tell you We haven’t been able to ... - Нам не удалось ( Мы не смогли ) - в наличии ( о товарах и т.д.) in stock - к сожалению unfortunately договориться, обеспечить to arrange for to settle - решать - урегулировать проблему to settle a problem By the way - кстати - назначить цену to charge for раньше мы платили значительно меньше We used to pay much less - предоставлять скидку to grant a discount - обдумать to think over - просматривать to look through Td better phone - Я лучше позвоню ... Have you got a spare part - У Вас есть такая деталь ? like that ? - предлагать to offer L ^ - окончательный final - решение decision - относительно regarding

82

DIALOGUE - Good afternoon, A gent! '= Nice to see you again. How яге you? . , - Good afternoon! I'm fine, thank you and you ? - Quite well, thanks. Have you received my telex with a request for spare parts ? ~r -Yes, I have. The spare parts will be’delivered tomorrow morning. Does it suit you ? - It suits me perfectly. And what about thel servomotor ? - I've got to tell you that we haven't been able to supply the servomotor you need. The servomotors'y(bu want are not in stock just now. i - Could you ask the shipchandler to find another suitable servomotor? And please have him come on board tomorrow morning. I’ve got some problems to settle. - O.K. See you later. *

*

*

- Morning, Shipchandler! - Morning, Chief. Tve brought you the catalogue. - Thank you. Have you found a suitable servomotor ? - Unfortunately. I haven't. But we expect the servomotor you need to be supplied in 2 days time. How long are you going to stay in our port ? - Two days only. You won't have time enough to arrange for delivery. - We could arrange for the delivery during your next call at our port. - Then that's settled. Bv the wav, could you supply electrodes? - What kind of electrodes? - Ignition electrodes. - How many pieces do you need? - I'd like to get 4 pairs of electrodes. - It's possible if the price suits you. The prices have changed you know. - How much do you charge for a pair? - Here is the price list. - Why, it's much too expensive. We used to pav much less for the same. Do you grant a discount? - Sorry, We've got fixed prices. But we guarantee the high quality of the spares we supply. - I'll think it over. - Anything else, Chief? - I’ve looked through the catalogue and there isn't a spare I need. I'd better phone the engineer of the watch and ask him to bring you a sample. What would you like to drink : tea, coffee, juice, mineral water? - Coffee, please. - How would you like your coffee? - A teaspoon of sugar and no milk, please.

83

- Here you are. - Thank you. - And here is oar Third Engineer. Have you got a spare part like this? | - 1 don't think so but we cquld offer,you a part with the same characteristics from another company. - OK. Will you phone me tomorrow morning and advise about the availability and price of thys spare part. And then IH tell you about our unal decision regarding electrodes. TELEXES» TELEX1 TO SILVER LINE LTD LONDON ATTN MRS SNUDJGA FM MV K. KAMINSKIY PLS URGENTLY CONFIRM BLASCO UNIVERSAL TO MR OSIPENKO US • PURCHASE : FELT STRIPE 1500*30*15 MM, GRINDING WHEELS 290*127*40 MM 2 PCS, HIGHLY STANNIC BRONZE 20 KGS, WORKING CLOTHES AND SHOES 26 SETS, ELECTRIC BULBS 400 PCS. YOUR PROMPT REPLY WILL BE HIGHLY APPRECIATED BRGDS MASTER

TELEX 2 TO ASIA EXPRESS SHIPPING/DUBAI TLX 47562 AFSA EM/45418 AFSACH EM FM MV "КАР ITAN KAMENSKIY" REF ORDER... PLS SPEED UP DELIVERY OF VALVE STEM OF EXHAUST VALVE NO 1541 A3 5-2 PCS; VALVE BODY OF LUBRICATOR FIG 208/POS66-1 PC; PLUNGER AND BARREL NO 50-5001-1 OF F.I.PUMP -12 PCS AWAITING YOUR PROMPT REPLY BEST REGARDS MASTER TELEX 3 ZCZC TX 23035 MAASSLUIS 05 SEP 94 12:28 ATTNTO WHOM ГГ MAY CONCERN RE : MV "KAPITAN KAMINSKIY" NEW ORLEANS THE C/E OF THE A/M VESSEL REQUESTED 2 CYLINDERS R-12 PRICE TOTAL USD 1462,50 WE WOULD ALSO LIKE TO CONFIRM TO YOU THAT HE HAS ONLY RUSSIAN CYLINDERS TO RETURN THEREFORE TO THE SUGGESTED PRICE PLS ADD USD 165,00 DEPOSIT FOR EACH CYLINDER PLS SEND YOUR APPROVAL BEST REGARDS VECOM TRADING B.V. J.BIESOT

84

TELEX 4 Тб 'ASIA EXPRESS SHIPPING/DUBAI FM MV "KAPITAN KAMINSKIY" I MASTER OF A/M VSL HEREBY INFORM YOU TT MY VESSEL'S REPAIR HAS BEEN COMPLETED AND MY VESSELTfc READY FOR DELIVERY AFTER SUPPLY OF BUNKER AS PER V O f AGE REQUIREMENTS PRESENT F.O.B. IF О 120 CST 30 MT MDO 3/THREE ^fT ONLY ALSO NEED LUB AS FOLLOWS ATLANTA: 10,000 KILOS DISpLAM : 5 KILOS

OILLjO COMPRESSOR: 1 DRUM :e t ACETYLENE: 2 BOTTLES AWT YR URGE REPLY BEST REGARDS MASTER

85

CHAPTER 10 REPAIRS IlEPAERS LIST M/V “BORIS ANDREEV^- containership (SKP-500), built in February 1989,' &i Varna, Bulgaria Hull project 599.1, class of Register with symbol KM* 12 I A1 containersfiips Class renewal date 20th January, 1993, annual submission 20th January, 1993 seaworthiness certificate 20th January, 1993 1Submission of propeller shaft 20th January, 1993 Last] docking 3rf August, 1991. SHIP’S MAIN DATA Length overall Length between perpendiculars Breadth extreme ' Moulded depth Load draught Light draught Load displacement Light displacement Deadweight Gross register tonnage Ship's code letters

/4 8 .5 m. 136.0 m. 21j.0m. 10 9 m. 7.65 m 6 0m 149991 5782 t 87171 9764 t UQAJ

Main engine 6 DKRN-67/140-4 (K67GF) 7500 Kw at 140 rev/min, built in the USSR P/O Br’ansk mechanical yard under B&W licence-fixed pitch propeller Diesel generators: 3 pcs, type 5 AL 25/30 SULZER 500 KW at 750 rev/min, Poland ЧЕРНОМОРСКОЕ МОРСКОЕ ПАРОХОДСТВО РЕМОНТНАЯ ВЕДОМОСТЬ Т/Х “БОРИС АНДРЕЕВ” НА ВНЕШНЕЙ РЕМОНТНОЙ БАЗЕ Т/Х “БОРИС АНДРЕЕВ” - контейнеровоз (СКП-500), построен в 1989 г в пор-ту Варна, Болгария. Корпус проект 599.1,класс Регистра СССР с символом КМ * 12 I AI контейнеровоз. Срок возобновления класса 20 января 1993 г ; ежегод-но предъявление 20 января 1993 г удостоверение на годность к плаванию 20 января 1993 г Предъявление гребного вала 20 января 1993 г. Последнее докование 3 августа 1991 г ОСНОВНЫЕ ДАННЫЕ СУДНА Длина наибольшая Длина между перпендикулярами Ширина наибольшая Высота борта Осадка в грузу Осадка порожнем Водоизмещение в грузу Водоизмещение порожнем Дедвейт

148,5 м 136,0 м 21,0 м 1 0,9 м 7,65 м 6,0 м 14999 т 5782 т 8717 т

86

Брупхз-регистррвый тоннаж Позывныесудна

9764 т. UQAJ

'Т 7г ■ i' Главный двигатель 6 ,HKHP-67/140-4(K67GF) 7500 квт при' 140 об/миц.построен в ССС^ П/О Брянский машиностроительный завод по лицензии фирмы B&W работает на винт фиксированного шага. I

Дизель-генератор 3 шт. тип 5 АЛ 25/30 ЗУЛЬЦЕР 500 квт при 750-с}б/мин ПОЛЬША

WORK] DENOMI­ NATION No НАИМЕНО­ ВАНИЕ j ОБЪЕКТА 1 2

КРАТКОЕ ОПИСА HИ К РАБОТ

A m ount OF / W ORK ОБЪЕМ РДБОТЫ

3

4

No

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK

NOTE ПРИ­ МЕЧА­ НИЕ 5

I. ДОКОВАЯ ЧАСТЬ L DOCKING 1.

1.

2.

Ship

Судно As above

•

Place the ship into the dock and take it out, including days at the dock.

ship

Постановка судна в док и вывод из дока, включая суток стоянки в доке.

судно

Connect and disconnect land supply of el. power. Technical supervision.

ship

2.

To же

Подключение и отключение берегового питания э л . энергией. Технадзор.

3.

As above

Connect and disconnect land telephone. Technical supervision.

3.

To же

Подключение и отключение берегового телефона. Технадзор.

4.

As above

Connect and disconnect fire system.

4.

To же

Подсоединение и отключение пожарной системы.

5.

As above

Make available fire fighting protection.

hours

5.

To же

Предоставление противопожарной охраны.

час

•ship

ship

jSJpply cdoling foSteF? 'б

ТоПжё

J ! ► 7

f

• As above £agsq>f Тоже

|

* As above

8

To же

Предоставление,подключение и отключение цистерны санитарной' воды, откачка и уборка фекальных вод ’ г

9

Underwater surface

Clean by means of high pressure and sand blasting - class SA 2 5

9

Подводная часть судна

Очистить прибором высокого давления и кв м и пескоструйным аппаратом на класс SA2,5

10

As above

Paint the cleaned surface according to the firm’s technology '

sq.m.

Custo-. mer’s paint

10

Тоже

Очищенную поверхность окрасить по технологии фирмы.

кв.м

Краска заказ­ чика

11

Boottopping

Clean by means of high pressure and sand blasting - class SA 2 5

sq.m.

*

,t !

Подача охлаждающей водыг tPlace and remove rubbish containers Постанови йдарй^Я уборпьк’контей-r ' пНР нейров Make available, connect and disconnect tanks for sanitary water,''pump'out ari(T,c< remove sewage

sq m

1 1 Пояс пере­ менных ва­ терлиний

Очистить прибором высокого давления и кв м пескоструйным аппаратом на класс ' SA 2,5

12 Boottopping

Paint the cleaned surface according to the firm’s technology Cl ' SA 1 5 ;

"

sq m.

'

Custo­ mer's paint '> n ,

12 Пояс пере­ менных ватерлйний

Счищенную поверхность окрасить по тех- кв м нблог фирмы KJI SA 1 5

Краска’ заказчика

83

!■■■„ — -.у ? . eanb'y sandblasting гШ .4 the cleaned surface according]tb thefirm': 1 . i ^ h n o lo g y who* 13. Наружная обшивка ш до 1,5м над ГВЛ

4 - -*'**•— ■"

. L '5

-

т

.

I >*

mer's P ^ n t:

V.-

a w w fv,. Очистить пескоструйным аппаратом на кв.м класс SА 2,5, г^рчищедщю ^wepxjjqsq, ., • окрасить по технологии фирмы. - ) \ >«

I

-*■ -

I I i .dldab

м о Ъ г* Краска заказ­ чика

sq.m.

Custo­ mer's paint

14. Надводная часть корпуса

Очистить прибором высоко|т) давления, кв м Окрасить в 4 слоя КЛ SA 1,5. - h,

Краска заказ­ чика

15. As above

Clean the freeboard area by sandblasting class sq.m SA 1.0. Clean the fore and aft area by sandblasting - class SA 2 5. Apply a supplementary coat of paint on the cleaned surface sq.m

Custo­ mer's paint

15. Тоже

В р-не надводн части очистить пескоструйным аппаратом на класс SA 1,0.В р-не носа и кормы очистить пескостр аппаратом на класс SA 2,5 Очищенную поверхность окрасить дополнительно одним слоем краски .

Краска заказ­ чика

'14 Freeboard

Clean by means of high pressure^, AppJyj4,. coats of paint. Cl. SA 1.5 /

16 Bulwark

Clean by means of high pressure, apply 4 coats of paint. Cl. SA 1.5

кв.м кв м кв.м sq m •

16. Фальшборт

17.

Очистить прибором высок, давления окрасить в 4 слоя КЛ SA 1,5.

кв.м .

Draught marks Clean, prune, paint numbers, letters *md,., , ...sqjp. load lines,.. marks with two coats of paint. ,-jix . • /, conventional signs of thruster * • • •’ > '• - > - -мои см • «■ 17. ШЦлы углуб- Зачистить, загрунтовать, о красить^ циф -.*к$.м, лений,груз. ры, буквы , знаки двумя слоями краски, марки уел. • обозначения подр.ус.бульба

Custo­ mer's paint Краска заказ­ чика Yard's paint

Краска „верфи

8 9 ,.

ИУЛ!Й№>|Г

№

1 Blj^S&tppex openjinraonthe uppef deck. ' I 18. Щпигатные| отверст, на верней палубе

J

Ш

Close with wooden plugs for the whole .rtf ; -pcs- 1 period of sandblasting. / ■■V*T f - *: Закрывать деревянными пробками н ^ пё- " шг,риод пескоструйных работ. I _

Dismantle gratings, clean, paint according jo pcs the yard's technology. Renew protector, 5
Custo­ mer’s paint

19. Кингстонные ящики

Демонтировать решетки , очистить,покра- шт сить по технолог, завода. Заменить про­ текторную защиту, 50% крепежа.Устано­ вить решетки на место . Внутреннюю по­ верхность очистить пескоструйным аппа­ ратом на класс SA 2,0. Окрасить по тех- кв.м, нологии завода . Произвести испытаниевоздухом с предъявлением Регистру.

Краска заказ­ чика

20. Thruster

a) Tunnel gratings - remove, clean, paint according to the yard's technology, renew 50% of fastener, install in place. b) Clean the tunnel surface by sandblasting class SA 2.5. Paint according to the underwater surface scheme. c) Mechanical cleaning and polishing of the screw. d) Dismantle thruster, technical maintenance by the representative of Playger firm, installation in place. Submit to the Register.

Custo­ mer's paint Custo­ mer's paint

19. Sea Chests

■

20 .

/

Подрулива­ ющее уст­ ройство

pcs

sq.m. pc set

а)Решетки туннеля-снять ,очистить, по- шт. красить по технолог, завода, заменить 50% крепежа,установить-на место. б)Поверхносгь туннеля очистить песко- кв.мструйным аппаратом на класс SA2.5. Окрасить по схеме подводной части. в)Про из вести механическую очистку, и полировку винта. г)Произвести демонтаж подруливающего к-т устройства, техобслуживание представи­ телем фирмы Плайгер, монтаж на место. Предъявить Регистру.

Краска заказ­ чика Краска заказ­ чика шт.

71 t f " .# V'' 2l.f ballast duct

$анал /. f

i

f 22. Protector

Remove covers from the manholes, fclfean, paint according to the yard's technology, install in place. Renew 50% of fastener. jpcs Clean by sandblasting the iritemal surface of ' the duct - class SA 2.0. Paint according to the yard's technology. sq.m. Снять крышки горловин, очистить,»покра- кв.м сить по технолог, завода, поставиЦ‘ на место. Заменить 50% крепежа. ( Внутреннюю поверхность, канала очистить пескоструйным аппаратом на класс S A 2.0. Окрасить по технологии завода. Renew detective aluminium anodes on the ship's hull, in the thruster tunnel, on the rudder blade. Clean all anodes.

Custo­ mer’s paint Краска заказ­ чика

pcs шт

22., Протектор­ ная защита корпуса

Заменить дефектные алюминиевые аноды по корпусу судна, в туннеле подруливающего устр-ва, на пере руля Произвести очистку всех анодов.

23. Screw pro­ peller D=5m 11950 kg 4 blades

a) Install and remove staging. b) Remove fairwater, release nut, press screw. c) Clean mechanically and polish the screw, perform chromatic crack detection Submit to the Register. Assemble. Test the hub with pressure equal to 2.5 kg/sq.cm., fill fairwater with technical grease, cement nuts of fairwater. set

23. Гребной винт Д=5 м 11950 кг. лопасти 4

а)Установить и снять рештования. б)Снять обтекатель,отдать гайку, спрес­ совать винт. в)Произвести механическую очистку и полировку винта, произвести цветную де­ фектоскопию . Предъявить Регистру. Собрать. Опрессовать ступицу давлением 2,5 кг/см2, залить обтекатель техническим жиром, зацементировать гайки обтекателя. к-т

Краска заказ­ чика

91

1

2

1 i',

24. t Steering gear rudder

ч /t a) Install and remove staging. , b) Disassemble steering gear,dismantle rudder blade and stock. c) Measure clearances in the bearings of stock, pintles, rudder blade, subsidence. Submit to the Register while disassembled . Assembled, submit while operating

- 5

1572^ kg __> stock \ 3988 Ц set

I 24. Рулевое устройство

Руль 15721 а)Установить и снять рештования. б)Разобрать рулевое устройство, демон­ кг. баллер 3 9 ^ кг. тировать перо руля и баллер. в)Произвести замеры зазоров в подшип­ никах баллера,штырей,пера руля, просадку.Предьявигь Регистру в разобранном виде. Собрать, предъявить в работе , к-т испытать на плотность.

25.

Tailshaft

a) Dismantle intermediate shaft. рс b) Take out the tail shaft. pc c) Measure the tail shaft and its bearings. d) Perform crack detection on the cone of tail shaft. > e) Submit to the Register while disassembled f) Assemble, submit while operating. Measure subsidence of tail shaft.

before disassembly and after assembly check centering of shafting

25.

Концевой вал

а)Демонтировать промежуточный вал. шт. б)Произвести выемку концевого вала. шт. в)Произвести обмеры концевого вала и его подшипников. , . г)Произвести дефектоскопию конуса концевого вала. д)Предъявить Регистру в разобранном виде. ‘ е)Собрать, предъявить в работе. Замерить просадку концевого вала.

Перед разборкой и после сборки проверить центровку валопрово­ да

26. Deadwood equipment

a) Dismantle fore and aft packings b) Repair in the workshop by renewing sealing sleeves. c) Take all measures, submit to the Register. d) Clean chambers, paint with anticorrosive; antifouling paint. '■ e) Assemble, test tightness, submit to the Register. set

92

I 1 -4 -........ 4 " и ,26. Дейдвуднве устройство/

27. Chain lockers

-м~ .r.: та)Демонтироваггь носовое и кормовое уп-' лотнения. б)Произвести ремонт в цеху с заменой манжет. в)Произвести все обмеры, предъявить Ре­ гистру. г)Очиститъ камеры, окрасить антикоррозийнной, антиобрастающей краской. д)Собрать произвести испытание на плотность,предъявить Регистру. a) Clean all surfaces mechanically b) Paint all surfaces according to the yard's technology.

27. Цепные ящики а)Произвести очистку всей поверхности механическим инструментом КЛ SА 1,5. б)Произвести окраску всей поверхности по технологии завода. 28. Chain cable of aft anchor 0 44 mm length 110 m

a) Roll on the pontoon-deck, detach; b) Clean mechanically, weld slackening studs, check cable slips and connecting link c) Paint according to the yard's technology d) Assemble and lay in place. Submit to the Register.

28. Якорная цепь а)Выкатить на стапель-палубу, отсоеди нить. кормового якоря 0/=44 б)Очистить механическим инструментом мм дл.НОм. подварить ослабленные контрофорсы, проверить жвакогалс и соединительное звено. в)Окрасить по технологии завода г)Собрать и уложить на место . Предъя­ вить Регистру. 29. Ballast tanks

a) Open manholes,renew 50 % of fastener, renew gaskets, close manholes. b) Pump out the ballast residues from tanks. c) Clean from sludge and deposits. d) Renew defective protectors. e) Clean mechanically the damaged parts of paint and varnish coating, paint according to the yard's technology. f) In compliance with the Register's requirements carry out testing: forepeak, deep tank No 1 portside/starboard,

fa i , sq.ib.

Уплотне ние заказ­ чика

custo­ mer's paint

шт. K B .M

set Yard'spaint

Краска верфи.

K T

Краска верфи

pcs cub. kg

pcs sq. m. cub.m cub.m.

Custo­ mer’s suply Custo­ mers paint

93

i

г - .............................. / i

29. Танки балластные

30. Fuel tanks

з

4

■

tank No 2, r tank No 3, tank No '4, deep tank No 7, deep tank No 10, afterpeak, lubr .oil tanks. |

cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m.

а)Вскрыть горловины, заменить 50% крепежа,заменить/прокладки,закрыть горло­ вины. б)Откатать остатки балласта из танков. в)Очисгить от ила и отложений. г)3аменить дефектные протектора. д)Поврежденные участки лакокрасоч­ ного покрытия зачистить механическим инструментем,окраситъ по технологии завода. е)По требованию Регистра произвести испытание: форпик диптанк N 1 ЛПБ танк N 2 ЛПБ танк N 3 ЛПБ танк N 4 ЛПЬ диптанк N 7 ЛПБ диптанк N10 ЛПВ ахтерпик танки смаз. масла

Ш Т.

a) Open manholes, renew 50% of fastener, renew gaskets, close manholes b) Clean and degas deep tank N 8 starboard/portside heavy oil deep tank N 9 heavy oil tank N 5 portside diesel oil tank N 5 starboard diesel oil tankN 13 flow tank N 14 overflow tank N 16 bilge water tankN 21 sedimentation of diesel oil tank N 22 consumption of diesel oil tank N 23 consumption of diesel oil tank N 23a consumption 6f diesel 6il tank N 24 sedimentation of diesel o i l c u b tank N 26 boiler fuel c) Double bottom tanks: upon the Register's requirement test by filling

5 / L

м3 КГ

шт..

м2 м3

pcs cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. cub.m. . m . cub.m.. pcs cub.m.

Постав­ ка заказ­ чика

94

' 2 -----

1»

30. ' Танки топливные

!

ч "‘

I .....

JS- 1

_____ 3

......

...... 4 •

ь- \

а)6 скрыть, горловины , заменить 5Ь% Ш Т . крепежа, Заменить ^прокладки, закрыть горловины: , б)Очисггить да дегазировать м3 дшгганк N 8 |Т1ЛБ тяжелое топливо" дигтанк N 9 ОЛБ тяжелое топливо. танк N 5 ЛБ Дизельное топливо танк N 5 ЕрЬ Дизельное топливо танкЫ 13 пдртечки танк N 14 пёреДивной 1,1 " ’ ?:'1; танк N16 льяльные воды цистернаNi2| !о^Гдйз!топлйва' цистерна N22 ра<ж.диз/топлийа , цистерна N 23pabx.T^. Топлива цистерна N23A расхтгаж.топлива цистерна N24 отсТоий.тяж.топлива цистерна N26 котельноё топливо ’ в)Танки двойного дна по требованию Ре^' шт. ^«^раиспьйэть^наливом. ‘ ш '

31. Main engine

Measure deflection before and after docking'

measures

31. Главный двигатель

Произвести замеры раскепов до и пфсле докования.

замеров

ELTHE HULL 1.

Drinking

a) Open manholes, renew 50 % of fastener, water tanks renew gaskets, close manholes, pcs J b) Clean, wash and dr^ ' ': :' c) Paint surfaces according to the yard’s technology. ' 7 7

Custo­ mer’s paint

d) Repair according to the yard's technology, Test, submit to the crew. e) Carry out chemical analysis. Цистерны а)Вскрыть горловины, заменить 50% кре- ш т.. питьевой воды пежа,заменить'прокладки,закрыть горло-' вины. ■ • - ••' ^Произвести очистку, мойку и сушку ; в)Нроизвести окраскуповерхностей по ' технологии завода. м3 ’

Краска заказ­ чика

Washing water tanks

г)Произвести ремонт по технологии за­ вода.Испытать,сдать команде. I д)Произвести химический анализ.' _» a) Open manholes, renew 50% of fastener, renew gaskets, close manholes. b) Clean, wash, dry. | c) Paint surfaces according to the yard's technology. i d) Carry out chemipal analysis.

pcs cub.m.

Custo­ mer's paint

f

Цистерны мытьевой воды

а)Вскрьпъ горловины,заменить 50% кре- шт. пежа,заменить прокладки^,закрыть горло­ вины. б)Произвести очистку, мойку, сушку в)Произвести окраску поверхности по технологии завода. м3 г)Произвести химические анализы.

Краска заказ­ чика

Dry compart­ ments

Open, clean from deposits. Partial mechanical cleaning and paint according to the yard's technology. sq.m.

Yard’s paint

Сухие отсеки

Вскрыть,очистить от отложений.Частич- м2 но очистить механическим инструментом и окрасить по технологии завода.

Краска верфи

Log and echosounder trunk

Clean mechanically. Paint according to the yard's technology.

Custo­ mer’s paint

Шахта лага и эхолота

Очистить механическим инструментом, Окрасить по технологии завода .

Mooring a) Remove stop plates from axles, press out hawsepipe with axles, remove rollers. b) Clean components and lubrication ducts rollers check and regulate clearances in the slide bearings. c) Assemble, install in place, operate. Швартовый клюз с роликами

а)Снять стопорные планки осей,выпрессовать оси,снять ролики. б)Очистить детали,каналы смазки,прове­ рить и отрегулировать зазоры в подшип­ никах скольжения. в)Собрать,установить на место,сдать в работе.

sq.m. м2

pcs

шт. шт.

Краска заказ­ чика

96

! 2 l 6.

3

1

-■■

-.■f-Л Covers of cargo a) Remove covers, rectify and weld packing hold collar. .. .. . | 1 b) Clean by sandblasting - class SA 2. 0 the housing seats and the areas affected by corrosion. c) Paint the cleaned parts according to the yard's technology. 1 •* d) Paint the covers outside according to the yard's technology. , ^ *

J

Крышки грузовых трюмов

7.

Coamings of cargo holds

Комингсы грузовых трюмов

..4

-

s.;

m

sq.m. sq.m. sq.m.

Custo­ mer's paint

r

а)Снять крышки, произвести правку и подварку уплотнительного бурта. б)Очиститъ пескоструйным аппаратом на класс SA 2,0 посадочных мест и мест образования коррозии. в)Окрасить зачищенные участки по тех­ нологии завода. г)Окрасить крышки снаружи по техноло­ гии завода. a) Rectify and weld coamings and guide packing collar. b) Clean by sandblasting - class SA 2.0. Paint the surface according to the yard's technology.

м м2 м2

Краска заказ­ чика

м2

m sq.m.

Custo­ mer's paint

а)Произвести правку и подварку комингсов, направляющего уплотнительного бурта. м б)Очистать пескоструйным аппаратом на класс SA 2,О.Окрасить поверхность по технологии завода. м2

Краска заказ­ чика

8.

Masts

Clean mechanically, paint according to the yard's technology. Include staging H=8 m.

pcs sq.m.

Yard's paint

8.

Мачты

Очистить механическим инструментом, окрасить по технологии завода. Предусмотреть рештования Н=8 м.

шт. м2

Краска верфи

9.

Water-tight doors

Remove,disassemble, repair wedges and tie rods ( if necessary repair-renew) straighten coamings of doors, fit doors on coaming, renew packing rubber, assemble doors, test t i a h t n « a i h m i t to t he crew

DCS

97

ч4 Двери водонепро­ ницаемые

Снять,разобрать и отремонтировать задрайкк и тяги ( в случае невозможности ремонта-замена ) отрихтовать комингсы дверей,подогнать двери по комингсу,за­ менить уплотнительную резину, собрать двери,испытать на плотность,сдать эки­ пажу.

шт.

10. Rectangular portlights

Repair by fitting coaming and frame, renew packing rubber test tightness.

10, Иллюмина­ тор прямо­ угольный

Произвести ремонт с подгонкой комингса шт. рамы,заменить уплотнительную резину, и испытать на плотность.

11. Shell plating

Mechanical cleaning in the areas affected by corrosion Paint the whole surface, including deckheads on platforms and decks according to the yard's technology.

11. Наружная

обшивка

pcs/

sq. m

Произвести механическую очистку в мес­ тах образования коррозии.Окрасить всю поверхность,включая подволоки на плат­ м2 формах и палубах по технологии завода.

12. Wedges of hold Make upon the pattern, install to replace covers defective ones according to the ship's administration instructions.

pcs

12. Задрайки крышек трюмов

Изготовить по образцу,установить вза­ шт мен дефектных по указанию администра­ ции судна

13. Deck scuppers

According to the ship's administration insructions, make and install supplementary scuppers on the poop deck and basin deck in the raft area.

13. Шпигаты палубные

По указанию администрации судна,изго­ товить и установить дополнительные шпигаты на палубе юта и палубе бассей­ на в р-не плотов.

14. Accommo­ dation ladders

Remove ladders, disassemble rollers, pintles Clean. Lubricate.Rectify damaged brackets, weld them. Make new stanchions to' replace the damaged ones. Install ladders ой perma­ nent places, submit to the crew.

pcs шт

pcs pcs

Custo­ mer's paint Краска заказ­ чика

98

14. Парадные трапы

Снять, тралы, разобрать ролики, штыри. шт. Очистить . Смазать . Произвести правку поврежденных кронштейнов,их подварку. Изготовить новые стойки взамен повреж­ денных. Установить трапы на штатные места,сдать команде.

Ш. MECHANICS IIL МЕХАНИЧЕСКАЯ ЧАСТЬ 1.

Main engine 6DKRN -67/140-4

a) Motorclean cylinder-piston group, including overhaul of pistons and stuffingbox of rods. b) Upon the Register’s requirement press out the cylinder liners and clean the water jacket, renew packing rings. Submit to the Register, assemble, test tightness, operate. c) Overhaul end bearings. If necessary remetal detective ones, install in place by fitting on journals. Check oil clearances. Submit to the Register, operate. d) Overhaul main bearings. If necessary remetal. Measure subsidence of crank- shaft on the shackle, remove deflection. Submit to the Register. Assemble, fit on the journals, set oil clearances, operate. e) As above. Large-end bearings. f) Overhaul exhaust valves. g) Check tightening of connecting rods. ' h) Check and center movement. i) Check and center telescoping. 1) Overhaul and clean gas-turbo blowers renewing plummer bearings. m) Renew packing on the inlet in the crankcase of oil piping on telescope, balance the rotors in the workshop and submit to the Register. Insulate gas flue.

1.

Главный двигатель 6ДКРН67/140-4

sets

Custo­ mer's spare parts

pcs

pcs

pcs pcs pcs pcs sets sets

pcs sets sets

а)Произвести ^оточистку Ц П Г , включая к-т ревизию поршней, сальных штоков. .

Зим заказ­ чика

99

G)lIo требованию Регистра прсшзиести вы ирессовку т у л о к цилиндров с очлетшг. кои зарубаш ечпого пространства,заменой шг. уплогпительны х колец.П редъявить Р еги с­ тру, собрать, испытать на плотность', ■ , сдать в работе. и)П ронзвестн ревизш о головны х под-, ш лпников.В случае необходимости • • произвести заливку дефектны х , шт. установить на м есто с пригонкой по шейкам. П роверить масляные зазоры. П редъявить Регистру , сдать в работу. ^П р о и зв ести ревнзш р рам овы х подш ип­ ников.В случае необходим ости перезалить. Зам ерить просадку коленчатого шг. Бала но скобе, снять раскепы. П редъявить Регистру.С обрать,пригнать по шейкам, усы н овить м асляны е зазоры ,сдать в работе. . ‘ д)Т о ж е.М о ты л св ы е подш ипни ки. е)Г1р о извести ревизию выпускных клана- , нов. ; ж )П ронзвести проверку затяжки анкерных шт. связен. • ' з)П роизвссги проверку и цеш ровку д ви­ шт. • жения. к-т н)П роизвести проверку и центровку т е ­ лескопии. ' к)Г1ропзвестп ревизию и чистку газо- ■ к-т турбонагнетателей с зам еной опорных подш ипников, балансировкой роторов в цеху с предъявлением Регнстру.И золиро- к-т пать гао п ы х л .тр ак т. 2.

D ealing o f shafting

П одш иш ш кн налоировода

3.

Disassemble, clean lubiicaling-oil baths, inspect,'perform crack detection, take . measures. Subm it lo the Register. Assemble, measuie clcarances, operate. • Разобрать,произвести очистку масляных 'ванн,произвести осмотр,дефектацию обм еры .П редъявить Регистру . С о б р ать , произвести зам ер запоров,сдать в работе.

Speed governor Dismantle, takfc to the w oikshop, perform o f main engine preventive m aintenance, regulate on stand.W O O D LPCA- Renew all packings, grind in housing seats. 12 Operate.

pcs шт.

■pc

Регуллю р оборотов глав.двпг. ВУДБОРД РСА-12

Д ем он гпровать.доставить d цех, нроизвести проф илактический рем онт,регули­ ровку на сгенде.Зам енить все уплотне­ ния,притереть посадочны е места. Сдать в работе.

Oil cooler at . , camshaft oa ■ main engine

Dismantle the pipe pack, take to the w ork shop, perform chemical cleaning on oil and sea w ater side, renew protector, gaskets, '50% o f fastener, assemble, test, install, operate. ’ pc

Охладш ель масла рас­ предвала гл.двпг .

шт.

Д ем он тировать трубны й пакет, доставить . • в цех,произвести хнм.очистку со сторо­ ны м асла и заб о р т н о й ' воды , заменить . протекторную защ иту,прокладки,50% кре­ пежа, собрать , испытать , установить, ■ сдать в рабо ге. _

Air coolers o f main engine

Dismantle pipe packs, take to the work- shop, perform chemical, cleaning on the -air and sea •water side. Renew gaskets, 50% fastener and protectors Allcx assembling test with •• pressure, install in place, submit to the crew • ' while operating. • •' pcs

Охладители воздуха ' главною двигателя •

Д е м о н т и р о в а в трубные пакеты,доставить шт в цех,произвести хим. о чистку со сторо- ■ иы воздуха и забортной воды . Заменить •• прокладки, 50% крепеж а и протектор- •' ную защ иту. После сборки опрессовать,’ установим. па место,сдать в работе . экипажу.

/

t Fuel healer o f main engine

*•

^

i

Dismantle covers, take out pipe packs, take • • lo the workshop, perform chemical cleaning on the fuel and steam side. Renew packings,. 50% offastcner. After assembling test with pressure,submit Ip the crew while operating. "•

Л*-: •

*

. PCS *i*

\*

• Д ем онтировать, к р ы ш к и , -вынуть трубны е шт П одогрева­ пакеты,доставить в цех,произвести хим-, '■ тели топлива главного д в и ­ очнегку со стороны топлива и пара.'За- - ( меиить уплотнения, 50% крепеж а После" гателя сборки опрессовать.сдать экипаж у в ра-*! '• боте. . ’. • * ,г '

in

101

£l -»-V* f * I 7. *CJompressed air Open manholes, dean the internal"surface; ■ starting bottles perform erack detecti&n,subj^t',ft) the, у . ■ •, of main engine Register, paint according toth^yardV■. < ;.pcs technology, rqjak valves and fittings,-close, - pcs check tightness; regulate safety valves and , pcs submit their'blasting to theRegistcr />. ’ . ^ptjs' 2'

■" !i ■ Вскрыть горловину, очиститьвнутрен- • - шт. нюю поверхность,дефектоадть,предъявить Регистру,окрасить По технологии завода, произвести ремонт арматуру, закрыть, : • проверить на плотность, отрегулировать предохранительные клапанас предъявле. .иием их подрыва'Регистру.- - • ■ ■'

7.

Пусковые баллоны сжатого воздуха главного двигателя

8.

Diesel-genN2

Remove valves and fittings, covers, take oat pistons, open all bearings, open compart- i , / с ment of drives, remove fuel apparatus. t Clean and perform crack detection on all ' • components,'then submit to the Register. • Grind in valves, regulate fuel apparatus on J stand, submit to the crew. Wash the crankcase, rub, submit to the crew. Assemble,' • subinit to the Register while operating1 • >f set

Дизельгенератор N 2

Снять арматуру,крйшки^вьггащшъ'йорш-1'- к-т ни, вскрьггб ЪсёТ^йшипники, открйть! : I отсек приводов,снять топливную а»- < паратуру . Все детали очистить, дефекте-' ■ вать,предъявить Регйстру.Клапаны пре- ‘ тереть,топливную аппаратуру отрегу- ’ ’ лировать на стенде,предъявить коман­ де.Замыть картер,протереть,предъявить команде. Собрать,сдать в работе Регистру.

Gas turbo blowers of dies.gener..

Disassemble, clean from deposits and wash all components, perform crack detection and measure components, renew worn ones. Take rotor to4he work'sfiop, perform dynamic balancing. Submit to the Registef.'Assemble by renewing gaskets, 25% of fastener. Renew high temperature insulation and shell plating ' of exhaust header and exhaust-gas duct after m gas turboblowers. AsSfemble, submit to the Register while opefating. ■ ; pcs

9.

T Z \

„Custo­ mer’s paint Краска заказ­ чика

102

-r—'-Ктгт К

9. . Га^отурбонагревателн ДГ? ••

Разобрать,очистит>(дм^к нйромыть м.| все детали , проЙз$)1£ Ш ^ обмеры деталей,йнотёш ш ё'^^ i Ротор доставитьв цех,произИ&}ти дш!амическую баЛ^сировку.Пре;£ъявить \ Регистру. Собрать с заменой прбклЬд^к, 25% крепежа. Заменить высокотемпера­ турную изоляцию и наружную обшик^у выхлопного коллектора и газовыпуск- ’ ного тракта после турбонагревателей. Собрать,сдать в работе Регистру. '/ ,

10. Incinerator SP-50

Renew refractory lining and insulation of ^, baffle plate on loading equipment.

10. Инсинератор СП-50

Заменить выгоревшую футеровку и изоля- м2 цию заслонки загрузочного устройства.

1 1 . Auxiliary boiler a) Perform chemical cleaning on internal ; КСВВ 2500/7 surfaces, openboiler, clean from deposits, submit to the Register, close, renewpackkigs^ , 50% of fastener. • ! 3,: b) Clean heating surface on the fire side, с ) Dismantle safety valve, disassemble, perform crack detection, grind in, test with pressure* Assemble by renewing packings, 50% of fastener,, Regulate valve blasting, submit to- the Register. * d) Repair valves and fittings of boiiler: -main stop valve -upper blow-off v a l v e p c -lower Wow-off valve * -stop valve of main steam line -feedwater valve

sq.m.

pc

pc pc pc pc ''pc

11. Вспомога­ а)Произвести химочистку внутренних по- шт. тельный котел верхиостей, вскрытьтсйтел, очистить от КСВВ 2500/7 отложенин,предьявйТь Регистру,закрыть, произвести замену уплотнений, 50% кре­ пежа. '• б)Произвесгги очистку поверхности наг­ рева со стороны огня. в)Демонтировать предохранительный клапан,разобрать, дефектовать, притереть, о прессовать.Собрать с заменой уплотне­ ний,50% крепежа. Отрегулировать под­ рыв клапана,предъявить Регистру. шт.

103

1

. .....

—t----- ------- ■/-r~te.h----- ----- ---- —

.....3 '....

1

г)Пр6ювЕсти~ремонт арматуры котла: \ -клапан г;^Шзш'стопорЙы^1-~; ,. гюшшн верхнего щюдавания .ги а д а д ш !^ -клапан стопорньетгл^нрго паропрор^ца -1иштан/цитагеяьный 12. Wast e-heat

boiler KUP 300

*"**1'-5 —-*T „*-т——-r*_ T шт.. шт. шт.' шт. шт.

, la) Perform chemi^cleEmirig on the internai. / surfaces of pipes a a c i4 < ^ ,^ a i$ f> r. Орегц clean from deposits, submit to the Register. Close, rene^v packings, 5.0% of fastener. b) Clean heading si^rface on t,he fre.'side: ’ у ^' pcS: c) Dismantle safety: valve, cfisassembfe, •’ r perform.qrack* detection, gimd:in,te^t [и pressure^ Assemble ^renewing packings, ’ . 50% of,£a$ten£r. R^gi^ate blasting of valve, submit to the Register. pcs d) Repair valve» and fittings of boiler, - main jjtop v a l v e / ^ 'pci - main .stop valve on,the s^arator ’ pcs - valve од the.jyatCT inlet into the ЪоЙег 'pcs - valve,pn the .outlet of drculatioii yyaier ' froms^p,;.' pcs - lower bfow-off valve r* ! , pcs - steam-water mix inlet valve in sep ., pcs - feedwater valve . pcs - valve on,t]beroutlet,ofboiier. section pcs e) R^p,air^.*iifп е ^ е з & и у level indicators;,, М Ш К Е ^ В Щ Ш and f D ^ 1 5 / l ’^ ‘pcs

12. Утилизацион­ ный котел КУП-300

а)Произвесги химочистку внутренних по- шт. верхностейтрубок и сепаратора пар^. Вскрыть,очистить от отложений, цредъявить Регистру.Закрьггь,произвести заме­ ну уплотнений,50% крепежа. б)Произвести очистку поверхности наг­ шт. рева со стороны огня. шт. в) Демр^гтировать предохранительный клапан,раз6§рать,дефектовать^ притереть, опрер^ватъ.Собркть с заменой уплотне­ н и й ^ ^ крепежа. Отрегулировать под­ рыв клапана,предьявит>,Р^1^стру. г)Произвести ремо арматур ы котла: шт. -клапан главный стопорный -клапан гл, стопорный на сепа- шт. I раторе i-клапан на входе воды в котел шт.

_

104'

' itft.'

-клапан найыхоДе. leL продувания -клапан'вхойй пароводяной • смеЬи в сеп. ' -клапан питательный -клапан на вхоДё секции котла д)Произвести ремо1гг,в случае необходи­ мости гймёну сигнализаторов уровня Добрей тип вхм hxm is/i ; о

(

•

I

шт. Ш Т.

UTi. Ш Т. Ш Т.

т

...

‘ •

13. Fire pump discharge 90 cub.m. 17KB40x2 (Bulgaria)

Disdiantle punlp, carry out cOinplete dis^' assembly, cleaning and crack detecii0ti;6f 5 iCi components. Make and renew Шё worn ":?i components. Assemble by renewing packings, rx gaskets, 50% of fastener, ball bearings. Install in place, submit to the crew "While operating.1 pcs

13. Пожарный насос произвол. 90 м3 17KB40*2 (Болгария)

Демонтировать тасос, произвести полную Шт. разборку,очистку и дефектацию деталей. Изношенные детали изготовить и заме- ' нить. Собрать с заменой уплотнений, - ' ' " прокладок, 50% крепежа, шарикоподшип- ';Ч’’ ников.Установить на место, сдать коман-!: де в работе.

14. System piping

Dismantle defective part from the piping, ‘ tnake-a new one upon the!pattern, galvanize, . assemble by renewing gaskets,' 100 % of fastener, test, submit to the crew while ’ ’ operating: - new pipes for inlet and outlet of air coolers on dies.gener. * - cooling of dies.gener. between regulator AMOT and drain valve overboard. - cooling of air compressors, supply and outlet. - forced (emergency) cooling of air com­ pressors. Install intersecting valve. - cooling of main engine from sea water pump No 1. - cooling of conditioner CCR. Install intersecting valves - conditioner cooling in compressor compartment - conditioner cooling from pomp No 1 - cooling of refr. compressors - condensate piping of superstructure heating

m m m pc \ih m m m m

105

- heating piping tlNo. 8 on.djeck - piping SVZ. o n , >Д1 a/.. 14. Трубопроводы систем

. —m .

Демонтировать дефектный участок трубопроводу , по образцу юготовить новый,;• • оцинкбрать, собрать, с заменой прокла­ док, 1СКЖ> креп ё^и с1шт^,с^ать^кбман- ■ •де в работе: ' . j -новые патрубки входа и выхо­ да воздухоохладителей ДГ м. -охлаждение ДГ между регуля- м. тором АМОТ и отливным клапаном за борт -охлаждение воздушных компрессоров, подвод и отвод -принудительное (аварийное) охлаждение воздушных компрессоров.Установигь секущий клапан Д

м. шт

м.

-охлаждение ГД от НЗВ N I

м.

-охлаждение кондиционера ЦПУ

шт

-установить секущие клапана

м.

-охлаждение кондиционера в помещении компрессоров

м.

-охлаждение кондиционера от насоса N I

м.

-охлаждение реф. компрессоров м -конденсатный тр-д обогрева надстройки под плитами в р-не м ДГ -трубопровод обогрева T .N 8 на палубе м. -трубопровод СВЗ на баке .

106-

"г 15. С02 extinWeigh bottles/^ n e o E ^ ^ ^ ^ i^ g e by guishing system overhauling thefvalve and r^eWihg safety membranes. Submit to the Register.

15. Система углекис лотного тушения

Произвести вз^еойгвание баллонов,в случае необх6димЬс¥й Перезарядку гс ревйзией клапана-^зМеной предохранительных мембранПредъявить Регистру. >

bottles

бал.

107

REPAIRS, USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS «арматура 'донно-забортная арматура баббит

fittings,mountings sea valves babbit; beam, girder supporting beam упорная балка • shafi > ^ал propeller shaft,tailshaft гребной вал •tailshaft дейдвудный вал •tailshaft )сонцевой вал ■fan вентилятор Cdgnit dent кмятина ■water gauge glass водомерное стекло •blow down cup воронка верхнего продувания •suck element всасывающий аппарат в собранном виде in assembly • bush,liner, sleeve втулка втулка гребного вала ; • shaft bush ■valve sleeve втулка клапана • cylinder liner втулка цилиндра высота • height гидравлический • hydraulic [^ e iv d l • waved гофрированный 6ох иад-сс ■schedule,time-table график демонтаж ■disassembly,dismantling дефррмация....... r deformation диаметр diameter внутренний диаметр • inner/inside diameter i.
L 'g d id a j-

L K ent]-

108

КИЛЬ

боковой киль - bilge keel -vtdlgskeeli ^ ^ортрвойтпь г -1 V ) riveting клепка ! С '- crankshaft Коленвал -nng -! кольцо корпус - shell,c!asing,hull tip кромка j^aTyHb -brass лист - platelsjieet line М§Рт , - load liAe грузовая марка - foreman мастер - shop,workshop мастерская мотыль - crank - crankpin шейка мотыля набор инструментов - set of tools - building up наплавка - working, treatment обработка механическая обработка - machining - working of material способы обработки обрастание^ [ § г- ъ о $ ] - sea growth, fouling, shells обшивка - plating олово -tin описание -description , опыт - experience, know-how осмотр - examination, inspection, overhauling, survey -failure отказ ( оборудования,). .[ "f ^ .'Ц е 1 отливка [ 'I(Q; •• -casting очистка -cleaning ошибка,погрешность - error, mistake - superheater пароперегреватель паяльные работы - soldering переборка - bulkhead перезаливка ( ^ 1 - remetalling перелом г 'С г £ - fracture - reconstruction переоборудование питтинг - pitting пластина - plate, sheet площадь - area плунжер - plunger поверхность - surface поворот - turn повреждение - damage,defect погнутый - bent подводная часть корпуса r underwater shell plating подходящий „ - suitable поломка - breakage, breakdown, damage потеря - loss band, belt ПОЯС_ п ' -I сО l Ь

109

пояс обшивки судна - strake Ь N> ~ правила - rulfSj regnladohs предварительный [:> г!'[и о 'м л ^ г Л - preliminary представитель - representativeГ г е р м ^ е . U .M ) - claim претензияприменение ^application, use припуск, - allowance преттирк^ - grinding in - cause причина! просьба \ - request - spring пружинД рабспу'( механизмов ) - operation,runhing бесперебойная работа механизмов - trouble free operation длительная работа механизмов - continuous operation размер [ d Tif^en ^ U ^ ^ - dimension, size разрыв ( £ г >е - fracture,rupture район , ' - area в районе шпангоута N 6 - in way of frame No 6 распорка [breisi - brace расточка [b® ^ b o r i n g , bore расход топлива - fuel consumption расходдмер - flowmeter расчет - calculation, account(s) регулйровка -adjustment [ n ^ c ( l . mode of operation режим работы ; резец - cutting tool результат т result в результате - as a result [ cW ^ 11 s ^ -д-кЦ и advertisement (ad) реклама ремонт •5 repair, overhaul(ing) аварийный ремонт repair 4 emergency 1 I OtrrUlnUjjj warranty-repair гарантийный ремонт капитальный - major repair мелкии » minor repair текущий running repair ремонтная мастерская - repair shop рубашка (водяная) - water cooling jacket сварка - welding свинец_ U g L l .... .-lead сещря "[Л t (^)vA - section, unit слой - layer, coat(ing) C 'k u i состояние - condition, state 0 способ - method,way средство - means срок - time,date в кратчайший срок *щ STthe shortest time в сжатый срок - as soon as possible срок службы , - service life в указанный срок - by the time fixed срочна - urgently

[ W>e

110

сталь > нержгиаешхдад^аль стецень * степень повреждения в некоторой степени стоимость -' приблизительная стоимость стягивание | счет , счет на ремонтное работы твердость t твердый /к техника безопасности t технология < течь толщина точность требование трещина увеличение угол удаление удар_ уменьшение условие форма центровка чертеж жаростойкий чугун ширина

- steel - stainless steel - degree, extent ,- extent of damage - to some extent - cost,price - approximate cost (price) - tightening - account - repair account - hardness - hard - safety engineering - technology - leakage,leak - thickness - accuracy, precision - requirement - crack,fracture - increase,growtlyise - angle - removal - impact - decrease, reduction - condition - shape - alignment - drawing - heat-resisting cast-iron - width USEFUL VERBS

взвешивать включать включать (содержать в себе) восотанавливагь вращать вскрывать вставлять выбирать вывинчивать выводить из дока выгружать выключать вынимать выполнять (работу) выправлять (выравнивать) выпрямлять выпускать ( освобождать)

- to weigh - to switch on - to include - to restore - to revolve,to rotate,to turn - to open up - to insert,to set in - to choose,to select - to screw out - to undock - to discharge - to switch off - to remove - to carry out, to do (a job), to effect - to fair - to straighten - to release

I ll

вырабатывать ( производить ) вырезать , вырубать гарантировать. грузить двигаться) дегазировать дежурить действовать (воздействовать) демонтировать держать деформироваться договариваться дозаправиться доставлять дренировать забрызгивать заваривать заверять (документы) завинчивать заделывать зажигать закаливать заканчивать закрывать замедлять заменять (произвести замену) заменять частично замечать заполнять ( документы ) заряжать ' изготавливать , изменять измерять измерять глубину ( танков ) изолировать иметь задиры исправлять, испытывать испытывать на герметичность класть клепать коробиться красить красить заново нанести краску в два слоя маркировать месш ( подметать ) мьпъ мыть шваброй

- to output, to produce - to crop - to cut out - to guarantee - to load - to move - to degas - to keep watch - to affect - to disassemble, to dismantle - to hold, to keep - to be deformed - to arrange - to refuel - to deliver - to drain - to splash - to weld up - to validate - to screw up - to fix, to close - to light - to harden - to complete, to finish - to close, to cover - to slow down j- to replace, to renew, to substitute - to renew partly - to note - to complete, to fill in - to charge - to make, to fabricate - to change, to modify - to measure - to sound, to dip - to insulate [- to be scarred - to rectify - to test - to test for tightness - to put - to rivet - to buckle - to paint, to coat - to re-coat - to apply 2 full coats of paint - to mark - to sweep - to wash - to mop

112

наблюдать нагревать назначать назначать цену наматывать нанимать наплавлять направлять нарезать резьбу натягивать нести обеспечивать облицовывать обнаружить обслуживать обрабатывать определять определять степень повреждения ослаблять осматривать оставлять осушать отделять откладывать [ р£м S t 'р &Uril открывать отливать оценивать очищать паять передавать ( тепло и т.д. ) перезаливать перез аливать баббитом перекачивать переливать перемещать(ся) , , Ср-ечл, переоборудовать плавить L ^ e L t 1^ пломбировать повреждать поднимать подгаерждахьподходить (соответствовать) позволять покидать полоскать помещать помогать предлагать предназначать

- to watch - to heat - to assign - to charge - to wind - to employ - to build up - to direct - to screw - to strain - to carry - to ensure, to provide - to line up, to coat - to detect, to find - to serve, to service,to maintain(mex ) - to machine, to treat - to determine - to estimate the extent of damage - to loosen - to inspect,to examine,to survey, to overhaul - to leave - to drain - to separate - to postpone - to open - to cast - to estimate - to clean - to solder - to transfer - to remetal - to re-babbit - to pump - to overflow - to shift - to reconstruct - to melt - to seal - to break, to damage - to lift, to raise - to confirm - to match - to allow, to permit - to leave - to rinse - to place - to help, to assist - to offer - to, design

113

предохранять предупреждать предупреждать поломку прессовать (давить,прижимать) прибавлять приводить в движение приглашать [ irW aitf пригодиться L.^ u ’sfujll пригонять L 1j прикреплять применять принимать меры принимать меры предосторожности/ „/ гфйнимать сделанную работу jVprU’vi притирать причинять пришабривать пробовать проверять продувать производить (генерировать) производить (выполнять) производить (вырабатывать) проливать(ся) проникать [ ре пускать (машину) П Ы ТаТЬСЯ ' к-о

работать разбирать развивать мощность разгружать разделить размещать заказ располагать растачивать расходовать расширяться регулировать резать рекламировать рекомендовать ремонтировать рубить руководить сваривать сверлить связывать (между собой) связываться с кем-то скреплять скручивать

^ ген]

f г iп I

- to protect - to l warn - to prevent damage - to press - to add - to drive - to invite - to be useful - to fit - to fasten,to attach - to apply, to use - to take measures - to take precautions - to approve of the work done - to grind in - to cause - to scrape - to try - to check, to test - to scavenge - to generate - to effect - to produce - to spill - to enter, to penetrate -to start -to try - to operate, to run - to dismantle - to develop power - to discharge - to separate, to divide - to place an order (with) • to place, to locate - to bore • to consume, to- spend • to expand • to adjust - to cut • to advertise • to recommend • to repair • to chip ■to direct, to be in command • to weld up ■to bore, to drill ■to inter/connect to contact smb ■to fasten, to fix ■to wring

114

случаться (происходить) смазывать смеШивать снабжать снимать показания 'бнимать ржавчину [ ^ i|>] [_ г- л соблюдать правила соглашаться [ 1 г- Ч \ соединять сообщать составлять справляться^ t к РI спускать сравниватьаоюдс!'. [ к ^ 11>t ставить в док стягивать считать (полагать) [ vc. i n ' S ' d b i 1 i*v] считать (подсчитывать) сушить тащнть [ d г у.] ^ [ рч[ ] тереть течь (пропускать) ТОЧИТЬ

требовать тянуть увеличиваться) удалять (вьшрессовывать) ударять удовлетворять требования укладывать [ S{з ч ] улучшать . уменьшать упрощать уравновешивать ускорять устанавливать устанавливать заново устраивать (подходить) устранять неисправность центровать циркулировать чистить чистить струей воды под давлением чистить щеткой шлифовать

- to/occur,to happen, to take place - tctdu, to lubricate - to mix - to^supply - to t£ke readings - to cjiip off rust - to fellow/observe, rules/regulations - to a^ree - to cdnnect - to inform - to n^ake up - tcycope with - to lower - to compare - to dock, to place in dock - to tighten - to think,to consider, to believe - to count - to dry - to draw,to pull - to rub - to leak - to sharpen - to require - to pull, to draw - to increase - to remove - to strike, to hit - to meet requirements - to stow - to improve - to decrease, to reduce - to simplify - to balance - to speed up - to install, to fit,to set up - to refit - to suit - to eliminate a fault - to align - to circulate - to clean - to clean by high pressure water vjet hosing - to brush - to polish

11$

CONVERSATIONAL s e c t i o n d ia l o g u e s w o r d s a n d e x p r e s s io n s

viscard-visiting £ard safety rules to get down to business instead of ' scope of work [ I in fUll to quote j[_ k. W 2 u tj to cancel additional up to you supplementary as soon as possible foreman dimensions ,. scantlings L^ ^’3^ as far as I understand as well as misunderstanding welding outfit I guess [ ^ I am pressed for time Well do our best tomind [ accordingly restoration repair L exhaust (gas) boiler coil bend waste heat recovery system lack

, ,

- визитная карточка - правила безопасностей - приступать к делу - вместо - объем работы - полностью - назначить цену^цава^ь расценку - аннулировать,отменить - дополнительный - на ваше усмотрение - дополнительный - как Ьюжно скорее - бригадир - размеры - размеры - насколько я понимаю - так же,как - недоразумейиё - сварочное оборудование -Я полагаю - Я спешу - Мы сделаем все возможное - возражать - соответствующим образом - восстановительный ремонт - утилизационный паровой котел * змеевик - колено,изгиб - система утилизации тепла - отсутствие

DIALOGUE 1 Ship Repair Manager Good afternoon! I am Mr Brown. IH be in charge of the repairs. • •~ ' Ship's Master How do you do Mr Brown? Glad to meet you. This is our Superintendent, Chief Engineer and this is our Chief Officer Ship Repair Manager- Nice to meet you, gentlemen. Here is my viscard. And here is our ship yard safety rules and regulations. Ship's Master : Thank you. And now let's get down to business. We'd like to discuss some repair list items. Ship Repair Manager- Let's start from item 2 Bo^ttop sandblasting. Chief Engineer: Only 10% of the surface instead of 30% which is 200m2.

116

Ship Repair Manager;|fo.К. Item 3 Boottop painting. ■, Chief Engineer: 6«xoats of paint to be applied instead of 5. Ship Repair Manager ifem 4 . Bilge keels. Chief Engineer : Tq be cancelled. Ship Repair Manager Item 5. Chief Engineer : The? scope of work to be determined after inspection. Ship Repair Manager: Item 6. Chief Engineer : To be checked. Ship Repair Manager: Iran 7. Chief Engineer : Tti be done in foil. Ship Repair Manager: Item 8 It's not clear which work is quoted. Superintendent : OJKT. We'll settle this problem during the meeting with the financial director of the yard.This work may be requoted.. > Chief Engineer : You'see, as a number of items have been cancelled I think well be able to make some additional repairs. Ship Repair Manager: Up to you. But please get ready the supplementary repair list as soon as possible. Chief Engineer : It will be ready tomorrow morning. How often shall we meet? Ship Repair Manager: П1 be on board every morning at 10. Besides we'll have a general meeting of all the foremen at 10 each Monday. Ship’s Master : Well, it suits us perfectly. When are you going to place our ship in dock? Ship Repair Manager: In two days, I think. The ship will be connected to the shore power supply. By the way, how much power do you need? Chief Engineer : 120 k.w. And what about cooling water for the refrigerator? ; -• Ship Repair Manager: Cooling water will be provided throughout the repairs And as soon as the ship is docked we'll connect the ship's fire fighting to shore mains at two points. Ship's Master : And when are you going to make telephone line connection? Ship Repair Manager: As soon as the ship is dry-docked.

DIALOGUE 2 x 't Ship Repair Manager: Let's discuss the work for tomorrow. Chief Engineer : I think you will start with the piston rings. Some 150 piston rings are to be cast and machined. We need six cylinder liners. The exact dimensions (scantlings), material and working of material are all stated in the working drawings. Rough dimensions of the rings are as follows: diameter - 450 mm, height - 12 mm, width -12 mm. Sipp Repair Manager: As far as I understand the liners to be made o f.cast iron with Brinnel hardness of 180 units and the rings to be made Of the same material but with hardness

117

figure five unitsjiiigher. O.K, we'll start casting tomorrow itiotfimg. Chie? Engineer . And what *£bout inspection of the hull ? The scope oi sandblasting hasn't been determined yet. Ship Repair Manager- Don’t Worry! We may go into the dock-arm just now and inspect the hull for rust as well as the rudder for sea growth \ Chief Engineer : О. K. That s settled By the way you didn't weld the cracks in the piston head yesterday. Why? Ship Repair Manager: I am Sony. There was some misunderstanding. We'll bring the welding outfit tomorrow and do all the necessary welding And now let's go into the dockarm. I guess, the mo^t bulky work is cleaning, scraping, chipping off the rust and painting the ship's bottom. Chief Engineer : Right you kre. * # * DIALOGUE 3 - Good morning, Mr Brown! Would you like a cup of coffee ? - No thanks. I am pressed for time. What did you want to see me about? - I'd like the main bearings to be rebabbited and bored out. The babbit metal should contain not less than 83 per cent of tin You should follow as closely as possible the dimensions and shapes of the old bearings The oil grooves should be scraped out as in the old ones. -O .K We'll do our best. Ву the way the valve which was sent to the repair shop is ready for inspection. When would you like to go there and check it? - At 10 am. tomorrow if you don't mind -O .K That's settled. See you later. * * * DIALOGUE 4 - Good morning, Mr Brown. I am sorry, but the work in tank No 2 hasn't been started yet. - Yes, but there is some water in the tank and we can't work there As soon as you drain the water out well start the work. - О. K. I’ll call the boatswain and well settle the problem. By the way how much time will it take you to complete the work in hold No 1? - About 3 days, I think. - 1 am sorry to say but I am not satisfied with the quality of painting in the hold I think you should apply another coat of paint - No problem, Chief Engineer. I'll instruct the foreman accordingly *

*

*

118

DIALOGUE 5 Chief Engineer : How do you do, Mr Brown! I’d Шее to remind you that according to the instruction ofihe shipowners we have included the restoration repair b f the exhaust boiler economiser and evaporator in tfie supplementary repair list. Ship Yard Representative: What kind of the exhaust boiler is installed on your ship? \ Chief Engineer: It is a coil type exhaust gasfboiler. S. Y. R. : How many economiser coil^ дге to be renewed? Chief Engineer : 48 ^ S. Y. R. : What about evaporator coils? Chief Engineer : 64 > S. Y. R. : How many bends have the cops? Chief Engineer : An evaporator coil has 9 bends and an economiser coil has 5 bends. S . Y. R. : What is the diameter of the coil tubes'? Chief Engineer : The outside diameter is 29 mm. S. Y. R. : The tubes of such diameter are not in stock just now. But we can offer you the tubes of 27 mm in diameter. Chief Engineer : In this case only replacement of the economiser coils will be included in the repair list. You see coils fabricated from tubes of smaller diameter will reduce the heating surface of the evaporator which will not ensure the normal operation of the waste heat recovery system. S. Y. R. : As far as I understand you are ready to confirm cancelling replacement of the evaporator coils from the repair list, aren't you? Chief Engineer : Yes, we are. But please write a letter to our shipowners about lack of tubes of the required diameter in your shipyard stock. BUSINESS LETTERS WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS f to consider 'с -рассматривать , > concerning £ К "sm1 с, d 1 n : ^ - относительно , ко as regards to - относительно a/m=abovementioned - вышеупомянутый requires further consideration - требует дополнительного обсуждения to exceed - превышать as per _ согласно sheet L -таблица suggestion ^ V eld est -предложение , as to - относительно to take into consideration p (_ _ - принимать во1внимание' We regret having to note И j _ Мы, к сожалению, вынуждены заметить in spite of L s p d it\ -несмотряна ( to make efforts ^ {_ »£ f > 1 1 - приложить усилия to date - до настоящего времени, к настоящему времени

С

иУ promise [,' p г m i s ] -^б^щание t - ^представлять to submit - расписание schedule • | - вручать | to hand over current - Текущий ! [ ’S Лb S i k. ^ ъ I - последующий , ^ 1 subsequent in order to - для того, чтобы [ s 1^э id ^ - избегать , )^мАх>'^>льи1 j осй-cSo to avoid misunderstanding - недоразумение [ | к 1р ^ J, _ Дополнительные расходы • extra expenses at your earliest convenience [ к V f: можно раньше u inclusive i r,' k [ ^ " включительно notice -Извещение / t

i

LETTER 1

f

Dear Sirs, After considering offers of three firms and meeting with your representative Mr. Dityatev concerning the hull painting of the m/v "A" we decided to use your services in paints supply and painting work quality control of the a/m vessel at the shipyard... The offer made by us before as regards to the scope of hull painting requires further consideration. As the hull floating part is in good condition and sandblasting is not to exceed 10 per cent ( of the whole surface), boot-topping is to be painted as per Baltoflake sheet the hull underwater part as per previously agreed sheet with possible correction of the scope of painting after dock inspection. Please let us have your suggestions as to sheet and scope of the ship painting taking into consideration the hull state and our wishes. Yours faithfully, LETTER2 Dear Sirs, We regret having to note that in spite of all our efforts made to carry out repairs in the shortest possible time and with a minimum of difficulties to date the minimum possible scope of work has been done. In spite of Ship Repair Manager - Mr. Brown's promise to submit the repair work schedule on Monday, December 12, it has not been handed over to the ship's staff yet which doesn't make it possible to get ready the ship, mechanisms and personnel for carrying out repairs for the current and subsequent davs. In order to avoid misunderstandings, extra expenses and to make our mutual efforts in carrying out repairs most efficient please submit at your earliest convenience the work schedule up to December, 21 inclusive. Please carry out any work only at a 24 hours’ notice for the ship's staff. Yours faithfully,

120

SHIPYARD’S SAFETY RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR COMPLIANCE BY SHIP PERSONNEL AND THEIR HIRED CONTRACTORS 7

compliance contractor to hire to certify pefs&nnel vali^ penhit in the vicinity actuation cargb/stripping valve to render inoperative fuse confined space approval to demarcate source appropriate fear flammable environment to prove hazardous in way of warning intention access opening to create extensive .to anticipate emergency exit in the event of occurrence swift priority pollution garbage combustibles explosion soot ash other than yellowish afloat to attempt id

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS соблюдение ( правил ) подрядчик нанимать| удостоверять персона^л £ действительный ( о документе ) разрешение в'райо^

^

х л '“

приведение в действие грузовой клапан ( на танкере ) вывести из действия плавкий предохранитель ограниченное пространство одобрение разграничивать источник соответствующий опасение воспламеняющийся окружающая среда, зд: место оказываться опасный в районе предупреждение - намерение отверстие для прохода или доступа создавать , обширный ожидать ‘ аварийный выход в случае случай быстрый , Слсо^~&-х-' приоритет загрязнение мусор горючее взрыв сажа, копоть пепел • кроме желтоватый на плаву пытаться

121

to jnitkfe in advance

[ i' n i $111

_ начать,приступить v - заранее /

1. Safety Meeting On arri\,al of the vessel,a safety meeting would be arranged by,the Ship Repair Manager with the ship's crew.Included in the meeting would be the Superintendent,Captain, Chief Officer and Chief Engineer. This meeting will ensure that the ship's crew ;are made aware of the yard's requirenients on safety. I ! I 2. Periinit-To-Work System Any 'hot-work' undertaken on any part of the vessel must first be certified by a Safety personnel and a valid 'hot-work' permit obtained before cotnjmencing the Tiot-work'. This certificate must be displayed in the vicinity of the 'hot-work' area. 3. Actuation of Hydraulically Controlled Cargo/Stripping Valves. The controls of these valves should be rendered inoperative by removal of the fuses of the hydraulic motors. These fuses should be kept by the Master or Chief Officer of the vessel. On no condition should these valves be actuated in tanks and other confined spaces certified fit for 'hot-work' without the prior approval of the Safety Department or the Ship Repair Manager. Also the control room should be locked at all times to prevent unauthorised entry. 4. Manually-Controlled Cargo/Stripping Valves These valves should be made inoperative by securing them with chains and padlocks to prevent their accidental operation for tanks and confined spaces certified fit for 'hot-work'. 5. Bunker/Fuel Oil Tanks All bunker tanks containing fuel oil must be demarcated.Should there be high gas content detected,these spaces must be ventilated.There should be no 'hot-work' or any source of ignition in the vicinity of these tanks. 6. Ballasting and De-Ballasting Operations and Procedures Proposed ballasting and/or de-ballasting processes onboard vessels must be first brought to the attention of the Safety Officer or the Ship Repair Manager so that appropriate safety precautions could be taken to prevent unnecessary accidents and fires.This is to ensure that all 'hot-work' in the tanks is stopped for fear of accidental discharge of flammable oil from the pipelines/valves into the working environment.

122

7. Dismantling of Valves/Pipelines/Heating Coils in Areas Fit for ’Hot-Work' No dismantling of valves/pipelines/heating coils are allowed in those areas certified fit for hot work.This is to prevent accidental discharge of oil or flammable vapour i,nto 'hot-work' areas, i ' ' 8. Turning of propeller and Rudder Such work operations in dry dock could prove hazardous should workmen be wbrking in the outboard in way of the stem area.Prior warning of such an intention must be communicated to the Fitters Afloat Department or the Safety Department so that adequate preventive measures could be taken to eliminate accident risks. 9. Smoking Smoking is strictly prohibited in the engine, boiler and pump rooms and in all confined spaces. In addition to the above areas, smoking is also not permitted on the main deck except in designated area like poop deck. 10. Engine Room Access Opening This opening is to be created in way of the engine room shell plate when extensive production work is anticipated in the engine/boiler spaces so that it may serve as an emergency exit in the event of any dangerous occurrence when swift evacuation becomes an urgent priority. 11. Oil Pollution Under the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea Act, 1971, no oil or garbage is to be discharged into Singapore Water. 12. Combustibles Onboard Contents and locations of fuels, paints, ropes, chemicals and etc., should be made known to the Safety Officer onboard the vessel so that additional precautions could be taken to prevent fire and explosion. 13. Air Pollution Under Regulation 88 of the Singapore Port Regulations 1977, no one should cause the emission for a period of five minutes or more of any kind of smoke, soot, ash, other than thin white or yellowish smoke. 14. Blow Down of Boilers Blow down of boiler hot water into engine room bilges could be hazardous should workmen be working in that area. Prior to blow down, the water must be allowed to cool and discharged into sea when the vessel is afloat through any of the boiler running down cock/valves. If blow down is attempted when the vessel is in dock, it could be done before drydocking. Prior

123

warning of such indention must be communicated to the Ship Repairjjfoanager or Safety Department so that ^adequate precautions could be initiated to eliminate accident risks. i -! 15. Hazardous Operations _> Hazardous operation^ such as bunkering, transfer of fuel oil, firing of boiler apd,testing ,of derrick^shduld be in 'advance s q appropriate safety- measiires ebyld be initiated by the vessel’s Safety Ccy-Ordination Committee. WELDING - SAFETY RULES WORD AND EXPRESSIONS caution dangerous to be blinded spark arm leg bum (burnt,burnt) helmet wear (wore,worn) goggles boot rubber glove apron overalls sleeve cuff concrete

- предостережение - опасный - быть ослепленным - вспышка, искра - рука - нога - гореть - шлем - носить - защитные очки - ботинок - резиновый - перчатка - передник Л- комбинезон - рукав - манжет - цемент

124

Weldiiifj - Safetyllules ----------------------------

f

* ------- "

,

(

CAUTION: W aking can be dangerous. Any off these accident» might Ipappen to you: (a) you could be blinded by sparks; (b) you cfeuld get an electric shock; id your face, body, arms, legs or feet could be burnt; (d) there could be a fire in the workshop.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING 1 A m ask or helmet must be worn in electric arc wekfing. (In gas wekling, goggles can be usedj 2 Ctpthes must be kept dry and dean. 3 Thick, heavy boots must be worn. These must be made of som e insulating materiel such as rubber. 4 Gloves, end apron and a cap must be worn. 5 O v e rall must have long sleeves and no pockets or cuffs. W O RKSHO P • The floor must be made of concrete. 7 There must be a metal container on the floor for the sparks.

125

CHAPTER 11 THE ENGINE DEPARTMENT. “DUTIES. WATCH KEEPING. PERIODIC SAFETY ROUTINES. WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS - дипломированный - быть ответственным перед кем-либо, подчиняться кому-либо to be responsible for - быть ответственным за что-либо - окружающая среда environment implementation - осуществление, выполнение policy : политика performance - работа supervision j- наблюдение adoption .- принятие protection - защита to assign - назначать - принимать вахту to take over the watch particularly - особенно engineer being relieved - механик, которого сменяют relieving engineer - сменяющий механик - ознакомиться с чем-либо to familiarise oneself - постоянный приказ, инструкция standing order - подтверждать to acknowledge signature - подпись prompt - быстрый response - ответ, реакция in the vicinity - тблхзостк, в районе to respond - отвечать, реагировать rapidly - быстро to be engaged in - заниматься чем-либо to conduct duties - выполнять обязанности at least - по крайней мере reasonable - приемлемый storage room - склад, х{эашилтце circuit - цепь skylight - световой люк to grease - смазывать smooth гладкий, плавный licenced to be responsible to

THE ENGINE DEPARTMENT. At the head of the Engine Department is the Chief Engineer ^vho is assisted by, three licensed engineers: Chief Engineer Second Engineer / 1 st Assistant Engineer Third Engineer / 2nd Assistant Engineer Fourth Engineer / 3rd Assistant Engineer

126 I

T; Chief Engineer is responsible to the master for engine department and the safety of +he crew,;rhachinery and environment directly withiA its control. t TJie implementation of the company's policies. -1 T^ie onboard discipline of all the engine department officers and crew. ТЪе safe operation of the vessel's machinery and technical plant. The monitoring of performance of the main propulsion and auxiliary machinery. Ti»e accurate monitoring and control of the versel's fuel alnd lubricating oil consumption and the Status of fuel and lubricating oil bunker quantites. \ ille bunkering operations. The maintenance of the ma£n propulsion, auxiliary machinery, carjjO handling and deck machinery. \ /The compliance with statutory and classification survey requirements as regards machinery. ТЪе reporting of any accident or damage to the vessel's machinery. The safeguarding of owner's and Company’s interests at all times. The training ofjEngineer Cadets. The Second Engineer /1 st Assistant Engineer is responsible to the Chief Engineer for: Deputising for the Chief Engineer in his absense or if he is unable to perform his duties. Preparation of the main propulsion plant for sea. The day to day operation of the main propulsion plant. , The organisation and supervision of the engine-room watchkeepers. The organisation and supervision of the engine department staff. The adoption of safe working practices on board. The protection of the environment. The maintemance of the main propulsion and auxiliary machinery, cargo handling and deck machinery. The efficient operation of all Emergency equipment. The Third Engineer / 2nd Assistant Engineer is responsible to the Second Engineer / 1 st Assistant Engineer for: the maintaining of an engine-room watch, the maintenance of all plant with particular attention to the main propulsion engine, auxiliary engine and boilers, the adoption of safe working practices, ' the other duties assigned to him by the Chief Engineer and Second Engineer / 1st Assistant Engineer. The Fourth Engineer / 3 rd Assistant Engineer is responsible to the Second Engineer / 1 st Assistant Engineer for the maintaining of an engine-room watch, the maintenance of all plant with particular attention to compressors and pumps, the adoption of safe working practices, any other duties assigned to him by the Chief Engineer or Second Engineer / 1 st Assistant Engineer. WATCHKEEPING. Prior to taking over the watch the Engineer of the watch is to examine all machinery and plant particularly the steering gear,refrigerating plant, boilers, main and auxiliary engines and

127

auxiliary equipment. 7They must inspect all fuel and .lubricating oil pipework?ior leakage. Any defects mus* be imme'diaiely reported to the Engineer of the watch being relleVsd. The Engineer being relieved is to inform the relieving Engineer of the status of all plant, service tanks and suctions in use and any defects which call for special attention. On taking over the watch the Engineer of the watch is to familiarise himself with the standing orders and instructions in the Chief Engineer Order Book and to acknowledge these instructions by his signature. While keeping a watch at sea or in port the Engineer of the Wa+ch is responsible for the safe and efficient operation of all equipment and machinery, the safety of all personnel in the machinery spaces in'd for the prompt and efficient response to order from £he Bridge or Cargo Control Station.'Д main engines are operating under Engine Room (Control the responsible Engineer/shall remain in the vicinity of the engine controls in order to respond rapidly 16 telegraphed orders. When personnel are engaged in maintenance or other duties within the machinery spaces, the Engineer of the watch shall ensure that they conduct their duties in a safe and efficient manner. PERIODIC SAFETY ROUTINES In addition to watchkeeping and maintenance duties various safety and emergency equipment must be periodically checked. As an example the following inspections should take place at least weekly: 1. Emergency generator should be started and run for a reasonable period. Fuel oil, lubricating oil and cooling water supplies and tank levels should be checked. 2. Emergency fire pump should be run and the deck fire main operated for a reasonable period. All operating parameters should be checked. 3. Carbon dioxide cylinder storage room should be visually examined. The release door should be opened to test the alarm and check that the machinery-space fens stop. 4. One smoke detector in each circuit should be tested to ensure operation and, correct indication on the alarm panel. Aerosol test sprays are available to safely check sortte types of detector. 5. Fire pushbutton alarms should be tested, by operating a different one during each test. 6. Any machinery space ventilators or skylights should be operated, and greased, if necessary, to ensure smooth rapid closing. 7. Fire extinguishers should be observed in their correct location and checked for operation. 8. Fire hoses and nozzles should also be observed in their correct places. The nozzles should be tried on the hose coupling. Any defective hose should be replaced. 9. Any emergency batteries, e.g. for lighting or emergency generator starting should be examined. 10. All lifeboats engines should be run for a reasonable period. Fuel oil and lubricating oil levels should be checked. , .. ... 11. All valves and equipment operated from the fire control point should be checked for operation, where this is possible. 12. Any watertight doors should be opened and closed by hand and power, th e guides should be checked to ensure that they are clear and unobstructed.

128

A GUIDE FQR ENGINE STORES F lat

D ial G a u g e

M e asu re for S o u n d in g

3

Ф

M icrom e te r (O utside)

C lo th T a p e M e asu re

Vernier C a lip e rs

Spring Balance

(L

=

Tap & R o u n d Die

Spanner (Single Ended)

C r3 File H a n d le

C h is e l (O il G r o o v e Cut)

F lash ligh t

i S te e l W a s h e r

Spanner (Double Ended) H a n d H am rrier

S m ith T o n g s

L iste n in g R o d

S c i s s o r s for B a c k in g

S c is s o r s f o r M e ta l

W ire R o p e S lin g

M a n ila R o p e S lin g

15 mm A ir H ose S m ith H a m m e r With Nozzle

:b=b> © B o lt & N u t

С

I S tu d & Nut

15 mm Flexible Metal Hose

S p lit Pin

O il H o p p e r

C a n v a s C lo th

S t e e l P la te

S h a c k le

O il Fee der

S c a f fo ld in g P la te

G a lv a n iz e d S te e l S h e e t

Beam G rab

O il F e e d e r (S y rin g e )

O il M e a s u r e s

©

« /T \

0

f t

In sid e C a lip e r s B o x S p a n n e r

Clinom eter

Outside Caliper

A d ju stab le W re n c h

M a rk in g Scrib e r

C om pass

P ip e W re n ch

=

О

Lead H am m er

Wooden Hammer

<■~ P a c k in g K n ife

Screw J ac k

T h erm om eter With holder

P a c k in g T ool

H a c k sa w Frame Sledge Hammer & H a c k sa w

'herm om eter S u rface P la teSlO O *C A lcohol

S cre w d riv e r

C h ip p in g H am m er

S cre w d riv e r ( C r o s s H ead)

Scraper (Rat & Bamboo Leaf)

u

-a=>

iS Surface Gauge

Round

•^ 3

о

T achom eter

c*~- ~

P a r a lle l V ice

L e g V ice

/*

A lu m in u m F o o t S to o l

C o p p e r or S te e l S h e e t

C hain B lo c k

G r e a s e F um p

Shoe M at

S t e e l Bar

C ro w B a r

O il P a n with S tra in e r

E n g in e R o o m D esk

S t e e l W ire

• v Thermometer Straight E d g e 500 "C Mercury

S q u a re

P o rta b le G rin d e r

Feeler G a u g e

P o rta b le E le c tric D rill

Ste el S c a le

Straight >hank D rill

P lie rs

File (for W hite m etal)

_ Q

P a in t Scrap e r

C a n te r P u n c h

Bench V ice

W e t S to n e w ith B e d

W edge

W a te r B u c k e t

B la c k b o a r d

Valve H an d ie Spanner

W ire /B ru s h

E ye B o lt

F orge with Hearth

P a in tin g B r u sh

W a ste B o x

Anvil with W ooden Bench

P a in t C a n

Y - Type S tr a in e r

S p e c t a c le

F lange

A.

File 3 0 0 m m

- о QЛ File 2 0 0 m m

C u ttin g P u n c h

O il S to n e w ith B e d

C h is e ls (F la t & C ro ssc u t)

T orch Lam p

U BoU

-■Г «Л.

. _ -- 1 • л-%

ОТЯ|),ЖМг^аяЬммм***»г МаЫг

s u p p ly р |р «

plumbfriofixtures водопроводы^* арматура

да a and w a te r a p p lia n c e s газовое и водопроводное оборудование

ч

п о д в о д о м труба

fluaMna laWr fleverl

trap (anti-syphon trap) сифон-

-t

supatap кран для питьевои воды

(

mixer tap (Am/ mixing faucet) for washbasins кран-смеситель для умывальные раковин

pipe-cutting machine трубоотрезмой станок

extendible shower attachment насадка с аэратором настенный водоразборный кран flushing valve переливное устройство (сифон) spindle top настенный туалетный кран вентильная головка с жестко закрепленным изливом shield сальник plumber's tools, gas fitter’s tools

g a s pliers клещи для газовых труб

pipe repair stan d стенд для рем онта труб

water tap (pillar tap) for washbasins туалетный кран для умывальных раковин

инструменты водопроводчика, инструменты газовщика

footprints плом б ир (щ ипцы д ля оплом бирования)

se alin g tape лента для герметизации

combination cutting pliers универсальные клещи - кусачки

—*Ц> pipe- w rench плоскогубцы с переносным расстоянием

p incers клещи

round- nose p lie rs кругло губцы

ftat-no se pliers п лоскогубцы

nipple key гайковерт

Й Э "-3 adjustable S-w rench разводной S -образны й гаечный .........ключ

sc re w ^ епсЬ развод ной франц. гаечный ключ

■ shifting spanner р азвод ной гаечный ключ

(£ = = = = ^ _ 1 hand saw ручная пила

hammer молоток

screw driver отвертка

tin-lead solder оловянно-свинцовы й припой

(р гЬ о с э > ^

h a ck sa w fram e лучок для ножовочных полотен

Го club hammer рихтовочный молоток

c o m p ass sa w (keyhole saw ) выкружная пила (лобзик)

pipe cutter трубоотрезной станок (труборез)

soldering Iron паяльник

=55=

spirit level сп иртовой уровень (ватерпас)

У p ipe-bending * machine

h a n d d ie ручнаи «инторвэнзя голоАкя (вороток)

гибочный станок для труб

screw-cutting machine (thread-cutting machine) амнтонарвзмой (резьбонарезной) станок

^ ste e M e g vtce (Am. vise) тиски со стальными захватам и

blowlamp (blow torch) {for soldering) паяльная л^м па

pipe vice (Am. vise) тиски для труб

O '/- former (template) ш аблон

430

Схема машинно-котельного отделения современного судна

1. главный двигатель main propulsion engine; 2. валоповоротное устройство main engine shaft turning device; | 3. насос забортной воды охлаждения главного двигателя main-engine sea-water coling pump; 4. насо< пресной воды охлаждения главного двигателя main-engine fresh-water cooling pump; 5. резервный насог охлаждения главного двигателя emergency main engine cooling pump; 6. насос циркуляционной смазкЯ главного двигателя main engine lubricating oil pump; 7. фильтр забортной воды главного двигателя m ■ engine sea-water filter; 8. фильтр масла для главного двигателя main-engine lublication oil filter; 9 топлив> подкачивающий насос fuel-oil supply pump; 10. испаритель паровой steam evaporator; 11. глушите ■ пускового воздуха главного двигателя main engine starting air damper; 12. питательный насос feed w a t « pump; 13. циркуляционный насос утилизационного котла hot well circulating pump; 14. вакуумна™ опреснительная установка vacuum evaporating installation; 15. насос перекачки котловой воды boiler wate transfer pump; 17. подогреватель топлива fuel oil heater; 18. сепаратор масла lubricating oil separator; I 19. подогреватель масла перед сепарацией preseparation oil heater; 20. насос перекачки топлива fuel d transfer pump; 21. насос перекачки масла lubricating oil transfer pump; 22, насос забортной воды охлаждения вспомогательных механизмов auxilliary machinery sea water cooling pump; 23. насос пресной вод| охлаждения вспомогательных механизмов auxiliary machinery fresh water cooling pump; 2 4 . резервный нас охлаждения вспомогательных механизмов auxiliary machinery emergency cooling pump; 2 5 ручной топливны' ы 1” насос manually operated fuel-oil pump; 26. дизель генератор diesel generator; 27. баллон пускового воздухг starting air tank; 28. ящик для ветоши waste collector; 29. сепаратор дизельного топлива diesel oil s e p a ra to l 30. стол верстак на одно рабочее место work table for one penscj^ 32. осевой вентелятор axial ventilator; 3 f l насос пожарный fire water pump; 35. осушительно-балластныи насос bildge pump; 36. насос добавочной фильтра prefilter pump; 37 фильтр забортной воды sea-water filter; 38. насос санитарной мытьевой водш sanitary washing water pump; 39. пневмоцистерна забортной воды pneumatic sea-water intake tank; I 40. пневмоцистерна пресной воды pneumatic fresh-water tank; 41. санитарно-бытовой водонагревателг water-heater for domestic needs; 42. насос горячей мытьевой воды hot washing water pump; 43. отопительмьи агрегат heating system set; 4 4. трап подъемный ladder; 4 5. монорельс monorail; 46. валовая линия prop I shaft tunnel; 47. цистерна сбора шлама ash-collecting tank; 48. бачок продувания фильтра filte r air tank; | 49. бачок раэбора масла service lubricating oil tank; 50. цистерна отстойная дизельного топлива disel > separating tank; 51. цистерна отстойная для тяжелого топлива heavy fuel oil separating tank; 53. бак мерньи^ топливный fuel oil measuring tank; 55. цистерна грязного топлива и масла used-up fuel-oil and lubricating-cl tank; 56. сепаратор моторного топлива diesel oil separator; 57. кингстонный ящик sea-valve box; 5 8. главньР тоубопоояол забоптной вопы main sea-water Dioina: 59. вентиляционный втпукопппяпп v»»ntilatino air-nine

131

.FOR MARINE ENGINEERS FLUENT IN ENGLISH }\ ENGINEERING HUMOR ' Pipe Specifications From a Chief Engineer • We Were AmusetJ By A Bit Of Engineering Humor. Here,\ye Would L’ke To Share It With You All pipe is ‘o be made of a long hole, surrounded by metal or plrstic centered around the hole I All pipe is to be hollow throughout the entire length - do not use holes 01 different length than the pipe \ \ / . / . The I.D. (inside diameter) of all pipe must not exceed the O.D (outside diameter) - otherwise the hole will be on the outside. j All pipe is to be supplied with nothing in the hole so that water, steam or other stuff can be put inside at a later date. All pipe should be supplied without rust - this can be more readily applied on the job site.( Some vendors are now able to supply prerusted pipe.If available in your area, this product is recommended as it will save a lot of time on the job site.) All pipe over 50 feet (15.2 M) in length should have the word 'long pipe' clearly painted on each end, so the Chief Engineer will know it is a long pipe. Pipe over 100 feet (30.48 M) in length must have the words 'long pipe' painted in the middle, so the Chief Engineer will not have to walk the entire length of the pipe to determine whether or not it is a long pipe. All pipe over 6 inches (152mm) in diameter must have the words 'large pipe' painted on it so the Chief Engineer will not mistake it for a small pipe. Flanges must be used on all pipe. Flanges must have holes big hole in the middle.

for bolts quite separate from the

When ordering 90,45 or 30 degrees elbows, be sure to specify right hand or left hand; otherwise you will end up going the wrong way. Be sure to specify to your vendor whether you want level, uphill or downhill pipe. If you use downhill pipe for going uphill, the water will flow the wrong \уф. All the couplings should have either right hand or left hand thread, but do not mix the threads - otherwise as the coupling is,, being screwed on one pipe, it is unscrewed from the other.

132

THE LIST OF QUESTIONS TO ANg^VER FOR A MARINE ENGINEER WISHING TO WORK ON A SHIP SAILING UNDER A FOREIGN FLAG r % - * GHHCOJK ВОПРОСОВ, КОТОРЫЕ ПРИ АТТЕСТАЦИИ ЧАСТО ЗАДАЮТ МЕХАНИКАМ, ПОСТУПАЮЩИМ РАБОТАТЬ НА СУДА ПОД j ИНОСТРАННЫМ ФЛАГОМ.

Прослушайте магнитофонную запись, попыт^тесь ответить на вопросы самостоятельно, затем сверьте ваши ответы с предлагаемыми вариантами ответов 1 . What is your name? ^ "ft 2. Haw are you? tvAKOlA ЪЬ\ . 3. Hciw old are you? С ко b R-AJ4. Are you married? ft'oi c 14л ' 'ol

KA< &СЖГО Ъъ\ а ^ 'А р \Т Ы 5. How long have you been married? 6. Have you got any children? или V ЬАс £ с Г Ы &&TU Do you have any children? EC[' Гo n v,o How many childrenlSo you have? What are they? К OWlA — 7. What does your wife do? < rro

ВА Ш . A- ' h C e W h .

8. Where do you live? f&E. 9. What do you do (for a living)? или What are you? Kro b b t(t\P o t< ? e c U ^ ) 10. What educational establishment did you graduate from and when? Which faculty did you study at? 11. How long have you been working as Chief Engineer (Second е я л р ь Бо ^

- ULM/tcC .

лч

- My n^me is - 1 am пл?, thanks. - I am 35 1(40,etc).

0^ 7 Sb4 c't' в И Э^\ Й-И ъьК < p o pr u с

- No, I are-smgfe. (не женат) divorced (разведен)

■ p

r Э(ДГЦЙ‘Я - 1 have been married lE years. N ( jYesTTbave. No, I haven’t. > g^es, I do.^) No, I d o n 4 ^ -----^ > - 1 have oae-ehild (two children: a boy and a girl). v>- My son is a schoolboy: My daughter is a student. a housewife (домохозяйка) a nurse (медсестра) - She is an engineer (инженер) a book-keeper tfzMAlL (бухгалтер) - 1 live in Odessa. J> (номер дома) Pushkins' (квартира) Odessa 270032 Ukraine. - 1 am a marine engineer. ■ ........ • ’ ■• - I graduated froifl the Odessa ^Marine— Academy in 198.4. 44£ x i 2. S - 1 studied at the Marine -Engineering faculty. - 1 have been working as Chief Engineer for 5 years. 40

133

12 Irlave you ever taken a refresher/ updafirig course (full time inservice training course)? ■i-> i. j анг „ X ' 13 Do you study English? Where do you study it? г A ~ 'j ,0 4^^ ^ Uvl • CM- i^e S4»0*’' 14. Do you know'that you'll nave a 4 ~ lot of problems if you don’t speak* English fluently(6enio)?

- Yes, I have taken it once(twice). I t . Vvas in . - No, I haven't. i - 1 study Eng[ish> t English language courses (или^Ьп myown - самостоятельно). /С - Yes, I doji 'brush up my English everyday. !

.J

- It was the^M/V ...-

15 What was the name of your last ship? jjo- • о f „ : 16 How long did your last voyage last?

- It lasted ..^months

17. Have you ever been on long voyages? i-оГ-т - - - C n

,, ,,r,U>-f fCM Л - " ь—^ ч-y^, - t .. • a\ 1 - • 7 18 How do you endure long voyages physically and morally?

- Yes, I have It was in 19__ .The voyage lasted ... months. - No, I haven't. - 1 endure them well enough.

• I am sure I will / ^ 19 Do you know that as а rale a _ ' ' - voyage on ships of our Company r . _. I have gone on long voyages before. Anyway it's my profession. lasts 8 or 9 months Will you ^ e i iov be able to^endure such a long voyace? I'J” ^ I,-. (I ■ c \y ,. re-.J ® 20 Did you work only for BLASCO? V--

-- ,

гс,э0 ч о г ;^

- Yes, I did I didn^T) Besides BLASCO I worked for ...

5,ы

Vv* 21 What ships did you work/sail on?

■^ - .

>-

- I worked on Ro/Ro vessels, ' box/container ships, conventional ships, dry cargo vessels/freighters, tankers, bulk carriers - They are (см ремонтную ведомость стР- 85 )

--

. 22 What are the main particulars of your last ship?

-л

___

23 Let's pass over to the engines ^ What are the main characteristics of "the engine installed on your last ship? f

N

N

> ' 1 'Л

X(

' f

- ‘ -.Г *

"

^

^

^

*'

'•

c

What is the type and the power
ком Г

г-о

.

i h

It is a /tiieseidl & W, two stroke, single acting, trunk piston (opposed piston, crosshead) type, medium (slow) - speed engine Its power is kwt It has 6 cylinders

i - 1

134

What is the frequency* of rotation? ■ i\ , 24. ,What problems did'you have : ^vvith this type of the ^ngne? _

• с

Li5MIave you ever worked on ships sailing under a foreign'flag? 0 Where was it? When was it?

^ 0How many snips sailing Under a . foreign flag have you! worked on? I What ships have you,vrorked on? 26. Would you like to work for our

27. Are you ready to complete all the papers/documents? 28. Are you ready to start your _ work soon? Pas ^ ’29. How often have you been involved in emergency exercises? 30. What procedures and instructions have you followed with regard to garbage disposal?

;

ц

The frequency of rotation-i/.. r.p.m. У ^^ - We had problems with ^ o t rm> It (They) went out of order: and we had to repair^replace) it (them). s - N o ,l h a v e n ^ j -» - Yes, I have. , I worked on the ship(s) ... j She is a container vessel.(см.допрос 21). i '* It was in 19__. I worked on the ship from 1$__to 19__ - Yes, I would, because as f^r as I know the conditions of work, and salaries are quite acceptable in your Company. - Yes, I am. - Yes. I amM can start my work any time you like. - Rather often. a) Distance from the shore should be more than 12 miles. b) The ship should be on sail. c) The oil deposits existing in the bilge water should be less than 100 ppm (parts per million). d) Bilge water discharging control system and separator should be installed on board. e) In the case of need for discharging the matter should be communicated to the port authority through the shipping agent.

135

5. USEFUL BUSINESS CONVERSATION FORMULAS ем могу быть полезен? v/Серде^но поздравляю вас с ... '/Желаю хорошо провести время . ^Не сделаете ли Вы мне одолжение ? ^ Конечно '/Обязательно Вы не* правы Вы ошибаетесь Вы тфдвы Между прочим Кстати Никоим образом В любом случае Действительно, на самом деле Договорились? Само собой разумеется Напротив Не беспокойтесь I Ничего ( не беда) Ничего подобного Что вы хотите сказать? Не думаю Я согласен с Вами Я согласен с вашим предложением Я того же мнения По-моему Я так и думал Тем лучше Похоже, что так и будет Об этом не может быть и речи Это дело первостепенной важности Насколько я знаю Судя по тому, как обстоят дела Взвесив все за и против В том, что вы говорите есть здравый смысл Это нелегко сделать Напрасная трата времени Из этого ничего не выйдет Это бесполезно Это бессмысленно Мы исправим это ■Я немедленно займусь этим делом В чем дело?

- What can I do fo/ you? - My best fcongratulations to you on ... - Have a good time. - Could y6u do me a favour? - Sure j Certainly - By all rh^ans. - You are [wrong. - You are mistaken. - Right {oy are. - By the w ay

- That reminds me - In no way

- Anyway - As a matter of fact - Settled? Agreed ? - It goes without saying -

On the contrary D on’t worry! N ever mind Nothing o f th e kind

- What do you mean? - I don’t think so - I agree w ith you ‘ I agree to y o u r proposal - I am o f the sam e opinion

- In my opinion = to my mind - I thought as much - So much the b etter

- It looks like it

<

' , j

- It is out o f th e question!

- It’s our top priority .. j - A far as I know -

The way things are ' - ' On balance I There is m uch reason in w hat you say It's not an ^ d sy thing to do It's w aste o f tim e

- That won't work - It's no use

- It makes no sense - We'll put it right - I’ll give this m atter my im m ediate attention - W hat's the m atter? W hat's up?

►136

Вопрос требует дополнительного рассмотрения Это неудачная отговорка Вы нам очень помогли Поживем-увидим Давайте перейдем к делу Я долго не задержусь Я буду держать Вас в курсе дальнейших событий При данных обстоятельствах Подводя итого Короче говоря Передайте привет

- 1 Ъе matter requires further consideration - It's a lame excuse -Y ou have been very helpful - We'll wait and see - Let’s get down to business - 1 shan't be long - I'll keep you informed of all the developments - Under the circumstances - To sum it up - In short - Give my best regards to ...

137

, J '1 6. U SE F U L F O R M U L A S T O W R IT E A B U S IN E S S L E T T E R s. i - \ t Н астоящ им сооб щ аю - This is to inform you - We are pleased to inform /advise you Мы с у д о во л ьстви ем сообщ аем - 1 regret to in fo rn /ad v ise you С сож алением сообщ аем Вам - We refer to y our letter (offer) dd (dated) Мы ссы лаем ся на ваш е письмо (предлож ение) о т ... - Referring to o u r letter o f ... Ссылаясь на наш е письмо о т ... - We confirm (acknowledge) the receipt... Мы п одтверж даем получение ... - We enclose wi'tlf th e letter o u r order Мы п р и л агав^ к письм у наш заказ - Please find herew ith enclosed П рилагаем при сем - W e shall be grateful if you Мы будем благодарны , если Вы... Если Вы это не сделаете - Failure to do this - W e will ap p reciate yo u r cooperation in this М ы будем б л агод ар н ы за ваш е содействие в m atter этом вопросе - W e are interested in ... М ы интересуем ся ... М ы м ож ем завер и ть В ас в то м - W e can assure you that... Н есмотря на все наш и усилия мы не смогли ... - In spite o f all o u r efforts w e have been unable to - Please despatch (deliver) ... in strict accordance П росим о тп р ав и ть (доставить) ... в строгом соответствии с наш и м и указаниями with our instructions - Please look into th e m atter П ож алуйста, рассм отри те это т вопрос М ы при ни м аем ваш е предлож ение - W e accept y o u r offer М ы отклон яем ваш е предлож ение - W e reject yo u r offer Мы сделаем все, что в наш их силах - We shall do o u r best М ы будем при знательны за скоры й ответ - An early reply will oblige М ы будем при знательны , если вы окажете - Y our prom pt atten tio n to this m atter этому делу н езам едли тельн ое вним ание will be appreciated

GENERAL LAY-OUT OF THE BUSINESS LETTER РАСПОЛОЖЕНИЕ ЧАСТЕЙ ДЕЛОВОГО ПИСЬМА Печатный ипамп компании Letterhead

1)

2)

4)

5)

7)

8)

Указание на ссылку Reference line

Наименование получателя Name of recipient

Внутренний адрес Inside Address

6)

Адрес получателя Address of recipient Указание на лицо, которое по желанию отправителя должно прочесть данное письмо Attention Line Вступительное обращение Greeting /Salution 9)

10)

Указание на общее содержание письма Subject line

Содержание письма Body of the letter 11)

Заключительное приветствие Complimentary Close

13)

Инициалы диктовавшего письмо и машинистки ____ Identification Line__________

14)

Указание на приложение к письму другие адреса ___Eclosures___________________

.16)

Постскриптум ( приписка ) P.S. ( postscript)

12)

Подпись Signature

15) Указание на копии, отправленные в CC.(carbon copy notation)

139

1\ О Б Р А З Е Ц

ДЕЛОВОГО, П И С Ь М А

Г

1) INGENIERIE MARITIME ЕТ COMMERCIALISATION HYDROLAND '

t

- г

t

82, avenue Marceau 75008, Paris I Tel: 7237864 - Telex 611470F \

2) L/i£ef.83c437 i ft

/

3) May 17th, 1995

4) Messrs BLASCO 5) 1, Lastochkina Ukraine 7) For the kind attention o f Mr. В 8) Dear Sirs, 9) Re: Inquiry for a bowthruster 10) Thank you very much for the interest you showed in Our products and especially in our rudder and bow propeller system. As promised we are forwarding to you in the enclosure 5 (five) sets o f our general documentation you asked for. Awaiting your prompt reply, 11) Yours faithfully, 12) Iohan A.BAAUENS 13)JAB:sn 14)5 Ends

LIST OF TELEX ABBREVIATIONS AN - TH A N ABT - A BOU T ARRD - A RRIV ED ATTN - A TT E N T IO N 1 ACCLY - A C C O R D IN G L Y ABV - A B O V E (A B O V E M E N T IO N E D ) ARA - A N T W E R P ,R O T T E R D A M ,A M S T E R D A M ADV - AD V ISE / ACCY - A C C O R D IN G L Y AWT - A W A ITIN G I A TN - A TT E N T IO N ASAP - AS SO O N AS PO S S IB L E B 2 - BE TO O BB - BYE BY E (G O O D B Y E ) B I B I BTW N - B E T W E E N BLA D IN G - BELL O F L A D IN G C/E - CH IEF E N G IN E E R CHRTS - C H A R TER ER S CP - CH A RTER PA R T Y С GO - CARGO CFM - CO N FIRM CHKD - C H EC K ED C N -C A N COM M - C O M M EN C E DTD - D ATED D /D -D TD -D A TED DIFF - D IFFICU LT DTLD - D ETA ILED EN G R - E N G IN E E R E ST - ESTIM A TED FR - FROM FM FY I - FOR Y O U R IN FO R M A T IO N FLLW F O L L O W IN G F R - FOR G TEED - G U A R A N T EED HS-HAS H L-H EAV Y LIFT IN FM -IN FO RM IM M Y -IM M ED IA TELY IN FO -IN FO RM A TIO N IN CL-IN C LU D IN G LH (S)-LO W ER H O L D (S ) M TIM E-M EA N TIM E M NY-M ANY M SG -M ESSA G E

-Ч Е М ' - ВО КРУГ, О К О Л О , O l П РИ Б Л И ЗИ Т Е Л ЬН О - П РИ БЫ Л -В Н И М А Н И Е > - СООТВЕТСТВЕННО - В Ы Ш ЕУ К А ЗА Н Н О Е .л - С О О БЩ И ТЕ / - С О О Т В ЕТС Т В ЕН Н О - О Ж ИДАЕМ -ВНИМАНИЕ - КАК М О Ж Н О С К О Р Е Й - БУ Д ЬТЕ ТО Ж Е - ДО С В И Д А Н И Я -М Е Ж Д У - К О Н О С А М ЕН Т - С ТА РШ И Й М Е Х А Н И К - Ф РА Х ТО В А ТЕЛ И -Ч А Р Т Е Р -Г Р У З - П О Д ТВ ЕРД И ТЕ - П РО В ЕРЕ Н О - М О Ж ЕМ - Н А Ч И Н А ТЬ - Д А Т И РО В А Н Н А Я -Т Р У Д Н О - В П О Д РО Б Н О С Т Я Х -М Е Х А Н И К =- ' - П РЕ Д П О Л А Г А Е М О Е * ; - О Т, и з - Д Л Я ВАШ ЕГ О с в е д е н и я : - СЛЕДУЮ Щ ИЕ

-для - ГА РА Н Т И РО В А Н Н А Я -И М Е Т Ь - ТЯЖ Ш ОВЕС - И Н Ф О РМ И РО В А Т Ь - Н ЕМ ЕД Л ЕН Н О - И Н Ф О РМ А Ц И Я -В К Л Ю Ч А Я - НИЖНИЕ ТРЮ М Ы - Т Е М В РЕ М Е Н Е М -М Н О Г О -С О О Б Щ Е Н И Е

141

MRNG-MORNING N-AND A-AND NTD-NOTED OWS-OWNERS PIC-PERSON IN CHARGE PL-PLEASE RYC-REFERRING TO YOUR CABLE RYTLX-REFERRING TO YOUR TLX RVT-REVERT R-ARE RPY-REPLY RQD-REQUIRED SUB-SUBJECT SGST-SUGGEST TOMO-TOMORROW TKS VM-THANKS VERY MUCH TKU-THANK YOU TFOR-THEREF ORE TD-TWEENDECK ТТДНТ-ТНАТ TDY-TODAY TMRW-T OMORROW TTL-TOTAL U-YOU USD-UNITED STATES DOLLAR UR-YOUR,URS-YOURS WP-WEATHER PERMITTING WL-WILL

-У Т Р О

<-и - О Т М Е Ч Е Н Н О Е , У К А ЗА Н Н О Е - ВЛАДЕЛЕЦ - ОТВЕТСТВЕННЫ Й - ПОЖ АЛУЙСТА - О Т Н О С И Т Е Л Ь Н О В А Ш Е Й РДО - О Т Н О С И Т Е Л Ь Н О В А Ш ЕГО ТЕЛЕКСА - В Е РН У Т ЬС Я К - ГЛ А ГО Л ТО BE ВО М Н О Ж Е С Т В Е Н Н О М ЧИСЛЕ - О ТВ ЕТ - ТРЕБУЕМ Ы Е -П Р Е Д М Е Т - П РЕ Д Л А ГА ТЬ -З А В Т Р А - О ГРО М Н О Е С П А С И БО - П О Э ТО М У -Т В И Н Д Е К -Ч Т О - СЕГОДНЯ -З А В Т Р А - О БЩ ЕЕ , ВСЕГО -В Ы -В А Ш И - Е С Л И П О ЗВ О Л И Т П О ГО Д А - П О К А ЗА ТЕЛ Ь Б У Д У Щ Е Г О В РЕ М Е Н И

.142

SUPPLEMENT ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ v'

У

ABBREVIATIONS OF MARINE ENGINEERING TERMS A,a AB(D)C abs AC,ac,a-c ACB AE alt-alternator am amp AMVER ao app appr APU ARC ast

AT(D/C athw atm aux avg AWCMP awp BAR batt ВВ b.b. ВВС bbe BD BDC

- anode анод _r - after bottom(dead) centre за нижней мертвой точкой - absolute абсолютный I - alternating current переменный ток I - automatic circuit breaker автоматический выключатель \ - air escape отвестие для выпуска воздуха - генератор переменного тока - 1) ammeter ампер мегер 2) amplitude амплитуда ampere ампер - automated merchant vessel reporting междуна­ родная система поиска и спасения торговых судов - 1) account of за счет кого-либо 2) and others и другие - 1) apparatus аппарат, устройство 2) appendix приложение, дополнение - approximate приблизительный auxiliary power unit вспомогательный энергетический агрегат - automatic remote control автоматическое дистанционное управление - astern задний, кормовой - after top dead center за верхней мертвой точкой - athwartship поперечный, простирающийся от борта до борта - atmosphere атмосфера < - auxiliary вспомогательний - average в среднем, среднее число - absolute wet center manifold pressure абсолютное давление влажного воздуха на всасывание - actual working pressure действительное рабочее давление - blade Hea ratio дисковое отношение (гребного вала) - batten рейка, планка - ball bearing шарикоподшипник - before bottom center до нижней мертвой точки - barrel баррель - barrels per day баррелей в день - bottom dead centre нижняя мертвая точка

143

- bottom dead point нижняя мертвая, точ£а

BDP BF BFW BH Bhd BHN BHP;bhp bhp-hr

BK

- 1) blank flange глухой ф ланец / i • 1) boiler feed система питан, ш котла ^ >

■

- boiler feedwater питательная вода котла - Вrinell hardness твердость по БрителкГ t - bulkhead переборка ' - Brinell hardness number число твердости'.по Бринелю , число Бринеля - brake horsepow er торм озная (эф ф ективная) м ощ ность j [

- brake horsepower-hour тормозная (эффективная) лошадиная сила-час - 1 ) bilge keep

2) BKT bkt pi dkr(h)d blr BM BM EP,b.m .e.p.,bm ep BM P bnr BP, b.p. bp BPD BR brg Brkt Brl BS bsh,bu BThE bus BW BWR Cal.

cal can cap cb

(боковой) киль

brake

- bracket

’

I ,к /

тормоз

кница

j

- braket plate бракета, бракетный лист - bulkhead переборка

- boiler котел - bending moment изгибающий момент - brake mean effective pressure среднее тормозное эффективное давление - brake mean pressure среднее эффективное давление - burner форсунка - back pressure противодавление - boiler point точка кипения - boost pressure difference перепад давления наддува - boiler room котельное отделение - bearing подшипник - bracket кница, бракета - barrel баррель

- 1) boiler space котельное отделение 2) boiler survey освидетельствование котлов - bushel бушель - brake thermal efficiency термический эффективный к.п.д. - business дело; сделка; то р го в л я; предприятие

- butt-welded сваренный встык - boiling water reactor реактор кипящего типа, кипящий водяной реактор - calorie кЖюграмм, калория, большая калория - calorie грамм-калория, малая калория - cancelled отменено - capacity производительность, м ощ ность, емкость, вместимость

- 1) circuit breaker

выключатель

144

А А W

>

сс,ссм Cei(s); cent t CERC t cert i f С F;cfl \ / K'

cfm<^ cfmn ' eft j CG Chn lkr CHU C.H.U. Cl cir(c)

CL cl cld Clg elkw . CLP clr cm CMR C.No соam CODAG

CODEAG

CODOG

2) control board щит (пульт) управления 3) control button 5 кнопка управления * - cubic centimeter кубический сантиметр - Celsius ’ по шкале Цельсия - centigrade по шкале Цельсия - centralized engine room control централизован ное управление энергетической установки - certificate удостоверение - 1) centiftigal force центробежная сила 2) cubic)^oot кубический фут --confirmed подтвержденный - confirmation подтверждение - cubic feqt кубические футы - center of gravity центр тяжести - chain locker цепной ящик - centigrade heat unit метрическая тепловая единица - caloric heat unit единица тепла,калория - 1) cast iron чугун 2) certificate of insurance страховой сертификат - 1) circle круг 2) circuit контур 3) circulation циркуляционный 4) circulation циркуляция 5) circumference окружность - center line диаметральная линия, ось - clause статья, оговорка - 1) cancelled аннулировано 2) cleared очищено от пошлины - circulating циркуляционный - clockwise по часовой стрелке - center of lateral pressure центр бокового давления - cooler охладитель - centimeter сантиметр - continuous maximum rating максимальная длительная мощность - cetane number цетановое число - coaming комингс - combined diesel engines and gas turbine power plant коь^шированная дизель-газотурбинная энергетическая установка - combined diesel-electric and gas turbines power plant комбинированная дизель-электро-газотурбинная установка

combined diesel engines or gas turbines power

145

co e f' COG COGAG

COGOG

compr cond

conn const Cont COT CP cplg CPM;cpm CPP CPS,cps CP CRC CRP

■

CRPO

CS

С to С cu cub exp cu cm cu ft cu in cu m cu mm CV.cv

plant комбинированная дизеЛь-г^зотурбинная энергетическая установка - coefficient коэффициент - center of gravity центр тяжести 1 - combined gas turbine and gas turbine bower plant комбинированная газотурбинная '" энергетическая установка - combined gas turbine or gas turbine power plant комбинированная газотурбинная энергетическая установка ' - compressor компрессор - 1) condenser конденсатор . 2) condition условие 3) conductor проводник - connection соединение, патрубок, штуцер - constant постоянная (величина); постоянный - 1) contract договор 2) control управление - cargo-oil tank грузовой топливный танк; грузовой танк (на танкере) - circulating pump циркуляционный насос - coupling соединительная муфта - cycles per second циклов в секунду - controllable pitch propeller гребной винт регулируемого шага, ВРШ - cycles per second циклов в секунду - compression ratio степень сжатия - clossed roller chock закрытая киповая планка с роульсами - contra-rotating propellers противоположно вращающиеся (соосные) гребные винты - continuous rating permitting overload номинальная мощность с допускаемой перегрузкой * ; - I) carbon steel углеродистая сталь 2) countersunk раззенкованный, с потайной головкой (о заклепке) 3) crankshaft коленчатый вал 'i - center-to-center (distance) расстояние между.. центрами, шаг (заклепочного соединения) - cubic кубинский - coefficient ofcubical expansion коэффициент объемного расширения - cubic centimeter кубический сантиметр (смЗ) - cubic foot кубический фут - cubic inch кубический дюйм - cubic meter кубический метр (м3) - cubic millimeter кубический миллиметр (ммЗ) - calorific value теплотворность

146

CW

су cyl D DC;dc;d-c DD dd DE deg deg С deg F deg К dens DG dhg DHP.dhp Dia,dia(m) DKPltg Dkyd dm doc(s) DP,dp DR DRG drg DT dtime DW Dwg DY ‘ dynm Ъ

EBP eflf egel E.H.F.,e.h.f.,ehf

- clockwise по чкса^ой стрелке - cycle цикл ' -'/ - I ) cylider цилиндр 2) cylindrical цилиндрический - drag сопротивление, - direct current постоянный ток - direct drive прямой (безредукторный) привод - 1) dated датированный 2) delivered доставлено - double-ended двухсторонний (о котле) - degree градус \ - degree centigrade градусы Цельсия С - degree Fahrenheit'градусы Фаренгейта F - degree Kelvin градусы Кельвина, абсолютная температура, К - density плотность - double-gear двухступенчатый (о зубчатой передаче) - double helical gear шевронное зубчатое колесо - delivered horsepovyer мощность, передавая на вал - diameter диаметр - deck plating настил палубы - dockyard судостроительная верфь - decimeter дециметр (дм) - document(s) документы(ы) - dew point точка росы - dock receipt доковая расписка - double reduction gear двухступенчатый редуктор - drawing чертеж - deep tank диптанк - delivery time срок сдачи - distilled water дистиллированная вода, опресненная вода - drawing чертеж - dockyard верфь, судоремонтный завод - dynamotor двигатель-генератор - Engler degree условие вязкости в градусах Энглера - exhaust lick pressure противодавление на выхлопе - efficiency коэффициент полезного действия, к.п.д. - exempli gratia (лат) например - elastic limit предел упругости - effective horsepower полезная мощность в лошадиных силах

147

eng / EOD' ER ES ex excl exh exp

i

exs ext F

FAC;fac ff FFO ! FH FHP fig FL Flged FO ЕР.

FPP

;;

FPT FRP

•

ft ft hd FW FWT •gal gen gl

- engine/'двигатель - every other\day через день - engine room' машинное отделение - engine space машинное отделение - examined - «освидетельствовано - excluding, exclusive исключая - exhaust выхлоп - 1) expansiorj расширение 2) experiment опыт, испытание 3) expiration, истечение (срока) 4) express специальный, спешный - expenses- расходы - 1) external наружный ( 2) extra дополнительный 3) extreme крайний - 1) factor of safety коэффициент безопасности, запас прочности 2) frequency частота 3) fuel топливо - fast as can так скоро как возможно - following следующий - furnace fod oil котельное топливо, мазут - feedwater heater подогревательпитательной воды - friction horsepower мощность, затрачиваемое на трение - figure чертеж, рисунок; цифра - forced lubrication смазка под давлением • - flanged отбортованный, с оттогнутой кромкой - fuel oil жидкое топливо - 1) feed pump питательный насос 2) fire plug пожарный кран, гидрант 3) flash point температура воспламенения 4) freezing point ‘температура замерзания - fixed pitch propelleij гребной винт т фиксированного шага, ВША - forepeak tank фйрйиковая цистерна - fiberglass-reiforced plastics пластмасса, армированная стекловолокном, стеклопластик factor of saf запас прочЛсти - foot фут - feed head напор, измеренный в футах - freshwater пресная вода - freshwater tank цистерна пресной воды - gallon галлон - generator генератор - glass стекло

148

gm GMTt 8Р gr GRP grw GS Gskt GT GTk GTPU gw H,h,hr hd HFW Hg hi HP;hp

НРА hp-hr HS

Htr ts Hz,hz ibyibid ICE ID,idIHP;ihp ипвр ш lnJ ms Е* 11 Jl Kc;kc

1

- gram грамм - Greenwich Mean Time гритичское фёднее время - gauge pressure избыточное (манометрическое) дайление - gear ration передаточное число - glass-reinforced plastic стеклопластик - gross weight вес брутто - grate surface площадь колосниковой^ решетки - gasket прокладка -gastight газонепроницаемый • f - gasoline tank цистерна для бензина, бензоба - gas tumbine power unit газотурбинный j агрегат - gearwheel зубчатое колесо, шестерня - hour час - head напор - hot fresh water горячая пресная вода - hydrargyrum (лат) ртуть, ртутного столба hole отверстие - 1) high pressure air line трубопровод воздуха высокого давления 2) horsepower мощность, лошадиная сила - high pressure air line трубопровод воздуха высокого давления - horsepower-hour лошадинная сила час - 1) heating surface поверхность нагрева 2) high-speed высокооборотный, быстроход­ ный _ heater подогреватель - high-tensile steel сталь высокого сопротивле­ ния _ herts герц _ ibidem (лат) там же L _ internal combustion engine двигатель внутреннего сгорания ' - inside diameter внутренний диаметр - indicated horsepower индикаторная мощность - indicated mean effective pressure среднее индикаторное эффективное давление - inch дюйм - injector инжектор, струйный насос, форсунка - insulation изоляция - intermediate pressure среднее (промежуточное) давление - insulation resistance сопротивление изоляций -joint соединение; стык; паз; шов _ 1) kilocycle к и л о ц и к л

149

kg kv ' Kw lb,lbs LD LDC liq, lq LMC

LP,lp,l-p LPB LT lub LV lw ma mar MCR ME

mehp МЕР Mg M GPS

»- / * . / i

MH min MIP

Mi sc mixt ML mm MMF,mmf MP

MPC

2) kilocycles per second килогерц (кгц^ - kilogram килограмм (кг) - kilovolt киловольт (кв) - kilowatt киловатт (квт) - pound(s) ( от лат. libra) фунт - leak detector течеискатель - lower dead center нижняя мертвая точка - liquid жидкость, жидкий i - liter литр (л) { - Lloyd’s Machinery Certificate свидетельство об исправлености механизмов, выданное регистром Ллойда . j - low pressure низкое давление - low pressure boiler паровой котел низкоро давления - low tension низкое напряжение - 1) lubricate смазывать 2) lubrication смазка - low voltage низкое напряжение - lap-welded сваренный внахлестку (внакрой) - milliampere миллиампер (ма) - maritime морской - maximum continuous rating максимальная длительная мощность - 1) main engine главный двигатель 2) marine engineer судовой инженер-механик 3) mechanical engineer инженер-механик - mean effective horse power средняя эффективная мощность - mean effective pressure среднее эффективное давление - 1) main generator главный генератор 2) milligram миллиграм (мг) j- marine growth preventing system система i защиты от обрастания v j- manhole горловина » 1) minimum минимум 2) minute минута (мин) •; - mean indicated pressure среднее индикаторное давление - miscellane^s разный, смешанный - mixture смесь - more/less более или менее - millimeter миллиметр (мм) - magnetomotive force магнитодвижущая сила - 1) medium pressure среднее движение 2) melting point точка плавления - maximum permissible concentration предельно допустимая концентрация

150

m ps.

MTBF MTP MTTR M.W NET , NHP;nhp t N1S NLD No NT NTD ntfy NTP NWT OAD OB ОС O.D,ODia,o.d. OF OFT OR ОТ Bhd ovhl oz P par(a) PC

ph PHP

Pltg PMP

к - maintenance and repair ship плавучая мастерская mean time before failures средняя наработка между отказами (механизма) - mean tip clearance средний зазор между внешней кромкой гребного винта и корпусом - mean time to repair средний межремонтный cdok работы (механизма) - molecular weight молекулярный вес - not earlierl tjian не ранее - nominal horsepower номинальная мощность - not in stock* нет в наличии - not in line qf duty не при исполнении служебных обязанностей - number ч!юло, номер - nontight негерметичный - nontight door проницаемая (негерметичная) дверь - notify уведомлять - normal temperature and pressure нормальные температура и давление - nonwatertight водопроницаемый - overall dimensions габаритные размеры - 1) on board на борту 2) outboard забортный, наружный * 3) outer bottom наружное днище - order cancelled заказ аннулирован - outside diameter наружный диаметр - oil fuel жидкое топливо - oil fuel tank топливная цистерна - 1) on request по требованию 2) overload relay реле перегрузки - oiltight bulkhead нефтепроницаемая переборка - overhaul ремонт; переборка (механизма) * - ounce унция - page страница - paragraph параграф, статья - 1) percent процент 2) pitch circle начальная (длительная) окружность (зубчатого колеса) 3) propulsive coefficient пропульсивный коэффициент - phase фаза - 1) propeller horsepower мощность на гребном винте 2) pump horsepower мощность насоса - plating обшивка - preventive maintenance program программа'

151

ppm ppt г pr p.s.i.a p.s.i.g pt PVC pw r rcvd RD red

Red rev/min [revs per min], RPM;rpm r.p.s.,rps

по профилактическому ремонту а;удй'а - parts per million частей на миллион I ^ - prompt срочный Г . ‘ - price цена - pounds per square inch absolute абсолютное давление в футах на квадратный дюйм - pounds per square inch gauge манометрическое давление в фунтах на квадратный дюьм - pint пинта - polyvinylchloride

п о л и ви н и л х ло р и д I . - power м ощ ность * - received получено •h - running days п о следо вател ьн ы е днй’ - reducer переходная м уф та, редуктор ,

- Redwood условие вязкости в секундак по Редвуду - revolutions per minute оборотов в минуту

Sgd

- revolutions per second число оборотов в секунду - refueling oiler танкер заправщик - reserve feed water резервная питательная вода - right-hand правый, правого вращения-, с правой нарезкой - rivet заклепка - rudder руль - subject to approval при условии одобрения - two-stroke cycle double acting двухтактный двойного действия - 1) second секунда 2) section сечение - Safety and EnvironmentProtection ОБОС обеспечение безопасности и охраны окружающей среды - separator сепаратор - settling отстойный - specific fuel consumption удельный расход топлива - shaft вал - 1) specific ^ivity удельный вес 2) steam generator парогенератор, паровой котел - signed подписано

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- shaft horsepower м о щ н о сть на валу;

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эффективная мощность - sheet steel листовая сталь - shielded inert-gas metal-arc (welding) дуговая сварка металлическим (плавящимся) электродом «

152

Spd Sp qp Sp ht Sp г Sp Vol sq SRF SS SSU,s.s.u. STA st by std STS SV

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в среде инертнопугазаГ - special delivery срочная доставка - specific gravity удельный вес - specific heat удельнак теплоемкость - specific resistance удельное сопротивление - specific volume удельный объем - square квадрат, квадратный - ship repair facitity судоремонтнаямастерская, судоремонтный завод j - superheat steam перепетый nap - seconds Saybolt universal условная вязкость в секундах по Сейбр1пу - shaft tunnel alley коридор гребного вала - standby резервный, запасной; аварийный - standard стандарт, э4алон; стандартный - special treatment steel сталь специальной обработки - 1) safety valve предохранительный клапан 2) sluice valve а) клинкет б)проходной клапан 3) stop valve стопорный клапан - switchboard распределительный щит - safe working load допустимая рабочая нагрузка - thrust упор (гребного вала) - 1) temperature температура 2) - thrust block упорный подшипник - time between overhaul межремонтный срок двигателя - transverse center of gravity ордината центра тяжести - top dead center верхняя мертвая точка _ technical технический _ temperature температура - thermometer термометр -thickness толщина - thrust horsepower тяговая мощность _ tank танк, цистерна _ ton тонна (т) i _ tolerance допуск - turbo-c^ipressor турбокомпрессор - ullage незаполненная часть объема (цистерны) - unattended machinery space безвахтенное машинное отделение _ ultimate tensile strength предел прочности на растяжение _ variable capacitor конденсатор переменной емкости

в

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Vel,vel vent, vis., vise. viz Vol., vol VP vm WC WG WP wppm wt. WT wt WTB WTD Yd. yd Yr,yr

- velocity скорость - ventilation вентиляция - viscosity вязкость - лат. videlicet, namely а именно - volume объем - variable pitch регулируемый шаг; изменяемый шаг гребного винта - voltmeter вольтметр i - 1) water closet гальюн ( f 2) water-cooled с водяным охлаждением - water gauge водоуказательный прибору водяной манометр; водомерное стекло - 1) waterproof водонепроницаемый ' 2) working pressure рабочее давление { - weight parts per million весовых частей на миллион - watt ватт - water tank водяная цистерна - weight вес - 1) watertight bulkhead водонепроницаемая переборка 2) water-tube boiler водотрубный котел - watertight door водонепроницаемая дверь -yard ярд -year год

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