Hsshetocl Foflh Mgkpceoge tg tbh ^sclks Ahy Oesojbts igr Vhcdoej Jgd‟s Zgrd Fy0 Froce L. Zhfsthr ced Dcvod V. Fhcmb
C kust-bcvh igr studhets gi tbh Foflh, pcstgrs, ced ceygeh wbg dhsorhs tg pgsshss c ueoquh rhihrhemh juodh tg tbhsh cemohet wgras gi pghtry ced wgrsbop. Tbos fgga prgvodhs iuedckhetcl oeigrkctoge rhjcrdoej tbh khceoej, fcmajrgued, mgethxt, ced cpplomctoge c pplomctoge gi tbh ^sclks. Ot oemludhs eukhrgus mbcrts cfgut tbh vcrogus typhs gi psclks (khssoceom, prgpbhtom, htm.), ced c quoma rhihrhemh lost gi psclks tbct lhed tbhkshlvhs tg fhoej ushd igr wgrsbop gr phrsgecl khdotctoge gr cs c fcsos igr prcyoej tbh ]mropturhs. Iull-mglgr vosucl okcjhs froej tbh khsscjh ced wgrld gi tbh ^sclks tg loih loah ehvhr fhigrh.
PGEDHVYCE Tbh Hsshetocl Foflh Mgkpceoge tg tbh ^sclks Mgpyrojbt © 6>3> fy Froce Zhfsthr ced Dcvod Fhcmb Tbos totlh os clsg cvcolcflh cs c Pgedhrvce hfgga. Yosot ww w.zgedhrvce.mgk/ w.zgedhrvce.mgk/hfggas. hfggas. Tbos totlh os clsg cvcolcflh oe c Pgedhrvce cudog hdotoge. Yosot www.zgedhrvce.ik. Vhquhsts igr oeigrkctoge sbguld fh cddrhsshd tg0 Pgedhrvce, Jrced Vcpods, Kombojce 4?8=> Lofrcry gi Mgejrhss Mctclgjoej-oe-^uflomctoge Dctc Zhfsthr, Froce L., 3 ?98 ” Zhfsthr, Tbh hsshetocl Foflh mgkpceoge tg tbh ^sclks 0 ahy oesojbts igr rhcdoej Jgd‟s Zgrd / Froce L. Zhfsthr ced Dcvod V. Fhcmb. p. mk. O]FE ?:2->-=3>-6292?-? (sgitmgvhr) 3. Fofl h. G.T. ^sclks — Mrotomosk, Mrotomosk, oethrprhtctoge, htm. O. Fhcmb, Dcvod V., 2/=>/3?89 ” OO. Totlh. F]34=>.86.Z4= 6>3> 66='.6>93 — dm66
6>>?>49=??
Cll ]mropturh qugtctoges, uelhss gtbhrwosh oedomcthd, crh tcahe irgk tbh Bgly Foflh, Foflh, Tgdcy‟s ®. Tgdcy‟s Ehw Oethrectogecl YhrsogeΩ, YhrsogeΩ, TEOY ®. Mgpyrojbt © 6>>3, 6>>8 fy Foflomc , Oem.Ω Xshd fy phrkossoge gi Pgedhrvce. Pgedhrvce. Cll rojbts rhshrvhd wgrldwodh. Ehw Oethrectogecl Yhrsoge® Yhrsoge®, EOY ®. Mgpyrojbt © 3?:=, 3 ?:2, 3?24 ]mropturh qugtctoges kcrahd EOY crh tcahe irgk tbh Bgly Foflh, Foflh, Ehw fy Foflomc, Oem.Ω. Xshd fy phrkossoge gi Pgedhrvce. Cll rojbts rhshrvhd wgrldwodh. ]mropturh qugtctoges kcrahd EC]F crh tcahe irgk tbh Ehw Ckhromce ]tcedcrd Foflh® Foflh®, Mgpyrojbt © 3?9>, 3?96, 3?9=, 3?92 , 3?:3, 3?:6, 3?:=, 3 ?:8, 3?::, 3??8 fy Tbh Lgmakce Iguedctoge. Xshd fy phrkossoge. www.lgmakce.grj Cey Oethreht cddrhsshs (whfsoths, flgjs, htm.) ced thlhpbgeh eukfhrs proethd oe tbos fgga crh giihrhd cs c rhsgurmh. Tbhsh crh egt oethedhd oe cey wcy tg fh gr okply ce hedgrshkhet fy Pgedhrvce, egr dghs Pgedhrvce vgumb igr t bh mgethet gi tbhsh soths ced eukfhrs igr tbh loih gi tbos fgga . Cll rojbts rhshrvhd. Eg pcrt gi tbos puflomctoge kcy fh rhprgdumhd, stgrhd oe c rhtrohvcl systhk, gr trceskotthd oe cey igrk gr fy cey khces — hlhmtrgeom, khmbceomcl, pbgtgmgpy, rhmgrdoej, gr cey gtbhr — hxmhpt igr frohi qugtctoges oe proethd rhvohws, wotbgut tbh progr phrkossoge gi tbh puflosbhr. Mgvhr pbgtgjrcpby0 ]thvh Jcrdehr, ^oxhlwgras ]tudog1 P. Vcdgvce/www.FoflhLced^omturhs.mgk Oethrogr dhsoje0 Kcra ]bhhrhs ^roethd oe Mboec 3> 33 36 3= 34 38 39 /MTM/ 6= 66 63 6> 3? 32 3: 39 38 34 3= 36 33 3> ? 2 : 9 8 4 = 6 3
Mgethets Cmaegwlhdjkhets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :
^CVT ^CV T 3. OETVGDXMTOGE TG TBH ^]CLK] Gvhrvohw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Oe Tbos Fgga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 ^hrsphmtovhs ge tbh ^sclthr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3= Tbh ^sclks ^sclk s Tbh ^sc lks Tbh ^sc lks Tbh ^sc lks
cs ]gejs . . . . . . . . . . . cs Mhrhkgey. . . . . . . . cs ^rcyhrs . . . . . . . . . . cs Fgga . . . . . . . . . . .
....................... ....................... ....................... .......................
3= 3= 34 34
Jrgups gi ^sclks oe tbh ^sclthr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Typhs gi ^sc l ks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byk es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byk es gi ^rcosh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byk es gi Tbce asj ov oej . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byk es gi gi ^rcosh/Tbceasj ovoej . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byk es gi tbh Lgrd ‟s A oejsb op . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byk es0 Poge ]gej s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lck Lc khets ts/ /Mro rohs hs igr Bh Bhlp0 Oe Oedo dovo vod duc ucll gr gr Mg Mgkk kkue uecl cl . . . . ^sc l ks gi Mgei odhemh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vgyc l ^sc lk s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loturj y ^scl ks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oest r umtogec l ced Zosdgk ^sc l ks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mgll llhhmtoges ced Cr Crrrcejhkhets oe tbh ^scl cltthr . . . . . . . . . . ]uphrsmr optoges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ^hrsges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bostgr omc l Oe igr kctoge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mlcssoi omctoges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... .. .. .. ...... ......
38 38 39 39 39 39 39 39 3: 3: 3: 32 32 32 32 3? 3?
Kusomcl Csphmts Csphmt s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mgllhmtoges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ^sclks ^scl ks gi Cscpb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ^sclks ^scl ks gi tbh ]ges gi Agrcb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ]gejs gi Csmhets Csmhets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bcllhlu`cb Bcl lhlu`cb ^sclks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tbh Iovh Fggas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6> 6> 6> 6> 6> 63 63
Tbh ^ghtry gi tbh ^sclks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6= ^hrsgeclozoej tbh ^sclks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
^CVT ^CV T 6. SXOMA VHIHVHEMH MBCVT] Xeusucl Thrks Thrks Igued oe tbh ^sclthr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6? Bhfrhw Vhihrhemhs tg Jgd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6? Typhs gi ^sclks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . => Mgkkge Hlhkhets gi tbh ^sclks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . =3 Hxplc ectoge gi Totlhs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .=3 Hxplcectoge Oedhx gi Yhrshs Yhrshs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .=3
^CVT =. TBH ^]CLK]
Cmaegwlhdjkhets
O
wguld loah tg tbcea ky igrkhr ^sclks prgihssgrs, Dr. @gbe ]tha (Mclvoe Tbhglgjomcl ]hkoecry) ]hkoec ry) ced Dr. C lce Mggphr (Bhfrhw Xeoge Xeoge Mgllhjh, egw ct @hwosb Tbhglgjomcl Tbhglg jomcl ]hkoecry). ]hkoec ry). O ck pcrtomulcrly pcrtomul crly oedhfthd tg Dr. ]tha igr igr cllgwoej kh tg rhvohw bos strumturcl strumt urcl lcyguts cs O mgetoeuh tg wgra ge tbh ^sclks igr c mgkkhetcry oe Pgedhrvce‟s Pgedh rvce‟s igrtbmgkoej igrtbmgkoej shrohs Bhcroej tbh t bh Khsscjh gi ]mropturh. ]mr opturh. Zbolh tbos fgga wcs oe puflomctoge, Dr. ]tha whet bgkh tg fh wotb bos Lgrd. O wguld loah tg dhdomcth tbos wgra tg bos khkgry. Tbh Vhv. Dr. @gbe ]tha wcs c jrhct smbglcr, thcmbhr, ced mburmbkce, jrcmogus ced dhdomcthd tg bhlpoej tbh mgkkge phrsge uedhrstced Jgd‟s Zgrd. Bh wcs c lhcdhr ckgej Foflh trceslctgrs. Bh shrvhd igr dhmcdhs ge tbh trceslctoge mgkkotthh igr tbh EOY,, oemludoej fhoej Mbcor gi tbh Mgkkotthh ge Foflh Trceslct EOY Trceslctoge1 oge1 wcs ce cssgmocth hdotgr gi tbh TEOY ]t udy Foflh1 Foflh1 ced wgrahd clsg ge tbh EO Y ]tudy Foflh ced TEOY ]tudy Foflh. Bh okpcrthd tg bos studhets c lgvh igr tbh fhcuty gi Bhfrhw pghtry, ced wh rhkcoe oe bos dhft. Kcy tbos vglukh fh ce bgegr tg bos lhjcmy. O ck jrcthiul jr cthiul tg Dcvh Fhcmb igr kcey iruotiul dosmussoges cfgut icotb oe rhlctogesbops, lckhet, ced tbh ^sclks. Tbceas Tbce as tg Dcvod Irhhs ced tbh rhst gi tbh Pgedhrvce thck igr tbh gppgrtueot y ced igr tbh prgihssogecl mcrh jovhe tg tbos prg`hmt. Tbceass tg ky pcrhets, Cllhe ced Lyee Zhfsthr, igr tbhor hsshetocl suppgrt tbrgujbTbcea tb rgujbgut tbh yhcrs. Ced ioeclly, tbceas tg ky woih ced dcujbthrs, Bgph, Cejhlc, Loly, Vgfye, ced ]tcrlc, igr tbhor lgvh ced hemgurcjhkhet. Froce Zhfsthr O wguld loah tg cmaegwlhdjh cll gi tbgsh wbg bcvh okpcmthd ky loih wotb c lgvh igr Jgd, igr bos Zgrd, ced igr ky ehojbfgr. ]pcmh, bgwhvhr, lokots kh tg lostoej tbgsh kgst egtcflh. Oe mbrgeglgjomcl grdhr0 Iorst, ky pcrhets, Vombcrd V ombcrd ced Holhhe Fhcmb, wbgsh uewcvhroej uewcvhroej iodhloty i odhloty tg Jgd‟s Zgrd cmmgkpceohd kh oe tbh fhjoeeoej gi ky `gurehy. O flhss ygu. ]hmged, ky lgvoej ced hvhr lgvhly woih, Myetboc, wbg mgestcetly hemgurcjhs kh ced flhsshs kh wotb bhr wgrds ced c skolh. _gu crh tbh iull hxprhssoge gi lgvh tg kh. O lgvh ced flhss ygu. Tbord, Froc e Zhfsthr, Zhfsthr, wbg wbg iorst i orst cs c s ky Jrhha prgihssgr prgihssgr ced tbhe cs ky i rohed bcs oevothd kh, hemgurcjhd hemgurcjhd kh, ced oesporhd kh tg w roth ky bhcrt ge kctthrs gi tbh bhcr t oe tbh ^sclks. ^scl ks. O flhss ygu.
:
Igurtb, Dce Cllhedhr ced Trhkphr Lgejkce, wbgsh irohedsbop ced mgkkotkhet tg hcmb gtbhr cllgwhd tbhk tbh plhcsurh gi wrotoej tgjhtbhr Mry gi tbh ]gul , c fgga tbct kgrh tbce cey gtbhr bcs fortbhd ced mgcmbhd ky dhsorh tg wroth wotb Froc e gur wgrds ge tbh ^sclks. O flhss ced tbcea tb cea ygu. Cddotogeclly, tbhrh crh gtbhrs wbg wcot ge tbh gtbhr sodh — ky frgtbhr Doma1 ky iorst woih, ]uh1 ky jrcedpcrhets1 jrc edpcrhets1 ced gtbhrs O bcvh aegwe — mbhhroej kh ge tbos tb os `gurehy oetg o etg Mbrost. Lcst, tbh thck ct Pgedhrvce, wbgsh oevotctoge ced whlmgkh bcvh khcet kgrh tg kh tbce tbhy wolll hvhr aegw. wol aegw. Kcy Jgd hxpced ygur thrrotgrohs igr bos aoejdgk ced bos phgplh phgplh.. Dcvod V. Fhcmb
2
OETVGDXMTOGE TG TBH
^]CLK]
Gvhrvohw
T
bh ^sclks. Tbhor bykes lhcd us oe prcosoej Jgd. Tbhor lckhets uelhcsb gur mrohs igr bhlp. Tbhor rgycl mhrhkgeohs ced sgejs gi Poge csshrt Jgd‟s grdhr. ]toll gtbhr psclks lhcd us tg rhilhmt ge Jgd‟s Zgrd gr mcll us tg rojb thgus mbcrcmthr. Tbh ^sclks kcy fh tbh kgst rhcd fgga gi tbh Gld Thstckhet ced crh whll lgvhd igr kcey rhcsges. Zh mce hethr oetg c kultotudh gi vcrohd smhehs pcoethd fy pghtom frusbstrgahs ge ots vhrfcl mc evcs fhmcush tbhor sufstcemh rhsgecths wotb gur l ovhs ced hxphrohemhs. Tbhy kcy fh smhehs gi rh`go rh`gomoej, moej, dhspcor, dhspco r, mgeiodhet bgph, uemhrtcoet y, gr sglhke kgkhets gi prgigued kusoejs. Bhrh gr tbhrh, igr c tokh cs ehhdhd, wh mce hethr ced sot wotb tbh psclk osts, tbhe `goe gur vgomhs vgomhs cmrgss tbh cjhs w otb pghts wbgsh wgrds fhmgkh gur hxprhssoges. Tbhy fhmgkh gur wgrds gi prcosh gr gi doscppgoetkhet wotb Jgd gr gur mrohs igr `ustomh gr khrmy. Ced cs tbh psclkost‟s wgrds hkfgdy gur ihhloejs ced shetokhets, tbhy clsg lhcd us tg c fhtthr uedhrstcedoej gi Jgd ced c dhhphr hemguethr wotb bok. Zbhtbhr wh wguld soej wotb cfcedge gr mry gut ihhloej cfcedgehd, cfcedgeh d, tbh ^sclks ^scl ks crh icotbiul ic otbiul mgkpceoges, ced wh dg whll tg vosot t bhk githe. Zbolh wh ihhl whlmgkh whlmgkh vosotoej wotb tbh psclkosts psc lkosts,, wh crh sgkhtokhs whll cwcrh tbct wh crh v osotgrs. Tbhy sphca gi jhgjrcpby tbct wh bcvh egt vosothd, mguetrohs eg lgejhr ge tbh kcp, ced whcpges irgk tbh wcr s gi dcys jgeh fy. Zh Zh lovh wotb doiihrhet d oiihrhet pglotomcl strumturhs ced sgmocl oest otutoges. Mhrtcoe tures tur es gi pbrcsh crh uedhrstcedcflh fut bcvh c igrhoje roej. Ehvhrtbhlhss, tbh ^sclks stoll sphca pgwhriully tg us wotb c tokhlhss hsshemh ced ce gphe oevotctoge. Gur bgph os igr tbos vglukh tg fh ce uegftrusovh yht votcl mgkpceoge cs ygu rhcd tbh ^sclks. Zbolh wh dg egt cok tg hxplcoe hvhry pghtom loeh, wh dg bgph tg bhlp ygu shlhmt wbhrh tg vosot ced tg prgvodh c fcsom grohetctoge grohetc toge cs ygu rhcd hcmb psclk. psclk . Zh Zh pgoet gut hsshetocl hlhkhets hlhkhets ced sbhd lojbt l ojbt ge gmmcsogecl pbrcshs gr odhetoi y rhlhvcet oeigrkctoge cfgut tbh shttoej.
33
Oe Tbos Fgga
I
gllgwoej tbh oetrgdumtoge, wh prhshet prhshet tbh igllgwoej oeigrkct oge ge tbh ^sclks cs ce cod tg rhcdoej tbhk oe ygur Foflh. TBHKH0 ]tcths tbh kcoe odhc gi tbh psclk T_^H0 Mlcssoiohs tbh psclk fy ots lothrcry typh, sumb cs lckhet fy ce oedovoducl, byke gi tbceasjovoej, tbceasjov oej, prcosh, rgycl, htm.
CXTBG V0 ]upplohs oeigrkctoge cfgut tbh cutbgr, kusomcl egtctoges, ced b ostgro CXTBGV0 mcl egths FCMAJVGXED0 Hlcfgrcths ge tbh bostgromcl gr tbhglgjomcl fcmajrgued gi tbh psclk ced ots mgeehmtoges tg gtbhr foflomcl foflomcl pcsscjhs pcsscjh s ]TVXMTXVH0 Dhsmrofhs bgw tbh loehs gi pghtry crh jrguphd oetg stcezcs ced jovhs c fcsom sahtmb gi tbh i lgw gi tbgujbt tbgujbt ]^HMOCL EGTH]0 Kcahs kosmhllcehgus mgkkhets ge wgrds gr pbrcshs oe tbh psclk VHILHMTOGE0 Cpplohs tbh mgemhpts mgemhpts gr okcjhs oe o e tbh psclk ced c ed tbhor sojeoi omcemh igr us tgdcy
Igllgwoej os ce hxplcectoge hxplc ectoge gi tbh mcthjgrohs khetogehd khetogehd cfgvh, cfgvh, cs whll c s c jhehrcl grohetctoge tg tbh fgga gi ^sclks ced ots pghtr y.
36
^hrsphmtovhs ge tbh ^sclthr Tbh ^sclks cs ]gejs Tbh grojoec l Bhfrhw totlh gi tbh fgga, Thboll Thbollok ok (prgeguemhd th-bol-lïhk), th-bol-lïhk), lcfhls tbh t bh ^sclks cs “prcoshs,‛ ced truly tbhy crh tg fh suej. Dcvod os aegwe igr plcyoej tbh bcrp, ced tbh ^sclks rhihr tg shvhrcl kgrh oestrukhets0 lyrh, luth, trukpht, tokfrhl, bgre, ced mykfcls. Tbhsh wguld egt bcvh fhhe loah tbh kgdhre oestrukhets gi tbh sckh eckh, fut tbhy crh mlhcrly ushd tg cmmgkpcey cmmgkpcey tbh soejoej soejo ej gi tbh ^sclks oe o e puflom wgrsbop0 “mgkh fhigrh bok wotb `gyiul sgejs‛ (3>>06)1 “prcosh bok wotb tokfrhl ced dcemoej‛ dcemo ej‛ (38>04). (38>04). Tbh ^sclks ^sclk s whrh suej ge jhehrcl gmmcsoges gmmc soges gi puflom csshkfly igr wgrsbop, wgrsbop, oemludoej tbh sphmoiom gmmcsoges gi rhlojogus ihstovcls, sumb cs ^cssgvhr. Fut tbhy whrh clsg suej cs poljroks poljr oks trcvhlhd tg @hrusclhk tg wgrsbop. wgrsbop. Ot Ot os ecturcl ecturc l tg cssukh tbct ickolohs icko lohs dod egt lokot soejoej soej oej sumb psclks tg t bh cmtucl ihstovcl dcy d cy,, fut wguld lhcre lhcre ced prcmtomh tbhk oe gtbhr shttoejs, sumb cs ct bgkh ced oe provcth cs prhpcrctoge ced phrsgecl hxprhssoge. _hs, tbhy t bhy whrh igr puflom pufl om wgrsbop, fut egt hxmlusovhly sg. Tbhy T bhy whrh — ced stolll crh tgdcy — jrhct thcmboej tggls ced jggd stol j ggd khkgry cods tbct frgujbt c khsscjh tg koed. Igr hxckplh, Kgshs tcujbt tbh phgplh c sgej (Dhut. =6) cs c thcmboej tggl oe lojbt gi tbhor thedhemy tg rhfhl (=303?). Ot rhmcllhd Jgd‟s cmts, pgoethd gut bos mbcrcmthr, rhkoedhd Osrchl gi tbhor o ethedhd rhlctogesbop wotb Jgd, mgedhkehd tbhor rhfhlloge, prgmlcokhd `udjkhet, ced igrhmcsthd rhstgrctoge. Ot wcs tg fh phrigrkhd oe puflom ced suej fy tbh mgkkueoty. Fut ot wcs clsg oethedhd igr mgetoeuhd rhilhmtoge fy ickolohs ced oedovoducls. ^uflom soejoej os okpgrtcet igr tbh purpgsh gi wgrsbop, fut ots prgkoehet prgkoehet plcmh oe mgkkueoty mgkkueoty loih lo ih shrvhs cs strgej ciiorkct cii orkctoge oge tbct sgejs sgejs mce clsg fh oethjrcl oe o e thcmboej tbh mgkkueoty.
Tbh ^sclks cs Mhrhkgey Kcey psclks kcy bcvh fhhe suej fy c mbgor gr tbh mgejrhjctoge cs oi tbhy whrh geh vgomhh — c sokplh vgom so kplh prhshetctoge. Gtbhrs rhi rhilhmt lhmt mhrhkgeohs wotb kgrh tbce geh sphcahr. Tbhy kcy bcvh fhhe igr rhlojogus bglodcys gr rgycl mhrhkgeohs, gr tbhy kcy oemgrpgrcth c prohstly pr ohstly gr prgpbhtom vgomh vgomh sphcaoej tg tbh mgkkueoty (mi. ^ss. 6>, 96, ?3 ?3). ). Tbus c psclk kcy sboit irgk cddrhssoej Jgd tg cddrhssoej tbh phgplh gr ce oedovoducl1 irgk sphcaoej cs “wh‛ tg sphcaoej cs “O‛1 irgk sphcaoej tg Jgd, tg Jgd sphcaoej. ]umb 3=
psclks rhkoed us tbct wh crh egt clgeh oe tbh wcla wcla gi icotb1 wh crh egt tbh gely vgomh. Vctbhr, wh crh oe mgkkueoty ced oe rhlctogesbop wotb Jgd.
Tbh ^sclks cs ^rcyhrs ^scl k :6 os igllgwhd ^sclk igllgwhd fy tbh mlgsoej rhkcra, “Tbos “Tb os mgemludhs tbh prcyhrs gi Dcvod sge gi @hssh.‛ Mlhcrly, egt cll gi tbh ^sclks crh igr wgrsbop gr mhrhkgeohs. Kcey psclks crh mrohs tg Jgd igr bhlp ced dhlovhrcemh. Tbhy crh prcyhrs sht oe tbh igrk gi pghtry. Tbhy crh phrsgecl, iollhd wotb tbh cexohtohs gi rhcl bcrdsbops, fut githe stcthd oe jhehrclozhd thrks sg tbct gtbhrs mce scy tbh sckh wgrds wbolh rhilhmtoej ge tbhor gwe phrsgecl mroshs. ]gkhtokhs tbh prcyhrs prcyhrs rhi lhmt tbh sphmoiom mgemhres gi tbh Dcvodom aoej. Oe tbhsh mcshs phgplh whrh mcllhd oetg mgkkueoty, tg hethr tbh prcyhr cs lgycl suf`hmts gi tbh Lgrd‟s cegoethd. Tbh mgkkueoty sbcrhd mgkkge hehkohs ced gtbhr mgemhres wotb tbh aoej ced wcs mgemhrehd igr tbh aoej, bcvoej c stcah oe bos igrtuehs fhigrh Jgd. Igr cs Jgd dhcls wotb bos cegoethd, cll bos igllgwhrs crh ciihmthd. ci ihmthd. Tbh aoej‟s prcyhrs prcyhrs shrvh cs kgdhls igr bgw tbh rhst gi tbh mgkkueoty kcy cpprgcmb
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Jgd, cs oedhhd, tbh aoej bokshli wcs tg fh c rglh kgdhl igr tbh phgplh oe gfhyoej ced wgrsbopoej Jgd. Tbus, wbolh ct tokhs to khs suf`hmts ehhd tg rhsphmt rhsphmt tbh doiihrhemh fhtwhhe tbhkshlvhs ced tbh aoej, tbhy crh clsg oevothd oetg tbhsh psclks.
Tbh ^sclks cs Fgga Tbh ^sclks mgkh tg us tgdcy oe tbh igrk gi c fgga kcdh up gi iovh skcllhr fggas (^ss. 3 ” 43, 46 ” :6, := ” 2?, ?> ” 3>9, ced 3>: ” 38>). Ot dghs egt bcvh c kusomcl smgrh ced dghs egt fhjoe wotb c byke gr c prcyhr. ^sclk 3 cmts cs c e oetrgdumtoge tg tbh wbglh fgga. Oe cddotoge, tbh fhjoeeoej ced hedoej psclk gi hcmb gi tbh i ovh fggas fggas crh githe mgesodhrhd ahy tbhkctom trcesotoges. Zbo lh ot wguld wguld fh kcaoej kcao ej tgg kumb gi tbh grjceozctoge gi tbh ^sclthr tg try tg ioed c tojbt mgeehmtoge fhtwhhe hcmb hcmb psclk pscl k ced ots ehojbfgroej psclks, tbhy crh eg lgejhr osglcthd sgejs, fut c mgllhmtoge gi pghks mgkprosoej c fgga igr mgethkplctoge. Tbos fgga gi iovh fggas bcs sgejs, mhrhkgeohs, ced prcyhrs. ]g soej tbhk, phrigrk tbhk, prcy tbhk, ced study tbhk. _gu woll ehvhr rhcmb tbhor dhptbs gr mgkh up dry.
Jrgups gi ^sclks oe tbh ^sclthr
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hvhrcl mbcrcmthrostoms sujjhst mgeehmtoej mhrtcoe psc lks oetg jrgups. Tbh ^sclthr os dovodhd oetg i ovh fggas, wbomb os c mlhcr sht gi jrgups. Gtbhrs sbcrh tbh sc kh cutbgr, sumb cs Cscpb gr tbh ]ges gi Agrcb. ]toll gtbhrs crh gi c sokolcr typh1 tbct os, tbhy t bhy bcvh mgkkge mgkkge oethrecl mbcrcmthrostoms mbcrcmthro stoms rhjcrdlhss gi cutbgr gr plcmh oe tbh ^sclthr, igr hxckplh, lckhets. Gur prhshetctoge gi tbh ^sclks mlc ssoi ohs tbhk cmmgrdoej tg tbh typhs hxplcoehd fhlgw. Zh clsg dhsmrofh hcmb ^sclk‟s strumturh, rhihrroej tg tbh mgkkueomctoge rglhs gi tbh ueots gi hcmb psclk. (]hh tbh quoma rhihrhemh mbcrt Mgkkge Hlhkhets gi tbh ^sclks.)
Typhs gi ^sclks Tbh ^sclks crh jrguphd oetg doiihrhet typhs, mcllhd jherhs, fcshd ge tbh aoeds gi tboejs tbhy scy, tbh hkgtogecl kggd tbhy oevgah, ced bgw tbhy dhpomt mhrtcoe sphcahrs, sumb cs tbh wbglh mgkkueoty, gr ce oedovoducl, gr phrbcps tbh aoej. Tbh kcoe typhs oemludh prcosh bykes, bykes, lckhets, psclks tbct oestrumt, oe strumt, tbgsh sphmoiomclly igr loturjomcl ush, ced tbgsh igr tbh aoej. Zh mce dovodh tbhsh typhs oetg skcllhr skcl lhr mcthjgrohs. Fut ct sgkh pgoet pgoet wh rhclozh tbhsh t bhsh crh crtoiomoc crto iomocll mcthjgrohs, fhmcush tbh cemohet pghts pghts mguld ced dod wr oth mrhctovhly. mrhctovhly. Tbhy kojbt gkot gr cdd tg tbh “egrkcl‛ hlhkhets, rhcrrcej h tbh shquhemhs shquhemhs gi pcrts, kox k ox twg “ty phs, phs,‛ ‛ gr mrgss tbh jhehrcl “fguedcrohs‛ tbct wh shh egw.. Egehtbhlhss, egw Egehtbhlhss, mgllhmtoej t bhk oe mhrtcoe jrgups os bhlpiul, fhmcush ot c llgws us tg shh mgkkge hlhkhe hlhkhets, ts, trheds, ced c ed khceoejiu l vcroctoges. vcroct oges.
Bykes Zbhe wh mcll mhrtco e psclks bykes, wh dg egt khce tbh sckh sgrt gi sgejs tbct geh ioeds oe c bykecl. Tbh bykecl hvgahs c mhrtcoe aoed gi kusomcl stylh ced mgetcoes sgejs tbct usuc lly bcvh shvhrcl vhrshs plus c mbgrus tbct rhphcts. Tbh wgrd byke byke khces khces c sgej gi prcosh. ^sclks tbct crh bykes gi prcosh mce vcry oe tbhor pghtom dhsoje ced fh suej cs c mgkkueoty “wh‛ gr ce oedovoducl “O,‛ fut tbhor fcsom mgethet os tg prcosh Jgd. Tbh bykes mce fh dovodhd oetg jrgups0 bykes gi prcosh, bykes gi tbce asjovoej, bykes gi tbh Lgrd‟s aoejsbop, aoej sbop, ced Poge sgejs. sgejs.
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Bykes gi ^rcosh Tbh jhehrom mcthjgry gi byke oemludhs vcrogus typhs gi bykes tbct bcvh cddotogecl mbcrcmthrostoms oe tbh wcy tbhy giihr prcosh. Byke s gi prcosh kcy oemludh tbrhh kcoe mgkkueomctoge tcsas0 mclls tg prcosh , kgtovctoge tg prcosh , ced prcosh ced prcosh otshli . Mclls tg prcosh oevoth gr oestrumt gtbhrs tg jovh prcosh tg tbh Lgrd. Kgtovctoge tg prcosh khces tbh psclkost prgvodhs rhcsges gr kgtovhs tg jovh prcosh tg tbh Lgrd. Fhsodhs vcroctoge oe mgestrumtoge, tbh bykes mce hkpbcsozh tbhsh tbrhh csphmts oe doiihrhet ckguets. Igr hxckplh, sgkh bykes gi prcosh crh hxmlusovhly hxmlusovhly mclls mcll s tg prcosh.
Bykes gi Tbceasjovoej Hvhe tbgujb tbh Hejlosb wgrd “tbcea‛ cpphcrs irhquhetly oe Foflh trceslctoges, Bhfrhw dghs egt cmtuclly bcvh c wgrd tbct khces tg tbcea. Tbh wgrd usuclly trceslcthd “tbcea‛ khces sgkhtboej kgrh loah “prcosh,‛ “mgeihss,‛ gr “jovh mrhdot tg.‛ Tbh dostoejuosboej ihcturh gi tbh bykes gi tbceasjovoej os tbct tbhy jovh mrhdot tg Jgd igr wbct bh bcs dgeh oe sgkhgeh‟s loih. Zbolh c jhehrom byke gi prcosh kojbt hkpbcsozh dhsmrofoej Jgd‟s cwhsgkh mbcrcmthrostoms, tbh phrsge soejoej tbh byke gi tbceasj ovoej bcs c stgry tg thll gr c rhpgrt tg kcah ge bgw Jgd cmthd oe bos gr bhr loih. Bykes gi tbceasjovoej crh githe sufdovodhd oetg oedovoducl tbceasjovoej ced mgkkuecl tbceasjovoej, dhphedoej ge wbhtbhr tbh sphcahr sphcahr os c iorst i orst phrsge soeju lcr “O‛ gr plurcl “wh.‛ ]gkh psclks bcvh fgtb, wbomb typomclly khces tbhrh whrh rglhs igr c lhcdhr cs whll cs igr tbh csshkflhd phgplh.
Bykes gi ^rcosh/Tbceasjovoej Bykes gi prcosh gr tbceasjovoej crh psclks tbct bcvh sgkh sgkh tbceasj ovoej hlhkhets cs whll cs gtbhr mbcrcmthrostoms gi bykes gi prcosh. Tbct os, ct lhcst pcrt gi tbhsh bykes rhpgrt gr rhihr tg bgw Jgd sbguld fh mrhdothd igr igr cmtoej oe o e tbh loih gi c phrsge gr tbh ectoge. ]gkh ]gkh kcy mlcssoi y tbhsh psclks 39
doiihrhetly, fut wh bcvh mbgshe tg oedomcth tbh koxturh oe tbh totlh.
Bykes gi tbh Lgrd‟s Aoejsbop Cegtbhr sufmcthjgry gi tbh bykes gi prcosh os bykes gi tbh Lgrd‟s aoejsbop, clsg aegwe cs hetbrgehkhet hetbrgehk het bykes. Tbhy mhlhf mhlhfrcth rcth oe pcrtomupc rtomulcr tbh Lgrd‟s aoejsb op ced thed tg ush tbh pbrcsh “tbh L��� rhojes‛ tg rhihr tg bos t brgeh ced thll gi tbh hstcflosbkhet gr hxthet gi bos r ulh.
Bykes0 Poge ]gejs Tbh totlh “Poge sgejs‛ mgkhs irgk ^sclk 3=:0=. ]gejs gi Poge crh bykes gi prcosh tbct tbc t hkpbcsozh tbh lgmctoge gi Poge, cegtbhr eckh igr @hrusclhk. @hrusc lhk. Aoej Dcvod kcdh @hrusclhk bos mcpotcl, ced tbh Lgrd mbgsh ot (mi. Dhut. 360= ” 62) cs c s tbh plcmh igr tbh thkplh tbct wcs fuolt uedhr Dcvod‟s Dcvod ‟s sge, Aoej ]glgkge. Tbh thkplh, ced hsphmoclly tbh cra gi tbh mgvhecet, sykfglozhd Jgd‟s prhshemh ge hcrtb. (Tbh cra gi tbh mgvhecet bcd fhhe kcdh uedhr Kgshs‟ lhcdhrsbop ced wcs egrkclly ahpt oe tbh tcfhrecmlh irgk tbh tokh ot wcs fuolt cithr Osrchl rhmhovhd tbh Lcw ct Kguet ]oeco uetol tbh thkplh wcs fuolt.) Tbh Lgrd lovhs ced rhojes oe bhcvhe bhcvh e ced rulhs gvhr cll t bh hcrtb, fut @hrusclhk os shhe cs c sphmocl plcmh gi mgeehmtoge fhtwhhe bos bhcvhely ced hcr tbly sgvh sgvhrhojety. rhojety. ]oemh kcey psclks khetoge Poge, mlcssoiyoej tbhk cs Poge sgejs os pcrtly c `udjkhet mcll oe lojbt gi bgw kumb @hrusclhk @hrusclhk os hkpbcsozhd cs whll cs wbhtbhr tbhy crh bykes gi prcosh.
Lckhets/Mrohs igr Bhlp0 Oedovoducl gr Mgkkuecl Tbh kgst mgkkge typh gi psclk os tbh lckhet. ]gkhtokhs mcllhd mgkplcoet psclks, tbh hsshetocl hlhkhet os tbh mry igr bhlp duroej dostrhss. Tbh Hejlosb thrks lckhet ced jroh jrohi i mce mce rhihr tg kgureoej oe mgeehmtoge wotb c dhctb, fut tbhy crh egt hxmlusovhly tohd tg kgureoej ced iuehrcls. Zbhe dhsmrofoej psclks, tbh thrk lckhet os o s
ushd oe tbh frgcdhr shesh gi ce hxprhssoge gi sgrrgw, jrohi, gr doscppgoetkhet. Lckhet psclks thll gi c phrsge‟s gr mgkkueoty‟s lckhetoej oe tbhor dostrhss cs tbhy ture tg Jgd igr bhlp. Tbos aoed gi mgkplcoet os egt loah tbh jrukfloej ced mgkplcoeoej gi Osrchl oe tbh woldhrehss. Tbhrh tbhy mgkplcoehd cjcoest Jgd wbolh sphcaoej tg hcmb gtbhr wotb fcd cttotudhs. Oe tbh lckhets tbh psclkosts mgkplcoe gi tbhor sotuctoge. Ced tbgujb irhhly hxprhssoej tbhor d oscppgoe oscppgoetkhet tkhet wotb Jgd, tbhy crh tureoej tg tg bok, bok, egt cwcy. Tbh mgkpgehets gi lckhet psclks kcy phrigrk shvhrcl mgkkueomctoge rglhs0 rglhs0 oeotoc l cpphcl tg fh bhcrd, lckhet gvhr dostrhss, cmmusctoge cjcoest cjcoe st hehkohs, mgkplcoet mgkplcoet cjcoest Jgd, mlcok gi oeegmhemh gr lgyclty, mgeihssoge gi soe, phtotoge, okprhmctoge, kgtovctoge tg ceswhr, stcthkhet gi mgeiodhemh, ced vgw tg prcosh Jgd. C lckhet psclk dghs egt ehmhsscroly bcvh cll gi tbhsh hlhkhets, ced tbhor grdhr kcy vcry. Fut tbhsh lcfhls (frohily dhsmrofhd oe tbh quoma rhihrhemh mbcrts) prgvodh c bhlpiul wcy tg trcma tbh jhehrcl ilgw gi tbgujbt. Oe cddotoge, twg phrheeocl quhstoges phrkhcth tbh lckhet psclks0 “Zby7‛ ced “Bgw lgej7‛ Zby os tbos bcppheoej7 Bgw lgej woll ot lcst7 Typomclly tbhsh quhstoges gmmur oe tbh lckhet, cmmusctoge, gr mgkplcoet shmtoges. Tbhy hkpbcsozh tbh dostrhss ced cejst tbct mbcrcmthrozh tbos mcthjgry gi psclk.
^sclks gi Mgeiodhemh Fhmcush psclks gi lckhet typomclly bcvh c stcthkhet gi mgeiodhemh, psclks gi mgeiodhemh crh githe mgesodhrhd tg bcvh dhvhlgphd irgk lckhets oetg c mcthjgry gi tbhor gwe. Tbhy kcy stoll bcvh frohi hlhkhets gi phtotoge, rhihrhemh tg doiiomultohs gr hehkohs, gr cii orkct oges gi lgyclty, lgyclty, fut oe tbh kcoe tbhy t bhy sphca gi mgeiodhemh oe tbh Lgrd ‟s mcrh ced prgthmtoge (mi. ^s. 6=). Tbhy kcy sgued sokolcr sokol cr tg c byke byke gi tbceasjovoej, tbceasj ovoej, fut tbh byke gi tbceasjovoej thlls gi c stgry irgk tbh pcst wbolh tbh byke gi mgeiodhemh prg`hmts oetg tbh iuturh.
Vgycl ^sclks C rgycl psclk os geh tbct oevglvhs tbh aoej ced kcy clsg fhlgej tg cegtbhr mcthjgry. Tbct os, tbh aoej kcy fh tbh sphcahr oe c lckhet psclk gr byke gi prcosh gr tbceasjovoej. Fut sgkh psclks bcvh ce hxmlusovhly rgycl ecturh, phrbcps fhoej cfgut tbh mgrgectoge gi tbh aoej, Jgd‟s Jgd ‟s mgvhecet mgvhecet wotb tbh loeh gi Dcvod, gr tbh rgycl whddoej, gr fhoej c prcyhr igr tbh aoej kcdh fy tbh mgkkueoty. Tbhsh lctthr aoeds gi psclks crh mlcssoiohd gely cs rgycl psclks. ]gkhtokhs ot os doii omult tg fh mhrtcoe wbhtbhr tbh aoej os ce oethedhd sphcahr oe c jovhe psclk1 tbhrhigrh egt hvhrygeh os oe cjrhhkhet cfgut bgw kcey psclks oevglvh tbh aoej. Githe tbh lost os lokothd tg tbgsh tbct sphmoiomclly khetoge “aoej,‛ “cegoethd,‛ gr “Dcvod.‛ “Dcvod. ‛ Gurs os hxpcedhd, ced cddotogeclly cdd otogeclly wh lost shvhrcl psclks pscl ks cs pgssofly rgycl. Fhoej c rgycl psclk os clsg egt sokply c kctthr gi cutbgrsbop. C psclk kcy fh csmrofhd tg Dcvod fut fh irgk c tokh wbolh ]cul wcs stoll sto ll aoej ced fh prhshrvhd cs ce hxckplh igr bgw ceygeh kojbt prcy oe sokolcr soko lcr mormukstcemhs.
Loturjy ^sclks Zbhe dhsmrofoej loturjy psclks, loturjy loturjy dghs dghs egt khce tbh grdhr gi c rhlojogus shr vomh gr sokply ush oe c shrvomh. shrvomh. C byke tbct os fcsomclly c mcll tg prcosh kcy bcvh cpphcrhd oe c shrvomh shr vomh progr tg bykes gi prcosh gr thstokgeohs gi tbceasjovoej kcdh fy tbh wgrsbophrs. Oe icmt, shvhrcl typhs kcy bcvh cpphcrhd oe tbh grdhr gi c shrvomh, shr vomh, sg oi ush oe c shrvomh shrvomh whrh tbh gely mrothroc, wh wguld prgfcfly bcvh tg mlcssoiy cll 38> psclks cs loturjomcl. Oesthcd, tbh ahy mbcrcmthrostom fhboed tbos lcfhl os tbct tbh psclk psc lk mgetcoes rglhs igr doiihrhet sphcahrs. ]hvhrcl sphcahrs, gr sphcaoej vgomhs, cpphcr oe tbh ^sclthr0 oedovoducls, sumb cs tbh aoej, c pr ohst gr prgpbht, tbh mgkkge wgrsbophr, hehkohs, gr hvhe Jgd, ced clsg jrgups, sumb cs tbh csshkflhd mgkkueoty, phgplh cpprgcmboej gr lhcvoej @hrusclhk, prohsts, gr tbh jcthahhphrs. 3:
]gkh psclks bcvh c dhlofhrcth oethrplcy fhtwhhe twg gr kgrh gi tbhsh vgomhs. Fut, igr hxckplh, tbh rhmotctoge rhmotct oge gi tbh hehkohs‟ wgrds crh egt loturjomcl. Bgwhvhr, wbhe c psclk hevosoges kultoplh pcrtohs oe ots phrigrkcemh igr c shrvomh shrvomh gr oevoths tbh khdotctovh rhcdhr tg vohw ot sg, wh mcll ot loturjomcl.
Oestrumtogecl ced Zosdgk ^sclks Kgst githe tbh tbh psclkost s cddrhss Jgd, mryoej mryo ej gut igr bhlp gr rhspgedoej oe prcosh. ]gkhtokhs tbhy cddrhss phgplh, sumb sumb cs kcaoej c mcll tg tbh mgkkueoty tg prcosh Jgd, gr tbh prohst ced phgplh cddrhss hcmb gtbhr. Fhyged tbhsh hxmbcejhs, quoth c ihw psclks bcvh ct lhcst c shmtoge oe wbomb tbhy oestrumt. Tbh thcmboej kcy gr kcy egt fh loah c prgpbhtom wgrd ced kcy cddrhss tbh a oej, tbh phgplh, gr hvhe igrhojehrs. Tbhsh thcmboej pgrtoges crh kgst githe hkfhddhd oe psclks mlcssoiohd cs gtbhr typhs. Tbhrhigrh kgst gi tbh psclks tbct crh mcl lhd “koxhd‛ “koxhd‛ oe typh ty ph crh oe pcrt pcrt oestrumtogecl. oestr umtogecl. C skcl lhr eukfhr bcvh sgkh sgkh kgrh sphmoiom mbcrcmthrostoms loah prgvhrfs ced gtbhr wosdgk lothrcturh oe tbh Foflh. Tbhsh crh githe mcllhd wosdgk psclks.
suphrsmroptoges os egt cs mlhcr tg us cs wh wguld loah. Geh rhsult os tbct kcey Foflh trceslctoges sokply tcah sgkh gi tbh Bhfrhw wgrds ced sphll tbhk wotb Hejlosb Hejlo sb lhtthrs, sumb cs koatck koatck (^ss. (^ss. 39, 89 ” 9>). Tbh ueicko u eicko locr Bhfrh Bhfrhw w wgrds ced tbh uemhrtcoety gi sgkh gi tbhor khceoejs khceoejs w oll kcah kc ah tbos shmtoge shhk c fot kgrh thmbeomcl tbce tbh rhst gi tbh oetrgdumtoge. C lost gi ueusucl thrks oe tbh ^sclthr cpphcrs ct tbh hed gi tbos shmtoge wotb prgeuemoctoge juodhs ced pgssoflh khceoejs (shh pcjh 6?).
^hrsges
Tbh phgplh oe tbh suphrsmroptoges oemludh tbh pgsotoge gi “dorhmtgr‛ ced shvhrcl phgplh khetogehd fy eckh0 Dcvod, Cscpb, tbh ]ges gi Agrcb, Kgshs, ]glgkge, Htbce, ced Bhkce. Tbh thrk “dorhmtgr‛ gr “lhcdhr‛ mgkhs irgk tbh Bhfrhw khectstshcb (khb-ecbts-tscy-cab). Tbh pbrcsh khectstshcb “igr tbh dorhmtgr‛ gmmurs gmmurs oe ioi ty-i ty-iovh ovh suphrsmropsuphrsmroptoges, cll fut gemh cs tbh ior st wgrd. Hvhry Hvhry gmmurrhemh os oe c psclk gi Dcvod, Cscpb, gr tbh ]ges gi Agrcb. Iurtbhrkgrh, tbhsh crh tbh gely psclks tbct khetoge gtbhr kusomcl csphmts. Tbos phrsge shhks tg fh sgkh aoed gi “dorhmtgr gi kusom‛ (EOY), (EO Y), sumb cs c “mbgor “mbgor dorhmtgr‛ (EC]F) gr pgssofly c kcsthr gi mhrhkgeohs, tbgujb sgkh bcvh wgedhrhd wbhtbhr tbh “lhcdhr‛ mguld rhlcth tg c rglh igr igr tbh aoej gr gtbhr giiomocl. Ct iorst jlcemh, tbh phrsgecl eckhs khetogehd oe tbh suphrsmroptoges cpphcr tg fh cutbgrs. Fut tbh phrsgecl eckhs crh prhmhdhd fy tbh sckh Bhfrhw prhpgsotoge cs tbh “d orhmtgr,‛ ced oe geh ]uphrsmroptoges psclk kgrh tbce geh eckh os khetogehd khetogehd (^s. 22 Mlcssoiyoej tbh ^sclks cmmgrdoej tg tbhor typh, khetoges tbh ]ges gi Agrcb ced Bhkce). Tbos “igr,‛ gr gr jherh, bhlps us jht c bcedlh ge shvhrcl tb oejs, prhpgsotoge (Bhf., lh ) mguld khc e “fy,‛ “igr,‛ “lh Dcvod,‛ ot mguld fut tbhsh crh gur kgdhre lcfhls. Kgst gi tbh 38> “cfgut.‛ ]g oi tbh ^sclk os “lh fy Dcvod, Dcvod, wrotthe wr otthe gr mgllhmthd psclks mgkh wotb tbhor gwe bhcdoejs, mcllhd khce ot os wrotthe fy Dcvod, gr wrotthe cfgut Dcvod Dcvod gr tbh Dcvodom suphrsmroptoges. Tbhsh kcy mgetcoe rhihrhemhs igr Dcvod, tg phrsges, bostgromcl oeigrkctoge, mlcssoiomc- loeh. Ced quoth pgssofly ot dghs egt khce tbh tbo ej oe hcmb mcsh. ]gkh kcy fh fy Dcvod toges, gr kusomcl csphmts. Tbhy mce clsg fh ushd sckh tboej tg plcmh tbh ^sclks oetg jrgups. Xeigrtuecthly, wbolh gtbhrs crh igr gr cfgut Dcvod gr tbh rhojetbh khceoej gi kumb gi tbh kcthrocl oe tbh oej aoej gi tbh Dcvodom dyecsty. (Fgtb tbh Dhcd
Mgllhmtoges ced Crr r c e j h k h e t s o e C tbh ^sclthr
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]hc ]mrglls‟ mgpohs gi tbh ^sclks ced tbh cemohet Jrhha trceslctoge, tbh ]hptucjoet, pgsotoge “lh “ lh Dcvod‛ oe irget gi kgrh ^sclk s tbce gur Foflhs, wbomb kcy oedomcth tbct smrofhs bcd fhhe cddoej tbos totlh tg ^sclks ^sc lks igr tbhor gwe purpgshs.) purpgshs.) Gi tbh phgplh eckhd oe tbh suphrsmroptoges, Dcvod, ]glgkge, ced Kgshs crh whll aegwe, cs os os Dcvod‟s rhputctoge rhputctoge cs c kusomoce ced sgejwrothr. sgej wrothr. Tbh lhsshr-aegwe eckhs jg fcma tg cppgoetkhets kcdh fy Dcvod. Tbh ]ges gi Agrcb rhcmb fcma tg tbh tokh gi Kgshs. Agrcb lhd c rhfhlloge (Euk. 39) ced wcs swcllgwhd up oe ce hcrtbqucah, fut bos sges survovhd (Euk. 69033). Tbhy ced tbhor dhsmhedhets shrvhd cs Lhvoths. Tbhy suppgrthd Dcvod duroej tbh tokh gi ]cul (3 Mbrge. 3609), ced Dcvod cppgoethd tbhk cs jcthahhphrs igr tbh thkplh (3 Mbrge. 6903?), c pgsotoge tbhy rhsukhd cithr tbh hxolh (3 Mbrge. ?03?). Dcvod clsg cppgoethd Cscpb, c shhr wbg prgpbhsohd, cs mbohi kusomoce (3 Mbrge. 3908, :, =:1 68061 6 Mbrge. 6?0=>1 Ehb. 36049) ced cppgoethd gtbhrs, oemludoej Bhkce ced Htbce (3 Mbrge. 3803?). Tbh dhsmhedcets gi Cscpb clsg rhsukhd tbhor dutohs cithr tbh hxolh (Hzrc 6043).
Bostgromcl Oeigrkctoge Bostgromcl oeigrkctoge clwcys gmmurs lcst oe tbh suphrsmroptoges ced cpphcrs gely oe psclks gi Dcvod. Tborthhe suphrsmroptoges mgetcoe bostgromcl oeigrkctoge (^ss. =, :, 32, =4, 83, 86, 84, 89, 8:,, 8?, 9>, 9=, 346). 8: 346). Ot os egt mhrtco mhr tcoe e wbhtbhr tbhsh pcrts gi tbh suphrsmroptoges whrh cll pheehd fy Dcvod, whrh trcdotoges prhshrvhd fy tbh prohsts ced wrotthe lcthr, gr whrh sokply oethrprhtovh sujjhstoges kcdh fy smrofhs igr uedhrstcedoej tbh psclks oe lojbt gi tbh cmmguets oe 3 ced 6 ]ckuhl. ]ckuhl. Cddotogeclly, sgkh psclks rhihr tg gmmcsoges tbgujb egt tg tbh bostgromcl mormukstcemhs gi Dcvod‟s loih. ^sclk => os igr tbh “dhdomctoge gi tbh bgush‛ (TEOY (TEO Y, “thkplh‛), wbomb kojbt rhihr tg tbh thkplh gr pclcmh. ^sclk 48 os c “whddoej sgej‛ igr tbh aoej. ^sclk ?6 os “Igr tbh ]cffctb
dcy.‛ ^sclk 3>> os “Igr jovoej jrcthiul prcosh.‛ Ced ^sclk 3>6 os “C prcyhr gi ce ciilomthd kce. Zbhe bh os icoet ced pgurs gut bos lckhet fhigrh tbh L���‛ (EOY).
Mlcssoiomctoges Tbh khceoej gi tbh mlcssoiomctoges os egt clwcys mlhcr, sg tbh trceslctoges githe ush tbh Bhfrhw wgrds oesthcd gi c trceslctoge. Tbh tbrhh kgst mgkkge mlcssoiomctoges crh (3) kozkgr , “psclk‛1 (6) sbor , “sgej‛1 ced (=) kcsaol , wbomb shhks tg khce igr saollhd plcyoej gr igr jovoej uedhrstcedoej stcedo ej (soemh tbh rggt gi tbh wgrd rhlcths tg saoll saol l gr uedhrstcedoej). C sphmocl mcthjgr y gi “sgejs‛ os tbh “]gejs gi Csmhets,‛ ^sclks 36> ” 3=4. Tbh hxcmt doi ihrhe ihrhemh mh fhtwhhe c “psclk‛ ced c “sgej‛ os egt mgkplhthly mhrtcoe, ced sgkh psclks crh mlcssoi ohd cs fgtb. ^gssofly tbh totlh “psclk‛ (koz(kozkgr ) rhihrs tg oestrukhetctoge ced “sgej‛ (sbor ( sbor ) rhihrs tg c vgmcl hlhkhet, wbomb wguld hxplcoe wby fgtb mce fh cpplohd tg tbh sckh mgkpgsotoge. Fgtb “psclk‛ (kozkgr (kozkgr ) ced “sgej‛ (sbor (sbor ) cpphcr oe psclks tbct crh lckhets cs whll cs bykes ced gtbhr typhs. Kcsaol clsg clsg cpphcrs cs tbh bhcdoej oe shvhrcl typhs ty phs gi psclks, tbgujb ot bcs egt fhhe cpplohd tg cey bykes gi prcosh. C ihw psclks crh lcfhlhd cs c “prcyhr‛ (thpbollcb thpbollcb), ), “prcosh‛ (thbollcb (thbollcb), ), koatck koatck,, gr sboj jcoge jcog e (sboj-juy-gwe), tbh khceoej gi tbh lctthr twg fhoej quoth uemlhcr. Tbh iovh psclks lcfhlhd cs c “prcyhr‛ (^ss. 3:, 29, ?>, 3>6, 346) crh cll lckhets oemludoej phtotoge, wbolh tbh soejlh psclk lcfhlhd “prcosh‛ (thbollcb (thbollcb,, ^s. 348), os c byke gi prcosh. Tbh cpplomctoge gi tbh totlhs tg tbhsh psclks os egt surprosoej, fut soemh kgst lckhets ced byk es crh egt lcfhlhd tbos tbo s wcy, wcy, tbh rhcsge igr tbhor ush oe tbhsh mcshs os egt mlhcr. Tbh rggt gi tbh wgrd koatck koatck kcy kcy rhlcth tbos totlh tg tbh odhc gi mgvhroej gr fhoej gvhrwbhlkhd. Fut hvhe oi tbos os sg, bgw ot cpplohs tg tbhsh psclks mce fh okcjoehd oe kcey wcys, lhcvoej us oe tbh dcra. Zh mce gfshrvh, bgwhvhr, tbct tbhsh psclks (^s. 39, c psclk gi mgeiodhemh, ced 3?
^ss. 89 ” 9>, c ll lckhets) mgemhre do rh mormu kstcemhs. ^sclk : os tbh gely sbojjcoge sbojjcoge,, c vcrocet gi wbomb clsg gmmurs oe o e Bcfcaaua Bcfcaa ua =03. =03. Fcshd ge ots rggt, tbh thrk kojbt bcvh tg dg wotb “wcedhroej,‛ wbomb wh mguld mguld okcjoeh okcj oeh kusomclly c s c tueh tbct hkplgys c wodh rcejh gi egths (wcedhroej up ced c ed dgwe tbh smclh). ]bojjcoge ]bojjcoge bcs bcs clsg fhhe mgeehmthd wotb tbh odhc gi “ihrvgr‛ gr “pcssogecth lckhet.‛ Fut tbhsh crh gely juhsshs1 eg geh rhclly aegws.
Kusomcl Csphmts Kusomcl csphmts gmmur gely oe suphrsmroptog suphrsmroptoges es tbct clsg scy, “Igr tbh dorhmtgr gi kusom.‛ ^sclks 4, 9, 84, 88, 93, 9:, ced :9 crh scod tg fh cmmgkpceohd “wotb‛ gr plcyhd “ge‛ stroejhd oestrukhets (mcllhd ehjoegtb ehjoegtb,, ehb-jhh-egth) ehb-jhh-egth) ced ^sclk 8 ge c woed oestrukhet (ehmbolgt (ehmbolgt , ehb-abhh-lgth, githe trceslcthd “i luth luth‛). ‛). ^gssofly ^gssofly ^sclks 9 ced 36 rhihr tg ce hojbt-stroejhd oestrukhet, c typh gi lyrh (sbhkoeotb (sbhkoeotb,, sbhb-khh-ehht). C ihw psclks kcy rhihr tg oestrukhet tue oejs, hotbhr igr kclh vgomhs (^ss. 9 ced 36, cegtbhr uedhrstcedoej gi sbhkoeotb)) gr igr ihkclh vgomhs (^s. 49, wbomb os clsbhkoeotb clckgtb,, ced ^s. ?, wbomb os clkut lcffhe, clckgtb lcffhe, tbgujb tbos os uedhrstggd cs c tueh t ueh oe tbh EOY). ]gkh gi tbh kcthrocl oe tbh suphrsmroptoges kcy rhihr tg kusomcl stylhs, phrbcps irgk doiihrhet motohs gr rhjoges oe tbh Ehcr Hcst. Hxckplhs oemludh ^sclks 2, 23, 24 ( jottotb ( jottotb,, jot-thht), ^sclks e, yhb-dgg-tgge), ^sclk 8= =?, 96, :: ( `hdutbu ( `hdutbue (kcbclctb kcbclctb,, kcb-abcb-lgt), kcb-abc b-lgt), ced ^sclk ^scl k 22 (kcbclctb (kcbclctb lhceegtb,, kcb-abcb-lgt lhb-ce-egth). Twg gi tbh lhceegtb thrks cfgvh, sbhkoeotb sbhkoeotb ced ced clckgtb clckgtb/ /clkut sbguld sbguld fh oemludhd oe tbos pgssofoloty. Tbh sckh os truh igr suphrsmroptoges suphrsmroptoges trceslcthd trce slcthd cs “cmmgrdoej tg tbh tueh gi.‛ Tbh pbrcsh “tbh tueh gi‛ os egt oe tbh Bhfrhw fut os sgkhtokhs supplohd cs c juhss igr uedhrstcedoej tbh pbrcshs tbct igllgw, sumb cs “Lolohs‛ (^ss. 48, 9?), “Loly gi tbh Mgvhecet‛ (^s. 9>), gr “Tbh Dgh gi tbh Kgreoej‛ (^s. 66), fut tbh thxts gi tbhsh t bhsh pbrcshs crh cl l quhstogecflh (shh (shh clsg cl sg ^ss. ^s s. ?, 89 ” 8?, :8, 2>). 6>
Mgllhmtoges Lhcvoej csodh tbh kcey psclks gi Dcvod, tbhrh crh igur kcoe sufmgllhmtoges wotboe tbh ^sclthr0 psclks gi Cscpb, psclks gi tbh ]ges gi Agrcb, sgejs gi csmhets, ced bcllhlu`cb psclks.
^sclks gi Cscpb Tbh psclks lcfhlhd “gi Cscpb‛ (^ss. 8>, := ” 2=) kojbt clsg bcvh fhhe mgkpgshd gr mgllhmthd fy bos dhsmhedcets. Tbhkctomclly tbhy dhvgth c jggd dhcl gi tbgujbt tg ossuhs gi Jgd‟s `ustomh fgtb wotboe Osrchl Osr chl ced oe bgw Osrchl ced tbh ectoges rhlcth. ]tylostomclly, tbhsh psclks sbgw c prhihrhemh igr rhihrroej tg Jgd fy tbh eckh, gr rctbhr totlh, Hlgbok, oesthcd gi fy bos eckh, _cbwhb (igrk (igrkhrly hrly ko kosued suedhrs hrstggd tggd cs @hbgvc @hbgvcb). b). Tbh Cscpboth psclks psclk s oemludh shvhrcl shvhrcl oestcemhs oest cemhs gi c prgpbhtom gr dovoeh vgomh, ce hkpbcsos ge bostgry, ced rhihrhemhs tg tbh mgvhecet.
^sclks gi tbh ]ges gi Agrcb Tbh twg Agrcboth mgllhmtoges, ^sclk s 46 ” 4? ced 24 2 4 ” 22 (hxmhpt 29), 2 9), oemludh vcroht vc rohty, y, wbhtbhr khcsurhd fy tbh cemohet mlcssoiomctoges gr fy tbh lcfhls gi kgdhre kgdhre ty phs. Tbhy tcah us tg tbh bojbhst lhvhls gi mgeiodhemh oe shvhrcl Poge sgejs ced tg tbh lgwhst pgoets gi dosmgurcjhkhet oe phrbcps tbh twg dcrahst lckhets gi tbh ^sclthr0 ^scl k 44, c mgkkuecl lckhet, ced ^sclk 22, ce oedovoducl lckhet. Tbh ]ges gi Agrcb clsg jovh us tbh gely whddoej sgej oe tbh ^sclthr. Tbh iorst mgllhmtoge gi Agrcboth psclks os loah tbgsh gi Cscpb oe icvgroej tbh totlh Hlgbok wbhe rhihrroej tg Jgd1 bgwhvhr, tbh shmged mgllhmtoge icvgrs usoej tbh dovoeh eckh _cbwhb.
]gejs gi Csmhets Ioit hhe psclk Ioithhe ps clk s, 36> ” 3=4, crh lcfhlhd “C ]gej gi Csmhets.‛ Tbhsh sgejs oemludh oedovoducl ced mgkkuecl lckhets, psclks gi mgeiodhemh, Poge sgejs, wosdgk psclks, rgycl psclks, ced psclks gi koxhd typh. Fut tbh bhcvy hkpbcsos
ge @hrusclhk tbrgujbgu tb rgujbgutt tbos tb os shmtoge, mgkfoehd wotb gtbhr icmtgrs, bcs frgujbt tbh jrhcthst suppgrt igr tbh odhc tbct tbhsh whrh psclks suej wbhe jgoej jgoej ge c poljrokcjh poljr okcjh tg @hrusclhk. ^scl k 366 hxplomotly tclas gi poljrokcjh (mi. Hx. 6403=1 =406=1 L hv. 6=04 ” 21 c ed Dhut. 39 ge rhloj r hlojogus ogus `gurehys tg t g @hrusclhk). @hrus clhk). Tbh mhetrcl mhetrc l psclk psc lk gi tbos tbo s jrgup, ^sclk 36:, bcs fhhe cssgmocthd wotb ]glgkge igr ots khetoge gi tbh “bgush,‛ tcahe tg khce tbh thkplh. C eukfhr bcvh bcvh bcrvhst bcr vhst okcjhry, wbomb sujjhsts tbh Ihcst gi Tcfhrecmlhs. Ced lcthr @hwosb trcdotoge sujjhsts tbct t bh Lhvoths, ct sgkh pgoet pgoet cithr tbh rhtur e irgk hxolh, scej tbhsh t bhsh ioithhe io ithhe psclks dur oej tbh Ihcst gi Tcfhrecmlhs Tcfhrecmlhs cs tbhy whet up tbh ioithhe sthps fhtwhhe tbh guthr mgurts gi tbh thkplh. Tbos dghs egt khce tbct tbhy whrh grojoeclly mgkpgshd cs geh jrgup gr tbct tbhy whrh tbh gely psclks hvhr suej ge c poljrokcjh, poljro kcjh, fut tbct tbhy fhmckh cssgmocthd gvhr tokh, ced trcdotoge t rcdotoge jrguphd tbhk tgjhtbhr. tgjhtbhr.
Bcllhlu`cb ^sclks Ioithhe psclks hotbhr fhjoe gr hed, gr dg fgtb, wotb tbh Bhfrhw okphrctovh bcllhluycb bcllhluycb,, “^rcosh tbh L���.‛ ^sclk 334 os usuclly oemludhd wotb tbhsh fhmcush gi ots mbcrcmthr ced oe pcrt ge tbh pgssofoloty tbct tbh bcllhluycb mlgsoej ^sclk 33= fhlgejs wotb ^sclk 334. Tbhy kgstly icll oetg tbrhhh jrgups tbrh jrgups,, ^scl ks 3>4 ” 3>9, 33 333 3 ” 33 33: :, ced 349 ” 38>, fut clsg c lsg 3=8. Hcmb H cmb os cegeykgus, lcmaoej cey suphrsmroptoge. Oe jhehrcl tbhy crh bykes gi prcosh gr tbceasjovoej, tbceasjov oej, tbgujb gmmcsogeclly gi koxhd ty ph. Tbh t wg jrgups ^scl ks 3>4 ” 3>9 ced 349 ” 38> hed tbh igurtb ced i oitb fggas gi tbh ^sclthr.
Tbh Iovh Fggas Tbh iorst twg psclks gi fgga 3 gi tbh ^sclthr, ^sclks 3 ” 43 43,, crh oetrgdumtgry oetrgdumtgry.. ^sclk ^sc lk 3 os c wosdgk psclk. Ot cdvgmcths tbh study gi Jgd‟s lcw ced khdotctoge ge bos Zgrd. Tbos hemgurcjhs us tg trhct tbh ^sclthr cs c fgga igr study ced mgethkplctoge. ^sclk 6 os rgycl ced mhlhfrcths
tbh Lgrd‟s rulh tbrgujb tbh aoej oe @hrusc lhk. Ot kcy bcvh fhhe ushd hcmb tokh c ehw aoej wcs mrgwehd. Tbus ot oetrgdumhs us tg tbh ^sclthr wotb rgycl mgemhres, wbomb crh vosothd cjcoe ct ahy pgoets oe tbh fgga. ^sclk 6 wcs prgfcfly plcmhd cs tbh oetrgdumtoge oetrgdumt oge tg fgga fgga 3, wbolh ^sclk 3 wcs plcmhd cs ce oetrgdumtoge tg tbh wbglh ^sclthr. _ht tbh flhssoejs fhjoeeoej ^sclk 3 ced mgemludoej mgem ludoej ^sclk ^scl k 6 cmt cs c s frcmahts crgued tbhk, hemgurcjoej us tg rhcd tbhk tgjhtbhr. Cithr tbh cegeykgus ^sclks 3 ced 6, ehcrly cll tbh psclks oe fgga 3 crh “gi Dcvod.‛ Tbh hxmhptoges crh ^sclks 3> ced ==, wbomb bcvh eg suphrsmroptoge. ^sclk ^sclk 3> os cmtucl ly pcrt gi ^sclk ?. ^sclk == fhjoes vhry sokolcrly tg tbh hed gi ^sclk =6, wbomb prgfcfly cmmguets igr ot fhoej plcmhd tbhrh. Fut oe tbh kcoe, fgga 3 os c mgllhmtoge gi Dcvodom psclks igllgwoej c rgycl psclk. Fgga 3 bcs shvhrcl kgrh rgycl psclks, shvhrcl oestrumtogecl psclks, ced twomh cs kcey lckhets cs bykes. byke s. Vhihrhemhs Vhihrhemhs tg Jgd crh c rh prhdgkoecetly fy bos eckh _cbwhb. Fgga 6 mgesosts prokcroly gi psclks gi tbh ]ges gi Agrcb ced tbgsh gi Dcvod. Tbh Agrcboth pscl ks, 46 ” 4?, crh shpcrcthd shpc rcthd irgk tbh t bh Dcvodom pscl ks fy geh gi Cscpb, Cs cpb, 8>. ^scl ^sclks ks 83 ” :3 crh kgstly gi Dcvod. ^sclks 99 ced 9: crh cegeykgus fut bcvh suphrsmroptoges, wbolh ^sclk :3 bcs eg suphrsmroptoge ced kcy fhlgej cs pcrt gi ^sclk :>. ^sclk :6 os cssgmocthd wotb ]glgkge. Cs c rgycl psclk ot os loah c fggahed wotb ^sclk 6 ge tbh gtbhr sodh. Tbh jhehrcl lcma gi lothrcmy ced hkpbcsos ge psclks pscl ks gi/igr Dcvod Dcvod kcy khce tbct tbh iorst twg fggas whrh grojoeclly khcet iorst io rst igr c rgycl rhcdhrsbop. Tbh Tbh totlh Hlgbok os icr kgrh mgkkge tbce Jgd‟s Jgd ‟s eckh oe ^sclks ^sc lks 46 ” :3 (Hlgbok (Hlgb ok 32=1 _cbwhb =3) =3).. Fut loah l oah fgga 3, tbhrh crh cfgut twomh cs kcey lckhets cs bykes, ced tbh eukfhr gi rgycl ced oestrumtogecl psclks os cfgut tbh sckh cs tbh eukfhr gi bykes. Tbh shvhethhe shvhethhe psclks gi fgga = crh kcoely pscl ks gi Cscpb ( ^ss. := ” 2=) ced gi tbh ]ges gi Agrcb (^ss. 24 ” 28, 2: ” 22), t gjhtbhr wotb 63
geh gi Dcvod (^s. 29) ced geh gi Htbc e (^s. 2?). oej tg c loturjy (^s. 332) ced tbh ueoquh ^sclk Tbh psclks gi Cscpb mgetoeuh oe tbh pctthre gi 33 33?, ?, hkpbcsozo hkpbc sozo ej Jgd‟s lcw. ^sc lks 36> ” 3=4 ^sclks 46 ” :3, prhihrroej tbh totlh Hlgbok gvhr crh psclks gi csmhets. Tbh iorst shvhe ced tbh tbh eckh _cbwhb (4= tg 3=), wbolh tbh rhst gi lcs lcstt shvhe, 36> ” 369 ced 362 ” 3=4, hcmb h cmb ush u sh tbh fgga =, oemludoej tbh shmged shmt oge gi tbh sges Lgrd‟s eckh twhety-igur tokhs ced oemludh twg gi Agrcb, prhihrs tbh eckh _cbwhb (=3 tg 39). psclks gi Dcvod, wbolh tbh mhethr psclk gi tbh Fgga = heds wotb c rgycl psclk, cs dghs fgga jrgup os gi ]glgkge. Igllgwoej tbrhh psclks 6, tbgujb egt wotb sumb c pgsotovh gutlgga igr wotbgut suphrsmroptoges crh shvhe kgrh gi tbh aoejsbop. Cjcoe tbh eukfhr gi lckhets os Dcvod ( ^ss. 3=2 ” 348). C shr ohs gi iovh bcl lhlucfgut dguflh tbct gi bykes, wbolh tbh euk- `cb pscl p scl ks ( ^ss. 349 ” 38>) mlgsh tbh fgga. Fgga fhr gi rgycl psclks os sokolcr tg tbh eukfhr gi 8 cjcoe icvgrs ush gi tbh Lgrd‟s eckh _cbwhb bykes, fut tbhrh os c bojbhr eukfhr gi oestrum- gvhr Hlgbok (6=9 tg =3). Loah fgga 4, ot bcs togecl psclks. kgrh bykes tbce lckhets lc khets (6= tg 3=). 3=). Ot clsg bcs c Tbh shvhethhe psclks gi fgga 4, ^sclks bcediul gi rgycl psclks psclk s ced c mguplh mguplh bcediuls gi ?> ” 3>9, crh cr h kgst ly c egeykgus, fut wotb geh oestrumtogecl psclks. cssgmocthd wotb Kgshs (?>) ced twg wotb Dcvod Zbhe wh lgga fcma ge tbh wbglh ^sclthr, wh (3>3, (3> 3, 3>=). 3>=). Tbh Lgrd Lgrd‟s ‟s eckh, _cbwhb, prhdgkoprhdgko - mce shh c lggsh ckguet gi grjceozct oge fcshd ge ecths gvhr Hlgbok wbhe rhihrr oej tg Jgd (3>8 tg eckhs gi “cutbgrs‛ ced eckhs gi Jgd. Vgycl 64). Fut egw bykes guteukfhr lckhets tbrhh tg psclks stced ct ahy pgoets oe tbh iorst tbrhh geh (3= tg 4), 4), ced tbhrh crh c rh cfgut tbh sckh sc kh euk- fggas. Ced lckhets dokoeosb cithr fgga = oe fhr gi rgycl ced oestrumtogecl psclks cs lckhets. icvgr gi bykes oe tbh igurtb ced ioitb fggas. Tbrhh bcllhlu bcl lhlu`cb `cb psclks pscl ks hed fgga 4. Hcmb gi tbh iovh fggas heds wotb c dgxglgjy Fgga 8, ^sclk s 3>: ” 38>, os cjco e kgstly (mi. ^ss. 43 4303=1 03=1 :6032 ” 3?1 2?0861 3>90421 38>09), cegeykgus fut oemludhs ioithhe io ithhe gi Dcvod ced geh tbgujb tbh shrohs gi bcllhlu`cb psclks hedoej gi ]glgkge. Ossuhs rcoshd ct tbh hed gi fgga 4 oe fgga 8 kcjeoiohs tbos icr kgrh tbce tbh prhvo^sclk 3>9 crh cddrhsshd oe ^sclk 3>:, wbomb os gus fggas. ]gkh phgplh clsg shh ce hkpbcso s ge igllgwhd fy tbrhh psclks gi Dcvod. Ehxt crh c hsmbctglgjomcl bgph oe tbh frgcd swhhp gi tbh shrohs gi bc llhlu`cb pscl psclks ks (^ss. 33 333 3 ” 33 33:), :), lhcd- prgjrhssoge gi tbh ^sclks.
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Tbh ^ghtr ^ghtryy gi tbh ^sclks
Z
h tcla tcl a cfgut stcezcs ced c ed pghtom loehs, fut tbh loehs dg egt rbykh, ced tbh stcezcs crh egt loah tbgsh gi kgdhre bykes. Tbh Bhfrhw pghtry gi tbh Foflh os egt loah Hejlosb pghtry. Oesthcd gi tboeaoej gi pghtom loehs tbct bcvh rbykoej wgrds ct tbh hed, c loeh gi pghtry irgk tbh ^sclks usuclly bcs twg gr tbrhh kcoe shjkhets. Tbos os wby kcey Foflh trceslctoges ush oedhetctoges oe loehs gi pghtry. Tbh iorst shjkhet stcrts ct tbh hdjh gi tbh kcrjoe1 igllgwoej shjkhets crh slojbtly oedhethd. Fhmcush tbh shjkhets githe crh wodhr tbce tbh kcrjoes, tbh shjkhets bcvh tg wrcp crgued, rhsultoej oe kgrh oedhetctoge tg ahhp hcmb shjkhet tgjhtbhr ced dostoemt irgk tbh gtbhrs. Zotb sg kumb oedhetctoge, ot mce fh hcsy tg lgsh trcma. ^lus ot os egt cs sokplh cs igllgwoej tbh vhrsh eukfhrs, fhmcush tbh vhrsh eukfhrs dg egt ehmhsscr ehmhsscroly oly kctmb tbh pghtom loehs. ]gkhtokhs c Foflh vhrsh woll bcvh kgrh tbce geh pghtom loeh, ced sgkhtokhs gely pcrt gi geh. C Bhfrhw pghtom loeh githe bcs kgrh tbce geh shjkhet (ced kcy fh mcllhd c kgegmglge, fomglge, gr tromglge, dhphedoej ge wbhtbhr ot bcs geh, twg, gr tbrhh pcrts). Tbh pcrts crh usuclly frohi ced gi sokolcr lhejtb oe Bhfrhw, tbgujb Hejlosb dghs egt rhprhshet tbos whll. Oesthcd gi rbykoej, tbh pcrts gi tbh loeh bcvh c qucloty mcllhd pcrcllhlosk1 pcrc llhlosk1 tbh pcrts pcrt s wgra tgjhtbhr tgjhtbhr cs shts tg mgevhy tbhor kcoe odhc. Tbhy kcy wgra tgjhtbhr tgjhtbhr wotb tbh shmged loeh rhstctoej tbh sckh odhc (syegeykgus (syegeykgus pcrcllhlosk, pcrc llhlosk, h.j., ^s. 3?03 3?03), ), jovoej jovo ej ots gppgsoth (cetotbhtom (cet otbhtom pcrcl pc rcl lhlosk lhlosk,, h.j., ^s. :803 :803>), >), gr mgkplhtoej tbh tbgujbt fhjue oe tbh prhvogus loeh (syetbhtom pcrcllhlosk, h.j., ^s. 33?033). ]yegeykgus pcrcllhlosk0 pc rcllhlosk0 ^sclk 3?03 3?03 Tbh bhcvhes dhmlcrh tbh jlgry gi Jgd1 tbh saohs prgmlcok tbh wgra gi bos bceds.
Cetotbhtom pcrcllhlosk0 ^sclk :803> :803> O wol wolll mut gii tbh bgres gi cll tbh womahd, fut tbh bgres gi tbh rojbthgus woll fh loithd up.
]yetbhtom pcrcllhlosk0 ^sclk 33?033 O bcvh boddhe ygur wgrd oe ky bhcrt tbct O kojbt egt soe cjcoest ygu.
6=
Zbhe shvhrcl loehs igrk c jrgup wotb c sokolcr purpgsh, wh mcll tbct c stcezc, fut tbos os c doiihrhet ush gi tbh thrk tbce tbh crrcejhkhet gi stcezcs oe c kgdhre byke. Fhmcush gi tbhsh mbcrcmthrostoms, c jggd rhcdoej strcthjy os tg trhct hcmb pghtom loeh, fomglge gr tromglge, cs c pcmacjh pcmacj h ced rhi lhmt ge bgw bgw tbh pcrts pcrt s wgra tgjhtbhr tg scy ce odhc ced jovh ot eucemhs. Tbhe prgmhhd tg tbh stcezc s ced mgesodhr bgw bgw tbh loehs kc ah up c foj pomturh. Ehxt gfshrvh bgw tbh ilgw gi tbgujbt jghs irgk tbh pomturh oe geh stcezc tg tbh ehxt. Tbh jgcl gi tbh ]trumturh shmtoges oe tbh hetrohs ge tbh ^sclks oe pcrt = os tg cssost wotb odhetoiy-
64
oej tbh stcezcs ced bgw tbhor foj odhcs mgeehmt tgjhtbhr. Tbh psclkosts crh usuclly vhry dhlofhrcth cfgut tbh strumturh strumtu rh gi tbhor mgkpgsotoges. mgkpgsotoges. ^hrbcps tbos os kgst gfvogus gfvogus wotb clpbcfhtom cmrgstoms, oe wbomb hcmb loeh stcrts wotb c summhssovh lhtthr gi tbh Bhfrhw clpbcfht. Fut ot os clsg rhilhmthd oe sykkhtrohs ced pctthres oe tbh lhejtb ced crrcejhkhet gi tbh stcezcs. Igr hxckplh, ^sclk 34: bcs iovh stcezcs. Tbh iorst, tbord, ced ioitb bcvh twg loehs, wbolh tbh shmged ced igurtb hcmb bcvh shvhe loehs, kcaoej ce gvhrcll pctthre gi 6-:-6-:-6.
^hrsgeclozoej tbh ^sclks
^
hrsgeclozoej tbh ^sclks oevglvhs shvhrcl mgevhrsctoges0 wotb shli, wotb ]mropturh, wotb mgkkueoty, ced wotb Jgd. Fy ots plcmhkhet, ^sclk 3 cdvoshs us tbct fhoej rggthd oe Jgd‟s oestrumtoge os hsshetocl igr gur hxplgrctoge ced ush gi tbh ^sclks. Ot prcoshs tbh geh wbg dhlojbts oe ced khdotcths ge tbh Lgrd‟s lcw. “Khdotctoej‛ os cmtucl ly c thrk gi sphcaoej, wbomb mce oemludh tclaoej tg gehshli, gr shli-tcla. Tbh wgrd igr Jgd‟s “lcw,‛ tgrcb tgrcb,, mce khce oestrumtoge oestr umtoge oe c jhehrcl shesh gr fh c rhihrhemh tg tbh Fggas gi tbh Lcw (Jhehsos tbrgujb Dhuthrgegky), wbomb whrh tbh iguedctoge gi Osrchl‟s Foflh, rhlojogus tbgujbt, ced wgrldvohw. Ct tbh sckh tokh, tbh ^sclks tbhkshlvhs crh oetheshly rhlctogecl ced mgevhrsctogecl. Tbhy crh usuclly cddrhsshd tg Jgd ced githe oe tbh shtt oej gi tbh mgkkueoty. Zh Zh droe a tbhk oe kgst dhhply oe tbhsh shvhrcl mgev mgevhrsctoges. hrsctoges. Zbhe wh prcy c psclk, wh crh tcaoej sgkhgeh hlsh‟s wgrds, irgk sgkhgeh hlsh‟s sotuctoge, getg gur lops igr gur sotuctoge. Tbh ^sclks whrh oedhhd dhsojehd igr tbos, fut fhyged sokply ihhloej cttrcmthd tg mhrtcoe vhrshs, bgw dg wh jg cfgut ot7 Zbhe wh rhcd, soej, gr prcy c pscl k, wh hethr oetg c mgevhrsctoge. mgevhrsctoge. Zh Zh kojbt i orst i oed vhrshs tbct shhk mgkphlloej, fut wh jg ge tg rhcd tbh wbglh psclk. Ct tbos pgoet wh tcla tg gurshlvhs, fgtb tg shh oi tbh psclk kctmbhs gur sotuctoge ced oi wh kctmb up tg tbh psclk. Ot os egt c quhstoge gi ioedoej c prhmosh kctmb oe mormukstcemhs. Tbh ^sclks usucl ly ush jhehrcl lcejucjh, prhmoshly sg tbct tbhy mce iot doiihrhet mormukstcemhs gi sok olcr mbcrcmthr ced c ed fh rhushd fy gtbhr gtbhr wgrsbophrs. Zbct os okpgrtcet os tbh mbcrcmthr gi tbh sotuct oge ced gi tbh geh prcyoej. Tbos wcy gi lggaoej ct tbh ^sclks oevglvhs lggaoej ct gurshlvhs. Dghs tbh prgthstctoge gi oeegmhemh iot gur loih, gr wguld mgeihssoge gi soe fh tbh kgst cpprgprocth7 Mgkplcoet tg Jgd os oebhrhetly cpprgvhd cpprgvhd oe tbh lckhets, fut tbh wboe oej ced mgkplcoeoej gi Osrchl oe tbh fggas gi tbh Lcw wcs egt. Zbhrh crh wh7 Bgw crh wh dorhmtoej tbh hehrjy gi gur doscppgoetkhets7 Fy tbos tokh, t okh, wh crh clsg oe c mgevhrsctoge wotb ]mropturh, oe tbos mcsh w otb Tgrcb, Tgrcb, lhttoej ot sphca tg bgw wh vgomh mgkplcoet, lhttoej ]mropturh mrotoquh us oe lojbt gi ots groj oecl cudohemh. Zh Zh bcvh shli-tcla shli-tc la ” hxcko eoej gur lovhs, cpplyoej cpplyoe j tbh lojbt lo jbt gi Tgrcb, ced pgsotogeoej gurshlvhs oe tbh ^sclks. Tg gwe tbhsh hxprhssoges cs gurs, wh egt gely sbcph tbhor wgrds wotb gur kgutbs, fut wh kust lht gur sporots fh juodhd fy tbhor wosdgk. ]g wh mgpy mgpy tbh psclkost s, mbcejoej gut gur pcrtomulcr pcrtomulc r sotuctoge igr tbhors, yht igllgw tbhor lhcd oe cpprgcmboej Jgd. 68
Zh mce, tbhe, prcy tbh ^sclks `ust cs tbhy crh wgrdhd. Oe mbcrcmthr tbhy kcy iot us ced wh iot tbhk vhry mlgshly. Fut ot os clsg cpprgprocth tg pcush oe rhcdoej tbh wgrds gi tbh thxt ced cdd loehs tbct crh sphmoiom tg gur sotuctoge. Tbh psclk kojbt prcosh Jgd gr mcll phgplh tg prcosh, ced wh khetoge sphmoiom tboejs tb oejs Jgd bcs bc s dgeh igr us. ]gkh ]gkh gi tbh cemohet mhrhkgeohs oevothd tbos. Gr wbhe wh lckhet, wh kojbt lht tbh psclkost prgvodh tbh wgrds tbct wh mceegt igrk wbolh oe gur pcoe. Gr oe gur mgevhrsctoge wotb Jgd, wh kojbt hxpced ge tbgsh wgrds fy dhmlcroej gur gwe sphmoiom cii lomtoges, stoll trustoej tbh cttotudh gi gi tbh psclkost tg sbhpbhrd us oe bgw wh sphca tg tbh Clkojbty. Zh clsg shh tbct wh crh oe mgevhrsctoge wotb twg mgkkueotohs, geh tbct iureosbhd us wotb prcyhrs ced geh oe wbomb wh prcy. Cmmhptoej tbh juodcemh gi tbh pcst mgkkueoty gi icotb hxprhsshd oe oesporhd ]mropturh fuolds gur wgrldwgrldvohw ced uedhrstcedoej gi rhlctoej tg Jgd. Tbhrh crh sgkh tboejs, lhssges ced mbcejhs irgk loih hxphrohemh, tbct wh mceegt aegw cbhcd gi
69
tokh. Zbhe mhrtcoe hvhets mgkh gur wcy, wh crrovh ct c plcmh wbhrh sgkh gi tbh bostgromcl mgkkueoty bc s clrhcdy fhhe — ced bc s lhit us wgrds. ]gkh oe gur murrhet mgkkueoty bcvh fhhe tg sumb plcmhs cs whll. Gur ehcrehss tg gur rhcsges tg jovh tbceas gr gur mcushs tg lckhet kcy jovh doiihrhe doi ihrhett lhvhls gi strhejtb ced oethesoty tg gur vgomhs oe doiihrhet pcrts gi c psclk. Zh ehhd tg bhcr tbh mcll gi gtbhrs tg prcosh ced fh pcrt gi c mgkkueoty wbhe wh lckhet. Zh fhehiot irgk bhcroej tbh vgomhs gi gtbhrs sphca tbh wgrds gi tbh psclks wh ehhd tg prcy. Zh crh clsg iuedckhetclly oe mgevhrsctoge wotb Jgd. Tbh Lgrd os Aoej, wbg rhojes ced os wgrtby gi cll cl l prcosh. Zh pgsotoge gurshlvhs fhigrh bok prgphrly cs wgrsbophrs. Fut wh clsg lc khet, oe okpcssogehd hxprhssoges egt mgethet wotb tbh stctus qug. Xewolloej tg prgmhss pcoe wotbgut Jgd, wh prhsukh upge bos oethrvhetoge. Tbh ^sclks crh cfgut pursuoej cutbhetom rhlctogesbop wotb bok, wgraoej tbrgujb tb rgujb wbct ot khces tg fh oe rhlctoge wotb gur ]gvh ]gvhrhoje. rhoje.
SXOMA VHIHVHEMH MBCVT]
Suoma Vhihrhemh Mbcrts Xeusucl Thrks Thrks Igued oe tbh ^sclthr Bojjcoge (boj-juyBojjcoge (boj-juy-gwe gwe)) Kcsaol (kcbs-aol (kcbs-aol))
“tcla oej/khdotctoej, oej/khdotctoej,‛ ‛ uemhrtcoe oe ots gely cpplomctoge (^scl k ?), cpphcroej fhigrh c “shlcb‛ “sa saoll ollhd hd,, uedh uedhrs rstce tcedo doej ej,,‛ pgss pgssof ofly ly rhq rhquo uoroe roej j saoll saollhd hd plc plcyo yoej ej
Koatck (koaKoatck (koa-tcbk tcbk))
uemhrtcoe, pgssofly rhlcthd tg “mg “mgvhroej‛ vhroej‛ gr fhoej “gvhrwbhlkhd.‛ “gvhrwbhlkhd.‛ (Tbhsh ihw psclks mgemhre dorh mormuk stcemhs.)
Kozkgr (koz-kgr (koz-kgr))
“psclk “p sclk,,‛ pg pgsso ssofl fly y rh rhih ihrroe rroej j tg oes oestruk trukhe hetcl tcl cm cmmg mgkp kpceok ceokhe hett
h E joegt (ehb-jhh-egth)) (ehb-jhh-egth
st ro ro ej ejhd o es est ru r u k h et s uemhrtcoe, pgssofly oedomctoej c kusomcl frhca. Oi sg, kcey gmmurrhemhs gi “shlcb‛ shhk tg fh gii fy c loeh (oe hotbhr dorhmt oge) oge)..
]hlcb (scy]hlcb (scy-lcb lcb)) ]b h koeot (sbhb-khh-ehht (sbhb-khh-ehht))
uemhrtcoe1 ce hojbt-stroejhd oestrukhet gr pgssofly tueoej tbh oestru khet igr kclh vgomhs
]bojjcoge (sboj-juy]bojjcoge (sboj-juy-gwe gwe))
ueaegwe. “Zcedhroej‛ (rcejoej tueh7) ced “pcssogecth lckhet‛ crh ckgej tbh juhsshs
]bor (sbhhr (sbhhr))
“sgej,‛ pgssofly rhihr ro ro ej ej tg vgmc l phr ig igr kc kc em emh
T h bollcb bollcb (thb-bol (thb-bol-lcb lcb))
“prc osh‛
h T pbollcb pbollcb (thb-iol (thb-iol-lcb lcb))
“prcyhr‛
Bhfrhw Vhihrhemhs tg Jgd Jgd0 ‟Hl (clh (clh))
“Jgd.‛ Tbos os t bh fcsom wgrd igr Jgd oe ots soejulc r igrk. Ot cpphcrs “Jgd.‛ geh-ioitb cs irhquhetly cs Hlgbok Hlgbok.. Gutsodh tbh ^sclthr ot gmmurs oe shvhrc l mgkpgued eckhs, sumb cs Hl-]bcddco ced ced Hl-Hlyge Hl-Hlyge..
Jgd0 ‟Hlgbok (hb-lgw-bhhk (hb-lgwbhhk))
“Jgd,‛ tbh phrsge wbg dhi oehs wbct ot os tg fh dhoty. Tbh igrk wotb -ok “Jgd,‛ os clsg c plurcl igrk o e Bhfrhw. Bhfrhw. Fut eckhs crh egt plurclozhd sg tbos os c totlh usoej tbh -ok -ok igrk igrk tg scy tbct t bh cfstrcmt mgemhpt gi dhoty os cpplohd tg gr rhclozhd oe tbos phrsge. (Bukce aoejs crh clsg rhihrrhd tg cs “ky lgrd‛ usoej tbh “plurcl‛ igrk. Tbh -ok -ok igrk igrk gi ‟Hlgbok ‟Hlgbok bcs bcs egtboej tg dg wotb tbh Troeoty.)
6?
Lgrd0 ‟Cdgeco (cb-dgh-eojb (cb-dgheojb))
“Ky lgrd.‛ lgrd.‛ Tbos os githe ushd cs c totlh igr Jgd. (Ots “plurcl‛ igrk oe Bhfrhw os pcrt gi ots fhoej ushd cs c totlh. Bukce aoejs c rh sgkhtokhs rhihrrhd tg cs “ky lgrd‛ usoej tbh “plurcl‛ igrk.)
L���0 _cbwhb ( _cb _cb-wcy) -wcy)
Tbos os tbh Lgrd‟s eckh, khceo ej sgkhtboej lo ah “bh os/wol l fh‛ (mp. Hxgd. =034 =034). ). C icolurh tg uedhrstced @hwosb smr ofcl prcmtomhs lhd tg tbh kostcahe rhedhroej “@hbgvcb,‛ “@hbg vcb,‛ wbomb os stoll wodhly ushd tgdcy. Ot os c mgevhetoge oe kcey trc eslctoges tg rhprhshet Jgd‟s eckh w otb “L���,‛ “L���,‛ usoej skc ll mcps, gr sgkhtokhs wotb “J�� “J��.‛ .‛
Typhs gi ^sclks ]hh cfgvh igr igr c dosmussoge gi tbh typhs gi psclks. ]hvhrc l psclk s cpphcr oe kgrh tbce geh lost. Tbhsh crh oedomcthd fy tbh igllgwoej sykfgls0 (V) ; Vgycl (V7) ; ^gssofly Vgycl (O) ; Oestrumtoge (L) ; Loturjomcl * ; cpphcrs oe cegtbhr uesphmoiohd lost Byke0 gi ^rcosh
2, 3? (O ), 6?, ==, 4>* (V), 9:, 3>>, 3>=, 3>9* (O), 3>: ( O), 33=, 338 338 (O), (O ), 33:, 33:, 3=4 (L), 3=?* (V7), 348, 349 (O), 34:, 342, 34?, 38>
Byke0 gi ^rcosh/ Tbceasjovoej
?* (V), =4 (O), 98, 92, 3>4, 3>8, 333, 334, 332 (L), 3=8
Byke0 gi gi Tbceasjovoej Tbceasjovoej Byke0 gi tbh L grd‟s Aoejsbop Byke0 Byk e0 Po Poge ge ]g ]gej ej
49, 42, 8> (O) (O),, :9, :9, 24, 24, 2: 2:,, ??* ??*, 366, 366, 3= 3=6 6 (V) (V), 3== 3== (O) 4 (O), 33 (V7), 39, 6=, 6:* (V)(L), 86 (O), 96 (O) (V7), ?3 (O) (V7), 363 (V7), 368, 36?*
Oedovoducl Lckhet
= (V), 8, 9, :, ?* (V), 3=, 3:, 66 (V), 68* (L), 69* (L), 6:* (V)(L), 62* (V) (L), =3 (V7), =8, =9, =2, =?, 4>* (V), 43 (O), 46-4=, 83 (V), 84, 88, 89, 8:, 8?, 9= (V)(L), 94, 9?, :> (V), :3 (V), 29, 22, 3>6 (V7), 3>?, 36>, 3=>† (O), 3=?* (V7), 34>, 343, 346, 34=
Mgkkuecl Lckhet‡
3>, 36, 34 (O), 44, 8= (O), 82 (O), 9>, :4, :: (O), :?, 2>, 2=, 28, ?>, ?4 (V), 3>9* (O), 3>2, 36=, 369, 36?*, 3=:
Vgycl
6, =*, ?*, 32*, 6>, 63, 66*, 6:* (L), 62*, 4>, 48, 83*, 93, 9=*, :>*, :6, 2?, ?4*, 3>3, 33>, 3=6*, 344
Lotu Lo turj rjy y Oestrumtoge Zosdgk
3*, =3 =3*, 96* 96* (O) (O),, :3 :3* *, :8 (O) (O),, ?3 ?3* (O) (O),, 3>6* 3>6*,, 363 363* *, 3=?* 3=?* 38 (O (O)), 64 (O (O)), 68 68* *, 69 69* *, 6: 6:* * (V (V)), 62 62* *, 332* 2*,, 3=3 (O (O)), 3=4 =4* * 4*, 34*, 38 (L), 3?*, 64 (L), =6*, =4*, 43*, 8>*, 86*, 8=*, 82*, 96* (V7), 9=* (V), :8 (V7), ::*, :2, 23, 26, ?3* (V7), ?8*, 3>9*, 3>:*, 338*, 3=>*, 3=3 (L), 3==*, 349* 3 ( V7), =:, 4?, :=, 336, 33?, 36:, 362
Tbh oedovoducl lckhetoej o e ^sclk 3=> cddrhsshs tbh mgkkueoty ct t bh hed gi tbh psclk. ^sclks 34, 8=, ced :: bcvh ce oedovoducl sphcaoej, fut tbh ossuhs mgemhre tbh mgkkueoty, wbomb kcy clsg bcvh c sphca oej rglh oe tbh psclk. ‡
=>
4:, ?=, ?8 (O), ?9, ?:, ?2, ??*
Mgeiodhemh
^gsso ^g ssofly fly Vg Vgycl ycl
†
32 (V), =>, =6 =6 (O), (O), 99, ?6, 339, 339, 364, 3=9, 3=2
Mgkkge Hlhkhets gi tbh ^sclks Hxplcectoge gi Totlhs Mcl clll tg tg ^rc ^rcos oshh
Ce oe oevo votc tcto tog ge gr gr mg mgkk kkce ced d tg tg jo jovh prc prcos oshh tg tg Jg Jgd
Kgtovctog Kgto vctoge e tg ^rcosh ^r co cosh
Vhcsges Vhcsg es wby wby Jgd Jgd os prcoshw prcoshwgrtby grtby gr wby phgp phgplh lh sbguld sbguld `goe oe prcosh prcosh Zgr sb sb op op gr tbc ea eas tg Jgd igr bos mbcrcmthr gr dhhds
Lc khet
C dhsmr opt oge gi phr sgec l d ost rhss
Cmmusct og oge
Mbc rj rjh s k cd cdh cj cj co co es est gp gppgehet s gr he hehk oh oh s
Mgkp kplc lcoe oett
Ce hxp xprh rhss ssooge tg Jg Jgd d gi do doss ssct ctos osic icmt mtooge wo wotb tb Jg Jgd d
Mlcok gi oeeg oeegmh mhem emhh
Ce csshrtog csshrtoge e gi gi egt egt fhoej fhoej ct icult icult oe oe tbh tbh kctthr kctthr ct ct bced bced
Mlcok Ml cok gi lg lgycl yclty ty
Ce ciiork ciiorkcto ctoge ge gi mg mgkko kkotkh tkhet et ce ced d dhso dhsorh rh tg bg bgeg egrr Jgd Jgd
Mgeihssoge gi soe
Ce cdkos soge gi juolt gr jhehrcl soe iulehss, usuc lly mgeehmthd tg ce cpphcl igr khrmy
^ht otoge
C rhquhst igr Jgd tg cmt C typh gi phtotoge csaoej Jgd tg hecmt `udomocl phecltohs cjcoest uerojbthgus uerojb thgus gppgehets
Okprhmctoge Kgtov Kg tovcto ctoge ge tg losth losthe e
Vhcsg Vhc sges es wby wby Jgd sb sbgul guld d ceswhr ceswhr tbh prc prcyh yhr r
]tcthkhet ]tcthk het gi gi mgeiodhemh mgeiodhemh Ce hxprhssoge hxprhssoge gi mgeiodhe mgeiodhett bgph bgph oe Jgd Ygw tg prcosh
C prgkosh tg prcosh Jgd igr ceswhroej tbh prcyhr, wbomb kcy oemludh oemludh kca oej giihroejs
Oestrumtoge/Zosdgk
Thcmboej, mgkkceds, gr prgvhrfocl scyoejs d orhmthd tg tbh bukce pc rtomopcets gr cudohemh
^rgpb ^rg pbhto htomm Grcm Grcmlhs lhs
Jgd‟ss wg Jgd‟ wgrd rd tg tbh phg phgpl plhh gr gr prgp prgpbh bhtom tom oestru oestrumto mtoge ge
Thstokgey/Bostgry
Ce cmmguet gi wbct Jgd bcs dgeh oe c phrsge‟s loih gr oe tbh ectoge tbct os dorhmthd tg gtbhr phgplh
Oedhx gi Yhrshs Ce csthrosa oed omcths tbct geh gr kgrh kgrh vhrshs irgk c shrohs cpphcr oe cegtbhr lost.
Oeotocl Cpphcl
4031 803-61 903-=1 3903*1 3:03-61 6203-61 43041 8403-61 8803-=1 8903c1 8:03c1 9303, 61 9=03, 91 9403c1 9?03c, 39-321 2>031 2=031 2903c1 2203-61 3>603-61 3=>03-61 34>09*1 34303-61 34603-=c1 34=03-61 34903
Lckhet
909-:1 3=03-61 3=03-61 6609 -2, 34-381 =30?-3=* =30?-3=*11 =208-2, =208 -2, ?-36, 3=-3 3= -341 41 4603-=, 9-:1 8804-21 8:04 8:0411 9?03f-=, :-36, 3?-63*1 :?041 2303=-39*1 220=-8, 2m-?c, 38, 3:1 3>60=-331 3>?066-681 3390=-4*, 3>*1 36>081 36=08-:*1 3=:03-=, 4-91 346041 34=04
=3
Cmmusctoges
=03-61 409c1 80?1 3>0=-9, :-331 3303f-=1 3603f-61 34031 3:03>-361 66036-3=, 39-321 6903>1 =30?-3=*1 =80:*, 33-39*, 6>-631 =903-4*1 =203?-6>1 4308-?1 4603>1 8603-4*1 8=03*, =*, 4*1 4*1 840=1 8803>-33, 8803>-33, 36-34, 6> -631 8903f-6*, 8903f-6*, 8- 91 8:091 8203-6, =-81 8?0=-4 8?0=-4c, c, 9 -: -:,, 34-381 960=-41 940=9 40=-4*, 4*, 8-91 9?04, ?-36*1 :303>-3 :303>-331 31 :=04-36*1 :404-2 :404-2,, 3>1 :?03-=1 2>023=1 2=06-21 290341 ?404-:, 6>-631 3>6021 3>?06-8, 39-321 339033*1 36>09-:1 36?03-6c*, =*1 34>06-=, 4m-81 4 m-81 3460=f1 34=0=
Mgkplcoet
3>031 6603-61 =803:c1 (=206-4)*1 4603-=, 9-:, ?1 4=061 440?-36, 3=-39, 3?, 66, 641 9>03-=, ?-3>1 9?04*, 9?04*, 3?-63*1 3?-63*1 :403, :403, ?, 331 331 :?081 2>04-91 2>04 -91 28082808-91 91 2209-2f, 2209 -2f, 34, 39, 321 2?0=2-49 2?0=2 -49,, 4?1 ?>0=-9*, :-331 3>203>-33
Mlcok gi :0=-81 3906-4, 8- 9, :-21 3:0=-81 6803*, 6803*, 38, 63f*1 63f*1 6903f-d, = -2, 33c1 6:021 6:021 =309-21 Oeegmhemh/Lgyclty =803=-34*1 4>0?-3>*1 4403:-32, 6>-631 9?04-8*1 Mgeihssoge
=6
680:*, 33*, 32*1 =20=-8*, 3:-321 4>036*1 9?08*1 :=06-=*, 3=-34*1 ?>02*1 3>909-:1 3=>0=-4
^htotoge
=0:c, 2f1 409f1 802, 331 904-81 :03, =0:c, :03, 9-2, 9- 2, ?-3>1 ? -3>1 ?03=-34, ?03=-34, 3?-6>1 3>06, 36-3 36 -391 91 3603c, =-41 =- 41 3=0=1 340:c1 3903*1 3:09-?, 3=1 6>03-8, ?1 66033, 3?-631 6806-:, 33, 39-63, 661 6903c, 6, ?, 33f1 6:0:-36*1 6206-4, ?1 =>0?-3>*1 =303-8, 34-32*1 ==0661 =803-=, 3:f-m1 =903>-33, 36*1 =203, 63-661 =?04, 2, 3>, 36*-3=1 4>033-3=, 39, 3:*1 4303>1 4=03, =1 4406=, 691 8303-6, :-?, 3>-36, 34-38, 321 8=091 880?1 89021 8?03-6, 4f-8, 33-3=1 9>08, 331 9304, 9-:1 9403f, 6-4*1 9804f1 9:03, 9-:1 9203-=*, 4, 62, =>1 9?09, 3=*-38, 6?, =41 :>03, 4, 8*1 :303f-4, ?, 36, 321 :603-1 :406-=, 32-6=1 :?09, 2-?1 2 -?1 2>06- 4*, :, :, 34, 38-6>1 26021 2=0?-3 2=0? -321 21 2402-?1 2804, :1 2906*, =c, 4c, 9, 33, 39-3:*1 2?04:c, 8>c1 ?>036-3:1 ?403-61 3>6032-66, 64*1 3>40=41 3>904-8, 4:1 3>209, 361 3>?03, 63, 63, 69-62c1 69 -62c1 33 3320681 20681 36>061 36=08*1 36804-81 36904-91 36904- 91 3=603, 3>1 3>1 3=?06=641 34>03, 4c-f, 21 3430=-8m, 2f, ?1 34608-:c*1 34=0:-3>*, 33-361 34408-2, 331 34?09-?
Kgtovctoge tg Ceswhr
=0:f-21 804-91 :061 3=041 660=-8, 660= -8, ? -3>1 =80:-3 =80:-3>*1 >*1 =206- 4*1 =?03>f-33, =?03>f-33, 36*1 4>036*, 3:*1 3:*1 44064*-681 83039-3:, 3?1 8903f-6*1 8:03f-d*1 930=, 81 9:061 :>08*1 :308-2*, 3>-33, 3:1 :?0:,, 3>c1 2=06*1 :?0: 2=06 *1 2903f, 2903f, 6*, =c*, =f, 4f-8, 3=, 38, 3:f- m1 2903>-361 2?04:f-42, 2?04:f-4 2, 8>f -831 ?>034f, 38f, 39f1 ?40=1 36=03*, 6-4*, 8-:*1 343021 34608-:c*1 34=08-9, :-3>*, 33-36
Okprhmctoges
803>1 6204*1 =3034-32*1 =804-9, 2*, 3?1 =9036*1 4>034-381 84081 880381 890:*1 8209-21 9?066-621 :>06-=1 :303=1 :?03>f-361 3>40=81 3>?09-38, 3?-6>, 62f-6?1 36>0=-41 36?082f1 3=:0:-?1 3=?03?-6>1 34>0?-331 3430?
Ygws
:03:*1 3=091 340:f-m1 660661 69036f1 =>036f1 =4031 =80?-3>, 321 4=041 8303=1 84091 890361 8:0?-3>*1 93021 9=06-81 9803*1 9903=-381 9?0=>1 :3034-39*1 :=062*1 :80?*1 :?03=1 290361 3>40==1 3>203f-=1 3>?0=>1 33303f-m1 33903=-34, 3:-321 3440?-3>
]tcthkhets gi Mgeiodhemh
=0=-9, 21 406-8, :-21 80=-:, 361 902-3>1 :033-3=,* 34-39,* 3:*1 ?038-321 3>03:-321 3303c&:, 4-9*1 360:-21 3=081 390?-331 3:034-381 6>09*, :-21 630:-361 66068-=31 6=03-91 6803*1 69036c1 6:03-9, 3>, 3=1 6208, 21 =303?-6>1 ==06>-631 =4061 =908-?*1 =2038-391 =?0:1 43033-3=1 460(4), 21 4404-21 4903-?, 331 42021 830=-91 8602-?1 84041 88039-3?, 6=h1 890=4, ?, 3>-331 8:03f-d,* 6-=, :-21 820?-331 8?02, ?, 3>, 39, 3:1 9>04, 361 9603-6, 8-9, :1 9=0:-3>1 940:-?, 3>1 92063-6=, 6?, =31 9?03=c, =8-=91 :303c, 8-:*, 34-39*, 3?-63, 66-641 :=06=-62*1 :80?-3>1 290:1 220?f-m, 3=1 ?3061 ?60?-33, 36-381 ?4036-38*, 66-6=1 3>60363:,, 62*1 3: 6 2*1 3>203c, 3=1 3380 338036-321 36-321 339038-391 339038-391 36303-21 36=03 36 =03*, *, 6-4*1 6- 4*1 36803-6*1 36?02m1 3=>08-91 3=40=1 3=203-6c*, 9-21 34>09*-:, 36-3=1 34308d-:1 3460:f1 344036-34, 38
Mcll tg ^rcosh
603>-36*1 ?033-361 6606=1 6?03-61 =>04-81 ==03-=1 =40=1 4:03, 91 42036-3=1 9903-6, 8, 2, 391 9:0=-81 920=*, 4(-9), =6-=41 2303-=1 ?603-=1 ?803-6, 91 ?903-=, :-?, 3>-361 ?:031 ?203c, 4-9, :-?c1 ??03f, 3d, 6f-=, 8, ?1 3>>03-6, 41 3>=03-6, 6>-661 3>403c, =8f1 3>8034, 8-91 3>903-=1 3>:03-=1 33303c1 33603c1 33=03-=1 339036*1 33:031 33203-4, 6?1 3=609-?1 3=403-61 3=803-=, 3?-6>1 3=903-=, 691 3=20481 3480631 34:03, :, 361 34203-3=*1 34?03-=, 81 38>03-9
^rcosh
203-2*1 ?03-3>1 3203-8>*1 3?03-91 6303-9, 3=1 6403-61 6209-:*1 =>03-=, 9-36*1 =3063-661 ==04-33* ==04-3 3*11 =404*, 9*1 (=?08)1 (=?08)1 4>03-=, 81 4 403 403-=1 -=1 4904-9, 4904 -9, 2-?1 4:06-4*, 8, :-?1 4203-=, 4-:, ?-3>1 840:*1 8903=*1 8:08, 3>*, 331 9803-6, 8-3=1 990=-4*, 9-:*, ?-36*, 3:-6>*1 9208-9*, 33-34*, 38-32*, 3?-6>, 64-6:*, =81 :4036-3:1 :8031 :903-3>1 ::033f-6>1 2403=, 331 2803-=, 2803-=, 3>-3=1 2902 -3>1 2?03-6, 2?03-6, 8 -3 -34, 4, 86, 8=1 ?>03-6, = -9*1 ?604-:, 21 ?=03-81 ?80=-81 ?904-9*, 3=*1 ?:06-9, ?*1 ??03c, 3m, 6c, 4, 9-21 3>>08*1 3>6068-6:*1 3>=0=-9, 3?1 3>403f-=>, =3-=61 3>80:-481 3>90421 3>:04-?*, 3>-39*, 3:-66*, 6=-=6*, ==-43*1 3>204*, 81 3>?0=3*1 33306-?1 33=04-?1 33403-2*1 33908-9*, 2-?1 332034*, 39*, 63*, 66-64, 621 36403-8, 9-?1 9 -?1 36903-=1 36?06f*, 41 3=804-:, 3=804-:, 2-3 2 -34, 4, 631 3=904-681 3=904-6 81 3=203-=*1 3=203-=*1 3=?03-321 3=?03 -321 34403-6, 34403-6, = -41 3480 34803-6>1 3-6>1 34906, 8-?*, 3>1 34 34:06-9, :06-9, 2-?*, 3= -6>*1 342034 342034
Kgtovctoge tg ^rcosh
660641 6?0=-?, 3>-3 3> -331 31 4:06-4*1 420341 840:*1 840:*1 9:04f-m*1 9208- 9*1 2304-81 2304-81 ?80: ?80:c-m1 c-m1 ?9049*, 3=*1 ?203f-=, ?f-d1 ??08m*, ?m*1 3>>08*1 3>2041 33:061 34:03=-6>*1 34209*, 3=*1 34?04
Oestrumtoge/ Zosdgk
303-91 603-361 :033-3=,* 34-39*1 203f-:*1 3304-9*1 3406-91 3803-8*1 3?0:-?,3>-341 640=9*, :-3>*1 6802-3>*, 36-34*1 =306=-641 =603-6, 9-:, 2-?*, 3>-331 ==04-33*, 36-38, 39-3?1 =408, :, 2-34, 38-32, 3?-631 =903-4*, 8-?*1 =:03-4>1 =?09*1 4>04, 9-2*1 4303-=1 4608, 331 4=081 4?03-6>1 8>03-9*1 8603-4*, 8-:1 8=03-91 88066-6=1 9602, ?-3>1 9=0331 98041 99032*1 92038-321 9?0=3-==1 :=03-621 :806-8, 9-21 :90331 ::03-33c1 :203-:6*1 2309-391 2603-:1 2404, 8-:, 3>, 361 2802-?1 2:03-:1 2?038-321 ?303, =-2, ?-3=1 ?402-33, 36-38*1 ?80:d-331 ?:0:, 3>-361 3>>0=1 3>=0:-321 3>:046-4=1 3>?0=3*1 33303>1 33603f-3>1 33408-2*1 33803-2, ?-331 33908-9*, :1 33202-3>*1 33?03-3:91 36803-6*, =1 36:03-6, =-81 36203-=, 4-91 3=>0:-21 3=30=1 3==03-=1 3=8038-321 3440381 3490=-4, 8-?*1 34:02-?*, 3>-33
^rgpbhtom Grcmlhs
3608- 91 6>09*1 6802-3>*, 36-34*1 3608-91 36-34*1 6:0341 6:0341 =602-?*1 =602-? *1 =?09*1 =?09*1 4903>1 8>0:-6=1 9>09-21 9>09 -21 2?0=4, 3?-=:1 ?3034-391 3>20:-?1 33>03-:1 3630=-21 3=606-8, 33-36, 3=-39, 3:-32
Thstokgey/Bostgry
=>09-36*1 =60=-81 =404*, 9*1 =?03-=, ?1 4>0:-3>*1 980=*1 9909-:*, ?-36*, 3:-6>*1 920:3>, 33-34, 64-6:*1 :=06-62*1 :20?-:6*1 ?4039-3?1 ?:02-?*1 3>303-2*1 3>606=-62*1 3>8036-43*1 3>909-491 3>:04-?*, 3>-39*, 3:-66*, 6=-=6*, ==-43*1 33403-4*1 33903-?*, 3>-33*1 33208-:, 2-63*1 36>031 36403-8, 9-?1 36?03-4*
==
TBH ^]CLK]
^sclk 3 TBHKH0 C rojbthgus rojbthgus oedovoducl os hstcflosbhd ced prgsphrs fy ctthedoej tg Jgd‟s Zgrd. T_^H0 Zosdgk, pgssofly rgycl.
irgk tbh mbgomh oe vhrshs 3 ” 6. Yhrshs 8 ” 9 dorhmtly mgetrcst tbh icth gi tbh womahd ced tbh rojbthgus. rojbthgus.
CXTBGV00 Xeaegwe. CXTBGV FCMAJVGXED0 Kgst Osrchloths dod egt gwe smrglls ced dod egt bcvh c mgpy gi tbh lcw gi Kgshs (Jhehsos tbrgujb Dhuthrgegky). Gely prohsts, smrofhs, phrbcps tbh vhry romb, ced tbh aoej bcd rhjulcr cmmhss tg tbh wr otthe Zgrd gi Jgd. Dhuthrgegky 3: 3:03 032 2 ” 6> oestrumthd tbh aoej tg kcah bos gwe mgpy gi tbh Lcw. Bh wcs tg rhcd ot hvhry dcy tg lhcre tg ihcr ced gfhy Jgd sg tbct bh ced bos dhsmhedcets wguld prgsphr. ^sclk 3 cdkgeosbhs bok tg rhcd Jgd‟s Lcw rhjulcrly tg doiihrhetocth fhtwhhe womahdehss ced rojbthgusehss thgus ehss oe grdhr tg prgsphr, ced ot okplohs tbh ^sclthr sbguld fh rhcd rhcd oe c sokolcr soko lcr lojbt. loj bt.
pcr ts, hcmb ]TVXMTXVH0 Tbh psclk bcs tbrhh pcrts, mgetcoeoej mgetcoe oej c mgetrc st. Yhrshs 3 ” 6 mgetrcst mgetr cst tbh oeiluhemh geh mbggshs, tbh mgueshl gi tbh womahd gr tbh Lcw gi Jgd. Yhrshs = ” 4 mgetrcst c whll-wcthrhd trhh wotb mbcii cs ce okcjh gi tbh heduroej strhejtb tbct mgkhs
]^HMOCL EGTH]0 Mbcii rhihrs tg tbh dry ircjkhets gi tbh sbhll-typh mgvhroejs gi jrcoe shhds. Cithr tbh mgvhroejs crh frgahe gii, tbh lojbt mbcii ced tbh bhcvy shhds crh shpcrcthd fy tgssoej tbhk oetg tbh cor sg tbct tbh woed flgws cwcy tbh mbcii. Lcw. Tbh ^sclks‟ Lcw. pghtry typomclly ushs doiihrhet wgrds wotb sokolcr khceoejs tg rhihr tg tbh sckh odhc. Bhrh tbh wgrd Lcw , gr Tgrcb,, os ushd oe fgtb Tgrcb pcrts gi vhrsh 6. Tgrcb os clsg tbh Bhfrhw totlh igr tbh “Lcw gi Kgshs.‛
@gshpb ]gbk”Yosoges gi Ckhromc/Jhtt Ckhromc/Jhttyy Okcjhs
VHILHMTOGE0 Loah tbh tbhkh sgej gi ce clfuk, ^sclk 3 shts c tgeh igr rhcdoej tbh ^sclthr1 ot plcmhs us ct c igra oe loih‟s rgcd. Zh‟rh oevothd fy wcy gi khtcpbgrs tg mgesodhr tbh pctbs ced wbhrh tbhy lhcd. Geh os lovoej, l ovoej, i lgurosboej — c vofrcet v ofrcet iruot iru ot trhh1 tbh gtbhr o s dhcd — hkpty bulls, mbcii flgwoej cwcy oe tbh woed. Loah pghtom mgkkhetcry ge Dhuthrgegky =>03? ” 6>, “O bcvh sht fhigrh ygu loih ced dhctb, flhssoejs ced murshs. Egw mbggsh loih. . . . Igr tbh L��� os ygur loih,‛ rojbthgus rojb thgusehss ehss ced womahdehss pcrcl lhl loih ced dhctb. Hvhrygeh wotb cmmhss tg tbh wrotthe Zgrd gi Jgd sbguld igllgw tbh hxckplh oe tbh pscl k. ]tudy ced khdotctoge crh ehmhsscry igr aegwoej Jgd‟s wcys, fut oe t ure Jgd “wctmb “wctmbhs hs gvhr tbh wcy gi tbh rojbthgus. rojbthgus.‛ ‛ Jgd scys tbrgujb t brgujb tbos sgej, “]tcy “]t cy oe tbh wcy gi tbh rojb roj bthgus. O woll plcet ygu loah c whll-wcthrhd whll-wct hrhd trhh, ced c ed ygu woll wol l fh flhsshd.‛ flhsshd .‛ =:
^sclk 6 TBHKH0 Tbh Lgrd bcs hstcflosbhd bos aoej ge Poge. Zgrsbop tbh Lgrd1 bgegr tbh aoej. T_^H0 Vgycl. CXTBGV0 CXTBG V0 Xeaegwe. FCMAJVGXED0 Loahly ushd wbhe mrgweoej tbh aoej, phrbcps iorst igr ]glgkge ced sufshquhetly igr cll tbh sges gi Dcvod. Fut ot wcs egt ehmhsscroly lokothd tg tbh aoej‟s mgrgectoge mhrhkgey mhrhkgey.. ]TVXMTXVH0 Tbh psclk bcs igur kcoe shmtoges wotb tbrhh vhrshs hcmb. ]tcezc 3 (vv. 3 ” =) pgshs tbh prgflhk gi plceehd rhfhlloge. ]tcezc ]tce zc 6 (vv. 4 ” 9) rhspgeds wotb tbh Lgrd‟s shli-cssurhd cttotudh. ]tcezc = (vv. : ” ?) hxtheds tbct phrsphmtovh wotb tbh aoej‟s mgeiodhemh oe tbh Lgrd‟s suppgrt. Ioeclly, Ioec lly, stcezc stc ezc 4 (vv. 3> ” 36) cdkgeosbhs tbh phgplh gi tbh prgphr rhspgesh tg tbh Lgrd ced tbh aoej. ]^HMOCL EGTH]0 Tbh psclk kcahs shvhrcl pgoets fy rhpgrtoej tbh wgrds gi doiihrhet phgplh. Igrhoje rulhrs sphca sph ca oe shmtoge shmt oge 31 31 tbh Lgrd sphcas oe shmtoge 61 tbh aoej sphcas c ed qugths tbh Lgrd oe shmtoge =. ]hmtoge 4 os loah l oah tbh wgrds gi c bhrcld cdd rhssoej tbh phgplh. ^lcehtCrt
VHILHMTOGE0 Zh kcy rhilhmt ge tbh psclk wotb c quhstoge igr hcmb stcezc. ]tcezc 30 Zbct dg phgplh phgplh tboea tbhy t bhy mce dg7 ]tcezc 60 Zbct dghs Jgd tboea gi tbhor odhcs7 ]tcezc =0 Zbg os oe mbcrjh7 ]tcezc 40 ]g bgw sbguld wh rhspged7 Zbhe plces crh fhoej lcod ced phgplh crh tcaoej sodhs fut tbh gutmgkh os egt aegwe, ot kcy fh thkptoej tg igllgw c pcrtomulcr jrgup. Fut Fut tbh jrhcthst irhhdgk ced shmuroty crh igued uedhr tbh cutbgroty gi Jgd. =2
^sclk = TBHKH0 Tbh aoej os vhry mgeiodhet oe Jgd‟s prgthmtoge, dhspoth kcey kc ey gppgehets wbg scy Jgd woll wol l egt dhlovhr dhlovhr bok. T_^H0 Oedovoducl lckhet, rgycl.
(kozkgr ) gi Dcvod. Zbhe CXTBG V0 C psclk (kozkgr CXTBGV0 bh ilhd i lhd irgk bos sge Cfsclgk.
bos “bgly “ bgly kguetcoe,‛ kguetcoe,‛ c rhihrhemh tg @hrusclhk tbct clsg hmbghs ^sclk 609. Zbolh tbh pomturh surhly lggahd flhca igr Dcvod wbhe bh bcd tg ilhh tbh mcpotcl moty, bh hxprhsshd c jrhct dhjrhh gi mgeiodhemh oe bos cfoloty tg loh dgwe ced slhhp oe vhrsh 8, c pomturh tbct gmmurs gely bhrh ced oe ^scl k 402. Ot Ot bcs lhd sgkh tg vohw ^sclk = cs c kgreoej prcyhr ced ^sclk 4 cs ce hvheoej prcyhr.
FCMAJVGXED0 ]hmged ]ckuhl 38 ” 32 rhmgrds rhmgrd s wbhe Dcvod ilhd irgk bos rhfhlloej sge Cfsclgk tg tbh woldhrehss gi @udcb. Cfsclgk summhhdhd summhhdhd oe tcaoej tbh tbrgeh thkpgrcroly fut wcs lcthr aollhd oe fcttlh. ]TVXMTXVH0 Tbh psclk bcs i ovh shmshmtoges. Ot fhjoes wotb c mgkplcoet, vhrshs 3 ” 6, tbhe kgvhs tg ots kcoe hlhkhet hlhkh et oe twg t wg stcthkhets gi mgeiodhemh oe vhrshs = ” 4 ced c ed 8 ” 9. Yhrsh : dhlovhrs tbh phtotoge. Oe mgemlusoge tbh tbh aoej cii orks Jgd ced prcys igr bos flhssoej ge tbh phgplh oe vhrsh 2. ]^HMOCL EGTH]0 Dcvod bcd tg lhcvh @hrusclhk, @hrus clhk, fut Jgd bhcrd bhcrd bok irgk C^/Zodh Zgrld ^bgtgs
VHILHMTOGE0 Okkhdocthly cithr tbh i orst twg oetrgdumtgry pscl ks, c mgup d‟ïtct oe tbh rgycl ickoly icko ly mctmbhs us fy surprosh. Vhfhlloge ced mgei mgei lomt mgkh egt egt irgk tbh ectoges oe ^sclk 6 egr irgk c rovcl aoej, fut irgk fhtrcycl wotboe Dcvod‟s gwe bgush. bgush. Tbh cegoethd aoej, icr irgk ruloej rulo ej wotb c rgd gi orge gr dcsboej hehkohs loah pgtthry, ilhhs tg gld ickol ocr bcuets oe tbh woldhrehss. Tbhrh bh rhkhkfhrs tbh Lgrd‟s dhlovhrcemh irgk tbh bced gi ]cul. Bh rhkhkfhrs rhkhkfh rs tbh Lgrd, bos sbohld, ced ture s tg bok. Bgw githe bcs tbh jrhcthst j rohi mgkh irgk wotboe gur gwe icko lohs, gur gwe mgkkueotohs gi icotb — cll ohs tureoej tur eoej cetcjgeosts, cetc jgeosts, iroheds i roheds fhmgkoej fhtrcyhrs7 Dcvod bcs prhmhdhd us oe sumb mormukstcemhs mormukstc emhs ced jovhe us wgrds. =?
^sclk 4 FCMAJVGXED0 Tbh sphmoiom fcmajrgued os uemhrtcoe, fut tbh pbrcsh “loh dgwe ced slhhp‛ prgvodhs c loea tg ^sclk =, wbomb os trcdotogeclly trcdotogecl ly rhlcthd tg Dcvod‟s mgei mgeilomt lomt wotb Cfsclgk Cfsc lgk (6 ]ck. 38 ” 32) 32)..
© X.^.okcjhs/ww w.ostgmapbgtg. mgk
TBHKH0 Jgd bhcrs tbh jgdly1 Dcvod woll hetrust bokshli tg Jgd. T_^H0 Koxhd0 mgeiodhemh, oestrumtoge. Tbh oeotocl mcll igr dhlovhrcemh ced prhshemh gi gppgehets oe tbh psclk sujjhsts ot os c lckhet, fut tbh fula gi tbh psclk hxprhsshs mgeiodhemh oe Jgd. Bcli tbh pscl k dghs egt cddrhss Jgd fut cmts cs oestrumtoge tg tbh phgplh. CXTBGV0 C psclk (kozkgr (kozkgr ) gi Dcvod. Igr tbh dorhmtgr gi kusom. kusom. Zotb stroejhd oestrukhets. oestr ukhets.
]TVXMTXVH0 Tbh psclk bcs i ovh shmtoges. shmtoges. Tbh psclk fhjoes wotb ce oeotocl cpphcl igr Jgd tg losthe oe vhrsh 3. Tbhe ot sboits tg cddrhss tbh phgplh wotb c rbhtgromcl quhstoge oe vhrsh 6 ced ceswhrs tbh quhstoge fy prgmlcokoej mgeiodhemh tbct Jgd bhcrs tbh “icotbiul shrvcet‛ (phrbcps grojoeclly khceoej tbh aoej) oe vhrsh =. Oe tbh tbord shmtoge, tbh psclkost cdkgeosbhs tbh phgplh tg iodhloty tg tbh Lgrd (vv. 4 ” 8). Ehxt bh mgetrcsts tbh bgphlhss tbgujbts gi gtbhrs wotb c mgeiodhet rhquhst igr tbh Lgrd‟s ctthetoge (vv. 9 ” :). Oe tbh lcst shmtoge, tbh psclkost kcahs bokshli ce hxckplh gi trustoej tbh Lgrd (v. 2). ]^HMOCL EGTH]0 Lyoej dgwe tg slhhp cs c pomturh gi mgeiodhemh gmmurs gely bhrh ced oe ^sclk =08. Ot bcs lhd sgkh tg vohw ^sclk = cs c kgreoej prcyhr ced ^sclk 4 cs c s ce hvheoej prcyhr. ^cul qugths tbh Jrhha trceslctoge gi ^sclk 404 oe Hpbhsoces 4069.
VHILHMTOGE0 Geh gi tbh hcrly mburmb ictbhrs, Mbr ysgstgk, gemh scod tbct oi o i bh mguld prhcmb † tg tbh wbglh wgrld, bh wguld mbggsh ^sclk 406. Tbos vhrsh prhshets Jgd‟s phrheeocl lckhet0 “Bgw lgej woll ygu khe ture ky jlgry oetg sbckh7 Bgw lgej woll ygu lgvh dhlusoges ced shha iclsh jgds7‛ Bgw prgigued tbct tbh Jgd gi tbh ueovhrsh sbguld lckhet tg us. Clsg, tbh pscl kost, wbolh oe o e tbh ehxus fhtwhhe dostrhss ced dhlovhrcemh, dhlovhrcemh, mbggshs tg stced oe mgeiodhemh0 bh “bhcrs wbhe O mcll tg bok‛ (v. =)1 “_gu clgeh, L���, kcah kh dwhll oe scihty‛ (v. 2). Bos ihcr, khetogehd oe tbh prhvogus psclk, bcs sufsodhd. Zotb mgeiodhemh bh prcys, “Jovh kh rhlohi irgk ky dostrhss‛ (v. 3), ced lohs dgwe tg rhst oe scihty. Mgeiodhemh `goehd tg icotb ic otb os c jrhct j rhct slhhp cod. c od. 4>
†
Frggas , vgl. 4, hd. Clhxcedhr Fcllgmb Jrgscrt ]hh Tbgkcs Frggas (39>2”2>), Tbh Mgkplhth Zgras gi Tbgkcs Frggas, (Hdoefurjb0 @. Eombgl, 329:), =8.
^sclk 8 TBHKH0 Jgd dghs egt tglhrcth t bh womahd fut prgthmts tbgsh wbg trust bok. b ok. T_^H0 Oedovoducl lckhet. CXTBGV 0 C psclk (kozkgr CXTBGV0 (kozkgr ) gi Dcvod. Igr tbh dorhmtgr gi kusom. Igr pophs. FCMAJVGXED0 Eg sphmoioms crh aegwe, fut tbh psclk oedomcths tbct Dcvod bcs cdvhrscrohs wbg sphca lohs ced plgt bcrk cjcoest bok.
fhoej igr tbh Dcvodom bhor rctbhr tbce igr Dcvod bokshli, soemh tbh thkplh wcs egt fuolt oe Dcvod‟s loihtokh. Dcvod, bgwhvhr, kojbt fh rhihrroej tg tbh Lgrd‟s bhcvhely thkplh. ^cul qugths tbh Jrhha trceslctoge gi ^sclk 80? oe Vgkces =03=c (cs whll cs rhihrroej tg ^ss. ^s s. 3403 3403 ” = ced c ed 34>0= oe tbh sckh s ckh pcrt gi Vgk. =).
]TVXMTXVH0 Tbh oeotocl cpphcl oe vhrshs 3 ” 6 os mgkplhthd fy tbh lcst vhrsh gi tbh psclk. Oe fhtwhhe crh twg stcezcs gi shvhe lo loehs ehs hcmb (vv. = ” : ced vv. 2 ” 33 3311 vv. =, :, 3>, ced 33 hcmb mgetcoe twg pghtom loehs). Tbh iorst shvhe-loeh stcezc csshrtss tbh fcsos igr tbh csshrt psclkost‟s phtotoge1 tbh shmged kcahs tbh phtotoge. ]^HMOCL EGTH]0 Khetoge gi tbh thkplh oe vhrsh : kcy okply tbct tbh totlh gi tbh psclk fh uedhrstggd cs © ]hfcstoce Aculotzao/www Aculotzao/www.ostgmapbgtg.mgk .ostgmapbgtg.mgk
VHILHMTOGE0 C bgly Jgd woll egt put up wotb tbh womahd. Fut tbh psclkost mce cpprgcmb Jgd wotb rhvhrhemh fhmcush gi bos jrhct lgvh. Zbolh Zbo lh ot os prhihrcflh igr tbh womahd tg rhphet, Jgd os csahd tg sbgw bos `ustomh fy jovoej tbh womahd tbhor duhs. Dhcloej gut mgeshquhemhs mgeshquhemhs igr hvol oestrumts oestr umts cll cl l gi sgmohty oe `ustomh. Tbh uerhphetcet uerhphetcet dg egt jht c pcss. Tcaoej rhiujh oe Jgd hetcols kgrh tbce wcetoej fhehiots irgk bok1 ot okplohs cllhjocemh tg ced dhphedhemh ge bok. 43
^sclk 9 TBHKH0 Tbh psclkost, oe jrcvh pbysomcl dostrhss, prcys igr bhcloej ced hxprhsshs mgeiodhemh tbct hehkohs woll fh rhiuthd. T_^H0 Oedovoducl lckhet. CXT BGV0 C psclk (kozkgr (kozkgr ) gi Dcvod. Igr tbh dorhmtgr gi kusom. kusom. Zotb stroejhd oestr ukhets. Cmmgrdoej tg sbhkoeotb sbhkoeotb..
]^HMOCL EGTH]0 ]bhkoeotb ]bhkoeotb kcy rhihr tg ce hojbt-stroejhd oestrukhet gr c kusomcl stylh. Cltbgujb tbh psclk kgvhs tg ce hxprhssoge gi mgeiodhemh oe hojbt vhrshs, tbh mhethr loeh hxprhsshs tbh psclkost‟s whcroehss irgk wcotoej sg lgej, wbomb oedomcths tbct bh igued eg quoma sglutoge. @hsuss cl ludhs tg ^sc @hsu ^sclk lk 902 oe Kct tbhw :06=.
FCMAJVGXED0 Tbh psclkost cpphcrs tg fh soma, mgemhrehd cfgut dyoej, ced bcrcsshd fy hehkohs. ]TVXMTXVH0 Tbh cejst gi tbh psclk mgedheshs oe c mhethrhd loeh (v. (v. 9c)0 “O “O ck wgre gut irgk ky jrgceoej.‛ Tbh twg stcezcs ge hotbhr sodh gi tbh mhethr loeh korrgr hcmb gtbhr oe lhejtb. lhejtb. ]tcezc ]tce zc 3 (tbrhh loeh pcors oe vv. 3 ” =) os tbh oeotocl cpphcl wotb c dhsmroptoge gi tbh psclk ost‟ ost‟ss trguflhs. ]tcezc 6 (twg loeh pcors pco rs oe o e vv v v. 4 ” 8) phtotoges Jgd igr rhsmuh irgk dhctb. ]tcezc = (twg loeh pcors oe vv. 9f ” :) lckhets lc khets tbh dostrhss do strhss gi tbh psclkpscl kost. Ioeclly, stcezc 4 (tbrhh loeh pcors oe vv. 2 ” 3>) hxprhsshs hxprhss hs mgei odhemh oe Jgd. J gd.
© Doceh Dohdhromb/www Dohdhromb/www.ostgmapbgtg.mgk .ostgmapbgtg.mgk
VHILHMTOGE0 Oe tbos psclk whhpoej os syegeykgus wotb c mry igr khrmy0 “Tbh L��� bcs bhcrd ky whhpoej‛ whhpo ej‛ (v. 2). 2). Okcjhs gi hxtrhkh dostrhss t cah tbh psclkost tg tbh hdjhs gi mgeiodhemh ced icr irgk rhstiul mgkigrt0 “O ck ico icoet et . . . ky fgehs crh c rh oe cjgey. . . . Ky sgul os oe dhhp dh hp ceju c ejuosb. osb. . . . O ck wgre gut irgk ky jrgceoej. jrgce oej. . . . O i lggd ky fhd wotb whhpoej. . . . Ky hyhs jrgw whca wotb sgrrgw.‛ sgrrgw. ‛ Bh mrohs mroh s gut, “Bgw lgej, L���, L ���, bgw lgej7‛ — geh gi bukceoty‟s bukce oty‟s twg pr okgrdoc l lckhets, “Bgw lgej7‛ ced “Zby7‛ Tbhsh lckhets crh quhstoges tbct mgetoeuh tg rhsgued oe tbh bhcrts gi Jgd‟s phgplh strujjlo ej loah tbh psclk ost tg lovh gut tbhor icotb oe tbh kodst gi pcoe ced suiihroej. suiihro ej. Bhrh Jgd prgvodhs prgvodhs lcejucjh lcej ucjh igr us tg vgomh gur pbysomcl pbysomcl ced sporotucl sporotuc l cejuosb, tg mry mr y gut igr rhlohi — cll oe tbh mgethxt gi icotb. ic otb. Zbhe wh ioed gurshlvhs oe sokolcr st cths, wh mce rhst oe tbh cwcrhehss cwcrhehss tbct tbh pscl kost ced gur Lgrd bokshli bcvh prhmhdhd us tbhrh ced lhit us wgrds tg bhlp lgmcth gurshlvhs, tg bcej ge tg icotb, ic otb, ced tg jrcf bgld gi Jgd. 46
^sclk : TBHKH0 Jgd os c rojbthgus rojbthgus `udjh wbg dhlovhrs tbh oeegmhet. T_^H0 Oedovoducl lckhet. CXTBGV 0 C sbojjcoge CXTBGV0 sbojjcoge gi gi Dcvod, wbomb bh scej tg tbh Lgrd mgemhreoej Musb, c Fhe`ckoth. FCMAJVGXED0 Xemlhcr. Musb tbh Fhe`ckoth os egt khetogehd hlshwbhrh oe tbh t bh Foflh. Fut tbh mgethxt gi tbh psclk kcahs ot cpphcr tbct tbh psclkost os fgtb iclshly cmmushd ced ge tbh rue irgk cttcma. ]TVXMTXVH0 Vctbhr tbce tbh jhehrcl rhquhst tg losthe tbct fhjoes kcey lckhets, tbos psclk jghs strcojbt tg tbh bhcrt gi tbh prgflhk, phtotogeoej Jgd igr rhsmuh irgk fhoej tgre tg pohmhs oe vhrshs 3 ” 6. Yhrshs = ” 8 prgthst oeegmhemh, oevotoej tbh hehky tg woe oi tbh psclkpscl kost os juo juolty. lty. Yhrshs 9 ” 2 ced ? ” 3> pht otoge Jgd tg cmt oe o e `ust wrctb. Yhrshs 33 ” 3= ced
34 ” 39 fgtb hxprhss hx prhss tbh t bh psclko psc lkost‟s st‟s mgeiodhemh mgei odhemh ced giihr oestrumtoge cfgut Jgd pueosboej tbh womahd. Tbhor womahd plces ced dhhds mgkh fcma ge tbhor gwe bhcds. Ioeclly, tbh psclkost vgws tg prcosh tbh Lgrd oe vhrsh 3:. ]^HMOCL EGTH]0 ]g surh os tbh psclkost gi bos oeegmhemh tbct bh mclls c mursh ge bokshli oi bh os oe tbh wrgej. Tbh mhetrcl stcezc gi tbh pghk os tbh cpphcl igr voedomctoge oe vhrshs 2f ” ?. Tbh khceoej gi sbojjcoge oe tbh totlh os sbojjcoge uemlhcr, tbgujb ot kcy rhihr tg tbh odhc gi lckhet.
© @gbce ]wcehpghl/www ]wcehpghl/www.ostgmapbgtg.mg .ostgmapbgtg.mgk k
VHILHMTOGE0 Yhrsh ? hxprhsshs hxprhssh s tbh bhcr t gi okprhmctoge okprhmct oge — c prcyhr igr `udjkhet, `udjkhet , igr pueosbkhet. Dcvod bglds bglds hvhrygeh, oemludoej oemludoej bokshli, bok shli, tg tbh i ohrmhst stcedcrd gi okpcrt ocl `ustomh ced mlhcrly mgesodhrs bokshli suf`hmt tg tbh r ojb ojbthgus thgus `udjh wbg “prgfhs koeds ced bhcr ts‛ (v. ?) ced “dosplcys bos wrctb hvhry dcy‛ (v. 33). Irgk tbos plcmh ced egt irgk spoth gr phrsgecl vhedhttc, Dcvod tbh wcrrogr aoej, c ty ph gi Mbrost, prcys igr `udjkhet `udjkhet gi hvol. Kcrtoe Lutbhr wrgth tbct wbghvhr prcys, “Bcllgwhd fh tby eckh, tby aoejdgk mgkh, tby woll fh dgeh,‛ kust clsg prcy cjcoest cll tbgsh oe gppgsotoge tg tbos ced scy0 “Murshs, kclhdomtoges ced dosjrcmh upge hvhry gtbhr eckh ced hvhry gtbhr aoejdgk. Kcy tbhy fh ruoehd ced tgre cpcrt ced kcy cll tbhor smbhkhs ced wosdgk ced plces rue cjrgued.‛ † Oi wh wguld csa gi tbh Lgrd, “Thcmb us tg prcy,‛ ced oi wh wguld trcesmhed oe gur prcyhrs cfgvh khrh shetokhets gi spoth ced phrsgecl vhedhttcs, wh kust mgesodhr bgw tg stced oe tbos sckh wcy igr tbh aoejdgk gi rojbthgus rojb thgusehss ehss oe tbh wgrld wgrld ced igr jggd tg ioeclly ced truly troukpb t roukpb gvhr gvhr cll hvol. hvo l. †
Kcrtoe Lutbhr, Lutbhr‟s Zgras, Zgras, hd. @crgslcv ^hloace (]t. Lguos0 Mgemgrdoc, 3?89), 6303>3.
4=
^sclk 2 mgemhre ced tbh sphmocl plcmh bh bcs jovhe khrh bukces. ]TVXMTXVH0 Tbh sckh rhircoe gphes ced mlgshs tbh psclk, prgmlcoko ej tbh kc`hsty gi tbh Lgrd‟s eckh. Tbh rhkcoeoej lo ehs dovodh oetg twg stcezcs stcezc s gi igur loehs hcmb. Tbh Tbh ior st gi t bhsh (vv. 3d ” 4) prgml cok s t bh L grd‟s jlgry cs c s shhe oe tbh bhcvhes bhcvhes ced oe mgetrcst tg khrh bukces. bukces . Tbh shmged (vv. (v v. 8 ” 2) dhmlcrhs dhmlc rhs bukceoty‟s dgkoeoge gvhr tbh hcrtb.
^bgtgDosm
TBHKH0 Tbh Lgrd rhojes oe tbh bhcvhes1 bh bcs sht bukceoty tg rulh tbh hcrtb. T_^H0Byke gi prcosh.
(kozkgr ) gi Dcvod. Igr tbh CXTBG V0 C psclk (kozkgr CXTBGV0 dorhmtgr gi kusom. Cmmgrdoej tg jottotb tg jottotb.. FCMAJVGXED0 Tbh psclkost psclk ost khdotcths ge tbh kc`hsty gi tbh bhcvhes ced os cwhd fy Jgd‟s
]^HMOCL EGTH]0 ^scl k 204 ” 9 os mothd oe Bhfrhws 609 ” 2, crjuoe c rjuoej j tbct t bct ot wcs ehmhsscry scr y igr @hsus tg fh kcdh “c lottlh lgwhr tbce tbh cejhls‛ cs pcrt gi “putQtoej[ hvhrytboej uedhr bos ihht‛ (v. 2 EOY). Tbh pbrcsh “sge gi kce‛ (EOY) mce sokply khce “bukce fhoejs‛ (TEOY) fut os clsg ushd ct tokhs cs c totlh. Oi ot whrh c totlh bhrh, ot mguld rhprhshet tbh aoej‟s sphmocl rhilhmtoges ced fh cll tbh kgrh cpprgprocth, tbgujb egt ehmhsscry, cs ce cpplomctoge tg @hsus. @hsus qugths ^sclk 206 oe Kcttbhw 630 63039 3911 ^cul qugths ^sclk 209 oe 3 Mgroe Mg roetbo tboces ces 3806: 3806:.. Ot os egt aegwe wbhtbhr jottotb wbhtbhr jottotb oe oe tbh totlh os c kusomcl oestrukhet oestr ukhet gr c kusomcl kusomcl stylh.
VHILHMTOGE0 Tbh kgge os cfgut 6,39> kolhs (=,4:9 ak) cmrgss ced 6=2,28: kolhs (=24,4>= ak) cwcy irgk tbh hcrtb. Zh crh ?= kolloge kolhs irgk tbh sue, oetg wbomb 3,=>>,>>> hcrtbs wguld iot. Zh Zh crh cfgut 64 troll oge kolhs irgk tbh ehxt ehcrhst stcr. Tbh Egrtb Egrtb ]tcr os ?> tokhs tbct dostcemh cwcy. Tbhrh crh folloges gi stcrs oe gur jclcxy. Tbh smclh gi tbh sglcr systhk ced tbh jclcx y stcjjhrs tbh t bh koed. Tbh psclkost dod egt aegw tbh tbh dostcemhs fut uedhrstggd tbh mgkpcrosge “loah tbh sced gi tbh shc‛ cs hquclly koed-fgjjloej. Zotb gr wotbgut aegwoej aegwoej tbh eukfhrs, tbh froll ocet dosplcy gi stcrs oe tbh mlhcr eojbt say (hsphmoclly ueboedhrhd fy pgllutoge ced moty lojbts) os ckczoej. Bgw hcsoly ot kcahs geh ihhl skcll! _ht, _ ht, cs skc ll ced oes oesoje oje oi omcet cs wh kcy shhk cj cjco coest est sumb c mgsk mgskom om fcmad fcmadrgp, rgp, wh crh rulhrs — rulhrs gi tbos plceht, plc eht, c lott lh lgwhr lgwhr tbce tbh cejhls. _ht rulhrs uedhr c kc`hstom Lgrd. Kcy wh rulh woshly! 44
