6 Modul e5
ENGLISH WORDS WITH AFFIXES - PREFIXES
ADe pEd BEAM Di s t a nc eLe ar n i n gPr o gr a ms u pp or t e db yt h eAu s t r a l i a nAg en c yf o rI n t e r n at i o na lDe v e l o pme nt
To the Learner Dear Learner, Good day learner? How are you today? In the previous module you’ve learned about words. In this module you will learn how to decode words with prefes.
Let’s Learn This This module will help you !orm new words by addin" the ri"ht or appropriate prefes. #ne way o! epandin" one’s vocabulary is throu"h the use o! prefes.
Let’s Try This
$elow are the most common prefes un%, in%, dis%, im%, and ir%, and are o!ten used to mean &opposite o!' or ¬'. (se these prefes to complete the thou"ht o! the second sentence by supplyin" the correct word with the correct pref. The italici)ed epressions are clues.
1.
The princess couldn’t decide who to marry. *he’s still ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++.
2.
The prince was not attentive to the princess. The prince was ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++.
3.
The curse was quite not possible to solve. It seemed ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++.
4.
The ueen did not seem to agree with her dau"hter’s plan. *he wanted to +++++++++++++++++++++ but could not stop her.
5.
The prince was not able to satisfy the second witch. The second witch was +++++++++++++++++++++. 49
1•
-re you done?
2•
-re all o! your answers lie these? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
3•
undecided inattentive impossible disa"ree unsatisfed
Don’t worry, the precedin" activity will help you understand prefes.
Let’s *tudy This /ead the story. -nswer the uestions that !ollow.
It was Benny’s twelfth birthday and the family was preparing a big celebration for him. While waiting for the guests to arrive, Benny went to the park to try out his new bicycle . While there he met misfortune . Another bicycle bumped him at the rear and Benny was thrown out of his seat right into the path of a speeding tricycle . Luckily the park administrator had taken precautions for such incidents. An announcement was made through the microphone and the firstaid attendants came to take him to the firstaid station. We found him waiting for us at the anteroom whiling away his time with the microscope . Benny’s in!uries were not serious and the birthday celebration did not have to
be postponed.
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1.
0ho was celebratin" his twel!th birthday?
2.
0hat happened to him when he tried out his new bicycle?
3.
How did the par administrator tae precautions !or such incidents?
/ead the italici)ed words taen !rom the para"raph.
bicycle
tricycle
microphone
misfortune
precautions
anteroom
1•
0hat are placed be!ore each word? bi, mis, tri, pre, micro, ante
2•
0hat does each syllable mean?
3•
0hat do you call these syllables
microscop e
1ote !urther that these syllables come at the be"innin" o! the base word. 2ou probably now by this time that these syllables are prefes. -s you can see !rom the eamples "iven, you can !orm new words throu"h the use o! prefes. 2ou can also "et the meanin" o! a word when you now the meanin" o! the pref and the base word is !amiliar to you. The most common prefes un%, in%, dis%, im%, and ir% are o!ten used to mean &opposite o!' or ¬'. Loo at the eamples. impatient
discom!ort
irresponsible
illo"ical
immature
ille"al
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unlie
disali"n
1.
*tudy the table below. It "ives you eamples o! three o! the most a3e, number, uantity, and time.
1umber
4uantity
Time
Prefx mono bi tri multi poly super me"a macro micro mini ante pre post e retro
Meaning
one two three many many "reat hu"e whole, bi" tiny small be!ore be!ore a!ter !ormer bac
Example mono"raph bipeds trian"le multipurpose polychrome superstar me"amall macroeconomics microor"anism mini"rocery anteroom prewar posttest e%mayor retroactive
Let’s Do This Prefx Meaning 1.
Directions5 6atch each word with its meanin". 0rite the number o! the word by its meanin". 7. increase
++++++++ become lar"er
8. decrease
++++++++ become smaller
9. indirect
++++++++ direct a"ain
:. redirect
++++++++ not direct
;. in
+++++++++ to let out air
=. de
+++++++++ to blow air into
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Directions5 (se the words above to complete the sentences.
2.
1. 2.
0hen I ++++++++++++++++++++++ the tire, it will be
3.
1ic too an ++++++++++++++++++++++ route to school.
4.
I! you are lost, a police o3cer can ++++++++++++++++++++++ you.
5.
Here are twenty balloons to +++++++++++++++++++++++ !or the party.
6.
The price o! shirts will ++++++++++++++++++++++ durin" the bi" sale.
1•
-re you done?
2•
Loo at the -nswer >ey to chec your answers.
3•
Do not worry we will have more eercises to do.
Let’s Do 6ore 8.
incorrect ashore unclear renew prepay imperfect dislike mistreat
1.
2.
5. 3.
4.
6.
7.
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Dire!"i#n5 6atch the words in the word bo with their defnitions below. 0rite them in the correct places in the pu))le. A!r#D#$n
7. pay be!ore
;. not lie
8. treat wron"ly
=. not per!ect
9. not correct
. mae new a"ain
:. not clear @. on shore
Did you fnd it easy answerin" the pu))le? Loo at the -nswer >ey a"ain to chec your answers. 0rite your score inside the bi"
Let’s /emember This
1•
- pref is a syllable or syllables placed at the be"innin" o! a base word.
2•
- base word is a word that can stand on its own. It cannot be divided into smaller parts and still retain its meanin".
3• The
meanin" o! a word can be f"ured out by puttin" to"ether the meanin" o! its pref and the base word.
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Let’s Test #urselves Miing Prefxe Dire!"i#n% /ead the story. (se the prefes in the word bo to write the prefes.
un tele dis
re
mis
STAR TRIP 6ars sat in !ront o! his bi"%screen
-s usual, the Little Arince vision. &This li!e is very
2
1 5
then, he heard a noc at the door, a !rown messen"er handed him on his a !ace d. He was "oin" on a trip to 4 the
when he opened the envelope, he was surprised. The happy starsC The Little
Arince was
8
9
paced his star travel certain ba" until everythin" ft. what to *omeday he would pac. He dashed
3appeare
"ram. &There must be sometae,' said the Little Arince. $ut
interestin",' he thou"ht. Bust
7
!or his
6
turn to his own planet, but until then, he was ready !or an
scope and ma"ic 10 crystal it. adventure in the stars. He paced and
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1•
2• 3•
4•
-re you done? Loo at the -nswer >ey a"ain to chec your answers. I! your score is @%7, Ecellent, proceed directly to the net module. I! your score is =%, That’s Good, answer &Let’s Enrich #urselves.' I! your score is ; and below, review the whole module.
Let’s Enrich #urselves Prefx &r#$#r' 1.
5.
6.
7. 2.
3.
4.
8.
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- prefx is a word part added to the (eginning #) a $#r' that chan"es its meanin".
Dire!"i#n% 6atch the words in the word bo with their defnitions below. 0rite them in the correct places in the pu))le. A!r# D#$n
7. not usual;. not main" sense 8. fll a"ain =. not certain 9. middle o! the ni"ht . count wron"ly :. set a"ain@. tae away !rost
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-nswer >ey
Le"* D# T+i A , 7. 7 become lar"er 8. 8 become smaller 9. : direct a"ain :. 9 not direct ;. = to let out air =. ; to blow air into , 7. de
8. 9. :. ;. =.
increase indirect redirect in
Le"* Enri!+ O.rel/e
7. 8. 9. :. 5. 6. 7. 8.
unusual refll midni"ht reset nonsense uncertain miscount de!rost
Le"* D# M#re
7. prepay 8. mistreat 9. incorrect :. unclear ;. dislie =. imper!ect . renew @. ashore Le"* Te" O.rel/e
7. tele 8. un 9. tele :. mis ;. un =. dis . un @. tele F. re 7. re
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